Journal of Biomedical Optics最新文献

{"title":"Light-based therapy of infected wounds: a review of dose considerations for photodynamic microbial inactivation and photobiomodulation.","authors":"Nidhi Singh, Lothar Lilge","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.030901","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.030901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Chronic or surgical wound infections in healthcare remain a worldwide problem without satisfying options. Systemic or topical antibiotic use is an inadequate solution, given the increase in antimicrobial-resistant microbes. Hence, antibiotic-free alternatives are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) has been shown to be effective in wound disinfection. Among the impediments to the wide utility of aPDI for wounds is the high variability in reported photosensitizer and light dose to be effective and unintentional detrimental impact on the wound closure rates. Additionally, the time required by the healthcare professional to deliver this therapy is excessive in the present form of delivery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We reviewed the dose ranges for various photosensitizers required to achieve wound disinfection or sterilization while not unintentionally inhibiting wound closure through concomitant photobiomodulation (PBM) processes.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>To allow comparison of aPDI or PBM administered doses, we employ a unified dose concept based on the number of absorbed photons per unit volume by the photosensitizer or cytochrome C oxidase for aPDI and PBM, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One notes that for current aPDI protocols, the absorbed photons per unit volume for wound disinfection or sterilization can lead to inhibiting normal wound closure through PBM processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Options to reduce the dose discrepancy between effective aPDI and PBM are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"030901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible light polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography with balanced detection.","authors":"Bahar Baradaran, Adam J Black, Sarah R Heilbronner, Taner Akkin","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036002","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>We introduce a visible-light polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) system that operates in the spectral domain with balanced detection (BD) capability. While the BD improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the use of shorter wavelengths improves spatial resolution and birefringence sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to implement a new optical design, characterize its performance, and investigate the imaging potential for biological tissues.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The design utilizes a unique interferometer and a custom spectrometer that captures four highly aligned spectra with a single area/multi-line camera. Each pair of spectral lines is highly aligned, and their subtraction yields balanced detected spectra of the PS-OCT channels. The resulting channels provide multiple imaging contrasts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We measured the axial resolution and quantified the BD performance within the imaging depth. We also used a variable retarder to characterize the phase retardance and optic axis orientation measurements. Imaging results demonstrate the expected improvements for biological tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We successfully implemented BD for a high-resolution visible-light PS-OCT. Improved SNR and birefringence sensitivity allow better delineation of birefringent structures in biological tissues. This opens up new opportunities in the biomedical imaging field, especially for resolving structures and fibers that exhibit birefringence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of skin fibrosis in a murine model of systemic sclerosis with multifunctional optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Harshdeep Singh Chawla, Yanping Chen, Minghua Wu, Pavel Nikitin, Jessica Gutierrez, Chandra Mohan, Manmohan Singh, Salavat R Aglyamov, Shervin Assassi, Kirill V Larin","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036007","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic idiopathic disease that causes immune dysregulation, vasculopathy, and organ fibrosis that affects more than 3 million people in the US alone. The modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) is the current gold standard for diagnosing and staging skin fibrosis in SSc. However, mRSS is subjective, requires extensive training, and has high observer variability.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to provide a quantitative method for the assessment of fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We utilized optical coherence tomography (OCT), its extensions, optical coherence elastography (OCE), and OCT angiography (OCTA) to evaluate SSc-like fibrosis and therapy response in a mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed stiffness differences between fibrotic and normal mouse skin by week 4 ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.02</mn></mrow> </math> ) during the longitudinal study. In the treatment response study, OCE recorded higher elastic wave velocity in untreated fibrotic skin ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.04</mn></mrow> </math> ). Treated fibrotic skin stiffness was between normal and fibrotic levels. OCTA indicated significantly dilated microvasculature in fibrotic skin versus control ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>≪</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ), with more dilation in the treatment group ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>≪</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ) than in normal skin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that OCT and its extensions effectively analyze dermal fibrosis. OCE revealed increased stiffness in fibrotic skin, OCTA showed vessel dilation, and OCT noted morphological changes in fibrosis tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and preclinical evaluation of an endonasal Raman spectroscopy probe for transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma surgery.","authors":"Victor Blanquez-Yeste, Félix Janelle, Trang Tran, Katherine Ember, Guillaume Sheehy, Frédérick Dallaire, Eric Marple, Kirk Urmey, Moujahed Labidi, Frédéric Leblond","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>For most patients with pituitary adenomas, surgical resection represents a viable therapeutic option, particularly in cases with endocrine symptoms or local mass effects. Diagnostic imaging, including MRI and computed tomography, is employed clinically to plan pituitary adenoma surgery. However, these methods cannot provide surgical guidance information in real time to improve resection rates and reduce risks of damage to normal tissue during tumor debulking.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Here, we present the development of a handheld Raman spectroscopy system that can be seamlessly integrated with transsphenoidal surgery workflows to allow live discrimination of all normal intracranial anatomical structures, including the pituitary gland, and potentially tissue abnormalities such as adenomas.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A fiber-optic probe was developed with a form factor compatible with endoscopic systems for endonasal surgeries. The instrument was evaluated in an <i>ex vivo</i> experimental protocol designed to assess its ability to distinguish normal intracranial structures. A total of 274 <i>in situ</i> spectroscopic measurements were acquired from six lamb heads, targeting key anatomical structures encountered in surgery. Support vector machine models were developed to classify tissue types based on their spectral signatures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Binary classification models successfully distinguished the pituitary gland from other tissue structures with a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%. In addition, a four-class predictive model enabled <math><mrow><mo>></mo> <mn>95</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> accuracy <i>in situ</i> discrimination of four structures of most importance during pituitary adenoma tumor resection, i.e., the pituitary gland, the sella turcica (ST) bone, the optic chiasm, and the ST dura mater.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work sets the stage for the clinical deployment of Raman spectroscopy as an intraoperative real-time decision support system during transsphenoidal surgery, with future work focused on clinical integration and the generalization of the approach to include the detection of tissue abnormalities, such as pituitary adenomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"035004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive holographic sensor system for measuring stiffness of soft micro samples.","authors":"Hasan Berkay Abdioğlu, Yağmur Işık, Merve Sevgi, Ali Anil Demircali, Ufuk Gorkem Kirabali, Gokhan Bora Esmer, Huseyin Uvet","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Significance</b>: Measuring cell stiffness is essential in cellular biomechanics, particularly in understanding disease progression, including cancer metastasis and tissue mechanics. However, conventional techniques such as atomic force microscopy and optical stretching present limitations, including invasiveness, low throughput, and complex sample preparation. These factors restrict their applicability in dynamic and sensitive biological environments. <b>Aim</b>: This study introduces a noninvasive holographic sensor system for evaluating the stiffness of soft microscale samples. <b>Approach</b>: The proposed system integrates holographic imaging with acoustic stimulation using an off-axis Mach-Zehnder interferometer combined with bulk acoustic waves. This setup allows for label-free, high-throughput measurements while preserving sample integrity. The system was validated with polyacrylamide beads engineered to mimic cellular stiffness, ensuring precise and repeatable stiffness assessments. <b>Results</b>: Measurement errors caused by spatial variations were minimized through a structured imaging approach and a calibration strategy, improving uniformity across different regions. These corrections enhanced the consistency and reliability of stiffness assessments. Experimental validation demonstrated stable stiffness measurements regardless of sample size variations. Repeatability tests further confirmed the system's robustness, producing consistent results across multiple trials. <b>Conclusion</b>: The findings highlight the potential of this holographic sensor system in advancing cell biomechanics research, cancer diagnostics, and mechanobiology. By offering a noninvasive, high-throughput alternative for mechanical property assessments in biological samples, this method contributes to improved characterization of cellular stiffness in biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained real-time and video-rate interventional optical ultrasound imaging.","authors":"Robert M Stafford-Williams, Richard J Colchester, Semyon Bodian, Seán Cardiff, Efthymios Maneas, Edward Z Zhang, Paul C Beard, Manish K Tiwari, Adrien E Desjardins, Erwin J Alles","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036005","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Minimally invasive surgery offers improved recovery times and reduced complication risk compared with open surgery. However, effective image acquisition probes suitable for deployment in clinical workflows are key to the success of such procedures. Fiber-optic optical ultrasound (OpUS) offers strong potential for interventional image guidance due to its small lateral probe dimensions and high imaging resolution, but to date, such miniature imaging probes have only yielded M-mode (single image line) or still images.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Here, we present a motorized actuation approach to fiber-optic interventional OpUS imaging that enables sustained and video-rate imaging while retaining its small form factor.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A fabrication method utilizing a commercial laser cutter is presented that yields partially forward-emitting OpUS sources ideally suited for interventional image guidance. These transmitters were incorporated into a miniature imaging probe with a width of just <math><mrow><mn>600</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> </math> (1.8 mm with protective encapsulation) and combined with a linear actuator to synthesize an imaging aperture at the distal end of the probe through manipulation at its proximal end.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presented imaging paradigm achieved real-time, two-dimensional OpUS imaging at frame rates of up to 7 Hz and was capable of high-resolution imaging ( <math><mrow><mn>94</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> </math> axial and <math><mrow><mn>241</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> </math> lateral). The imaging performance of the presented imaging system was assessed using various imaging phantoms, and its clinical suitability was confirmed by emulating endobronchial OpUS imaging through a commercial bronchoscope.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results constitute the first-ever sustained, real-time dynamic imaging using a side-viewing single-element OpUS probe via rapid actuation, which enables a wide range of applications in minimally invasive surgical guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of the site-dependent cell viability in three-dimensional hepatocyte spheroids based on dynamic optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Ling Wang, Chang Wang, Qiansen Li, Rongzhen Fu, Chen Xu, Mingen Xu","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035003","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Hepatocyte spheroids (HCSs) are three-dimensional (3D) <i>in vitro</i> models that exhibit a multilayered structure with site-dependent cell viability. The non-invasive identification of HCS structure and viability variation is essential in fully exploiting the potential of HCS as a model for liver disease research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to achieve long-term, non-invasive monitoring and quantification of HCS cell viability based on dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) and enhance visualization of HCS internal activity with D-OCT pseudo-color images.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We employed D-OCT based on power spectrum analysis with an appropriate optical coherence tomography time-series image acquisition rate to obtain the motion frequency distribution of cells within HCS, thus distinguishing and segmenting the viable and necrotic cell layers based on the average frequency of cellular activity, and quantify the tissue activity using the pixel ratio of the segmented viable region to the total spheroid region. Meanwhile, we used the hue saturation value color mapping method to enable enhanced visualization and high-precision segmentation of viable and necrotic cell layers in HCS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The feasibility of the D-OCT method was verified experimentally with three sets of HCS samples (HCS-2000, HCS-5000, and HCS-10000) by comparison with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The cells in C3A-HCS were found to be active mainly in the range of 8 to 13 Hz by D-OCT detection. 3D D-OCT pseudo-color images of HCS with a maximum diameter of <math><mrow><mn>450</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>m</mi></mrow> </math> were displayed, and the 3D structures of necrotic and viable cell layers were identified by mask segmentation based on the average cell activity frequency threshold (10.5 Hz). The longitudinal necrotic process of three sets of HCS samples with differing inoculated cell numbers was monitored and quantified over 29 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The employed D-OCT method can be used to quantitatively evaluate the site-dependent cell viability in HCS and possesses the potential for long-term, non-invasive monitoring and quantification of HCS viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"035003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time multispectral imaging for intraoperative monitoring of coronary artery bypass graft patency.","authors":"Jens De Winne, Danilo Babin, Hiep Luong, Siri Luthman, Aleksandar M Milosavljević, Živojin Jonjev, Jan Hrubik, Lazar Velicki","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 16% of all deaths. A common treatment is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), though up to 12% of bypass grafts fail during surgery. Early detection of graft failure by intraoperative graft patency assessment could prevent severe complications.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to evaluate multispectral imaging (MSI) as a non-invasive, contrast-free method for assessing graft patency during CABG surgery.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>MSI was conducted at video rate during three CABG surgeries and two control surgeries. Two multispectral snapshot cameras captured images in the visible and near-infrared range. Tissue oxygenation and perfusion were derived using linear spectral unmixing and spectral indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant increases in both oxygenation ( <math><mrow><mn>12.22</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>10.24</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ) and perfusion index ( <math><mrow><mn>4.50</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1.79</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ) were observed after CABG, with no significant changes in control surgeries (oxygenation: <math><mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>0.36</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>2.57</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.041</mn></mrow> </math> ; perfusion: <math><mrow><mn>0.41</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1.33</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.482</mn></mrow> </math> ). These findings demonstrate the ability of MSI to indicate graft patency, in which the bypass graft restores oxygen-rich blood flow.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MSI could offer a valuable tool for surgeons, helping to reduce the risk of graft failure and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based classification of spatially resolved diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence spectra acquired on human skin for actinic keratoses and skin carcinoma diagnostics aid.","authors":"Valentin Kupriyanov, Walter Blondel, Christian Daul, Martin Hohmann, Grégoire Khairallah, Yury Kistenev, Marine Amouroux","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.035001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The incidence of keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs) is increasing every year, making the task of developing new methods for KC early diagnosis of utmost medical and economical importance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to evaluate the KC diagnostic aid performance of an optical spectroscopy device associated with a machine-learning classification method.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We present the classification performance of autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance optical spectra obtained <i>in vivo</i> from 131 patients on four histological classes: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), actinic keratosis (AK), and healthy (H) skin. Classification accuracies obtained by support vector machine, discriminant analysis, and multilayer perceptron in binary- and multi-class modes were compared to define the best classification pipeline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracy of binary classification tests was <math><mrow><mo>></mo> <mn>80</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> to discriminate BCC or SCC from H. For AK versus other classes, the classification achieved a 65% to 75% accuracy. In multiclass (three or four classes) classification modes, accuracy reached 57%. Fusion of decisions increased classification accuracies (up to 10 percentage point-increase), proving the interest of multimodal spectroscopy compared with a single modality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Such levels of classification accuracy are promising as they are comparable to those obtained by general practitioners in KC screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"035001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small intestinal bleeding prediction by spectral reconstruction through band selection.","authors":"Hsin-Yu Kuo, Riya Karmakar, Arvind Mukundan, Chu-Kuang Chou, Tsung-Hsien Chen, Chien-Wei Huang, Kai-Yao Yang, Hsiang-Chen Wang","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.036004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The identification of gastrointestinal bleeding holds significant importance in wireless capsule endoscopy examinations, primarily because bleeding is the most prevalent anomaly within the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, gastrointestinal bleeding serves as a crucial indicator or manifestation of various other gastrointestinal disorders, including ulcers, polyps, tumors, and Crohn's disease. Gastrointestinal bleeding may be classified into two categories: active bleeding, which refers to the presence of continuing bleeding, and inactive bleeding, which can potentially manifest in any region of the gastrointestinal system. Currently, medical professionals diagnose gastrointestinal bleeding mostly by examining complete wireless capsule endoscopy images. This approach is known to be demanding in terms of labor and time.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This research used white-light images (WLIs) obtained from 100 patients using the PillCam™ SB 3 capsule endoscope to identify and label the areas of bleeding seen in the WLIs.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A total of 152 photographs depicting bleeding and 182 images depicting non-bleeding were selected for analysis. In addition, hyperspectral imaging was used to transform WLI into hyperspectral images using spectral reconstruction through band selection. These images were then categorized into WLIs and hyperspectral images. The training set consisted of seven datasets, each including six spectra. These datasets were used to train the Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG-16) model, which was developed using a convolutional neural network. Subsequently, the model was tested, and its diagnostic accuracy was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracy rates for the respective measures are 83.1%, 65.8%, 66.2%, 72.2%, 73.7%, and 88%. The respective precision values are 78.5%, 47.5%, 30.6%, 59.5%, 77.7%, and 80.2%. The recall rates for the relevant data points are 83.3%, 67.9%, 86%, 74.2%, 68.6%, and 92.4%. The initial dataset comprises an image captured under white-light conditions, whereas the final dataset is the most refined spectral picture data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that employing spectral imaging within the wavelength range of 405 to 415 nm can enhance the accuracy of detecting small intestinal bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"036004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}