Journal of Biomedical Optics最新文献

{"title":"Light-based therapy of infected wounds: a review of dose considerations for photodynamic microbial inactivation and photobiomodulation.","authors":"Nidhi Singh, Lothar Lilge","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.030901","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.3.030901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Chronic or surgical wound infections in healthcare remain a worldwide problem without satisfying options. Systemic or topical antibiotic use is an inadequate solution, given the increase in antimicrobial-resistant microbes. Hence, antibiotic-free alternatives are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) has been shown to be effective in wound disinfection. Among the impediments to the wide utility of aPDI for wounds is the high variability in reported photosensitizer and light dose to be effective and unintentional detrimental impact on the wound closure rates. Additionally, the time required by the healthcare professional to deliver this therapy is excessive in the present form of delivery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We reviewed the dose ranges for various photosensitizers required to achieve wound disinfection or sterilization while not unintentionally inhibiting wound closure through concomitant photobiomodulation (PBM) processes.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>To allow comparison of aPDI or PBM administered doses, we employ a unified dose concept based on the number of absorbed photons per unit volume by the photosensitizer or cytochrome C oxidase for aPDI and PBM, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One notes that for current aPDI protocols, the absorbed photons per unit volume for wound disinfection or sterilization can lead to inhibiting normal wound closure through PBM processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Options to reduce the dose discrepancy between effective aPDI and PBM are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 3","pages":"030901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced porphyrin-based hypoxia imaging by temporal oversampling of delayed fluorescence signal.","authors":"Marien I Ochoa, Arthur F Petusseau, Matthew S Reed, Petr Brůža, Brian W Pogue","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S2.S23903","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S2.S23903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) delayed fluorescence (DF) is inversely related to the oxygen present in tissues and has potential as a novel biomarker for surgical guidance and real-time tissue metabolism assessment. Despite the unique promise of this technique, its successful clinical translation is limited by the low intensity emitted.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We developed a systematic study of ways to increase the PpIX DF signal through acquisition sampling changes, allowing optimized imaging at video rates.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>To accomplish signal increase, time-gating signal compression was achieved through changes in pulse frequency and power density, using sampling rates that are faster than the decay rate of the signal. The increased signal yield was tested and validated <i>in vitro</i> and then demonstrated <i>in vivo</i>, with comparison to settings that sample the full lifetime emission decay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> demonstrated that optimized timing could increase the detected intensity by a factor of 7. The images showed results that were superior than when sampling the full DF lifetime decay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed timing optimization enhances PpIX-based DF real-time imaging of tissue hypoxia. By increasing sampling frequency and adjusting the acquisition gate and pulse width, the collected signal intensity improved sevenfold, demonstrated both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The technique was shown to enable better visualization of small and anatomically challenging hypoxic structures. The improved target-to-background ratio and compatibility with pressure-enhanced sensing of tissue oxygen technique were demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 2","pages":"S23903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetic acid enabled nuclear contrast enhancement in epi-mode quantitative phase imaging.","authors":"Zhe Guang, Amunet Jacobs, Paloma Casteleiro Costa, Zhenmin Li, Francisco E Robles","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.026501","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.026501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The acetowhitening effect of acetic acid (AA) enhances light scattering of cell nuclei, an effect that has been widely leveraged to facilitate tissue inspection for (pre)cancerous lesions. Here, we show that a concomitant effect of acetowhitening-changes in refractive index composition-yields nuclear contrast enhancement in quantitative phase imaging (QPI) of thick tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to explore how changes in refractive index composition during acetowhitening can be captured through a novel epi-mode 3D QPI technique called quantitative oblique back-illumination microscopy (qOBM). We also aim to demonstrate the potential of using a machine learning-based approach to convert qOBM images of fresh tissues into virtually AA-stained images.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We implemented qOBM, an imaging technique that allows for epi-mode 3D QPI to observe phase changes induced by AA in thick tissue samples. We focus on detecting nuclear contrast changes caused by AA in mouse brain samples. As a proof of concept, we also applied a Cycle-GAN algorithm to convert the acquired qOBM images into virtually AA-stained images, simulating the effect of AA staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that AA-induced acetowhitening leads to significant nuclear contrast enhancement in qOBM images of thick tissue samples. In addition, the Cycle-GAN algorithm successfully converted qOBM images into virtually AA-stained images, further facilitating the nuclear enhancement process without any physical stains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We show that the acetowhitening effect of acetic acid induces changes in refractive index composition that significantly enhance nuclear contrast in QPI. The application of qOBM with AA, along with the use of a Cycle-GAN algorithm to virtually stain tissues, highlights the potential of this approach for advancing label-free and slide-free, <i>ex vivo</i>, and <i>in vivo</i> histology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"026501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperspectral imaging in neurosurgery: a review of systems, computational methods, and clinical applications.","authors":"Alankar Kotwal, Vishwanath Saragadam, Joshua D Bernstock, Alfredo Sandoval, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Pablo A Valdés","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023512","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Accurate identification between pathologic (e.g., tumors) and healthy brain tissue is a critical need in neurosurgery. However, conventional surgical adjuncts have significant limitations toward achieving this goal (e.g., image guidance based on pre-operative imaging becomes inaccurate up to 3 cm as surgery proceeds). Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has emerged as a potential powerful surgical adjunct to enable surgeons to accurately distinguish pathologic from normal tissues.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We review HSI techniques in neurosurgery; categorize, explain, and summarize their technical and clinical details; and present some promising directions for future work.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We performed a literature search on HSI methods in neurosurgery focusing on their hardware and implementation details; classification, estimation, and band selection methods; publicly available labeled and unlabeled data; image processing and augmented reality visualization systems; and clinical study conclusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We present a detailed review of HSI results in neurosurgery with a discussion of over 25 imaging systems, 45 clinical studies, and 60 computational methods. We first provide a short overview of HSI and the main branches of neurosurgery. Then, we describe in detail the imaging systems, computational methods, and clinical results for HSI using reflectance or fluorescence. Clinical implementations of HSI yield promising results in estimating perfusion and mapping brain function, classifying tumors and healthy tissues (e.g., in fluorescence-guided tumor surgery, detecting infiltrating margins not visible with conventional systems), and detecting epileptogenic regions. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of HSI approaches and interesting research directions as a means to encourage future development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We describe a number of HSI applications across every major branch of neurosurgery. We believe these results demonstrate the potential of HSI as a powerful neurosurgical adjunct as more work continues to enable rapid acquisition with smaller footprints, greater spectral and spatial resolutions, and improved detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"023512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of ultraviolet radiation impact on human skin tissue using double-exposure digital holographic interferometry.","authors":"Gloria Frausto-Rea, María Del Socorro Hernández-Montes, Fernando Mendoza Santoyo, Noé Alcala Ochoa, Edgard Efrén Lozada Hernández","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.025001","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.025001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance: &lt;/strong&gt;We are all exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the Sun, electronic devices, and artificial sources used in medicine, industry, cosmetics, and other fields, and as it can penetrate the skin, it poses a health risk. In this research, the effects of UV radiation on human skin exposed to different energy doses are evaluated using digital holographic interferometry (DHI), which is proposed as a useful tool to assess the changes caused by skin surface displacement and stiffness values. These two indicators, and their representation in pseudo-three-dimensional (3D) images, will be used as biomarkers, and their quantification will help to better understand the effects of UV rays on human skin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This research is centered on studying human skin tissue samples (HSTs) with double-exposure DHI; this non-invasive optical technique is able to detect alterations in its mechanical response as it changes caused by UV radiation falling on the skin surface, and such response is compared with the one of non-irradiated samples allowing us to correlate the changes in displacement and stiffness resulting from exposure to different doses of UV radiation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Approach: &lt;/strong&gt;Acoustic waves are sent to the HST to induce vibrations and displacements on their surface; the resulting vibration patterns are monitored through an out-of-plane sensitive DHI setup. The full-field-of-view quantification of the displacements in the &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;z&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/math&gt; -direction (normal to the surface) is quickly determined by processing the digital holograms, and with the amplitude of the displacements, skin stiffness is calculated. Both the surface displacements and their corresponding stiffness values correctly reveal the effects caused by the different UV radiation doses falling on the HST surface, a matter discussed in detail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The resonant frequencies and the 3D shape of the vibration showing the displacement and stiffness of human skin with and without radiation were found, and graphs were constructed using those data. A negative correlation is observed between the amount of UV energy applied and the changes in displacements, whereas a positive correlation is observed between stiffness and UV dose. The plot serves as a calibration plot and thus can be used to predict, from the optical data, the displacement and stiffness as a function of the UV dose. In addition, some critical changes in skin stiffness may indicate aging or dehydration in the skin, and this may be useful to achieve better skin care. These data indicate that UV light induces skin stiffening. The amplitude variation in displacement/strain and stiffness allows differentiation between skin tissues without and with UV radiation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The optical non-invasive DHI technique offers a whole field of view assessment of the UV effects on the HST without touching the skin. ","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"025001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143407981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperspectral analysis to assess gametocytogenesis stage progression in malaria-infected human erythrocytes.","authors":"Ik Hwan Kwon, Ji Youn Lee, Fuyuki Tokumasu, Sang-Won Lee, Jeeseong Hwang","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023516","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Developments of anti-gametocyte drugs have been delayed due to insufficient understanding of gametocyte biology. We report a systematic workflow of data processing algorithms to quantify changes in the absorption spectrum and cell morphology of single malaria-infected erythrocytes. These changes may serve as biomarkers instrumental for the future development of antimalarial strategies, especially for anti-gametocyte drug design and testing. Image-based biomarkers may also be useful for nondestructive, label-free malaria detection and drug efficacy evaluation in resource-limited communities.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We extend the application of hyperspectral microscopy to provide detailed insights into gametocyte stage progression through the quantitative analysis of absorbance spectra and cell morphology in malaria-infected erythrocytes.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Malaria-infected erythrocytes at asexual and different gametocytogenesis stages were imaged through hyperspectral confocal microscopy. The preprocessing of the hyperspectral data cubes to transform them to color images and spectral angle mapper (SAM) analysis were first used to segment hemoglobin (Hb)- and hemozoin (Hz)-abundant areas within the host erythrocytes. Correlations between changes in cell morphology and increasing Hz-abundant areas of the infected erythrocytes were then examined to test their potential as optical biomarkers to determine the progression of infection, involving transitions from asexual to various gametocytogenesis stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following successful segmentation of Hb- and Hz-abundant areas in malaria-infected erythrocytes through SAM analysis, a modest correlation between the segmented Hz-abundant area and cell shape changes over time was observed. A significant increase in both the areal fraction of Hz and the ellipticity of the cell confirms that the Hz fraction change correlates with the progression of gametocytogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our workflow enables the quantification of changes in host cell morphology and the relative contents of Hb and Hz at various parasite growth stages. The quantified results exhibit a trend that both the segmented areal fraction of intracellular Hz and the ellipticity of the host cell increase as gametocytogenesis progresses, suggesting that these two metrics may serve as useful biomarkers to determine the stage of gametocytogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"023516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal identification using a cross-sectional hyperspectral image of a hand.","authors":"Takashi Suzuki","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023514","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>I explore hyperspectral imaging, a rapid and noninvasive technique with significant potential in biometrics and medical diagnosis. Personal identification was performed using cross-sectional hyperspectral images of palms, offering a simpler and more robust method than conventional vascular pattern identification methods.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>I aim to demonstrate the potential of local cross-sectional hyperspectral palm images to identify individuals with high accuracy.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Hyperspectral imaging of palms, artificial intelligence (AI)-based region of interest (ROI) detection, feature vector extraction, and dimensionality reduction were utilized to validate personal identification accuracy using the area under the curve (AUC) and equal error rate (EER).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The feature vectors extracted by the proposed method demonstrated higher intra-cluster similarity when the clustering data were reduced through uniform manifold approximation and projection compared with principal component analysis and <math><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow> </math> -distributed stochastic neighbor embedding. A maximum AUC of 0.98 and an EER of 0.04% were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>I proposed a biometric method using cross-sectional hyperspectral imaging of human palms. The procedure includes AI-based ROI detection, feature extraction, dimension reduction, and intra- and inter-subject matching using Euclidean distances as a discriminant function. The proposed method has the potential to identify individuals with high accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"023514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142836611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital instrument simulator to optimize the development of hyperspectral systems: application for intraoperative functional brain mapping.","authors":"Charly Caredda, Frédéric Lange, Luca Giannoni, Ivan Ezhov, Thiébaud Picart, Jacques Guyotat, Ilias Tachtsidis, Bruno Montcel","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.30.2.023513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Intraoperative optical imaging is a localization technique for the functional areas of the human brain cortex during neurosurgical procedures. These areas can be assessed by monitoring cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism. Robust quantification of these biomarkers is complicated to perform during neurosurgery due to the critical context of the operating room. In actual devices, the inhomogeneities of the optical properties of the exposed brain cortex are poorly taken into consideration, which introduce quantification errors of biomarkers of brain functionality. Moreover, the best choice of spectral configuration is still based on an empirical approach.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We propose a digital instrument simulator to optimize the development of hyperspectral systems for intraoperative brain mapping studies. This simulator can provide realistic modeling of the cerebral cortex and the identification of the optimal wavelengths to monitor cerebral hemodynamics (oxygenated <math> <mrow><msub><mi>HbO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> and deoxygenated hemoglobin Hb) and metabolism (oxidized state of cytochromes <math><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow> </math> and cytochrome-c-oxidase oxCytb, oxCytc, and oxCCO).</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>The digital instrument simulator is computed with white Monte Carlo simulations of a volume created from a real image of exposed cortex. We developed an optimization procedure based on a genetic algorithm to identify the best wavelength combinations in the visible and near-infrared range to quantify concentration changes in <math> <mrow><msub><mi>HbO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> , Hb, oxCCO, and the oxidized state of cytochrome <math><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow> </math> (oxCytb and oxCytc).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The digital instrument allows the modeling of intensity maps collected by a camera sensor as well as images of path length to take into account the inhomogeneities of the optical properties. The optimization procedure helps to identify the best wavelength combination of 18 wavelengths that reduces the quantification errors in <math> <mrow><msub><mi>HbO</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> , Hb, and oxCCO by 47%, 57%, and 57%, respectively, compared with the gold standard of 121 wavelengths between 780 and 900 nm. The optimization procedure does not help to resolve changes in cytochrome <math><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow> </math> and <math><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow> </math> in a significant way but helps to better resolve oxCCO changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We proposed a digital instrument simulator to optimize the development of hyperspectral systems for intraoperative brain mapping studies. This digital instrument simulator and this optimization framework could be used to optimize the design of hyperspectral imaging devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 2","pages":"023513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring near-infrared autofluorescence properties in parathyroid tissue: an analysis of fresh and paraffin-embedded thyroidectomy specimens.","authors":"Bo Wang, Chi-Peng Zhou, Wei Ao, Shao-Jun Cai, Zhi-Wen Ge, Jun Wang, Wen-Yu Huang, Jia-Fan Yu, Si-Bin Wu, Shou-Yi Yan, Li-Yong Zhang, Si-Si Wang, Zhi-Hong Wang, Surong Hua, Amr H Abdelhamid Ahmed, Gregory W Randolph, Wen-Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S1.S13702","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.S1.S13702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) utilizes the natural autofluorescence of parathyroid glands (PGs) to improve their identification during thyroid surgeries, reducing the risk of inadvertent removal and subsequent complications such as hypoparathyroidism. This study evaluates NIRAF's effectiveness in real-world surgical settings, highlighting its potential to enhance surgical outcomes and patient safety.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We evaluate the effectiveness of NIRAF in detecting PGs during thyroidectomy and central neck dissection and investigate autofluorescence characteristics in both fresh and paraffin-embedded tissues.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We included 101 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer who underwent surgeries in 2022 and 2023. We assessed NIRAF's ability to locate PGs, confirmed via parathyroid hormone assays, and involved both junior and senior surgeons. We measured the accuracy, speed, and agreement levels of each method and analyzed autofluorescence persistence and variation over 10 years, alongside the expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and vitamin D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NIRAF demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.5% and a negative predictive value of 89.1%. However, its specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 61.2% and 62.3%, respectively, which are considered lower. The kappa statistic indicated moderate to substantial agreement (kappa = 0.478; <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ). Senior surgeons achieved high specificity (86.2%) and PPV (85.3%), with substantial agreement (kappa = 0.847; <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ). In contrast, junior surgeons displayed the lowest kappa statistic among the groups, indicating minimal agreement (kappa = 0.381; <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ). Common errors in NIRAF included interference from brown fat and eschar. In addition, paraffin-embedded samples retained stable autofluorescence over 10 years, showing no significant correlation with CaSR and vitamin D levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NIRAF is useful for PG identification in thyroid and neck surgeries, enhancing efficiency and reducing inadvertent PG removals. The stability of autofluorescence in paraffin samples suggests its long-term viability, with false positives providing insights for further improvements in NIRAF technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 Suppl 1","pages":"S13702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11256002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust estimation of skin physiological parameters from hyperspectral images using Bayesian neural networks.","authors":"Teo Manojlović, Tadej Tomanič, Ivan Štajduhar, Matija Milanič","doi":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.1.016004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.JBO.30.1.016004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Machine learning models for the direct extraction of tissue parameters from hyperspectral images have been extensively researched recently, as they represent a faster alternative to the well-known iterative methods such as inverse Monte Carlo and inverse adding-doubling (IAD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop a Bayesian neural network model for robust prediction of physiological parameters from hyperspectral images.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We propose a two-component system for extracting physiological parameters from hyperspectral images. First, our system models the relationship between the measured spectra and the tissue parameters as a distribution rather than a point estimate and is thus able to generate multiple possible solutions. Second, the proposed tissue parameters are then refined using the neural network that approximates the biological tissue model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed model was tested on simulated and <i>in vivo</i> data. It outperformed current models with an overall mean absolute error of 0.0141 and can be used as a faster alternative to the IAD algorithm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that Bayesian neural networks coupled with the approximation of a biological tissue model can be used to reliably and accurately extract tissue properties from hyperspectral images on the fly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15264,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","volume":"30 1","pages":"016004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}