Journal of Clinical Medicine Research最新文献

{"title":"Symptom Profile of Patients With Post-COVID-19 Conditions and Influencing Factors for Recovery.","authors":"Norihiro Matsuoka,&nbsp;Takuo Mizutani,&nbsp;Koji Kawakami","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine the factors that influence the improvement of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the biomarkers and post-COVID-19 symptoms status of 120 post-COVID-19 symptomatic outpatients (44 males and 76 females) visiting our hospital. This study was a retrospective analysis, so we analyzed the course of symptoms only for those who could follow the progress of the symptoms for 12 weeks. We analyzed the data including the intake of zinc acetate hydrate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main symptoms that remained after 12 weeks were, in descending order: taste disorder, olfactory disorder, hair loss, and fatigue. Fatigue was improved in all cases treated with zinc acetate hydrate 8 weeks later, exhibiting a significant difference from the untreated group (P = 0.030). The similar trend was observed even 12 weeks later, although there was no significant difference (P = 0.060). With respect to hair loss, the group treated with zinc acetate hydrate showed significant improvements 4, 8, and 12 weeks later, compared with the untreated group (P = 0.002, P = 0.002, and P = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zinc acetate hydrate may improve fatigue and hair loss as symptoms after contracting COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"116-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/d8/jocmr-15-116.PMC9990724.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadratus Lumborum Blockade for Postoperative Analgesia in Infants and Children Following Colorectal Surgery.","authors":"Katherine Manupipatpong,&nbsp;Anuranjan Ghimire,&nbsp;Nguyen K Tram,&nbsp;Richard Wood,&nbsp;Joseph D Tobias,&nbsp;Giorgio Veneziano","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4833","url":null,"abstract":"Background Adult studies have indicated that the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) may provide superior analgesia compared to single-shot neuraxial and other truncal peripheral nerve blocks. The technique is being increasingly used for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery. To date, these pediatric reports have been limited by small sample sizes, which may hinder the interpretation of results and assessment of safety. In this study, we retrospectively examined QLBs performed at a large tertiary care hospital for evidence of effectiveness and safety in the pediatric colorectal surgery population. Methods Patients less than 21 years of age who underwent abdominal surgery and received a unilateral or bilateral QLB over a 4-year period were identified in the electronic medical record. Patient demographics, surgery type, and QLB characteristics were retrospectively examined. Pain scores and opioid consumption were tabulated over the first 72-h postoperative period. QLB procedural complications or adverse events attributable to the regional anesthetic were obtained. Results The study cohort included 204 QLBs in 163 pediatric-aged patients (2 days to 19 years of age, median age of 2.4 years). The most common indication was unilateral blockade for ostomy creation or reversal. The majority of QLBs were performed using ropivacaine 0.2% with a median volume of 0.6 mL/kg. The median opioid requirement in oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) was 0.7, 0.5, and 0.3 MME/kg on the first, second, and third postoperative days, respectively. Median pain scores were less than 2 over each time period. Aside from block failure (incidence 1.2%), there were no complications or postoperative adverse events related to the QLBs. Conclusion This retrospective review in a large cohort of pediatric patients demonstrates that the QLB can be performed safely and efficiently in children undergoing colorectal surgery. The QLB provides adequate postoperative analgesia, has a high success rate, may limit postoperative opioid consumption, and is associated with a limited adverse effect profile.","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/75/jocmr-15-084.PMC9990722.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis Use and Its Association With Thirty- and Ninety-Day Hospital Readmissions for Patients Admitted for an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbation.","authors":"Ellen A Oseni,&nbsp;Miriam Blumenthal,&nbsp;Stephanie Izard,&nbsp;Michael Qiu,&nbsp;Anjali Mone,&nbsp;Arun Swaminath,&nbsp;Keith Sultan","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though viewed as a potentially safer palliative alternative to opioids, studies of cannabis use for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited. The impact of opioids on hospital readmissions for IBD has been extensively examined, but cannabis has not been similarly studied. Our goal was to examine the relationship between cannabis use and the risk of 30- and 90-day hospital readmissions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a review of all adults admitted for an IBD exacerbation from January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020 within the Northwell Health Care system. Patients with an IBD exacerbation were identified by primary or secondary ICD10 code (K50.xx or K51.xx) and administration of intravenous (IV) solumedrol and/or biologic therapy. Admission documents were reviewed for the terms \"marijuana\", \"cannabis\", \"pot\" and \"CBD\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,021 patient admissions met inclusion criteria, of whom 484 (47.40%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 542 (53.09%) were female. Pre-admission cannabis use was reported by 74 (7.25%) patients. Factors found to be associated with cannabis use included younger age, male gender, African American/Black race, current tobacco and former alcohol use, anxiety, and depression. Cannabis use was found to be associated with 30-day readmission among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but not among patients with CD, after respectively adjusting each final model by other factors (odds ratio (OR): 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06 - 5.79 and OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.22 - 1.62, respectively). Cannabis use was not found to be associated with 90-day readmission on univariable analysis (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.65 - 1.87) nor in the final multivariable model after adjusting for other factors (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.68 - 2.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-admission cannabis use was found to be associated with 30-day readmission among patients with UC, but not with 30-day readmission for patients with CD nor with 90-day readmission, following an IBD exacerbation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/c3/jocmr-15-099.PMC9990718.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9140328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Correlation Between Changes in Serum Albumin Levels and Breakfast Non-Protein Calorie/Nitrogen Ratio in Geriatric Patients.","authors":"Yasuko Fukuda, Mikako Ochi, Ryouko Kanazawa, Hiromu Nakajima, Keisuke Fukuo, Masanobu Nakai","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4848","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr4848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in nutrition intake by meal intake time of geriatric patients may affect albumin (Alb) synthesis ability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 36 geriatric patients (81.7 ± 7.7 years; 20 males and 16 females) as subjects. We calculated their dietary patterns (DPs) by computing intake by breakfast, lunch, and dinner, as well as by nutrient, for a weight of 1 kg/day for 4 weeks after hospitalization. We confirmed the relationship between \"DP with a positive correlation with breakfast protein\" and the change rate of albumin (Alb-RC). Then, we performed linear regression analysis to explore factors influencing Alb-RC and compared non-protein calorie/nitrogen ratio (NPC/N) between the upper and lower Alb-RC groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that Alb-RC was negatively correlated with \"DP with a positive correlation with breakfast protein\" (B = -0.055, P = 0.038) and positively correlated with breakfast NPC/N (B = 0.043, P = 0.029). Breakfast NPC/N tended to be higher in the upper group than in the lower group (P = 0.058).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that there was a positive correlation between Alb-RC levels and breakfast NPC/N in geriatric patients at the care mix institution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9e/50/jocmr-15-109.PMC9990721.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9140326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Serum Sodium at Acute Kidney Injury Onset Predicts In-Hospital Death.","authors":"Benedikt Marahrens,&nbsp;Leah Damsch,&nbsp;Rebecca Lehmann,&nbsp;Igor Matyukhin,&nbsp;Susann Patschan,&nbsp;Daniel Patschan","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4845","url":null,"abstract":"Background Over the last decades, acute kidney injury (AKI) has been identified as a potentially fatal diagnosis which substantially increases in-hospital mortality in the short term and morbidity/mortality in the long term. However, reliable biomarkers for predicting AKI-associated outcomes are still missing. In this study, we assessed whether serum sodium, measured at different time points during the in-hospital treatment period, provided prognostic information in AKI. Methods This was a retrospective, observational cohort study. AKI subjects were identified via the in-hospital AKI alert system. Serum sodium and potassium levels were documented at five pre-defined time points: hospital admission, AKI onset, minimum estimated glomerular filtration rate, minimum and maximum of the respective electrolyte during the treatment period. In-hospital death, the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) and recovery of kidney function were defined as endpoints. Results Patients who suffered in-hospital death (n = 37, 23.1%) showed significantly higher serum sodium levels at diagnosis of AKI (survivors: 145.7 ± 2.13 vs. non-survivors: 138.8 ± 0.636 mmol/L, P = 0.003). A logistic regression model was significant for serum sodium levels in patients with in-hospital death (X2, P = 0.003; odds ratio = 1.08 (1.022 - 1.141); R2 = 0.082; d = 0.089). This suggests an increase of the relative risk for in-hospital death by 8% with every unit of serum sodium increase. Patients with a sodium above the upper normal range at AKI diagnosis were also more likely to suffer in-hospital death (P = 0.001). Conclusion In summary, we present evidence that serum sodium, measured at time of AKI diagnosis, potentially serves as a predictor for in-hospital death in patients with AKI.","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/91/jocmr-15-090.PMC9990719.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratification of Acute Kidney Injury Risk, Disease Severity, and Outcomes by Electrolyte Disturbances.","authors":"Stefan Erfurt,&nbsp;Rebecca Lehmann,&nbsp;Igor Matyukhin,&nbsp;Benedikt Marahrens,&nbsp;Susann Patschan,&nbsp;Daniel Patschan","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects up to 30% of all hospitalized patients in Central Europe and the USA. New biomarker molecules have been identified in recent years; most studies performed so far however aimed to identify markers for diagnostic purposes. Serum electrolytes such as sodium and potassium are quantified in more or less all hospitalized patients. Aim of the article is to review the literature on the AKI predictive role of four distinct serum electrolytes in evolving/progressing AKI. The following databases were searched for references: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The period lasted from 2010 until 2022. The following terms were utilized: \"AKI\" AND \"sodium\" OR \"potassium\" OR \"calcium\" OR \"phosphate\" AND \"risk\" OR \"dialysis\" OR \"recovery of kidney function\" OR \"renal recovery\" OR \"kidney recovery\" OR \"outcome\". Finally, 17 references were selected. The included studies were mostly retrospective in nature. Particularly, hyponatremia has been shown to be associated with an overall poor clinical outcome. The association between dysnatremia and AKI is anything but consistent. Hyperkalemia and potassium variability are most likely AKI predictive. Serum calcium and AKI risk are associated in a U-shaped manner. Higher phosphate levels potentially predict AKI in non-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The literature suggests that admission electrolytes can offer valuable information about AKI onset during follow-up. Limited data are however available on follow-up characteristics such as the need for dialysis or the chance of renal recovery. These aspects are of particular interest from the nephrologist's perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ad/74/jocmr-15-059.PMC9990720.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and Novel Therapeutical Approaches of Classical Homocystinuria in Childhood With Special Focus on Enzyme Replacement Therapy, Liver-Directed Therapy and Gene Therapy.","authors":"Stefan Bittmann,&nbsp;Gloria Villalon,&nbsp;Elena Moschuring-Alieva,&nbsp;Elisabeth Luchter,&nbsp;Lara Bittmann","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical homocystinuria is a hereditary defect of the enzyme cystathionine beta synthase, which is produced in the liver. If this enzyme fails, the synthesis pathway of cysteine from methionine is interrupted, leading to the accumulation of homocysteine in the blood plasma and homocysteine in the urine. After birth, the children are unremarkable except for the characteristic laboratory findings. Symptoms rarely appear before the second year of life. The most common symptom is a prolapse of the crystalline lens. This finding is seen in 70% of untreated 10-year-old affected individuals. As the earliest symptom, psychomotor retardation occurs in the majority of patients already during the first two years of life. Limiting factors in terms of life expectancy are thromboembolism, peripheral arterial disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. These symptoms are due to the damage to the vessels caused by the elevated amino acid levels. About 30% suffer a thromboembolic event by the age of 20, about half by the age of 30. This review focus on present and new therapeutical approaches like the role of enzyme replacement with presentation of different novel targets in research like pegtibatinase, pegtarviliase, CDX-6512, erymethionase, chaperones, proteasome inhibitors and probiotic treatment with SYNB 1353. Furthermore, we analyze the role of liver-directed therapy with three dimensional (3D) bioprinting, liver bioengineering of liver organoids <i>in vitro</i> and liver transplantation. The role of different gene therapy options to treat and cure this extremely rare disease in childhood will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"76-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f4/5f/jocmr-15-076.PMC9990725.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9140331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Histopathology for Establishing Diagnostic Method and Clinical Therapy for Ovarian Carcinoma.","authors":"Takuma Hayashi, Ikuo Konishi","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4853","DOIUrl":"10.14740/jocmr4853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is considered the deadliest gynecological malignancy. It is typically diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease, with metastatic sites widely disseminated within the abdominal cavity. OC treatment is challenging due to the high rate of disease recurrence, which is further complicated by acquired chemoresistance caused by the reversion of the pathological variant. Therefore, more effective treatments are still being sought. Histologically, OC is classified into serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and transitional cell carcinomas and malignant Brenner tumor. Recent clinicopathological and molecular biological studies demonstrated that these subtypes differ in histogenesis and anti-tumor agent sensitivity. In Japan, the incidence rates of the histological types of OC, namely, serous carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma, are 39%, 12%, 16%, and 23%, respectively. Serous carcinoma is classified as high or low grade, with the former accounting for the overwhelming majority. In this study, the molecular pathological classification of OC has been described based on the characteristics of the two types of OC, types 1 and 2. Compared with Europe and the United States, Japan has a higher prevalence of type 1 OC and a lower prevalence of type 2 OC. The prevalence of each type of OC varies by race. It has been elucidated that the prevalence rate of each type of ovarian cancer in Asian countries is similar to that in Japan. Thus, OC is a heterogeneous disease. Furthermore, OC has been attributed to molecular biological mechanisms that vary among tissue subtypes. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct treatment based on accurate diagnoses of each tissue type and establish an optimal treatment strategy, and now is the transition period.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 2","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/48/jocmr-15-068.PMC9990723.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9140332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Sarcopenic Changes in YUBI-WAKKA Finger-Ring Test Results After One Year: A Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"Hitomi Fujii,&nbsp;Eitaro Kodani,&nbsp;Tomohiro Kaneko,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Nakamura,&nbsp;Hajime Sasabe,&nbsp;Yutaka Tamura","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The YUBI-WAKKA (finger-ring) test was developed and validated as a predictor of sarcopenia, physical disability, and even mortality. We focused on the sarcopenic status and subsequent changes after 1 year using this test and analyzed factors related to these changes. We also examined the robustness of this test by administering it alongside annual checkups held in local clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted the study to investigate the data of the annual checkup of National Health Insurance at primary care clinics in 2017 and 2018 in Tama City. We studied the participants in a retrospective observational way. The participants of the YUBI-WAKKA test were a total of 5,405 and 4,391 residents between the ages of 65 and 74 years. We first compared anthropological biomarkers of two groups, those that had calves larger than their own finger-ring and those that had calves smaller than their own finger-ring. Then, we compared these results to those from the previous year's 1,048 pairs of data. We were particularly interested in changes from larger to smaller, which we defined here as a sarcopenic change, and performed multivariate logistic regression analysis with forced entry methods to determine the related factors. We also calculated the concordant rate of the test results after 1 year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 14% (men) and 16% (women) each year received a positive (sarcopenic) YUBI-WAKKA test result. The factors related to this sarcopenic change in 1 year were low uric acid in men and a low or decreasing body mass index and increased hemoglobin and alanine aminotransferase in women. The concordant rates of the larger, just fit and smaller groups following finger-ring testing were 72.8%, 63.5%, and 52.0%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We propose that low uric acid and low or reducing body weight were related to low muscle mass and that ALT and Hb may be indirectly related to sarcopenia. These could be predictive factors to determine sarcopenia-prone individuals. The YUBI-WAKKA (finger-ring) test results and their change were considered to be a sustainable and reasonable way to use in the community with small effort to find those who are at high risk for sarcopenia among the elderly population and who may require intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c8/f8/jocmr-15-023.PMC9881493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9252343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Cytological Diagnosis With Evaluation of Pre- and Post-Therapeutic Fungal Morphological Characteristics in Mucormycosis.","authors":"Feroz Alam,&nbsp;Bushra Siddiqui,&nbsp;Naba Hasan,&nbsp;S H Arif,&nbsp;Veena Maheshwari,&nbsp;Kiran Alam,&nbsp;Mahboob Hasan,&nbsp;Roobina Khan,&nbsp;Parvez Anwer Khan,&nbsp;Aftab Ahmed,&nbsp;Surabhi Gautam","doi":"10.14740/jocmr4835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucormycosis necessitates rapid diagnosis and treatment. Microscopy and culture have been considered the gold standard for diagnosis but both take time of 3 - 5 days. KOH mount is another method for fungal identification that takes 1 - 2 h, but it has its own limitations. This study evaluated crush smear as a means of rapid cytological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Biopsy tissue (pre-treatment) from clinically suspicious mucormycosis patients (n = 52) was received in normal saline and crush/imprint smears were prepared; the remaining tissue was processed as routine biopsy specimen. After the rapid initial cytological identification, the patients were managed according to the standard clinical protocol. Random post-therapeutic biopsy samples of some of these patients (n = 19) were also obtained and again evaluated cytologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Crush smears showed sensitivity/specificity of 77.7%/75.0% with histopathology and 72.2%/62.5% with culture, respectively, while KOH mount had values of 71.4%/70.5% with histopathology and 79.3%/69.5% with culture, respectively. Degenerative fungal morphological characteristics and cellular inflammatory infiltrate (predominantly neutrophilic) in the vicinity of fungal hyphae were compared in pre- and post-treatment groups, and we found a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our preliminary results suggest that crush smear cytology is a simple, rapid, cost-effective and easily available method for diagnosing mucormycosis. Moreover, crush smears also demonstrated morphological alteration in hyphal structure and accompanying immune cell infiltration which may provide valuable insights into mechanism of therapy/host immune response against fungal pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":15431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/75/jocmr-15-031.PMC9881490.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10741575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}