Journal of Biomedical Optics最新文献

{"title":"Compact and cost-effective laser-powered speckle contrast optical spectroscopy fiber-free device for measuring cerebral blood flow.","authors":"Yu Xi Huang, Simon Mahler, Maya Dickson, Aidin Abedi, Julian Michael Tyszka, Yu Tung Lo, Jonathan Russin, Charles Liu, Changhuei Yang","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.6.067001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.6.067001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>In the realm of cerebrovascular monitoring, primary metrics typically include blood pressure, which influences cerebral blood flow (CBF) and is contingent upon vessel radius. Measuring CBF noninvasively poses a persistent challenge, primarily attributed to the difficulty of accessing and obtaining signal from the brain.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our study aims to introduce a compact speckle contrast optical spectroscopy device for noninvasive CBF measurements at long source-to-detector distances, offering cost-effectiveness, and scalability while tracking blood flow (BF) with remarkable sensitivity and temporal resolution.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The wearable sensor module consists solely of a laser diode and a board camera. It can be easily placed on a subject's head to measure BF at a sampling rate of 80 Hz.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the single-fiber-based version, the proposed device achieved a signal gain of about 70 times, showed superior stability, reproducibility, and signal-to-noise ratio for measuring BF at long source-to-detector distances. The device can be distributed in multiple configurations around the head.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given its cost-effectiveness, scalability, and simplicity, this laser-centric tool offers significant potential in advancing noninvasive cerebral monitoring technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 6","pages":"067001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-free fluorescence lifetime imaging for the assessment of cell viability in living tumor fragments.","authors":"Jason T Smith, Chao J Liu, Jeannine Degnan, Jonathan N Ouellette, Matthew W Conklin, Anna V Kellner, Christina M Scribano, Laura Hrycyniak, Jonathan D Oliner, Chris Zahm, Eric Wait, Kevin W Eliceiri, John Rafter","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S2.S22709","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S2.S22709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>To enable non-destructive longitudinal assessment of drug agents in intact tumor tissue without the use of disruptive probes, we have designed a label-free method to quantify the health of individual tumor cells in excised tumor tissue using multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (MP-FLIM).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Using murine tumor fragments which preserve the native tumor microenvironment, we seek to demonstrate signals generated by the intrinsically fluorescent metabolic co-factors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) correlate with irreversible cascades leading to cell death.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We use MP-FLIM of NAD(P)H and FAD on tissues and confirm viability using standard apoptosis and live/dead (Caspase 3/7 and propidium iodide, respectively) assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through a statistical approach, reproducible shifts in FLIM data, determined through phasor analysis, are shown to correlate with loss of cell viability. With this, we demonstrate that cell death achieved through either apoptosis/necrosis or necroptosis can be discriminated. In addition, specific responses to common chemotherapeutic treatment inducing cell death were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data demonstrate that MP-FLIM can detect and quantify cell viability without the use of potentially toxic dyes, thus enabling longitudinal multi-day studies assessing the effects of therapeutic agents on tumor fragments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 Suppl 2","pages":"S22709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11177118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative phase imaging techniques for measuring scattering properties of cells and tissues: a review-part I.","authors":"Neha Goswami, Mark A Anastasio, Gabriel Popescu","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S2.S22713","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S2.S22713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) techniques offer intrinsic information about the sample of interest in a label-free, noninvasive manner and have an enormous potential for wide biomedical applications with negligible perturbations to the natural state of the sample <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to present an in-depth review of the scattering formulation of light-matter interactions as applied to biological samples such as cells and tissues, discuss the relevant quantitative phase measurement techniques, and present a summary of various reported applications.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We start with scattering theory and scattering properties of biological samples followed by an exploration of various microscopy configurations for 2D QPI for measurement of structure and dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reviewed 157 publications and presented a range of QPI techniques and discussed suitable applications for each. We also presented the theoretical frameworks for phase reconstruction associated with the discussed techniques and highlighted their domains of validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We provide detailed theoretical as well as system-level information for a wide range of QPI techniques. Our study can serve as a guideline for new researchers looking for an exhaustive literature review of QPI methods and relevant applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 Suppl 2","pages":"S22713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11257415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging 3D convolutional neural network and 3D visible-near-infrared multimodal imaging for enhanced contactless oximetry.","authors":"Wang Liao, Chen Zhang, Belmin Alić, Alina Wildenauer, Sarah Dietz-Terjung, Jose Guillermo Ortiz Sucre, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Christoph Schöbel, Karsten Seidl, Gunther Notni","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S3.S33309","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S3.S33309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Monitoring oxygen saturation ( <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> ) is important in healthcare, especially for diagnosing and managing pulmonary diseases. Non-contact approaches broaden the potential applications of <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> measurement by better hygiene, comfort, and capability for long-term monitoring. However, existing studies often encounter challenges such as lower signal-to-noise ratios and stringent environmental conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop and validate a contactless <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> measurement approach using 3D convolutional neural networks (3D CNN) and 3D visible-near-infrared (VIS-NIR) multimodal imaging, to offer a convenient, accurate, and robust alternative for <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> monitoring.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We propose an approach that utilizes a 3D VIS-NIR multimodal camera system to capture facial videos, in which <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> is estimated through 3D CNN by simultaneously extracting spatial and temporal features. Our approach includes registration of multimodal images, tracking of the 3D region of interest, spatial and temporal preprocessing, and 3D CNN-based feature extraction and <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a breath-holding experiment involving 23 healthy participants, we obtained multimodal video data with reference <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> values ranging from 80% to 99% measured by pulse oximeter on the fingertip. The approach achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.31% and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.64 in the experiment, demonstrating good agreement with traditional pulse oximetry. The discrepancy of estimated <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> values was within 3% of the reference <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> for <math><mrow><mo>∼</mo> <mn>80</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> of all 1-s time points. Besides, in clinical trials involving patients with sleep apnea syndrome, our approach demonstrated robust performance, with an MAE of less than 2% in <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> estimations compared to gold-standard polysomnography.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed approach offers a promising alternative for non-contact oxygen saturation measurement with good sensitivity to desaturation, showing potential for applications in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 Suppl 3","pages":"S33309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the bias: how skin color influences oxygen saturation readings via Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Suvvi K Narayana Swamy, Chong Liu, Ricardo Correia, Barrie R Hayes-Gill, Stephen P Morgan","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S3.S33308","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.S3.S33308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Our goal is to understand the root cause of reported oxygen saturation ( <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> ) overestimation in heavily pigmented skin types to devise solutions toward enabling equity in pulse oximeter designs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to gain theoretical insights into the effect of skin tone on <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> <mtext>-</mtext> <mi>R</mi></mrow> </math> curves using a three-dimensional, four-layer tissue model representing a finger.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A finger tissue model, comprising the epidermis, dermis, two arteries, and a bone, was developed using a Monte Carlo-based approach in the MCmatlab software. Two skin tones-light and dark-were simulated by adjusting the absorption and scattering properties within the epidermal layer. Following this, <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> <mtext>-</mtext> <mi>R</mi></mrow> </math> curves were generated in various tissue configurations, including transmission and reflection modes using red and infrared wavelengths. In addition, the influence of source-detector (SD) separation distances on both light and dark skin tissue models was studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In transmission mode, <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> <mtext>-</mtext> <mi>R</mi></mrow> </math> curves did not deviate with changes in skin tones because both pulsatile and non-pulsatile terms experienced equal attenuation at red and infrared wavelengths. However, in reflection mode, measurable variations in <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> <mtext>-</mtext> <mi>R</mi></mrow> </math> curves were evident. This was due to differential attenuation of the red components, which resulted in a lower perfusion index at the red wavelength in darker skin. As the SD separation increased, the effect of skin tone on <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>SpO</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> <mtext>-</mtext> <mi>R</mi></mrow> </math> curves in reflection mode became less pronounced, with the largest SD separation exhibiting effects similar to those observed in transmission mode.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Monte Carlo simulations have demonstrated that different light pathlengths within the tissue contribute to the overestimation of <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> in people with darker skin in reflection mode pulse oximetry. Increasing the SD separation may mitigate the effect of skin tone on <math> <mrow><msub><mi>SpO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> readings. These trends were not observed in transmission mode; however, further planned research using more complex models of the tissue is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 Suppl 3","pages":"S33308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11358849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mueller matrix-based characterization of cervical tissue sections: a quantitative comparison of polar and differential decomposition methods.","authors":"Nishkarsh Kumar, Jeeban Kumar Nayak, Asima Pradhan, Nirmalya Ghosh","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052916","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052916","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Quantitative optical polarimetry has received considerable recent attention owing to its potential for being an efficient diagnosis and characterizing tool with potential applications in biomedical research and various other disciplines. In this regard, it is crucial to validate various Mueller matrix (MM) decomposition methods, which are utilized to extract and quantify the intrinsic individual polarization anisotropy properties of various complex optical media.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To quantitatively compare the performance of both polar and differential MM decomposition methods for probing the structural and morphological changes in complex optical media through analyzing their intrinsic individual polarization parameters, which are extracted using the respective decomposition algorithms. We also intend to utilize the decomposition-derived anisotropy parameters to distinguish among the cervical tissues with different grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and to characterize the healing efficiency of an organic crystal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach: &lt;/strong&gt;Polarization MM of the cervical tissues with different grades of CIN and the different stages of the self-healing crystal are recorded with a home-built MM imaging setup in the transmission detection geometry with a spatial resolution of &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;≈&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;400&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;  &lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mi&gt;nm&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. The measured MMs are then processed with both the polar and differential MM decomposition methods to extract the individual polarization parameters of the respective samples. The derived polarization parameters are further analyzed to validate and compare the performance of both the MM decomposition methods for probing and characterizing the structural changes in the respective investigated optical media through their decomposition-derived intrinsic individual polarization properties.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Pronounced differences in the decomposed-derived polarization anisotropy parameters are observed for cervical tissue sections with different grades of CIN. While a significant increase in the depolarization parameter &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; is obtained with the increment of CIN stages for both the polar [&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.32&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; for CIN grade one (CIN-I) and &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.53&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; for CIN grade two (CIN-II))] and differential (&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.35&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; for CIN-I and &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.56&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; for CIN-II) decomposition methods, a trend reversal is seen for the linear diattenuation parameter &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, indicating the structural distortion in the cervical morphology due to the CIN disease. More importantly, with the differential decomposition algorithm, the magnitude of the derived &lt;math&gt;","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 5","pages":"052916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10849224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speculum-free portable preterm imaging system.","authors":"Tananant Boonya-Ananta, Mariacarla Gonzalez, Ajmal Ajmal, Vinh Nguyen Du Le, Edward DeHoog, Michael J Paidas, Arumugam Jayakumar, Jessica C Ramella-Roman","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052918","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Preterm birth is defined as a birth before 37 weeks of gestation and is one of the leading contributors to infant mortality rates globally. Premature birth can lead to life-long developmental impairment for the child. Unfortunately, there is a significant lack of tools to diagnose preterm birth risk, which limits patient care and the development of new therapies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a speculum-free, portable preterm imaging system (PPRIM) for cervical imaging; testing of the PPRIM system to resolve polarization properties of birefringent samples; and testing of the PPRIM under an IRB on healthy, non-pregnant volunteers for visualization and polarization analysis of cervical images.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The PPRIM can perform <math><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math> Mueller-matrix imaging to characterize the remodeling of the uterine cervix during pregnancy. The PPRIM is built with a polarized imaging probe and a flexible insertable sheath made with a compatible flexible rubber-like material to maximize comfort and ease of use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PPRIM device is developed to meet specific design specifications as a speculum-free, portable, and comfortable imaging system with polarized imaging capabilities. This system comprises a main imaging component and a flexible silicone inserter. The inserter is designed to maximize comfort and usability for the patient. The PPRIM shows high-resolution imaging capabilities at the 20 mm working distance and 25 mm circular field of view. The PPRIM demonstrates the ability to resolve birefringent sample orientation and full field capture of a healthy, non-pregnant cervix.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The development of the PPRIM aims to improve access to the standard of care for women's reproductive health using polarized Mueller-matrix imaging of the cervix and reduce infant and maternal mortality rates and better quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 5","pages":"052918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10821769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of topical methylene blue to image nuclear morphometry with a low-cost scanning darkfield microendoscope.","authors":"Huayu Hou, Jennifer Carns, Richard A Schwarz, Ann M Gillenwater, Sharmila Anandasabapathy, Rebecca R Richards-Kortum","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.050501","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.050501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Fiber-optic microendoscopy is a promising approach to noninvasively visualize epithelial nuclear morphometry for early cancer and precancer detection. However, the broader clinical application of this approach is limited by a lack of topical contrast agents available for <i>in vivo</i> use.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability to image nuclear morphometry <i>in vivo</i> with a novel fiber-optic microendoscope used together with topical application of methylene blue (MB), a dye with FDA approval for use in chromoendoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The low-cost, high-resolution microendoscope implements scanning darkfield imaging without complex optomechanical components by leveraging programmable illumination and the rolling shutter of the image sensor. We validate the integration of our system and MB staining for visualizing epithelial cell nuclei by performing <i>ex vivo</i> imaging on fresh animal specimens and <i>in vivo</i> imaging on healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that scanning darkfield imaging significantly reduces specular reflection and resolves epithelial nuclei with enhanced image contrast and spatial resolution compared to non-scanning widefield imaging. The image quality of darkfield images with MB staining is comparable to that of fluorescence images with proflavine staining.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our approach enables real-time microscopic evaluation of nuclear patterns and has the potential to be a powerful noninvasive tool for early cancer detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 5","pages":"050501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D polarization-interference holographic histology for wavelet-based differentiation of the polycrystalline component of biological tissues with different necrotic states. Forensic applications.","authors":"Alexander Ushenko, Alexander Dubolazov, Jun Zheng, Alexandra Litvinenko, Mykhaylo Gorsky, Yuriy Ushenko, Iryna Soltys, Olexander Salega, Zhebo Chen, Oleh Wanchuliak","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052920","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052920","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance: &lt;/strong&gt;The interference-holographic method of phase scanning of fields of scattered laser radiation is proposed. The effectiveness of this method for the selection of variously dispersed components is demonstrated. This method made it possible to obtain polarization maps of biological tissues at a high level of depolarized background. The scale-selective analysis of such maps was used to determine necrotic changes in the optically anisotropic architectonics of biological tissues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Development and experimental approbation of layered phase polarimetry of repeatedly scattered fields in diffuse layers of biological tissues. Application of scale-selective processing of the found coordinate distributions of polarization states in various phase sections of object fields. Determination of criteria (markers) for histological differential diagnosis of the causes of necrotic changes in optical anisotropy of biological tissues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach: &lt;/strong&gt;We used a synthesis of three instrumental and analytical methods. Polarization-interference registration of laser radiation scattered by a sample of biological tissue. Digital holographic reconstruction and layered phase scanning of distributions of complex amplitudes of the object field. Analytical determination of polarization maps of various phase cross-sections of repeatedly scattered radiation. Application of wavelet analysis of the distributions of polarization states in the phase plane of a single scattered component of an object field. Determination of criteria (markers) for differential diagnosis of necrotic changes in biological tissues with different morphological structure. Two cases are considered. The first case is the myocardium of those who died as a result of coronary heart disease and acute coronary insufficiency. The second case is lung tissue samples of deceased with bronchial asthma and fibrosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A method of polarization-interference mapping of diffuse object fields of biological tissues has been developed and experimentally implemented. With the help of digital holographic reconstruction of the distributions of complex amplitudes, polarization maps in various phase sections of a diffuse object field are found. The wavelet analysis of azimuth and ellipticity distributions of polarization in the phase plane of a single scattered component of laser radiation is used. Scenarios for changing the amplitude of the wavelet coefficients for different scales of the scanning salt-like MHAT function are determined. Statistical moments of the first to fourth orders are determined for the distributions of the amplitudes of the wavelet coefficients of the azimuth maps and the ellipticity of polarization. As a result, diagnostic markers of necrotic changes in the myocardium and lung tissue were determined. The statistical criteria found are the basis for determining the accuracy of their differential diagn","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 5","pages":"052920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10943250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on anisotropy orientation due to well-ordered fibrous biological microstructures.","authors":"Zhidi Liu, Jiawei Song, Qiqi Fu, Nan Zeng, Hui Ma","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052919","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.29.5.052919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Most biological fibrous tissues have anisotropic optical characteristics, which originate from scattering by their fibrous microstructures and birefringence of biological macromolecules. The orientation-related anisotropic interpretation is of great value in biological tissue characterization and pathological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We focus on intrinsic birefringence and form birefringence in biological tissue samples. By observing and comparing the forward Mueller matrix of typical samples, we can understand the interpretation ability of orientation-related polarization parameters and further distinguish the sources and trends of anisotropy in tissues.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>For glass fiber, silk fiber, skeletal muscle, and tendon, we construct a forward measuring device to obtain the Mueller matrix image and calculate the anisotropic parameters related to orientation. The statistical analysis method based on polar coordinates can effectively analyze the difference in anisotropic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For those birefringent fibers, the statistical distribution of fast-axis values derived from Mueller matrix polar decomposition was found to exhibit bimodal characteristics, which is a key point in distinguishing the single-layer birefringent fiber sample from a layered, multioriented fibrous sample. The application conditions and interference factors of anisotropic orientation parameters are analyzed. Based on the parameters extracted from the orientation bimodal distribution, we can evaluate the relative change trend of intrinsic birefringence and form birefringence in anisotropic samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cross-vertical bimodal distribution of the fast axis of anisotropic fibers is beneficial to accurately analyze the anisotropic changes in biological tissues. The results imply the potential of anisotropic orientation analysis for applications in pathological diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"29 5","pages":"052919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10901243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}