Journal of biomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Test-retest reliability of a dance-specific jump test using wearable technology among university contemporary dancers","authors":"Meghan L. Critchley ,&nbsp;Lauren C. Benson ,&nbsp;Reed Ferber ,&nbsp;Kati Pasanen ,&nbsp;Sarah J. Kenny","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A dance-specific jump test utilizing inertial measurement units (IMUs) to determine limb symmetry indices (LSI) may prove useful for clinicians responsible for dancer populations.</div><div>The aim of this study was to determine test–retest reliability of a dance-specific jump test using wearable technology to capture limb asymmetry in university contemporary dancers. Nineteen female undergraduate dance majors participated in two testing sessions one week apart. IMUs (Vicon Motion Systems, UK) were attached to the distal anteromedial aspect of each tibia and at the L5/S1 joint. Participants performed three jumps: countermovement jump (CMJ), a single leg side hop (SH), and a dance-specific jump (DSJ). Test-retest reliability of asymmetry measures [i.e., peak impact acceleration (g), mean asymmetry (%)] and performance measures [i.e., flight time (sec), time to completion (sec), and jump height (cm)] were estimated using intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs (95% CI)] and Bland Altman methods of agreement [95% limits of agreement (LOA)]. For asymmetry measures, reliability was poor for CMJ [ICC 0.36 (95% CI −0.08–0.77)], moderate for SH [ICC 0.66 (95% CI 0.35–0.88)] and good for DSJ [ICC 0.82 (95% CI 0.49–0.94)]. Wide 95% LOA were demonstrated for all jumps. For performance measures, moderate to good reliability and acceptable LOA were found for all jumps. While a lack of agreement was found for asymmetry measures, sufficient reliability and acceptable agreement were established for performance measures for all jump tests in university contemporary dancers. This method may be used to monitor the performance of jumps and jump load throughout a training season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper and lower limb muscle stiffness in children with cerebral palsy compared to typically developing children: Insights from shear wave elastography","authors":"Dolors Casellas-Vidal ,&nbsp;Raquel Font-Lladó ,&nbsp;Inés Osiniri ,&nbsp;Maria Camós-Carreras ,&nbsp;Aintzane Ruiz-Eizmendi ,&nbsp;Juan Serrano-Ferrer ,&nbsp;Joaquim Casellas ,&nbsp;Abel López-Bermejo ,&nbsp;Anna Prats-Puig","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) experience altered muscle tone due to biomechanical changes, traditionally assessed through clinical scales. Shear wave elastography (SWE) offers a non-invasive way to quantify these changes. This study aimed to compare SWE measurements in spastic CP and typically developing (TD) children and investigate influencing factors such as joint position, range of motion, demographics, physical condition and, in CP children, the characteristics of CP. It also examined correlations between SWE measurements and spasticity scales in CP children. SWE measured the elastic modulus (kPa) of biceps brachii (BB), pronator teres (PT), adductor longus (AL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus (SOL) muscles at rest and during maximum passive stretching (MPS) in 34 spastic CP children (age: 3–17) and 44 TD children (age: 3–14). Significant differences (<em>p &lt;</em> 0.05) in SWE were found between CP and TD children. CP children had lower values in upper limb muscles and higher values in lower limb muscles at rest, with the opposite pattern during MPS. The Ashworth and Tardieu scales were associated with the elastic modulus in lower limb muscles (AL, GL, and SOL) at rest in CP children. Variations in elastic modulus at rest and MPS between upper and lower limbs and in spastic CP and TD children were revealed with no consistent correlation with spasticity scales. These variations were linked to neurological dysregulation and muscle architecture, with joint structures also affecting. SWE may offer a more precise assessment of muscle spasticity, minimizing the impact of confounding joint structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in pelvis-knee-foot coordination and variability among recreational runners","authors":"Rodrigo Paiva ,&nbsp;Leonardo Metsavaht ,&nbsp;Eliane Guadagnin ,&nbsp;Lorran Cerutti ,&nbsp;Gustavo Leporace","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Men and women exhibit distinct motor strategies while running, yet their impact on intersegmental coordination remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate differences between male and female recreational runners in intersegmental coordination and coordination variability among foot frontal plane (FP), knee sagittal plane (SP), and pelvis FP. Seventy-three recreational runners (31 females; 20–40 years) participated. Intersegmental coordination patterns, coordination variability, and the angles of foot FP, knee SP, and pelvis FP during stance phase were assessed using a motion analysis system and a modified vector coding technique. Groups were compared using unpaired t-tests and statistical parametric mapping (SPM). During early stance, women exhibited higher antiphase distal dominance (AD) compared to men for pelvis FP – foot FP (<em>p</em> = 0.03) and pelvis FP – knee SP (<em>p</em> = 0.05). No significant differences were observed during midstance. In late stance, women demonstrated greater in-phase proximal dominance for pelvis FP – foot FP (<em>p</em> = 0.001), lower in-phase distal dominance (<em>p</em> = 0.02) and AD (<em>p</em> = 0.01) for pelvis FP – foot FP, and lower AD for pelvis FP – knee SP (<em>p</em> = 0.01), compared to men. No differences were found for knee SP – foot FP. SPM revealed no significant differences in coordination variability. This study identified significant sex differences in intersegmental coordination, with women showing greater pelvic dominance and men exhibiting increased foot reliance during propulsion. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific approaches in optimizing running mechanics and injury prevention strategies. Despite these coordination differences, the similarity in coordination variability between sexes highlights the complexity of biomechanical adaptations in running.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate Weight-Bearing after tibial plateau fractures Enhances spatiotemporal gait parameters and minimize fall Risk: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mariam A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Jean-Michel Brismée ,&nbsp;Osama Farouk ,&nbsp;Hatem Galal Said ,&nbsp;Bassant Abdelhameed ,&nbsp;Amir Beltagi","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This randomized clinical trial evaluated the impact of immediate weight-bearing as tolerated on spatiotemporal gait parameters and fall risk in patients undergoing postoperative rehabilitation for tibial plateau fractures. A total of 106 patients who had undergone open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for Schatzker I-IV tibial plateau fractures were recruited, with 39 meeting the inclusion criteria and 10 lost to follow-up. Patients were randomly assigned to a non-weight-bearing group (NWB), following a 6-week non-weight-bearing rehabilitation protocol, or a weight-bearing group (WB), allowed immediate weight-bearing. Both groups received the same therapeutic exercise program. Gait parameters were assessed three months post-surgery, including step length, stride length, single stance time, double stance time, step time, stride time, velocity, cadence, stride width, and gait and balance scores from Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Of the 29 patients who completed the study, significant differences in favor of the WB group were observed for affected limb step length (p = 0.010), sound limb step length (p = 0.013), stride length (p = 0.010), affected single limb stance time (p = 0.001), sound single limb stance time (p = 0.007), velocity (p = 0.021), and POMA scores for balance (p = 0.021) and gait (p = 0.002). Immediate weight-bearing as tolerated after ORIF for Schatzker I-IV tibial plateau fractures resulted in improved spatiotemporal gait parameters and reduced fall risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural networks can accurately identify individual runners from their foot kinematics, but fail to predict their running performance","authors":"Patrick Mayerhofer ,&nbsp;David C. Clarke ,&nbsp;Ivan Bajić ,&nbsp;Christopher Napier ,&nbsp;J. Maxwell Donelan","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Athletes and coaches may seek to improve running performance through adjustments to running form. Running form refers to the biomechanical characteristics of a runner’s movement, and can distinguish individual runners as well as groups of runners, such as long-distance and short-distance runners. Yet, in long-distance running it is still unclear whether certain running forms lead to better performance. In this study, we used a neural network to test the extent to which individual running forms, measured from foot kinematics, exist within long-distance runners and whether running forms can predict performance. To accomplish this goal, 119 participants ran on a treadmill at three different speeds and overground at a self-selected sub- maximal speed while we collected data from insole-embedded Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) mounted in both shoes. Participants reported their personal best 10 km run times. We used these data to train the neural network to identify individual runners from their running data. Then, we trained the same neural network architecture to predict the runners’ performance. With enough data, the neural network was successful in identifying individual runners, but was comparable to a random coin flip (57 % accuracy) in predicting whether an individual runner is slow or fast. We interpret the success of the model to identify runners, but the subsequent failure of the same model to predict running performance as evidence that individual running form measured from foot kinematics contains insufficient information about a runner’s performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 112663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iliotibial band stiffness is associated with patellar height","authors":"Akihiro Asayama ,&nbsp;Masahide Yagi ,&nbsp;Masashi Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Ryusuke Nakai ,&nbsp;Noriaki Ichihashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased patellar height (i.e., patella alta) is associated with patellar instability, patellofemoral pain, and cartilage lesions. Despite its importance, the relationship between patellar height and soft-tissue stiffness remains unclear, which this study aimed to investigate. Twenty-two young participants (11 females; age 26.1 ± 3.8 years) were recruited for this study. The shear elastic moduli of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, lateral patellofemoral ligament, medial patellofemoral ligament, and iliotibial band (ITB) were measured using shear wave elastography as indices of soft-tissue stiffness, and Insall-Salvati ratio (ISR) and Patellotrochlear index (PTI) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging as indices of patellar height in the knee extended position. To evaluate the relationship between patellar height and soft-tissue stiffness, single regression analyses were performed with patellar height as the dependent variable and soft-tissue stiffness as the independent variable. The single regression analysis showed that the shear elastic modulus of ITB was significantly associated with both ISR and PTI (β = 0.58 and −0.53, respectively), however, other soft-tissues were not associated with either ISR or PTI. These findings indicate that patellar height increases with ITB stiffness, which suggests the possibility that decreasing ITB stiffness by means such as stretching, may decrease patellar height.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of load carriage on lateral stepping regulation during forced-marching","authors":"Kellen T. Krajewski ,&nbsp;Camille C. Johnson ,&nbsp;Qi Mi ,&nbsp;Shawn D. Flanagan ,&nbsp;William J. Anderst ,&nbsp;Christopher Connaboy","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forced-marching with heavy loads is a typical task for warfighters. Unfortunately, injury incidence is high during these tasks with the most common mechanism of injury being a slip, trip, or fall. Given that individuals are less stable in the mediolateral plane we sought to understand how load carriage, sex and task completion impacts parameters of mediolateral stability during forced-marching. Twenty-four (12F, 12 M) recruit-aged adults (18–35 years) completed trials of forced-marching unloaded and with a load 55 % of bodyweight. Mean and standard deviation of center of mass position (<em>z_B</em>), heading (<span><math><mi>Δ</mi></math></span> <em>z_B</em>), step-width (<em>w</em>), and trunk impulse (<em>J_Trunk</em>) were calculated. Detrended fluctuation analysis and direct control analysis were performed on time-series of each parameter. Only J_Trunk mean and variability changed between conditions, increasing with load (p = 0.006; p &lt; 0.001). Load had no effect on <em>z_B</em> and <span><math><mi>Δ</mi></math></span> <em>z_B</em> control with the former being minimally controlled and the latter tightly regulated. The addition of load decreased (p = 0.004) control of <em>w</em> and <em>J_Trunk</em> but the latter was still tightly regulated. There were no effects of sex but individuals who failed to complete the loaded trial had greater (p = 0.038) <em>J_Trunk</em> compared to those who did. The continued strict regulation of <em>J_Trunk</em> when loaded suggests an attempt to reduce large magnitude deviations. Larger <em>J_Trunk</em> of individuals unable to complete the task may indicate limited trunk muscle strength/endurance to restrict impulse. Alternatively, these individuals may utilize a coordinative pattern poorly suited for constraining trunk movement. Therefore, <em>J_Trunk</em> may represent an important parameter of assessment to identify individuals of greater risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creep deformation of the viscoelastic lumbar tissues: Effects of trunk flexion posture, exposure-recovery schedule, and individual flexibility","authors":"Sang Hyeon Kang ,&nbsp;Gary A. Mirka","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>In-vivo</em> human experiments have previously shown significant effects of trunk flexion angle and exposure-recovery schedule on the creep response of the viscoelastic tissues of the lumbar spine. In the current study we explore the effects of trunk flexion, exposure-recovery schedules, and lumbar flexibility on this creep response. Sixteen participants, categorized into two groups based on lumbar flexibility (GROUP: low-flexible, high-flexible), performed four 30-minute protocols consisting of alternating periods of trunk flexion (exposure) and periods of upright standing (recovery). On four different days, combinations of two trunk flexion postures (POSTURE: Max, SubMax) and two exposure-recovery schedules (ER: Long (3 min:6 min), Short (1 min:2 min)) were tested. Trunk flexion–extension motions were performed before/after the 30-minute protocol to capture the changes in peak lumbar flexion angles and changes in the angles of flexion-relaxation in L3/L4 paraspinals that resulted from the protocols. The analysis of lumbar flexibility showed that the low-flexible group had significantly greater changes in the L4 flexion-relaxation angle in the Max posture (Δ2.2°) than in the SubMax posture (Δ1.0°), while the high-flexible group showed no POSTURE effect, indicating a POSTURE × GROUP interaction. In addition, the high-flexible group exhibited greater creep responses in the Short (1:2) condition (Δ2.5°) than in the Long (3:6) condition (Δ0.6°) while the low-flexible group showed no ER effect, denoting an ER × GROUP interaction. Collectively, these results support the complex, multi-dimensional nature of viscoelastic creep responses, and particularly note the impact of an individual’s lumbar flexibility in these responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric cushioning lattice insole based on finite element method and machine learning: A preliminary computational analysis","authors":"Zhenghui Lu ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Dong Sun ,&nbsp;Yang Song ,&nbsp;Gusztáv Fekete ,&nbsp;András Kovács ,&nbsp;Kámán András ,&nbsp;Yaodong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cushioning performance of insole has always been a critical consideration in its design. While the development of intelligent methods and the emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) technology have enhanced design freedom and convenience, a standardized approach to guide designers in selecting optimal materials and structures for specific scenarios is still lacking. This study aims to propose a controllable parameterized lattice cushioning insole (PLI) by integrating finite element (FE) and machine learning (ML) methods. The insole performance can be adjusted by modifying the structural parameters (a, b) and the internal strut thickness (t). The findings indicate that PLI, under the optimal parameter combination (a = 2.54, b = 3.56, t = 3.15), can reduce plantar pressure by up to 44.45 %, which may be achieved by increasing the contact between the footwear and the foot. The data-driven PLI optimization design method proposed in this study significantly enhances the cushioning performance of insole structures, simplifies the optimization process for selecting insole structures or materials, and provides a systematic and efficient solution for insole design. Although the initial preparation of material data is time-intensive, the trained model eliminates the need for repeated laboratory gait analysis or plantar pressure measurements, offering a foundational reference for clinical applications in insole structure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related differences in the modulation of muscle coordination complexity for goal-directed lateral stepping","authors":"Grant T. Maddox ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Shelton ,&nbsp;Vicki S. Mercer ,&nbsp;Jason R. Franz ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Falls in older adults often occur during everyday walking activities, especially those with complex mediolateral demands. How muscle coordination is modulated to achieve these complex mediolateral demands and how age-related changes in modulation may compromise this ability are unknown. This study investigates age-related changes in the complexity of muscle coordination during a goal-directed lateral stepping task using electromyography and motor module analysis. Twenty-nine older adults (OA) and twenty-six younger adults (YA) performed habitual treadmill walking and a goal-directed lateral stepping task designed to mirror real-world tasks with increased lateral movement demands. Muscle coordination complexity was quantified using the variability accounted for by one motor module, with higher values indicating reduced complexity. Both YA and OA exhibited reduced muscle coordination complexity in the stance leg during precision stepping compared to habitual treadmill walking. This reduction was larger for OA and associated with worse walking balance. In contrast, muscle coordination complexity was not different across conditions in the stepping leg for either age group. The results of this study provide insights into age-related differences in how muscle coordination complexity is modulated to meet goal-directed lateral stepping demands during walking that may help explain increased susceptibility to falls in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}