Journal of Cytology and Histology最新文献

{"title":"Study of the Effect of Aristolochic Acid on Mice Kidney and the Effect of Withdrawal: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"Ali Ah, T. Ha, Ahmad Rf","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000504","url":null,"abstract":"Aristolochic acid (AA), one of the commonly used herbal medicines was reported to cause harmful effect on kidney. In this work, we aimed to study the effect of AA on renal tissue and to investigate the effect of its withdrawal. Methods: Forty five adult male mice were randomly assigned to three groups. Control group, Group 1 where mices were treated with aristolochic acid (AA) i.p. in a dose of 3 mg/kg every 3 days for 6 weeks. In group 2 the (remodeling group), AA was administered i.p. in a dose of 3 mg/kg every 3 days for 6 weeks, followed by 6 weeks remodeling (withdrawal) time. Urine and blood samples were collected; creatinine, BUN and P/C ratio were estimated. Renal specimens were processed for histological examination by H&E, Masson trichrome and immunohistochemical stain for PCNA. Results: in group 1 treated with AA, histological examination revealed that some tubules were atrophied collapsed while others were dilated. Tubular cells exhibited cytoplasmic vacuolation, flattening, necrosis and even shedding. The matrix between tubules was expanded. In the surrounding interstitial areas, mononuclear cell infiltration was observed. Tubulointerstitial cell proliferation was significantly increased as indicated by PCNA immunostaining. This correlates with worsening of renal parameters. However, in group 2, withdrawal of AA led to marked improvement of renal parameters, preservation of renal tissue and reduction of tubular damage and cellular infiltrate. Also, the number of PCNA-positive cells was significantly reduced. In conclusion, aristolochic acid is nephrotoxic and cessation of its administration leads to reduction of this toxicity as was evidenced by laboratory, histological and immunohistochemical methods.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74683214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Hyphaen thebaica (L) Seed on Some Haematological, Biochemical and Histological Features of Albino Rats","authors":"Shaimaa Ali, A. Abu-Almaaty, O. Abbas, M. Hassan","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000494","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that many diseases throughout the world are well treated with medicinal plants which have great protective and therapeutic effects. The effect of crude ethanolic extract of Hyphaene thebaica (L) Mart (HT) on some hematologicalindices and some biochemical parameters in normal albino rats in addition to the histological studies on liver and kidney tissues of these rats were investigated. \u0000Thirty two normal white male albino rats were divided into four groups of eight rats/each group. Group one served as the control group, group 2, 3 and 4 served as the test groups for the crude ethanolic extract of HT seeds to which oral intubation of 100 mg/Kg, 200 mg/Kg and 400 mg/Kg dosages of the extracts were administered, respectively. All the rats were fed with normal diet and water ad-libitum for 21 days then after then, all groups were sacrificed, two blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical parameters. Specimens from liver and kidney were collected for histopathological examination. \u0000Group (3; 200 mg/Kg) and group (4; 400 mg/Kg) revealed a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) increase in total WBCs, total RBCs, and haemoglobin concentration compared with the control. However, significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) was observed in the level of cholesterol and triglycerides after treating with 400 mg/Kg dose only when compared with the control. There was no significant change in platelets count, liver functions (alanine transaminase (ALT), asparatate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), Albumin and total protein) and kidney functions (urea and creatinine).Histopathological results of taken liver and kidney tissues revealed no significant changes when compared with the control group. \u0000The crude ethanolic extracts of HT seeds hashypolipidimic effect and may be able to boost immune system.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88377222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHPC) on Placenta in a Rat Model of Preeclampsia: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"Nada A. Mohammed, A. Ali, N. El-Tahawy, R. Rifaai","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000496","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Patients with severe PE exhibit significantly lower serum progesterone concentrations. There is limited information about the use of progesterone to manage or treat PE.Aim of the work: To investigate the possible protective and/or therapeutic effects of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) therapy in a rat model of PE and the possibly involved mechanisms that monitored biochemically, histologically, and immunohistochemically.Methods: Twenty-four pregnant female albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 rats/each): The control group, preeclampsia group (PE-group), prophylactic group, and treated group. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and 24-hour protein in urine were determined. Rats were sacrificed at day 22 of gestation and placentae were processed for paraffin.Results: The MAP and proteinuria in the PE-group were significantly higher compared to the control group. The prophylactic and treated groups showed significant decrease in MAP and proteinuria as compared to PE-group. In the treated group, they nearly returned to the normal levels. The histological examination of the PE-group showed dilated maternal blood sinuses, depositions of hemosiderin granules and numerous phagocytic trophoblastic cells containing cytoplasmic hemosiderin granules. Fetal blood vessels showed homogenous acidophilic material occluding their lumen, edema of the extra-embryonic fetal membranes and intra-villous tissue, and numerous nucleated RBCs. The prophylactic group showed some improvement while the treated group showed more or less normal maternal blood sinuses and interhemal membrane with few hemosiderin granules and few nucleated RBCs. There was a significant increase in caspase-3 expression and a significant decrease in the eNOS expression in PE-group compared to the control group. While the prophylactic and the treated groups had a significant decrease in caspase-3 expression and a significant increase in the eNOS expression compared to PE-group.Conclusion: The biochemical, morphological and morphometric findings suggested that the administration of 17-OHPC to preeclamptic rat decreased blood pressure, proteinuria, inflammation, apoptosis, and improved vascular eNOS expression in placenta. The 17-OHPC possessed curative effect on L-NAME induced PE changes in rat placenta which was more obvious than its protective effect.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"227 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76974004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Micronuclei Count as a Predictor of Cytotoxic Damage in Smoked and Smokeless Tobacco Users","authors":"P. Jeyaraj, S. Sehgal","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000495","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco usage in the smoked and smokeless forms has reached epidemic proportions in the Asian sub-continent often leading to oral cancer which is the sixth most common cause of cancer related deaths globally. Micronuclei (MN) count is a promising indicator for the cytotoxic effects of tobacco usage. Our study was aimed at establishing a correlation between the MN counts among various tobacco habits. \u0000Methods: Exfoliated cells were collected over a period of three years from 2015 to 2017, from a total of 400 individuals consisting of 100 individuals each of smokers, gutkha chewers, khaini chewers and controls. PAP staining was done and the number of cells with micronuclei was counted under 40 X, by two independent examiners. The mean MN count was compared using the ANOVA test for statistical analysis. \u0000Results: Significant increase in micronuclei count was observed in individuals with tobacco habit. Mean value of epithelial cells with micronuclei ± SD was 1.58 ± 0.24 for controls, 7.51 ± 0.59 for smokers, 13.95 ± 0.97 for khaini chewers and 15.45 ± 1.17 for gutkha users. \u0000Conclusion: The MN count can be used as an early indicator for susceptibility to Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as a non-invasive early detection tool for mass screening, for patient education as well as to check for efficacy of treatment.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"180 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80138724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histogenetic Study of Verruciform Xanthoma of the Gingiva","authors":"Hiromitsu Yamamoto, M. Kawai","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000507","url":null,"abstract":"Verruciform xanthoma is characterized macroscopically by papillomatous or verrucous hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelium and histopathologically by papillary epithelial hyperplasia and foam cell accumulation in the lamina propria between epithelial processes. This relatively rare lesion does not appear to be a true tumor, but rather an inflammatory event. Here, verruciform xanthoma of the gingiva was subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Notably, the cortical layer of the lesion exhibited a verrucous and granular outer surface, similar to a papilloma. Within the lesion, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and epithelial process extensions were observed, and the connective tissue between clubbed epithelial processes was filled with foam cells. These foam cells exhibited strong cytoplasmic and membrane expression of CD68, α1-antitrypsin, and macrophage scavenger receptor-1 (MSR-1), as well as human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL). The epithelial cells also expressed HLA-DR in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. By contrast, the expression of S-100 and CD1a in Langerhans cells was clearly reduced in the epithelium of the verruciform xanthoma, while the inflammatory infiltrating cell population comprised of mainly CD3or CD8-positive cells, with few CD20or CD4-positive cells. The increased lipid content of the cell membrane and concomitant epithelial hyperplasia causes cellular injury and leakage into the connective tissue consistent with dysregulated cellular immunity in the stratified squamous epithelium. Accordingly, it may be concluded that macrophages phagocytose these lipids and differentiate to foam cells.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"67 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86015892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light and Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of the Tongue of the Egyptian Mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon)","authors":"A. Selim, Rania Samir","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000499","url":null,"abstract":"The lingual papillae of (Herpestes ichneumon) have specialized shapes different from other carnivore mammals. So, the present study aims to demonstrate those specialized papillae. We observed that the external surface of the tongue has different papillae (filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate). The tongue was elongated; their two-third width was almost fixed. Numerous filiform papillae were distributed along the anterior two-thirds of the tongue while the fungiform papillae were distributed between the filiform ones. There are different types of filiform papillae which are serrate, smooth small and giant elongated. The conical papillae appear toward the posterior end of the tongue. The fungiform papillae have different shapes from small to large beginning from the anterior apex to the posterior. We observed the circumvallate papillae at the posterior surface. Also groups of mucus glands present. Conclusion: Herpestes ichneumon, have specialized shapes different from other carnivore mammals.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86222473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Icing Sugar Spleen/Perisplenitis Cartilaginea: A Case Report","authors":"S. Swami, Apurva A Bhure, Sandhya B Narwade, A. Valand","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000497","url":null,"abstract":"Spleen, being the largest organ of the mononuclear phagocytic system is involved in many systemic inflammations, generalized haematopoietic disorders as well as metabolic disorders. Perisplinitis, also known colloquially as “icing sugar spleen”, is a common autopsy finding. The capsule of the spleen becomes nodular, thickened and fibrotic and it appears as though the spleen has been dipped in white icing. Perisplenitis is seen as creamy yellow to white exudates or firm glistening “icing-like” plaques on the capsular surface, indicating active acute or regressed infection, respectively. It is usually secondary to generalised peritonitis or extension from local infection. It has been reported as part of Curtis-Fitz-Hugh syndrome or a common accompaniment to cirrhosis of the liver. Massive splenomegaly with sugar icing spleen is also seen in chronic myeloid leukemia and may be seen in sickle cell anaemia. Here we present a case of perisplinitis in a 65 years old male patient as an incidental autopsy finding.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83881761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Intraoperative Imprint Cytology in Ovarian Tumors","authors":"Mahmoud Melies, A. Agamia, D. Abdallah, Helmy Abelsattar Rady, A. Selim","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000523","url":null,"abstract":"Imprint cytology has been widely used in intraoperative diagnosis of various tumors. But its use in intraoperative diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms has not been widely recognized. There are only a few reports describing its accuracy and validity. We undertook this study to evaluate the accuracy of imprint cytology in the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms and correlate it with histopathological diagnosis, taking it to be the gold standard. The present study was on 100 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian masses. For every ovarian mass imprint cytology was done and then compared to the final histopathologic diagnosis. Imprint cytology in benign cases showed that 81.8% patients were negative and 18.2% patients were positive while in border line all cases were positive and in malignant group 11.9% patients were negative and 88.1% patients were positive. There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups where P<0.001. Imprint cytology was associated with the highest diagnostic accuracy (84.88% ) with sensitivity of 88.10% and specificity of 81.82% with a positive predictive value of 82.22% and a negative predictive value of 87.80%. Imprint cytology is a less expensive, simple, fast and reliable method for diagnosis of various ovarian neoplasms. The limitations we experienced in the study was insufficient cellularity in a few cases and interpretation errors especially in case of borderline epithelial tumors. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved by extensive sampling in case of large ovarian tumors. Careful architectural assessment should be done. It is also recommended to correlate with clinical and radiological findings for better results. Imprint cytology does not alter the quality of biopsy specimen. Materials obtained from imprint can be used for flow cytometry and cytogenetic studies.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89373329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocytes are Produced in Thick Membrane-Like Structures in Adult Mouse Blood","authors":"W. Kong, Zhu Xp, Han Xj, H. Wang","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000513","url":null,"abstract":"Erythrocyte-restricted progenitors are believed to have self-renewal capabilities. However, a recent study did not detect daughter pairs of erythrocyte progenitors, which questions the self-renewal ability of erythrocyte-restricted progenitors. In adult mouse blood, we identified a group of dense-eosin-stained thick membrane-like cellular structures that were from 30 to 400 μm in diameter and called them “erythrocyte sacs”. Erythropoiesis was initiated inside these sacs and terminated when the sac membrane broke to release hemoglobin+ and CD34+ functional erythrocytes. Numerous erythrocytes were produced, enucleated and released from one sac, which explains why the paired daughter cells were not detectable, and why the number of erythrocytes is about 1000 times higher than the sum of other blood cells. After erythrocytes were released, the thick sac membrane became fiber-like and degraded. Our data provide evidence that erythropoiesis occurs inside these erythrocyte sacs. These sacs do not renew and they produce only erythrocytes and no other types of blood cells.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74150190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron Microscopy of Human Endometrium during Window of Implantation","authors":"Satish Patki, S. Patki, R. Patil, Ujjwala Patki, Patil Ps, Sharma Rk, S. Walawalkar, N. S. Shah","doi":"10.4172/2157-7099.1000516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7099.1000516","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The implantation rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains 25 to 35 percent inspite of marked improvement in the technology. Endometrium is receptive for the process of implantation of the blastocyst only for a span of 3 to 4 days of window of implantation (WOI). During this WOI, certain morphological changes take place in the luminal endometrium. Present study is an attempt to study these ultra-structural changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) during hormone replacement cycles (HRT) as the implantation rates are higher in such cycles than in stimulated cycles. Material and Methods: Forty female infertile patients were given the hormone replacement regimen. 6 mg Estradiol valerate was given per day from day 2 of menstrual cycle for 8days. Daily progesterone was supplemented from day 9 by intra muscular route in a dose of 100 mg for 7 days. Sequential endometrial biopsies were performed on 2nd, 5th and 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial (SEM) tissues were subjected for scanning electron microscopy for studying the ultrastructural changes in the luminal endometrium. Results: SEM showed the changes in all the three components of the surface endometrium. The surface epithetlium showed appearance pinopodes all along the surface on 2nd day of progesterone. The pinopodes were found to be fully developed on 5th day and found to be regressed on 7th day of progesterone. The endometrial glands were observed to be maximally developed in number and diameter on 5th day of progesterone. The phenomenon of angiogenesis was also maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone. Conclusion: Endometrial receptivity is maximally expressed on 5th day of progesterone administration in estrogenic primed patients. Documentation of these changes in one cycle prior to the treatment cycle will help for personalized embryo transfer in oocyte/embryo donation and frozen embryo transfer cycle, to get higher pregnancy rates.","PeriodicalId":15528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology and Histology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89703399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}