Journal of Cytology and Histology最新文献

{"title":"Histological Pop Art: A Fascinating Journey through the Human Body","authors":"A. Kerber","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000500","url":null,"abstract":"Anne Kerber has been working as a medical technical assistant in the field of Dermatopathology in the Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology at the University Hospital of the Saarland for almost twenty-five year. She has always been fascinated by the variety of histological structures of all human organs. For her Histological Pop Art project, she made 3-5 millimetre slides from normal tissues that were stained with H&E and Mallory’s trichrome.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81285433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron Microscopy of Human Endometrium during Window of Implantation","authors":"Satish Patki, S. Patki, R. Patil, Ujjwala Patki, Patil Ps, Sharma Rk, S. Walawalkar, N. S. Shah","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000516","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The implantation rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains 25 to 35 percent inspite of marked improvement in the technology. Endometrium is receptive for the process of implantation of the blastocyst only for a span of 3 to 4 days of window of implantation (WOI). During this WOI, certain morphological changes take place in the luminal endometrium. Present study is an attempt to study these ultra-structural changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) during hormone replacement cycles (HRT) as the implantation rates are higher in such cycles than in stimulated cycles. Material and Methods: Forty female infertile patients were given the hormone replacement regimen. 6 mg Estradiol valerate was given per day from day 2 of menstrual cycle for 8days. Daily progesterone was supplemented from day 9 by intra muscular route in a dose of 100 mg for 7 days. Sequential endometrial biopsies were performed on 2nd, 5th and 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial (SEM) tissues were subjected for scanning electron microscopy for studying the ultrastructural changes in the luminal endometrium. Results: SEM showed the changes in all the three components of the surface endometrium. The surface epithetlium showed appearance pinopodes all along the surface on 2nd day of progesterone. The pinopodes were found to be fully developed on 5th day and found to be regressed on 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial glands were observed to be maximally developed in number and diameter on 5th day of progesterone. The phenomenon of angiogenesis was also maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone. Conclusion: Endometrial receptivity is maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone administration in estrogenic primed patients. Documentation of these changes in one cycle prior to the treatment cycle will help for personalized embryo transfer in oocyte/embryo donation and frozen embryo transfer cycle, to get higher pregnancy rates.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89703399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Inflammatory Responses in Wound Healing and the Use of the Subcutaneous Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Sponge Implantation for Evaluation of the Healing Process","authors":"S. A. El-Aleem, A. Muftah, E. Jude","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000519","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Biologic and synthetic biomaterials have been used for various medical applications and research studies. Subcutaneous implantation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) sponge is a commonly used experimental model to study the underlying mechanisms of wound healing. As a research tool, PVA sponge is useful for analyzing the granulation tissue formation and tissue regeneration. Hypothesis and Aims: PVA sponge model might show a different inflammatory response from the open incisional wound model because it reflects the host response to a foreign body. Thus, this study aims to characterize the inflammatory responses in the two models. Materials and Methods: Adult male albino rats were used to produce the two models of wound healing. Through a midline incision, two PVA sponges were implanted subcutaneously on each side. Two incisional dermal wounds were produced on the dorsum of each rat. At the end of the experiments, the sponges and the incisional wounds were harvested at different time points for assessing the inflammatory responses. Immunohistochemical staining was used to study the cellular localization and the profile of the inflammatory markers iNOS and TGF Beta-and Western blot analysis used to study their protein levels. Results: Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis showed a distinct variability in the inflammatory responses between the two wound models. PVA sponge implantation model showed a delayed and a persistent inflammation started 3 days post-implantation and persisted as long as the sponge existed. On the other hand, the incisional wound model showed an early and a time limited response started 1 day and ended 5-7 days post-wounding. Moreover, the inflammatory mediators iNOS and TGF Beta-1 were differentially regulated in both models. While, they showed a similar profile along the time course in the PVA sponge model. They showed a differential profile in the open wound model. Conclusion: subcutaneous PVA sponge provides an ideal reproducible model for use in inflammation research. However, it may not be a reliable model for wound healing modulation studies. It elects inflammatory response considerably different from what happens in the tissues. Furthermore, in open wound model, inflammation is differentially controlled by iNOS and TGF Beta-1. Therefore, abnormal wound healing conditions could be treated by pharmacological intervention using nitric oxide (NO) and TGF Beta-1 modulators.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77324601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Amyloidosis - When Looks are Deceptive!","authors":"M. Rastogi, N. Bansal, M. Shan, V. Vij","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000520","url":null,"abstract":"The liver can be involved in many systemic diseases, including infectious, immunologic, metabolic, vascular, infiltrative, and neoplastic diseases. Amyloidosis is a rare systemic disorder characterized by the deposition of insoluble, fibril-forming amyloid proteins in the extracellular space of various organs and it is more frequently observed in the gastrointestinal tract, heart and kidney. Liver can also be involved but often remain clinically silent with abnormal liver function tests and organ enlargement. The clinical and imaging features of the disease are often nonspecific and a tissue biopsy is often required. Hepatic involvement of the systemic amyloidosis is usually presented as diffuse infiltration and hepatomegaly, but very rarely may appear as unusual focal mass. Hepatic dysfunction is usually subclinical, however, in some patients, there is massive involvement of the liver could lead to acute liver failure, acute on chronic liver failure and decompensated cirrhosis of liver. We present the two rare cases of hepatic involvement of systemic amyloidosis. First case is of primary AL-systemic amyloidosis that presented as hepatic lesions, in the setting of plasma cell dyscrasia. Second case is of secondary AA-systemic amyloidosis that presented as decompensated chronic liver disease reported first time in literature which required liver transplantation.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88571137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathomorphological Features of Endotoxemia-Induced Pyelonephritis in Diabetic Nephropathy","authors":"Hasanov Adalat, Ibishova Arzu, Orujov Mushfig","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000e121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000e121","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic nephropathy or diabetic kidney disease is characterized by the presence of pathological quantities of urine albumin excretion, diabetic glomerular lesions, and loss of glomerular filtration rate in diabetics [1]. Pyelonephritis is a disease appearing by damage of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. Approximately annual incidence of pyelonephritis ranges from 459,000 to 1,138,000 cases in the United States and 10.5 million to 25.9 million cases in the world [2]. Acute pyelonephritis is severe contamination of the upper renal pelvis system by bacterial infection most often seen in young adult women [3]. The complication of acute pyelonephritis in patients with diabetes mellitus is manifested by Escherichia coli (E. coli) and klebsiella endotoxins and occurs in 80% cases. The biopsy should be taken during proteinuria to differentiate the renal complications of patients with diabetes mellitus from other kidney pathologies. For this reason, the reading of biopsy tissues has greater clinical and pathomorphological significances in revealing of alterations, created by E. coli colony toxins in the formation of the pyelonephritis.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87374430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Study of Male Breast Lesions: A Six Year Study","authors":"Babai Halder, N. Halder","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000515","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Male breast lesions are comparatively less common. Gynaecomastia is the most common clinical and pathological abnormality of the male breast. Carcinoma of the male breast is much rarer than its equivalent female tumour. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely used method in the management of breast lesions in women. However, FNAC is used much less often in male, mainly because male breast masses are less frequent. But it is one of the most reliable tools for diagnosis of male breast lesions. Aims and objectives: To describe cytomorphological pattern and to determine the efficacy of FNAC in the diagnosis of male breast lesions. Materials and methods: A six year retrospective cross sectional study of male breast lesions was conducted by FNAC. Results and observations: A total of 111 cases of male breast lesions were subjected to FNAC. Among these, 107 cases (96.40%) had benign diagnosis. Only 1 case (0.9%) had malignant diagnosis. In 3 cases (2.7%), smears were inconclusive. Among benign cases, gynaecomastia (90 cases, 81.08%) was the most common lesion, followed by fibroadenoma (8 cases, 7.21%), acute suppurative lesion (4 cases, 3.6%) and others (5 cases, 4.5%). Age of the patient ranged from 7 years to 85 years with mean age of 42.39 years. Most of patients had unilateral lesion (102 cases, 91.89%). Conclusion: Gynaecomastia is the most prevalent male breast disorder. FNAC of male breast lesions is very accurate tool. Therefore, it should be used as initial diagnostic procedure of male breast lesions.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91203090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Human Gingival Mucosa-Histological and Morphometric Study","authors":"G. Dalia, Alaa El-Din Aly El-Waseef","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000517","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cigarette Smoking is considered the most preventable cause of diseases and premature deaths in the history of mankind. It is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Aim of the study: To study the light and electron microscopic structure of clinically normal gingival mucosa in nonsmoker versus smoker adult males. Subjects and methods: Eighteen adult males (volunteers) were divided according to the intensity and duration of smoking (pack year index) into three groups. Group I (non-smokers control), group II (pack year index 1-9) and group III (pack year index >10). Specimens from the gingival mucosa were obtained and processed for proper histological techniques. Paraffin sections were stained with H&E, Mallory`s trichrome stain and immunohistochemical reaction for caspase-3. Transmission electron microscopic study, morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results: Basal cell hyperplasia, increase thickness of epithelium, apoptosis of epithelial cells, and inflammatory cellular infiltration in the lamina propria, desmosomal disruption, increase glycogen granules and melanin pigments were noticed in group II and were more increased in group III. Conclusions: Clinically normal gingival mucosa of cigarette smokers shows light and electron microscopic structural changes that are directly related to the pack year index of the individual.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85596268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Algorithmic Diagnostic Approach to Secretory Carcinoma of Salivary Gland","authors":"K. Shubhada, N. Oza, A. Patil, M. Bal, T. Pai, Ravi K. Gupta, P. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000511","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Secretory carcinoma (SC) is a recently recognized tumour of salivary gland with characteristic t (12; 15) (q13; q25) translocation with ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. SC were misdiagnosed as Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC), especially Papillary cystic variant (PCV) in the past. Primary objective of the study was to devise diagnostic algorithm to distinguish SC from other low grade salivary gland tumors especially AciCC. Methods: Surgical pathology archives was searched for cases diagnosed as PCV-AciCC from 2005 to 2017 and as SC from 2012-2017. The H&E, IHC and FISH results were studied. Results: Parotid and oral cavity were involved in 74.3% and 14.2% cases. HE b) solid pattern showing multivacuolated bubbly cytoplasm; c) follicular pattern with dense colloid like secretions. A diagnostic algorithm was devised. Of 35 cases, upfront diagnosis of SC was offered in 22 cases. 13 Cases of PCV-AciCC were reclassified as SC based on morphology and confirmed by IHC (diffuse co-expression of mammaglobin, S100 and lack of DOG1 positivity) and molecular study. 65.7% cases showed ETV6 translocation by FISH. Conclusion: SC is a new entity, which was misdiagnosed as PCV-AciCC in the past. SC can originate in minor salivary gland. Awareness of morphological indicators and high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis. IHC markers further facilitate the diagnosis. The translocation study can thus be limited to cases with unusual histology and planning of targeted therapy in future. A novel diagnostic algorithm is suggested for recognition of this new entity.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73612050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma T4b Classification - Medical Images","authors":"David Gicheha Njoroge","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000498","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89458251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Cell Block Study of Various Breast Lumps","authors":"Mahima Patel, S. Patel","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000514","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study was to evaluate the importance of the combined use of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and cell block in the diagnosis of breast lesions. A total of 33 cases with breast swelling were included in the study of which FNAC, cell block and biopsy or resected specimens were available. Cytological finding of smears and cell blocks were correlated to histo pathological results, with the combined use of FNAC and cell block, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 100% while sensitivity and accuracy were 96%. Major limitation of breast FNAC compared with core needle biopsy is inability to determine invasion in carcinoma. Of 17 carcinomas, invasion could be identified in 10 cases (59%) in cell block sections. Cell blocks complement smears and monolayers and appear to overcome major limitations of breast FNAC.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"25 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82690258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}