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A Simple Model on Mothers’ Autonomy, Health Inputs, and Child Health 母亲自主、健康投入和儿童健康的简单模型
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-12-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2903001
Biswajit Mandal, P. Bhattacharjee, Souvik Banerjee
{"title":"A Simple Model on Mothers’ Autonomy, Health Inputs, and Child Health","authors":"Biswajit Mandal, P. Bhattacharjee, Souvik Banerjee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2903001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2903001","url":null,"abstract":"Using traditional health capital model of Grossman (1972) and Wagstaff (1986a) this paper attempts to fill in the theoretical missing link between mothers’ autonomy and household consumption behavior, particularly focusing on the consumption of child health inputs. It has been shown in this analysis that working mothers’ children should be of better health status. Further independent of working status of the mother, the autonomy parameter always induces consumption of more health inputs for the children. However, when autonomy is linked with mothers’ income, the basic results of the model are further strengthened. In fact, income induced autonomy may result in redefining the composite consumption good for the family as an inferior one.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134110110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Assessing Indian Children & Women's Position with Respect to Disparities and Inequalities - A Goal Post from MDGs to SDGs 评估印度儿童和妇女在差距和不平等方面的地位——从千年发展目标到可持续发展目标的一个目标
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-12-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2889169
Vijay Jariwala
{"title":"Assessing Indian Children & Women's Position with Respect to Disparities and Inequalities - A Goal Post from MDGs to SDGs","authors":"Vijay Jariwala","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2889169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2889169","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is the analysis of situation of children and women in India in terms the disparities that persist among states and different sub-groups of population. This is important and essential for better targeting in terms of improved and pragmatic programme focus. It deals with three key indicators - Child Mortality especially Girl Child Mortality, Maternal Mortality and Girl Child Education as many of the other indicators link to these in the cause and effect chain to assess inequalities. Given India’s entrenched social hierarchy and complex cultural diversity, it is important to evaluate group-specific performance in assessing the achievements in MDGs and gaps prevail to cope of with SDGs. The MDGs then and now SDGs rest on education as the major tool to bring about gender equality. The widespread donor assumption that gender disparities would diminish as enrolments increased has had to be revisited in the present context of SDGs.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129486672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Land Reform, Property Rights and Private Investment: Evidence from a Planned Settlement in Rural Tanzania 土地改革、产权和私人投资:来自坦桑尼亚农村计划定居点的证据
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2905231
Francis Makamu, H. Kazianga
{"title":"Land Reform, Property Rights and Private Investment: Evidence from a Planned Settlement in Rural Tanzania","authors":"Francis Makamu, H. Kazianga","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2905231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2905231","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the mass resettlement of rural population in Tanzania that occurred in early 1970s. The policy was implemented to strengthen the role of the state in establishing villages for communal production and development. The villagisation process that followed was implemented with unclear goals, haste and at some point coercion that it was unlikely to bring any short-term improvement in the rural economy. We exploit a recent survey data to examine the impact of the ujamaa operation on farming activities. Our findings show that areas affected by the villagisation in which proprietary rights in land were given to households had significantly better transferability rights and had made significant investments in land. We detect improvement in access to rural credit market and a closing gender gap in land ownership.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128079503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Impact of Gender Equality Policies on Economic Growth 性别平等政策对经济增长的影响
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-05-26 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2785013
Jinyoun Kim, Jong‐Wha Lee, Kwanho Shin
{"title":"The Impact of Gender Equality Policies on Economic Growth","authors":"Jinyoun Kim, Jong‐Wha Lee, Kwanho Shin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2785013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2785013","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a model of gender inequality and economic growth that focuses on the determination of women's time allocation among market production, home production, child rearing, and child education. The theoretical model is based on Agenor (2016), but differs in several important dimensions. The model is calibrated using microlevel data of Asian economies, and numerous policy experiments are conducted to investigate how various aspects of gender inequality are related to the growth performance of the economy. The analysis shows that improving gender equality can contribute significantly to economic growth by changing females' time allocation and promoting accumulation of human capital. We find that if gender inequality is completely removed, aggregate income will be about 6.6% and 14.5% higher than the benchmark economy after one and two generations respectively, while corresponding per capita income will be higher by 30.6% and 71.1% in the hypothetical gender-equality economy. This is because fertility and population decrease as women participate more in the labor market.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130285626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Gender Differences in User-Generated Travel Photographs on Social Media 社交媒体上用户生成的旅行照片的性别差异
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-02-22 DOI: 10.16980/jitc.12.1.201602.77
Xuan Zhang, H. Yun
{"title":"Gender Differences in User-Generated Travel Photographs on Social Media","authors":"Xuan Zhang, H. Yun","doi":"10.16980/jitc.12.1.201602.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.12.1.201602.77","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the gender differences in user-generated travel photographs posted on social networking services. Using 515 travel photographs—285 generated by females and 230 generated by males—from China’s Sina Weibo website, the study analyzes the gender differences in the photographs and the geographical distribution differences using a geographical information system (GIS). The results show that there are statistical gender differences in terms of four variables: type of landscape, regional attribute, photographic distance, and number of people in the photograph. In particular, photographs generated by women tend to show natural landscapes, while photographs generated by males tend to show cultural landscapes. Additional researches are needed to determine the reason for such gender differences, as are advanced differential studies that would consider variables other than gender.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133570528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Empirical Analysis on Risk Perception towards Mutual Funds – a Study on Women Investors in Bengaluru (with Reference to Share Khan) 共同基金风险认知的实证分析——以班加罗尔女性投资者为例(参考Share Khan)
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-01-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3068642
Chandrakala Dp, S. N.
{"title":"An Empirical Analysis on Risk Perception towards Mutual Funds – a Study on Women Investors in Bengaluru (with Reference to Share Khan)","authors":"Chandrakala Dp, S. N.","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3068642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3068642","url":null,"abstract":"The research attempts to study the analysis of risk perception towards mutual fund women investors in present market. A survey has been used to collect primary data 250 questionnaires were used to interpret the results. The study is based on survey conducted in share khan in Bangalore in the month of January to June 2016. Questionnaires were developed through a stage process involving a review of literature and brief study on women investors’ perception on mutual fund investment in Sharekhan. For the purpose of analysis we used Microsoft excel and SPSS 16. After analysing the data, the problem which has been identified that most of the women investors are ready to bear risk in expectation of higher returns. There is a strong relationship in risk bearing capacity of investors while doing investment.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133194262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gender Dimensions of Inequality in the Countries of Central Asia, South Caucasus, and Western CIS 中亚、南高加索和独联体西部国家不平等的性别层面
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2727425
T. Khitarishvili
{"title":"Gender Dimensions of Inequality in the Countries of Central Asia, South Caucasus, and Western CIS","authors":"T. Khitarishvili","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2727425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2727425","url":null,"abstract":"The collapse of the Soviet Union initiated an unprecedented social and economic transformation of the successor countries and altered the gender balance in a region that counted gender equality as one of the key legacies of its socialist past. The transition experience of the region has amply demonstrated that the changes in the gender balance triggered by economic shifts are far from obvious, and that economic expansion and women's economic empowerment do not always go hand in hand. Therefore, active measures to enhance women’s economic empowerment should be of central concern to the policy dialogue aimed at poverty and inequality reduction and inclusive growth. In this paper, we establish the current state of various dimensions of gender inequalities and their past dynamics in the countries of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan), South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia), and Western CIS (Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine), and propose steps aimed at reducing those inequalities in the context of inclusive growth, decent job creation, and economic empowerment.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131105581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
A Study on Intra-Household Gender Relations of Ethnic Minorities in Northern Vietnam 越南北部少数民族家庭性别关系研究
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2773971
N. K. Doanh, Tran Nhuan Kien, L. Do, Bui Thi Minh Hang, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen
{"title":"A Study on Intra-Household Gender Relations of Ethnic Minorities in Northern Vietnam","authors":"N. K. Doanh, Tran Nhuan Kien, L. Do, Bui Thi Minh Hang, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2773971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2773971","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnic minorities are concentrated in upland and mountainous areas in Vietnam where access to infrastructure, health, and educational facilities is...","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131488848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Evolutionary Model of Prenatal and Postnatal Discrimination Against Females 对女性产前和产后歧视的进化模型
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-11-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2687070
Jorge Alcalde-Unzu, Rebeca A. Echávarri, Javier Husillos
{"title":"An Evolutionary Model of Prenatal and Postnatal Discrimination Against Females","authors":"Jorge Alcalde-Unzu, Rebeca A. Echávarri, Javier Husillos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2687070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2687070","url":null,"abstract":"Discrimination of born and unborn females is a well documented phenomenon in countries such as India, China, Taiwan or Korea. Empirical studies provide support for both an additive and a substitutive relationship between prenatal and postnatal discriminatory practices against females. We introduce a theoretical evolutionary model that endogenizes the preference for sons and, as a result, can explain why one or the other type of relationship emerges in a society.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127620172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Micro Finance, Empowerment of Rural Women and MDG3. An Empirical Study in Tamil Nadu 小额信贷、增强农村妇女权能和千年发展目标3。泰米尔纳德邦的实证研究
ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-10-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2672314
R. Karuppannan
{"title":"Micro Finance, Empowerment of Rural Women and MDG3. An Empirical Study in Tamil Nadu","authors":"R. Karuppannan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2672314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2672314","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of participating in microfinance through SHGs, the study concludes that there is empowerment of women. Among various dimensions of empowerment, information empowerment ranks first followed by psychological empowerment, economic empowerment, managerial empowerment, political empowerment and social empowerment. Hence the study concludes that microfinance through SHGs empowers women and the microfinance through SHG is an effective instrument to achieve MDG3 and MDG 3 can be achieved in India by 2015 through microfinance.","PeriodicalId":151778,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Women & Gender Issues (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125381260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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