Journal of Biomedical Optics最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying age and spatial variations of bone marrow elasticity with noncontact optical coherence elastography.","authors":"Amandeep Singh, Manmohan Singh, Salavat R Aglyamov, David Mayerich, Kirill V Larin","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124505","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The bone marrow is essential in immune regulation to maintain body homeostasis and to control the trafficking of stromal cells. A framework of connective tissue upholds bone marrow cells to maintain their mechanical and functional integrity. The biomechanical characterization of the bone marrow may provide useful insights for diagnosing hematologic diseases such as primary myelofibrosis. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) can measure the mechanical properties of tissues with high spatiotemporal resolution and may be well-suited for characterizing bone marrow elasticity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We demonstrate the quantification of the elastic modulus of bone marrow <i>ex vivo</i> at different locations along the diaphysis of mice femurs and compare the elastic modulus within different age groups of mice femurs.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The femur bone marrow of CD1 mice, <math><mrow><mo>∼</mo> <mn>12</mn></mrow> </math> weeks old (young adult), 24 weeks old (mature adult), and 1 year old (old adult), was imaged with OCE ( <math><mrow><mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn></mrow> </math> femurs for each age group) to investigate the change in stiffness with age and location along the femur. A noncontact air-coupled ultrasound (ACUS) transducer induced elastic waves in the bone marrow, which were detected by phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography. The ACUS-OCE measurements were taken at three different locations along the diaphysis from the proximal end to the distal end to investigate the spatial stiffness variations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the stiffness of femoral bone marrow increases significantly with age ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ), but there was no significant difference in Young's moduli among the locations for young ( <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2.15</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.33</mn></mrow> </math> ), mature ( <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5.68</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.058</mn></mrow> </math> ), and old ( <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5.73</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.056</mn></mrow> </math> ) mice femur samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings show that OCE is promising for mapping the stiffness of the intact bone marrow and could be used for minimally invasive clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 12","pages":"124505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of the photodynamic therapy effect using digital breast phantoms from patients with breast cancer via Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Yugo Minegishi, Yasutomo Nomura","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34110","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents activated by near-infrared (NIR) light have demonstrated effectiveness in animal studies. However, clinical trials in humans are lacking due to biocompatibility concerns. We evaluate the feasibility of NIR-PDT using newly developed upconversion nanoparticles-quantum dots-Rose Bengal (UCQRs) through Monte Carlo simulations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Surgery, the primary treatment mode for breast cancer, often reduces the quality of life due to scarring, necessitating a less invasive alternative. Herein, we propose an NIR-PDT approach using UCQRs to treat patients with early-stage breast cancer. The treatment can be performed on patients in the prone position using light irradiation alone, significantly reducing the burden on patients. In NIR-PDT using UCQR, a treatment depth of 3 to 4 cm can be expected based on the penetration depth of the 808-nm excitation light.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We created 150 digital breast phantoms by reconstructing breast slice images from breast computed tomography scans. These phantoms were classified by breast density and tumor depth, and simulations were performed on representative models. The therapeutic effect of NIR-PDT was assessed based on the amount of singlet oxygen generated, calculated from the fluence in the tumor voxels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The simulations indicated that tumor depth had a greater impact on the therapeutic outcomes compared with breast contour or structure. In all phantoms where tumors with a 7-mm diameter were embedded at depths of 15 to 25 mm, the generated singlet oxygen exceeded the cell death threshold across all tumor voxels. Shallow tumors between 15 and 20 mm can be treated with 15 or fewer irradiations, whereas deep tumors between 20 and 25 mm are estimated to require up to 45 irradiations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This virtual clinical trial using 150 digital phantoms suggests that NIR-PDT with UCQRs offers a promising, minimally invasive alternative for treating breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12456865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward fluorescence digital twins: multi-parameter experimental validation of fluorescence Monte Carlo simulations using solid phantoms.","authors":"Mayna H Nguyen, Ethan P M LaRochelle, Edwin A Robledo, Alberto J Ruiz","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34104","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>As fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) gains clinical adoption, robust and experimentally validated computational models for tissue fluorescence are increasingly essential. Although there have been several developments in modeling fluorescence with Monte Carlo simulations, the scope of the experimental validation has been limited in the parameters tested and phantoms used.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to present and experimentally validate a graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated, voxel-based Monte Carlo fluorescence framework capable of modeling varying fluorophore concentrations, optical properties, and complex three-dimensional (3D) geometries.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A two-step approach (MCX-ExEm) based on Monte Carlo eXtreme was developed for simulating fluorescence. Both commercial reference targets and custom 3D-printed phantoms with well-characterized optical properties were imaged for varying parameters-including absorption, scattering, fluorophore concentrations, and geometries-and compared against simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strong agreement is observed between simulated and experimental fluorescence across all tested parameters. MCX-ExEm accurately captures nonlinear quenching at high fluorophore concentrations, variations driven by scattering and absorption, intensity scaling with volume, and depth-dependent attenuation and resolution. Minor deviations occur primarily under low-scattering or low-absorption regimes, where optical characterization presents greater uncertainties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By integrating experimentally validated simulations with a broad range of solid phantoms, this framework establishes a foundation for developing fluorescence digital twins, enabling faster and more systemic testing of fluorescence imaging systems. These findings can help accelerate the design and optimization of FGS and other fluorescence-based biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-enabled fluorescence imaging for oral cancer margin classification in preclinical models.","authors":"Hikaru Kurosawa, Natalie J Won, Jack B Wunder, Sujit Patil, Mandolin Bartling, Esmat Najjar, Sharon Tzelnick, Brian C Wilson, Jonathan C Irish, Michael J Daly","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34109","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Oral cancer surgery demands precise margin delineation to ensure complete tumor resection (healthy tissue margin <math><mrow><mo>></mo> <mn>5</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>mm</mi></mrow> </math> ) while preserving postoperative functionality. Inadequate margins most frequently occur at the deep surgical margins, where tumors are located beneath the tissue surface; however, current fluorescent optical imaging systems are limited by their inability to quantify subsurface structures. Combining structured light techniques with deep learning may enable intraoperative margin assessment of 3D surgical specimens.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>A deep learning (DL)-enabled spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) system is investigated to provide subsurface depth quantification of fluorescent inclusions.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A diffusion theory-based numerical simulation of SFDI was used to generate synthetic images for DL training. ResNet and U-Net convolutional neural networks were developed to predict margin distance (subsurface depth) and fluorophore concentration from fluorescence images and optical property maps. Validation was conducted using <i>in silico</i> SFDI images of composite spherical harmonics, as well as simulated and phantom datasets of patient-derived tongue tumor shapes. Further testing was done in <i>ex vivo</i> animal tissue with fluorescent inclusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For oral cancer optical properties, the U-Net DL model predicted the overall depth, concentration, and closest depth with errors of <math><mrow><mn>1.43</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1.84</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>mm</mi></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mn>2.26</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1.63</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo>/</mo> <mi>ml</mi></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mn>0.33</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.31</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>mm</mi></mrow> </math> , respectively, using <i>in silico</i> patient-derived tongue shapes with closest depths below 10 mm. In PpIX fluorescent phantoms of inclusion depths up to 8 mm, the closest subsurface depth was predicted with an error of <math><mrow><mn>0.57</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.38</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>mm</mi></mrow> </math> . For <i>ex vivo</i> tissue, the closest distance to the fluorescent inclusions with depths up to 6 mm was predicted with an error of <math><mrow><mn>0.59</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.53</mn> <mtext>  </mtext> <mi>mm</mi></mrow> </math> .</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A DL-enabled SFDI system trained with <i>in silico</i> images demonstrates promise in providing margin assessment of oral cancer tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12431673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging uses of 5-aminolevulinic-acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in medicine: a review of multifaceted, ubiquitous, molecular diagnostic, therapeutic, and theranostic opportunities.","authors":"Brian W Pogue, Bin Chen, Marien I Ochoa, Arthur Petusseau, Aiping Liu, Angela L F Gibson, Edward V Maytin, Brian C Wilson","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34112","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a medical pro-drug used to induce the intracellular production of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) via the heme synthesis pathway. Discoveries in mechanisms and developments in novel applications still continue with this uniquely endogenous intracellular optical system.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Understanding and exploiting the growing uses can be advanced through a survey of knowledge on the mechanisms and biokinetics of 5-ALA administration, partitioning, PpIX production, localization changes, clearance mechanisms, biological interactions, and methods for unique activation methods in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The current medical uses of PpIX are reviewed, separating into therapeutic and diagnostic areas, and the expansion and lateral growth areas are outlined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initially approved for photodynamic therapy of skin lesions, fluorescence diagnostic indications later developed to guide surgical resection in bladder cancer and glioma. Today, the 5-ALA-PpIX system's spatial-temporal complexity in photophysics and pharmacokinetics continues to lead to more uses, such as photodynamic priming to alter tissue, fast intracellular tissue oxygen sensing, infection, and burn imaging and therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 5-ALA-PpIX system has broad potential partly because of the ubiquity of the heme synthesis across many cell/tissue types, combined with natural selectivity, unique pharmacokinetics, bright fluorescence, and sufficiently strong singlet oxygen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence elastography detects increased corneal stiffness in nonhuman primates with experimental glaucoma.","authors":"Amandeep Singh, Achuth Nair, Zhihui She, Mohammed Dehshiri, Manmohan Singh, Salavat Aglyamov, Nimesh Patel, Kirill Larin","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124508","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by progressive optic nerve damage. Early detection of glaucoma is key to effective intervention, but an incomplete clinical understanding of the development of glaucoma complicates the selection of diagnostic criteria. Prolonged ocular hypertension due to glaucoma can impact the biomechanical properties of ocular tissues, including the cornea. We examine whether experimental glaucoma causes changes in the biomechanical properties of the cornea.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We determined the biomechanical properties of the cornea in a nonhuman primate model of unilateral experimental glaucoma and compared them with the fellow, untreated control eyes using optical coherence elastography (OCE) to determine if prolonged intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation causes changes in corneal stiffness.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Experimental glaucoma was induced in one eye (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>, <math><mrow><mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn></mrow> </math> ) by lasering the trabecular meshwork, whereas the fellow eye was used as a control. Both eyes were imaged with wave-based OCE to investigate the inter-ocular difference in stiffness. Measurements were taken at three different frequencies with quasi-harmonic excitation, and central corneal thickness was measured along with IOP in each eye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show a significant ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ) increase in wave speed in the experimental glaucoma eye compared with the control eye for both subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results show the potential of wave-based OCE methods for assessing stiffness changes in the cornea caused by remodeling due to chronic pressure elevation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 12","pages":"124508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12513859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of photobleaching effects in photoacoustic imaging using noise agnostic, platform-flexible deep-learning methods.","authors":"Avijit Paul, Christopher Nguyen, Tayyaba Hasan, Srivalleesha Mallidi","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34102","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Molecular photoacoustic (PA) imaging with exogenous dyes faces a significant challenge due to the photobleaching of the dye that can compromise tissue visualization, particularly in 3D imaging. Addressing this limitation can revolutionize the field by enabling safer, more reliable imaging and improve real-time visualization, quantitative analysis, and clinical decision-making in various molecular PA imaging applications such as image-guided surgeries.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We tackle photobleaching in molecular PA imaging by introducing a platform-flexible deep learning framework that enhances SNR from single-laser pulse data, preserving contrast and signal integrity without requiring averaging of signals from multiple laser pulses.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The generative deep learning network was trained with an LED-illuminated PA image dataset and tested on acoustic resolution PA microscopy images obtained with single-laser pulse illumination. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> samples were first tested for demonstrating SNR improvement, and then, a 3D-scanning experiment with an ICG-filled tube was conducted to depict the usability of the technique in reducing the impact of photobleaching during PA imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our generative deep learning model outperformed traditional nonlearning, filter-based algorithms and the U-Net deep learning network when tested with <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> single pulse-illuminated images, showing superior performance in terms of signal-to-noise ratio ( <math><mrow><mn>93.54</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>6.07</mn></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mn>92.77</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>10.74</mn></mrow> </math> compared with <math><mrow><mn>86.35</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>3.97</mn></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mn>84.52</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>11.82</mn></mrow> </math> with U-Net for kidney, and tumor, respectively) and contrast-to-noise ratio ( <math><mrow><mn>11.82</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>4.42</mn></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mn>9.9</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>4.41</mn></mrow> </math> compared with <math><mrow><mn>7.59</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.82</mn></mrow> </math> , and <math><mrow><mn>6.82</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>2.12</mn></mrow> </math> with U-Net for kidney, and tumor respectively). The use of cGAN with single-pulse rapid imaging has the potential to prevent photobleaching ( <math><mrow><mn>9.51</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>3.69</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> with cGAN, and <math><mrow><mn>35.14</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>5.38</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> with long-time laser exposure by averaging 30 pulses), enabling accurate, quantitative imaging suitable for real-time implementation, and improved clinical decision support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrate the potential of a platform-flexible generative deep learning-based approach to mitigate the effects of photobleaching in PA imaging by enhancing signal-to-noise ratio from single pulse-illuminated data, the","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method for retrospective, respiratory-gated, anatomical optical coherence tomography for airway wall elastography.","authors":"Srikamal J Soundararajan, Yinghan Xu, Nicusor Iftimia, Carlton J Zdanski, Amy L Oldenburg","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124502","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.12.124502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Airway wall elastography (AWE) is promising for evaluating upper airway obstructive disorders and airway injuries. Technologies for AWE based on endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) provide micron-scale resolution to capture airway wall deformations during tidal breathing. Combined with an intraluminal pressure probe, these technologies can provide quantitative AWE as part of a routine bronchoscopy exam. However, scan times must be of short duration to mitigate risk.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our objective is to reduce the scan time necessary to perform OCT elastography over a 50 mm length of the airway wall to less than 1 min.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We introduce an innovative, 4D OCT imaging technique that scans in a sawtooth pattern to revisit each axial position of the airway over a diversity of respiratory phases. An anatomical (long-range) OCT system capable of capturing cross-sections of the upper airway was employed in conjunction with an intraluminal pressure catheter. Scanned data are retrospectively sorted into axial bins with high- and low-pressure thresholds used to compute cross-sectional compliance (CC) within each bin across the length of the upper airway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4D OCT was tested in simulation, on rigid and deformable samples, and on <i>in vivo</i> pigs undergoing bronchoscopy. A precise CC measurement with a 0.5 mm sampling resolution over a 50 mm scan length in under 42 s was achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The retrospective, respiratory-gated 4D aOCT scanning method is a minimally invasive technique for measuring airway wall CC. The method exhibited high precision in controlled models, effectively detected elastic heterogeneity, and yielded clinically relevant results in <i>in vivo</i> pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 12","pages":"124502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneer of Biomedical Optics: Brian C. Wilson.","authors":"Brian W Pogue, Lothar Lilge, Stefan Andersson-Engels, Steen J Madsen, Malini C Olivo, Alex Vitkin","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34101","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S3.S34101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The editorial introduces the special issue honoring Brian C. Wilson as a pioneer of biomedical optics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 3","pages":"S34101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12493121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust lumen segmentation based on temporal residual U-Net using spatiotemporal features in intravascular optical coherence tomography images.","authors":"Mingrui He, Yin Yu, Kun Liu, Rongyang Zhu, Qingrui Li, Yanjia Wang, Shanshan Zhou, Hao Kuang, Junfeng Jiang, Tiegen Liu, Zhenyang Ding","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.10.106003","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.10.106003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Lumen segmentation in intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) images is essential for quantifying vascular stenosis severity, location, and length. Current methods relying on manual parameter tuning or single-frame spatial features struggle with image artifacts, limiting clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop a temporal residual U-Net (TR-Unet) leveraging spatiotemporal feature fusion for robust IVOCT lumen segmentation, particularly in artifact-corrupted images.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We integrate convolutional long short-term memory networks to capture vascular morphology evolution across pullback sequences, enhanced ResUnet for spatial feature extraction, and coordinate attention mechanisms for adaptive spatiotemporal fusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By processing 2451 clinical images, the proposed TR-Unet model shows a well performance as Dice coefficient = 98.54%, Jaccard similarity (JS) = 97.17%, and recall = 98.26%. Evaluations on severely blood artifact-corrupted images reveal improvements of 3.01% (Dice), 1.3% (ACC), 5.24% (JS), 2.15% (recall), and 2.06% (precision) over competing methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TR-Unet establishes a robust and effective spatiotemporal fusion paradigm for IVOCT segmentation, demonstrating significant robustness to artifacts and providing architectural insights for temporal modeling optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 10","pages":"106003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}