Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Genetic analysis, reproductive decision-making, and pregnancy outcomes in 51 Chinese osteogenesis imperfecta families.","authors":"Shimin Yuan, Xiao Hu, Duo Yi, Xiaomeng Zhao, Zhenxing Wan, Wen-Bin He, Liang Hu, Guangxiu Lu, Ge Lin, Yue-Qiu Tan, Juan Du","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04024-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04024-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To elucidate the genetic etiology of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) in affected families and to characterize reproductive decision-making, reproductive interventions, and pregnancy outcomes of these families.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-one families with clinically suspected OI underwent variant analysis by Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing (NGS) and clinical follow-up of reproductive options and pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 51 enrolled families, 37 probands had mild phenotypes and 14 presented with severe phenotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that 46 probands (90.2%) carried heterozygous variants in COL1A1 or COL1A2, and five (9.8%) harbored biallelic variants in WNT1, CRTAP, P3H1, and SERPINF1. Of the identified variants, 14 were novel. Among the 45 families with follow-up data, the proportion of couples who discontinued reproductive attempts was higher in the OI-women group than in the OI-men and normal-parent groups (35.3% vs. 5.9% and 18.2%, respectively), though the differences were not statistically significant. Both women with severe OI (n = 2) discontinued reproductive attempts, compared with 26.7% of women with mild OI. Thirty families underwent preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), which yielded 22 healthy live births. Among the remaining families, six (seven pregnancies) opted for spontaneous conception or conventional IVF with prenatal diagnosis, resulting in two terminations of affected fetuses and five healthy live births. The cesarean section rate in the OI-women group was significantly higher than that in the OI-men group (81.8% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.030), whereas the difference from the normal-parent group was not statistically significant (81.8% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.547). One woman with OI experienced reduced bone mineral density during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings expand the OI mutational spectrum and suggest that reproductive decision-making may vary according to the sex of the affected parent, inheritance patterns, and phenotypic severity. A high cesarean section rate and skeletal complications were observed among women with OI during pregnancy, indicating that maternal and obstetric outcomes warrant careful attention in this population. Moreover, PGT was associated with healthy live births in this cohort and may reduce the likelihood of affected pregnancies in selected families.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of assisted reproductive techniques on offspring cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Andrea Crafa, Rossella Cannarella, Rosita A Condorelli, Sandro La Vignera, Nicolás Garrido Puchalt, Aldo E Calogero","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04004-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04004-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are increasingly used worldwide. Concerns persist regarding the long-term cardiovascular health of ART-conceived offspring. To systematically review and meta-analyze cardiovascular, vascular, and echocardiographic outcomes in ART-conceived offspring compared with naturally conceived children. PubMed and Scopus were searched from database inception to January 2025. Reference lists of eligible articles were manually screened. Searches included terms related to assisted reproductive technologies, offspring, and cardiovascular outcomes. Only human studies published in English were included. Observational cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies evaluating cardiovascular outcomes in ART-conceived offspring with a naturally conceived comparison group were eligible. Studies without relevant outcomes, lacking a control group, or including populations with genetic conditions affecting cardiovascular health were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened studies, with disagreements resolved by a third investigator. Eighty-one studies met inclusion criteria. Data extraction was independently performed by two reviewers following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Risk of bias and study quality were assessed using the Cambridge Quality Checklist. Meta-analyses were conducted using fixed- or random-effects models according to heterogeneity (I² statistic). Meta-regression analyses explored the influence of parental and perinatal factors. Primary outcomes included vascular indices (carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT], flow-mediated dilation [FMD]), risk of congenital heart disease (CHD), echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function, and blood pressure. ART conception was associated with increased CIMT in singleton offspring (mean difference, 0.03 mm; 95% CI, 0.01-0.06) and reduced FMD (mean difference, - 2.32%; 95% CI, - 3.05 to - 1.59). ART-conceived children showed a higher risk of CHD, including severe forms, particularly in singleton pregnancies. Echocardiographic analyses revealed subtle alterations in left ventricular function, including reduced shortening fraction and prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time. Systolic blood pressure was slightly higher in ART offspring. Meta-regression indicated that vascular and echocardiographic alterations were largely independent of parental age, body mass index, gestational age, and birth weight. ART conception is associated with early vascular dysfunction, increased CHD risk, and subtle cardiac functional alterations that may precede future cardiovascular disease, supporting the need for long-term cardiovascular follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA m⁶A modification and its regulatory factors are altered in granulosa cells from women with PMOS.","authors":"Snehal Bhingardeve, Pooja Sagvekar, Sadhana Desai, Vijay Mangoli, Richa Jagtap, Srabani Mukherjee","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04016-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04016-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), an endocrine disorder with unknown aetiology is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A), the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, regulates multiple aspects of RNA metabolism and reproductive function. However, the contributions of m⁶A modification and its regulatory factors including microRNAs to the pathophysiology of PMOS remain poorly understood. We therefore investigated global m⁶A abundance, expression of key m⁶A regulatory genes, and selected experimentally validated m⁶A-associated microRNAs in granulosa cells (GCs) from women with PMOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GCs were collected from 23 women with PMOS and 23 age- and BMI- matched controls undergoing in vitro fertilization. Global m⁶A modification was quantified by ELISA, whereas the m⁶A writer, reader, eraser (WRE) protein-coding genes and selected microRNAs were assessed by RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total m⁶A levels were significantly increased in GCs from women with PMOS. Transcript encoding the core writer complex (METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, RBM15, VIRMA) and reader proteins (YTHDF1, YTHDF3, YTHDC1) were upregulated, whereas transcripts encoding the eraser proteins (FTO, ALKBH5) were downregulated. Elevated m⁶A, METTL3, METTL14 and YTHDF1 levels positively correlated with androgen excess, anti-Müllerian hormone and reduced oocyte fertilization rates. Among the experimentally validated m⁶A-associated microRNAs, miR-20b, whose maturation is regulated by METTL3, was downregulated, whereas miR-607, a validated regulator of FTO, was upregulated in PMOS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Coordinated alterations in global m⁶A abundance, m⁶A regulatory genes and the selected microRNAs indicate widespread epitranscriptomic dysregulation in GCs from women with PMOS, providing a foundation for future mechanistic and therapeutic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planned oocyte cryopreservation (POC): a longitudinal study of patient experience.","authors":"Kerri Johnson, Kelli Sorby","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04021-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04021-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine POC patient experience at multiple stages throughout the course of a treatment cycle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Email invitations were sent to 359 POC patients from November 2024 to August 2025 for this longitudinal, survey-based cohort study. Surveys were distributed at three different points throughout a POC treatment cycle: pre-cycle, mid-cycle and post-cycle. The survey questions related to the experiences of the participant in relation to eight core aspects of clinical treatment. Participants were asked to rate their experience (difficulty) and feelings on a scale of 1 to 10. Responses of first and subsequent cycle POC participants were compared for each aspect of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 participants were recruited (28%). Mean age was 34.8 years; all had completed secondary school, with 91.1% completing a bachelor's degree or above. The experience of first and subsequent cycle patients was similar for each component of treatment, with the exception of self-administered injections (SA Injections). In the pre-cycle survey, first-cycle respondents gave SA Injections a significantly higher expected difficulty score (mean = 6.08) compared to subsequent cycle patients (mean = 4.79, p = 0.006). After completing their cycle, participants reported recovery from the egg collection to be the most difficult aspect of treatment (mean difficulty = 5.41), with 43.93% of respondents giving it their highest ranked difficulty score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>POC patients found most aspects of treatment less difficult than they had initially anticipated, with recovery from the egg collection being the most difficult aspect of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counseling regarding preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy after Dobbs.","authors":"Reisha Yavagal, Pasquale Patrizio, Ian Bishop","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04018-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04018-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistency and reproducibility of sonographic diagnosis of adenomyosis: an interobserver variability study.","authors":"Anastasia Salame, Barbara Lawrenz, Hamidreza Didar, Tatjana Blagojevic, Maryam Farid Mojtahedi, Raquel Del Gallego, Salma Selim, Sara Peralta, Human Fatemi","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04020-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04020-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study whether there is a marked interobserver discrepancy in the diagnosis of adenomyosis based on reviewing stored sonographic images of infertile patients?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialists reviewed stored ultrasound images of 2134 patients attending tertiary IVF-centers. The physicians were blinded to each other as well as to the original diagnosis. The revised Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) criteria was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall three-rater agreement for adenomyosis (Yes/No) was 62.3%, with Fleiss' κ = 0.317 (z = 25.4; p < 0.001), indicating fair interobserver reliability. Within cases where all three raters diagnosed adenomyosis (n = 179), interobserver reliability for revised MUSA signs ranged from slight to fair. Overall, even among adenomyosis-positive cases, reproducibility of individual signs varied considerably, with myometrial cysts being the most commonly agreed upon direct feature (K 0.315, 95% CI 0.213-0.412) and asymmetrical myometrial thickening for the indirect features (K 0.406, 95% CI 0.321-0.491).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate only fair interobserver reproducibility for the sonographic assessment of adenomyosis based on the assessment of stored static ultrasound images using the revised MUSA criteria. This degree of variability highlights the challenges associated with consistent interpretation of sonographic features and suggests a need for further refinement and improved standardization of diagnostic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procedure-specific environmental microbiological monitoring in IVF laboratories: the SMILE multicenter study.","authors":"Lucia De Santis, Lucia Perego, Elena Albani, Chiara Colasante, Johan Guns, Valeria Iommiello, Alice Mangiarini, Patrizia Testa, Giovanna Tesoriere, Paola Viganò, Alessio Paffoni","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04019-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04019-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Environmental microbiological monitoring is mandatory in IVF laboratories; however, procedure-specific risk assessment across the entire medically assisted reproduction workflow remains limited. This multicenter study, named \"SMILE\" (Study of Environmental Microbiological Monitoring in IVF Laboratories), aimed to assess settle plate positivity as a surrogate marker of environmental microbial contamination risk, in compliance with the guidelines of the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM). Passive air monitoring using settle plates was performed during individual IVF laboratory procedures under different environmental cleanliness conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine IVF laboratories in Northern Italy prospectively collected environmental microbiological monitoring data between 2023 and 2025. Passive air monitoring using settle plates was performed during seven routine IVF procedures. Monitoring was conducted either under GMP Grade A laminar airflow or at the micromanipulation workstation in the validated GMP Grade D background environment (ICSI and embryo biopsy). A total of 2146 sentinel settle plates were exposed and incubated according to EDQM recommendations. Contamination probability was defined as the proportion of plates with ≥ 1 colony-forming unit (CFU), with exact 95% confidence intervals. Step-specific and cumulative contamination risks were estimated assuming independence, and associations with environmental cleanliness class and exposure time were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Procedures performed in GMP Grade D environments showed a significantly higher percentage of settle-plate positivity than those performed in GMP Grade A (26.0% [95% CI 21.5-31.0%] vs 2.2% [95% CI 1.6-3.0%], p < 0.001). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo biopsy were associated with the highest contamination rates. The cumulative probability of detecting at least one contaminated settle plate was 11.2% (95% CI 7.8-14.6%) for procedures performed exclusively in GMP Grade A environments, increasing to 35.1% (95% CI 30.0-40.1%) including ICSI, and to 47.4% (95% CI 38.2-56.5%) when all procedures were considered. Exposure time was associated with an increased risk of settle plate positivity in the complete procedural set, which included Grade D procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Environmental microbiological burden in IVF laboratories is procedure-dependent and strongly associated with environmental cleanliness class. These findings support a procedure-specific, risk-based approach to environmental monitoring in MAR laboratories using settle plate-based air monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biallelic FSIP2 variants are associated with sperm defective chromatin condensation beyond MMAF and acrosomal abnormalities.","authors":"Junyan Chen, Yisi Sun, Tong Zhou, Jing Zhou, Minmin Hua, Miao Liu, Xiaorong Shen, Jianan Tang, Xuemei Wang, Huijuan Shi, Yongning Lu, Aijie Xin","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04017-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04017-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Biallelic variants in FSIP2 have been associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and acrosomal defects. This study aimed to characterize the genetic, sperm phenotypic, and reproductive features of infertile men carrying homozygous FSIP2 variants, with particular attention to sperm nuclear ultrastructure and chromatin condensation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two infertile men with severe sperm morphological abnormalities were enrolled. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify candidate variants. Sperm morphology, FSIP2 expression, acrosomal status, nuclear ultrastructure, and chromatin condensation were evaluated using routine semen analysis, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two homozygous FSIP2 variants were identified in two men with primary infertility, including a frameshift variant, NM_173651.3: c.2519delA, p.(Asn840Metfs*43), and a missense variant, NM_173651.3: c.17798C > T, p.(Ser5933Phe). The missense variant, previously reported in a compound heterozygous context, was identified here in a homozygous state. Spermatozoa from both patients exhibited typical MMAF phenotypes and markedly reduced or absent FSIP2 signals. Acrosomal loss or abnormal acrosomal localization was also observed. Notably, spermatozoa from both patients showed prominent intranuclear vacuoles and increased CMA3 staining, suggesting defective chromatin condensation. After ICSI, both couples achieved fertilization, and one couple achieved a live birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest an expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of FSIP2-associated male infertility. In the two cases studied, biallelic FSIP2 variants were associated with classical MMAF and acrosomal abnormalities, as well as with abnormal nuclear ultrastructure and increased CMA3 staining indicative of impaired chromatin condensation. However, further studies are needed to establish whether these nuclear features represent a direct consequence of FSIP2 deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular kisspeptin-VEGF axis in polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.","authors":"Oya Korkmaz, Seda Karabulut, Pelin Macit","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04014-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04014-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) are characterized by excessive follicular activity and profound alterations in the ovarian microenvironment. Kisspeptin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play central roles in the regulation of folliculogenesis, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and ovarian responsiveness. This study aimed to compare follicular fluid levels of Kisspeptin-1, Kisspeptin-54, and VEGF among women with PCOS, women who developed OHSS, and normoresponder controls, and to investigate their associations with established markers of ovarian response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 90 women undergoing IVF treatment were stratified into three groups: normoresponder controls (n = 30), women with PCOS (n = 30), and patients who developed OHSS (n = 30). Follicular fluid samples were collected at the time of oocyte retrieval. Concentrations of Kisspeptin-1, Kisspeptin-54, and VEGF were quantified using validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Clinical, hormonal, and embryological parameters were collected and analyzed using group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multivariable logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Follicular fluid concentrations of Kisspeptin-1, Kisspeptin-54, and VEGF differed significantly among study groups (all p < 0.001), demonstrating a progressive increase from normoresponder controls to women with PCOS and those who developed OHSS. Kisspeptin-54 and VEGF exhibited strong positive correlations with established indicators of ovarian response, including AMH, AFC, trigger-day estradiol levels, total oocyte yield, MII oocyte count, and the number of good-quality embryos (r = 0.41-0.78, all p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, Kisspeptin-54 (OR = 1.031) and VEGF (OR = 1.008), together with AFC, AMH, trigger-day estradiol, and total oocyte count, remained significantly associated with OHSS occurrence (all p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Follicular fluid levels of Kisspeptin-1, Kisspeptin-54, and VEGF are significantly elevated in ovarian hyperresponse conditions and exhibit strong associations with key indicators of ovarian stimulation outcomes. These findings suggest that Kisspeptin-54 and VEGF reflect the biological features of ovarian hyperresponsiveness and may serve as complementary biomarkers of the follicular microenvironment, rather than clinically actionable predictors of OHSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes of surrogate pregnancy using donor egg compared to surrogate's egg: a systematic review.","authors":"Phoebe Barry, Elizabeth Choong, Catherine Meads, Susan Bewley","doi":"10.1007/s10815-026-04003-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-026-04003-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Surrogacy is either gestational (GS) using donor egg or traditional (TS) using surrogate's own egg. GS is increasing, partly from assumptions over less difficulty in transferring the baby to intended parents. This systematic review investigates obstetric outcomes in GS vs TS and vs surrogate's own spontaneous conceptions (SC), comparing genetically unrelated embryos versus genetically related embryos.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Included were studies with historical or concurrent GS to TS or to SC comparisons, reporting any obstetric outcomes. MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, and PsycINFO databases were searched to October 2024, 34 specialist surrogacy researchers' publications assessed. Citations, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted in duplicate. Results tabulated, and random-effects meta-analysis using relative risks (RR) conducted (Cochrane Revman software version 5.4.1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 937 records, eight studies were included, four each in singleton pregnancies comparing GS to TS and TS to SC. GS to TS studies were small with imprecise results on obstetric and mental health outcomes. GS to SC studies showed worse pre-eclampsia/gestational hypertension (RR = 2.39 (95% CI = 1.15-4.49)), gestational diabetes (RR = 4.68 (95% CI = 1.53-14.25)), and pre-term birth (RR = 3.18 (95% CI = 1.64-6.14)).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current best available evidence is sparse but suggests higher rates of adverse obstetric and birth outcomes in GS pregnancies, concurring with donor egg non-surrogacy pregnancy research, and underlying causes are likely genetic. More research is needed comparing GS to TS and to SC and reporting singleton and twin pregnancy results. All parties considering GS should be informed of higher maternal and neonatal complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15246,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}