Journal of Clinical and Translational Science最新文献

{"title":"Erratum: Building Research Capacity at FQHCs: A model of support from the All of Us Research Program - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Derek Inokuchi, Heta K Mehta, Jessica M Burke","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.636","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.571.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental tobacco smoke exposure in a multi-city cohort of children with asthma: Analyzing true exposure and the validity of caregiver survey.","authors":"Katherine McKeon, Derek Werthmann, Rebecca Straubing, Anna Rodriguez, Connie Sosnoff, Benjamin C Blount, Ginger L Chew, Tiina Reponen, Gary Adamkiewicz, Joy Hsu, Felicia A Rabito","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.581","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The avoidance of asthma triggers, like tobacco smoke, facilitates asthma management. Reliance upon caregiver report of their child's environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure may result in information bias and impaired asthma management. This analysis aimed to characterize the chronicity of ETS exposure, assess the validity of caregiver report of ETS exposure, and investigate the relationship between ETS exposure and asthma attack.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary data analysis was performed on data from a longitudinal study of 162 children aged 7-12 years with asthma living in federally subsidized housing in three US cities (Boston, Cincinnati, and New Orleans). Data were collected at three time points over 1 year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 90% of children were exposed to ETS (≥0.25 ng/ml of urine cotinine (UC)). Exposure was consistent over 1 year. Questionnaire data had a sensitivity of 28-34% using UC ≥0.25 ng/ml as the gold standard. High ETS exposure (UC ≥ 30 ng/ml) was significantly associated with asthma attack (aOR 2.97, 0.93-9.52, <i>p</i> = 0.07). Lower levels (UC 0.25-30 ng/ml) were not statistically significant (aOR 1.76, 0.71- 4.38, <i>p</i> = 0.22). No association was found using caregiver-reported ETS exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Relying on questionnaire data to assess children's exposure to tobacco smoke may lead to substantial information bias. For children with asthma, incorrect characterization may substantially impact asthma morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health impacts of a remotely delivered prolonged nightly fasting intervention in stressed adults with memory decline and obesity: A nationwide randomized controlled pilot trial.","authors":"Dara L James, Chung Jung Mun, Linda K Larkey, Edward Ofori, Nanako A Hawley, Kate Alperin, David E Vance, Dorothy D Sears","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.651","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective/goals: </strong>Cognitive decline is intricately linked to various factors such as obesity, stress, poor sleep, and circadian rhythm misalignment, which are interrelated in their impact on cognitive health. Irregular food-intake timing further compounds these issues. The practice of prolonged nightly fasting (PNF) may help synchronize food intake with circadian rhythms, potentially mitigating adverse effects of cognitive decline and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pilot nationwide, remotely delivered, 2-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the 8-week outcomes of cognition, stress, and sleep, after a PNF intervention (14-hr nightly fast, 6 nights/week, no calories after 8 pm) compared to a health education (HED) control condition. Participants were living with memory decline, stress, and obesity and had weekly check-in calls to report fasting times (PNF) or content feedback (HED).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were enrolled from 37 states in the US; <i>N</i> = 58, 86% women, 71% white, 93% non-Latinx, mean (SD) age 50.1 (5.1) years and BMI 35.6 (3.6) kg/m². No group differences existed at baseline. Linear mixed-effects models were used to compare outcome change differences between groups. Compared to the HED control, the PNF intervention was associated with improved sleep quality (<i>B</i> = -2.52; <i>SE</i> = 0.90; <i>95% CI</i> -4.30--0.74; <i>p</i> = 0.006). Perceived stress and everyday cognition significantly changed over time (<i>p</i> < 0.02), without significant difference by group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Changing food intake timing to exclude nighttime eating and promote a fasting period may help individuals living with obesity, memory decline, and stress to improve their sleep. Improved sleep quality may lead to additional health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruitment and retention strategies to promote research engagement among caregivers and their children: A scoping review.","authors":"Tammy E Corr, Alma Jusufagic, James Basting, Catherine Caldwell, Steven King, Aleksandra E Zgierska","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.624","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term health and developmental impact after <i>in utero</i> opioid and other substance exposures is unclear. There is an urgent need for well-designed, prospective, long-term observational studies. The HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study aims to address this need. It will require optimizing recruitment and retention of caregivers and young children in long-term research. Therefore, a scoping review of original research articles, indexed in the PubMed database and published in English between January 1, 2010, and November 23, 2023, was conducted on recruitment and retention strategies of caregiver-child (≤6 years old) dyads in observational, cohort studies. Among 2,902 titles/abstracts reviewed, 37 articles were found eligible. Of those, 29 (78%) addressed recruitment, and 18 (49%) addressed retention. Thirty-four (92%) articles focused on strategies for facilitating recruitment and/or retention, while 18 (49%) described potentially harmful approaches. Recruitment and retention facilitators included face-to-face and regular contact, establishing a relationship with study personnel, use of technology and social platforms, minimizing inconveniences, and promoting incentives. This review demonstrates that numerous factors can affect engagement of caregivers and their children in long-term cohort studies. Better understanding of these factors can inform researchers about optimal approaches to recruitment and retention of caregiver-child dyads in longitudinal research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conversation with James LaBelle, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, University of Chicago.","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.628","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-methods analysis of personal growth in an equity-centered leadership development program.","authors":"Josephine McKelvy, Chenguang Du, Michelle Song, Tara Carr, Rachel Berthiaume, Giselle Corbie, Claudia Fernandez, Gaurav Dave","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-efficacy (or the belief in one's ability to effect change) often moderates the relationship between education, interest, and actions in evaluations of training programs that prepare community-based investigators in the clinical and translational sciences workforce. Such evaluations, however, tend to emphasize individual-level attitudes when there are also community- or organizational-level outcomes impacted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses a novel sequential, explanatory mixed-methods design to explore multiple levels of self-efficacy (or self-awareness of personal growth in leadership) in the Clinical Scholars program, an equity-centered leadership development program for mid- to later-career healthcare professionals. Our design involves: (1) bivariate correlations and confirmatory factor analysis of self-assessed competencies across all program participants to identify emergent combinations of competencies, which informed (2) more nuanced thematic coding of participants' stories of most significant change in their personal and professional lives, as a result of the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In unpacking their accounts of personal leadership styles (that aligned with our quantitative analyses of competencies), we found that participants demonstrated multiple competencies simultaneously. Specifically, they employed emotionally intelligent learning and consensus-building dialogue to manage conflict for interpersonal impact. Additionally, they used this combination of skills to unite diverse stakeholders under a shared vision in order to lead and manage organizational change where all colleagues' contributions were valued.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Together, these methods extend our understanding of personal growth in leadership as an outcome of the program in terms of individual- and organizational-level impacts, using representative quantitative self-assessments to categorize rich qualitative descriptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conversation with Nasser Altorki, MD, David B. Skinner, M.D. Professor of Thoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine.","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining individual- versus population-level social determinants of health in a cluster randomized trial of health coaches for patients with multiple chronic conditions.","authors":"Mary E Charlson, Martin T Wells, James Hollenberg, Rosio Ramos, Guillerma Maritza Martinez, Martin J Gerard, Andrea Cassells, T J Lin, Ilana Mittleman, Alice Eggleston, Jonathan N Tobin","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.598","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social determinants of health (SDOH) are an important contributor to health status and health outcomes. In this analysis, we compare SDOH measured both at the individual and population levels in patients with high comorbidity who receive primary care at Federally Qualified Health Centers in New York and Chicago and enrolled in the Tipping Points trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed individual- and population-level measures of SDOH in 1,488 patients with high comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 4) enrolled in Tipping Points. At the individual level, we used a standardized patient-reported questionnaire. At the population level, we employed patient addresses to calculate the Social Deprivation Index (SDI) and Area Deprivation Index. Multivariable regressions were conducted in addition to qualitative feedback from stakeholders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individual-level SDOH are distinct from population-level measures. Significant component predictors of population SDI are being unhoused, unable to pay for utilities, and difficulty accessing medical transportation. Qualitative findings mirrored these results. High comorbidity patients report significant SDOH challenges at the individual level. Fitting a binomial generalized linear model, the comorbidity score is significantly predicted by the composite individual SDOH index (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) controlling for age and race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individual- and population-level SDOH measures provide different risk assessments. The use of community-level SDI data is informative in the aggregate but should not be used to identify patients with individual unmet social needs. Health systems should implement a standardized individualized assessment of unmet SDOH needs and build strong, enduring partnerships with community-based organizations that can provide those services.</p>","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the CTSA on nutrition research infrastructure: Perspectives from research dietitian nutritionists.","authors":"Rachelle Bross, Catherine A Chenard, Andrea Moosreiner, Amy Schweitzer","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.563","DOIUrl":"10.1017/cts.2024.563","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A conversation with Demilade Adedinsewo, M.B., Ch.B., Assistant Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic.","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/cts.2024.639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.639","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15529,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"e189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}