Journal of Biology and Life Science最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome","authors":"Sadaf Imtiaz, Pashmina Gul, Shizra Shahnawaz, Tabassum Zarrar, K. Kubra, Sajida Akram","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.360","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the outpatient Department of Gynecology Unit-II from 1st September 2019 to 25th January 2020.Materials and Methods: Females aged 18 to 45 years were diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome using Rotterdam criteria. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made upon the Adult Treatment Panel criteria National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel, i.e., the presence of any three features like central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and elevated fasting blood sugar. All procedures were done by the researcher herself, and all data were recorded on a pre-designed questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The average age of the females was 30.98±7.05 years, most of whom were married (96.62%). Out of the total 148 females, 64.83% were diabetic, 29.73% had hypertension, 69.59% had dyslipidemia, and 29% were obese. Out of 148 females with polycystic ovarian syndromes, metabolic syndrome was present in 27.70%. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among obese females compared to normal and overweight with p-value=0.001. However, metabolic syndrome showed no significant association with age, marital status, parity, and duration of polycystic ovarian syndrome (p>0.05).Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is a prevalent condition in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome and having a high BMI makes it more likely. These findings andsystematic investigation can be used to justify a metabolic syndrome screening policy in polycystic ovarian syndrome for early detection and intervention, as well as a healthy future.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72619160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Implementing Online Assessment in Medical and Dental Undergraduate","authors":"Vasiqa Bano, A. Syed","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.241","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to identify the barriers and challenges faced in implementing remote assessment technological techniques in medical and dental schools in Asian countries during this ongoing pandemic.Study Design: A scoping review.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry (AFID), Rawalpindi, Pakistan June 2022 to September 2022.Materials and Methods: The Scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley framework, and literature was searched in electronic databases for relevant peer-reviewed studies over the last ten years. Keywords were used in PubMed, ERIC, psycINFO, and Google Scholar for grey literature. After screening and assessing for eligibility, 1490 publications were retrieved, and only 18 articles were included in the study. Data were synthesized to present the findings.Results: The themes identified after data synthesis broadly described the barriers to the implementation of online assessment in medical and dental undergraduate curricula. The themes were faculty perspective on remote assessment, IT issues, reliability of online exams, difficulties faced by students, and psychological impact. Insufficient resources and inadequate logistic support for IT staff led to a slow internet connection, technical failures, formatting limitations, bandwidth issues when using images and videos, longer duration of exams, and non-visibility of the screen.Conclusion: The scoping review will guide the medical and dental educationist in identifying challenges in implementing electronic assessment and pave the way in its design and operation.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82815279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying High-Risk Individuals for Suicide During Covid-19 Pandemic: Prevention and Intervention","authors":"N. Aslam, Jamil A. Malik, Maryam Khan","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.303","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The mental health outcomes of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) might be hazardous and may evoke a tsunami of mental illness. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has profound psychological and social effects. It has been expected that the mental illnesses and suicide rates may rise not only due to the suffering of the pandemic itself but also to prolonged combat strategies, including lockdown and quarantine over a longer period. It is henceforth important to identify potential risk factors for developing risk prevention strategies with urgent consideration.Materials and Methods. A systematic review approach was employed to collect information regarding the high-risk individuals for suicide during a pandemic and subsequently present the prevention and intervention-focused strategies for managing the condition. The article published just after the pandemic outbreak including the time period: 2019 to 2020 available at PubMed, PsycINFO, and LISTA, was considered for the present study.Results. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with solitude, agony, anxiety, fear of infection, depression, insomnia, and economic complications. These conditions may subsequently lead to complex psychiatric complaints in vulnerable populations, including individuals with pre-existing psychiatric disorders, those having a history of suicide attempts, and those taking treatment for suicide risk.Conclusion. To decrease the risk of suicides during COVID-19, reducing people's stress, anxiety, and loneliness is important.  Specialized training in the workforce on crisis management would have additional benefits. Governments shall devote adequate funding and resources to control the mental health consequences of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81733094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Obstruction by Malposed Upper Third Molar: A Rare Cause of Trismus","authors":"Sarfraz Khan, S. Bashir, I. Ahmed","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.344","url":null,"abstract":"Trismus is a multifactorial symptom which is most commonly presented after the removal of lower third molars. Upper third molar is a rare but true cause of trismus and must be included in the differential diagnosis. We present a rare case of trismus caused by the presence of malposed upper third molar, obstructing the forward movement of coronoid process of the mandible and restricting further mouth opening.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"54 35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88465532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Effects Beclomethasone Dipropionate with Flunisolide in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis","authors":"Maryiam Asghar, M. Rasheed, Amir Akbar, Farhat Jabeen Malik, D. Rai, Liaquat Ali","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.358","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effectiveness of beclomethasone dipropionate with flunisolide given twice daily in terms of improvement in symptom score after 14 days of treatment in allergic rhinitis patients.Study Design: Quasi-Experimental Study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of ENT, PAF Hospital E-9 Islamabad, Pakistan, from January 2021 to July 2021.Materials and Methods: All patients of age 20-60 years of either gender having allergic rhinitis were included in the study. Allergic rhinitis was defined as any patient with a history of running nose with seasonal changes or exposure to allergens diagnosed by a consultant ENT surgeon. Patients with a history of smoking, asthma, having deviated nasal septum and inferior turbinate hypertrophy, patients already treated with Beclomethasone dipropionate or flunisolide, patients having an acute upper respiratory infection, and pregnant females were excluded from the study. A consecutive sampling technique was applied for the selection of participants. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group-A was given beclomethasone dipropionate, and Group-B Group-B was given flunisolide. The daily dose during treatment was 0.1 mg of beclomethasone dipropionate (50 ugs per puff) two-time each medicine daily. And dose of flunisolide nasal solution (flunisolide nasal spray 0.025%) flunisolide 50 micrograms in each nostril twice daily were 2 sprays (50 ugs) in each nostril 2 times a day: Treatment was continued for two weeks in each group. The symptoms score was estimated at baseline and after two weeks of intervention. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 41.17+8.58 years in beclomethasone dipropionate and 41.85+8.52 years in flunisolide. Efficacy of flunisolide was significantly higher in terms of improvement in symptom score after 14 days of treatment in patients of allergic rhinitis compared to beclomethasone dipropionate (85% vs 79.58, p=0.035).Conclusion: Flunisolide inhaler is more effective when compared with beclomethasone dipropionate for treating allergic rhinitis.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89805589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Leadership and Integration of Triple Bottom Line for Planetary Health","authors":"Wasim Alamgir, Hina Shan","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.439","url":null,"abstract":"The accelerating global concern of climate change and its link with human health requires sustainability to be a crucial part of healthcare quality. The protection of planetary health in the context of ecological and social determinants of health require the integration of all aspects of health services including the professionals, management, and administration. Clinical health professionals particularly hold a critical position in this scenario, as they are mandated to protect individuals and communities from diseases caused or accelerated by environmental factors. Therefore, to combat the negative impacts of climate change on human health, the trusted voice of clinicians needs to be raised for communicating climate risks and solutions to patients, the public, and policymakers. \u0000Medical colleges’ curricula and continuing education programs require an alignment of climate and health education.  This will equip future and current health professionals with skills for planetary health, regardless of their area of health focus. Clinical teaching and training with an updated medical education curriculum focusing on prevention; self-care; patient empowerment; lean service delivery such as community-based interventions; minimizing waste of medications and consumables, and low carbon emission alternatives is imperative to health service’s contribution in enhancing the quality of ecological sustainability. \u0000It has been documented that if the healthcare sector is ranked as a country, it would be the 5th largest CO2 emitter in the world with 4.4% global net emissions of greenhouse gases.1 The WHO has recently reported that 60% of healthcare facilities in the global south are ill equipped to handle existing waste loads. The healthcare community, clinicians, and hospital management are well-placed to play a vital role as change agents with Health in All Policies approach by protecting health during the current climate crises. An eco-friendly, equitable, interprofessional, and transdisciplinary approach is required to create a resilient healthcare sector that works harmoniously with nature while coping with increasing disease burdens and challenges to healthcare infrastructure. \u0000The triple bottom line is a holistic framework that helps organizations consider the environmental, social, and economic costs of their actions.2 In a healthcare setting, triple bottom line incorporates environmental and social impacts with patient-based outcomes and financial costs to measure the sustainability of healthcare interventions and services.2 It is an approach to reduce the adverse effects of healthcare delivery on the environment by incorporating improved sustainable quality and resource stewardship. The overall sustainable value is measured when the patient-based outcomes comprising utilization of a system, service, or process in healthcare are weighed against the “planet, people, and profit”. \u0000In conclusion, embedding sustainability principles, core knowledge, and pract","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83977379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Human Molecular Responses to Staphylococcus Aureus Components","authors":"S. Younis, F. Deeba, S. M. Farhat, Mahwish Ali, Q. Javed, M. Blumenberg","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.232","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study is aimed to identify genes and pathways that are upregulated or downregulated by Staphylococcus aureus components using meta-analysis.Study Design: Meta-analysis of microarray Data.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at R.O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA, from January 2015 to March 2015.Materials and Methods: Public repository “GEO Datasets” was searched using key term “Staphylococcus aureus” for data sets covering effects of S. aureus infection in Homo sapiens cells. Meta-analysis was performed using microarray data for immune cell responses to S. aureus components and analyzed using RankProd, RMAExpress, and DAVID software. Results: The secreted factors from biofilm and planktonic cultures predominantly induce adaptive immune process and suppress mitotic cell cycle. The biofilms conditioned media treated keratinocytes upregulate anti-apoptosis genes and immunity while planktonic cultures conditioned media treated keratinocytes upregulate cell cycle as major cytoprotective process. Similar to the secreted factors from S. aureus cultures, superantigens induce adaptive immunity and suppress innate immunity in challenged cells. S. aureus components Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) and iPVL induce adaptive immune system as a defensive mechanism. Importantly, these S. aureus components increased microbicidal activity in host cells. Conclusion: PVL could be a potential priming agent for myeloid cells against virulent S. aureus infections. Further investigations into bactericidal ability of PVL will provide efficient therapy against community-associated Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85296044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparative Effects of McKenzie Technique versus Swiss Ball Exercises Along with Hot Pack in Patients with Low Back Pain","authors":"Komal Jamil, Rida Baqir","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.338","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effects of the McKenzie technique with Swiss ball exercises for low back pain management.Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Physical Therapy Patel Hospital Karachi, Pakistan, from May 2018 to November 2018.Materials and Methods: A total number of 50 patients with low back pain from the age of 18-40 years were included in the study. Research participants were divided into 2 groups. Group A comprised 25 participants who performed the McKenzie exercises and Group B comprised 25 participants who performed the Swiss ball exercises. In both groups, a heating pad was applied for 20 minutes before exercise interventions. Research participants were evaluated from a numeric rating scale and the Oswestry disability index questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.Result: The results showed there is a significant effect of McKenzie Exercises in the management of low back pain; the results were evaluated by the differences in the numeric rating scale (P= 0.016) and the Oswestry disability index (P= 0.026) between Pre and Post application of the intervention. The McKenzie numeric rating scale pretreatment mean is 4.48 with(S.D+0.58), the numeric rating scale post-treatment mean is 2.84 with (S.D +1.625), and the McKenzie pretreatment Oswestry disability index mean is 24.87 with (S.D +24.87) and post-treatment Oswestry disability index mean is 16.96 with (S.D +16.96).Conclusion: McKenzie’s technique showed a more beneficial effect than the Swiss ball exercises in patients with low back pain.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85904089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Students’ Performance in Anatomy: Integrated Versus Subject-Based Scores","authors":"Sobia Islam, Huma Musarrat Khan, N. Rashid, Lubna Akhtar, Sadia Rashid, Noreen Anwar","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.329","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the Anatomy scores with Total scores in exams with Integrated results and exams with Subject-based results and to compare the Anatomy scores in exams with Integrated results with exams with Subject-based results.Study Design: Quantitative/observational, retrospective study, with Universal sampling.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of Foundation University School of Health Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan, from 1st May 2022 to 31st August 2022.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on scores of the First professional examination in two groups of MBBS students; Group A (n=150). The result was based on integrated scores, and Group B (n=149): Result was based on subject score. The mean Anatomy score (AS) percentage in Groups A & B was compared with the mean total score (TS) percentage in both groups, respectively, and with each other using Student’s t test.Results: The Anatomy score in Group A (63.72%±12.20) and Group B (66.26%±12.7) was less than the Total score (Group A:69.38%±8.79, Group B:67.56±10.93). This difference was statistically significant (p=0.00) in Group A. The Anatomy score in Group A was less than in Group B, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.08).Conclusion: The Anatomy score was significantly less than the Total score in exams with integrated results. Moreover, the Anatomy score was less in the exams with integrated results as compared to exams with subject-based Results.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85929828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Aqueous Neem Leaf Extract on Erythromycin Induced Histomorphological Changes on Hepatocytes of (Albino Wistar) Rats","authors":"N. Jamshed, Iffat Raza, Lubna Akhter, Nadia Rashid, M. Lakhani, Aqiba Islam","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.354","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the protective effect of aqueous Neem leaf extract-induced hepatotoxicity by Erythromycin.Study Design: Laboratory-based Experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Animal House of Baqai Medical University (BMU) Karachi, Pakistan from January 2019 to March 2019.Materials and Methods: A total of 80 albino Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Control group, marked as Group A with no interventions. Only Erythromycin was administered to the rats in group B. Erythromycin and an aqueous extract of neemleaves were administered to group C rats. Group D only received an extract of aqueous neemleaves. Animals' body weight was noted both before and after experiments. Liver weight was also measured after 14 days when the animals were sacrificed.Results: Histopathological changes in group B include loss of architecture, portal vein observed with congestion, and hemorrhages. In Group C, histopathological changes showed hepatocytes with slightly disturbed and mild congestion with decreased sinusoidal spaces; however, Group A andGroup D observed normal hepatocyte architecture. Conclusion: According to the current study, Erythromycin-induced oxidative stress and hepatocyte damage weremarkedly reduced by aqueous neem leaf extract, which is a powerful antioxidant. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82022286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}