Journal of applied physiology最新文献

{"title":"Learning lessons from the world's best middle-distance runner.","authors":"Mark Burnley","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00395.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00395.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":"139 1","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human skeletal muscle-specific hypertrophy with exercise training and aging: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Caroline S Vincenty, Gilhyeon Yoon, Kaitlyn Rogers, Masatoshi Naruse, Scott Trappe, Todd A Trappe","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00892.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00892.2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related skeletal muscle atrophy is a muscle group-specific process. Therefore, we were interested in understanding exercise-induced hypertrophy across different muscles in older individuals. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the available information on muscle-specific hypertrophy responses to exercise training with aging (≥60 yr). In total, 6,018 peer-reviewed publications were reviewed for inclusion [e.g., supervised resistance (RE) or aerobic (AE) exercise training; MRI, CT, or ultrasound-determined muscle size], resulting in 1,417 individuals from 68 studies (RE: <i>n</i> = 1,254; AE: <i>n</i> = 163). Data were divided across age (60-69, 70-79, 80-89, and ≥90 yr) and duration (≤9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-24, and ≥25 wk), with the majority coming from the sexa- and septuagenarians (<i>n</i> = 1,335, 94%) and 10-14 wk of training (<i>n</i> = 806, 57%). The number of muscle groups (RE: 7, AE: 8) and subcomponent muscles (RE: 10, AE: 16) was a low representation of the whole body musculature, with 79% of the data (<i>n</i> = 1,113) coming from the quadriceps. The 10-14 wk responses showed a range of unique muscle-specific hypertrophy and atrophy (RE: 60-69 yr: 2%-14% across 6 muscles; 70-79 yr: 1%-12% across 9 muscles; AE: 70-79 yr: -6% to +9% across 22 muscles). The large quadriceps-only resistance exercise training dataset (60-79 yr) showed that no additional hypertrophy was observed with increased training repetitions (i.e., dose) and that men and women elicited an equivalent hypertrophic training response. The optimal exercise training mode(s) and dose(s) for all of the skeletal muscles of sexa-, septa-, octo-, and nonagenarian women and men are far from being elucidated based on the current scientific literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":"58-69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durability, Fatigability, Repeatability and Resilience in Endurance Sports: Definitions, Distinctions, and Implications.","authors":"Benedikt Meixner, Michael J Joyner, Billy Sperlich","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00343.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00343.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity during high altitude acclimatization.","authors":"Jou-Chung Chang, Leah M Mann, Katherine M Taylor, Benjamin P Thompson, Scott T Thrall, Megan L Lance, Richard J A Wilson, Trevor A Day, Glen E Foster, Paolo B Dominelli","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypercapnic sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors can be enhanced by sustained exposure to high altitude (HA), leading to a greater ventilatory response to hypercapnic stimulus. Exercise is known to also increase peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity (PHC) in an intensity-independent manner. We sought to determine how sustained exposure to hypobaric hypoxia influences exercise-induced potentiation of PHC. Twenty-one healthy participants were recruited to complete a maximal and submaximal exercise test at both low altitude (LA; Calgary, Canada, 1,100 m) and high altitude (HA; La Paz, Bolivia, 3,500 m). Both tests were conducted on a cycle ergometer with submaximal tests following 2-5 days after arrival at LA and 6-10 days after arrival at HA. The PHC was assessed at rest and throughout two 10-min submaximal exercise bouts by giving two breaths of a hypercapnic inspirate (10% CO₂, 21% O₂) and was repeated five times each separated by 40-60 s. The PHC response was quantified as the quotient of the change in ventilation (V̇_I) over the change in end-tidal PCO₂ ([Formula: see text]) following each hypercapnic stimulus. At HA, compared with LA, there was a greater resting V̇_I (15 ± 3 vs. 12 ± 2 L·min^-1, <i>P</i> = 0.0016) and lower resting [Formula: see text] (27 ± 3 vs. 37 ± 4 mmHg, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). Resting PHC at HA was greater than LA (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 0.9 ± 0.4 L·min^-1·mmHg^-1, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). The increase in PHC induced by exercise was not different between LA and HA (+38 ± 60% vs. +24 ± 51%, <i>P</i> = 0.18). Sustained high-altitude exposure increases resting PHC, and exercise at HA sensitizes the peripheral chemoreceptors to a similar extent as LA.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Temporary residence at 3,500 m resulted in a greater resting peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity than at 1,100 m. Exercise increases hypercapnic sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors from rest at both 1,100 m and 3,500 m, but the magnitude of increase from rest was not different between altitudes. The mechanism for the increased peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity induced by exercise is likely unaffected by altitude exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":"91-97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models of cerebrovascular reactivity in BOLD-fMRI and transcranial Doppler ultrasound.","authors":"Genevieve Hayes, Sierra Sparks, Daniel P Bulte, Joana Pinto","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00107.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00107.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of cerebrovasculature to respond to meet tissue demands is vital for normal brain function and health. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), a measure of the responsiveness of cerebrovasculature to vasoactive stimuli, is a valuable tool for evaluating cerebrovascular health. Although CVR is commonly assessed using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), which measures blood velocity, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based techniques such as blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) imaging, which reflect changes in blood oxygenation, direct comparisons between these modalities remain limited, particularly with stimuli that induce a large dynamic range. Because both methods capture hypercapnia-induced vascular changes, we hypothesized that their CVR metrics may be correlated. This study evaluates intermodality correlations of CVR using TCD and BOLD-functional MRI (fMRI) extracted from the middle cerebral artery territory (parietal lobe) during a ramped hypercapnic protocol and different modeling strategies. Linear correlations across broad end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text]) ranges validated the utility of linear CVR modeling in capturing repeatable metrics using TCD and MRI. A four-parameter sigmoid model revealed significant intermodality variability in span and bound parameters, improved by fixing these parameters and focusing on slope and inflection point, which enhanced the correlations between modalities. These results support the reliability of linear CVR modeling within narrow vasoactive response ranges in healthy subjects and propose a simplified two-parameter sigmoid model as an effective framework for characterizing nonlinear CVR dynamics. This work adds to the sparse literature on intermodality CVR comparisons and indicates which CVR metrics are comparable between TCD and BOLD-fMRI, emphasizing CVR as a useful tool for assessing cerebrovascular health in research and clinical contexts.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> This study compares cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) between transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) and BOLD-fMRI using a hypercapnia protocol. Linear intermodality correlations across [Formula: see text] ranges validate linear CVR modeling. Significant variability in a four-parameter sigmoid model was mitigated by fixing span and bound parameters, supporting a two-parameter model for improved agreement but reducing sensitivity to diminished reserve. These findings clarify which CVR metrics are consistent between TCD and BOLD-fMRI, advancing multimodal integration for cerebrovascular health assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":"219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond physiology: the role of footwear technology in the women's sub-4 min mile.","authors":"Víctor Rodrigo-Carranza, Wouter Hoogkamer","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00423.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00423.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":"139 1","pages":"257-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking 4: what it takes for a woman to run a sub-4-minute mile.","authors":"Alejandro Alda-Blanco, Fernando González-Mohíno","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00415.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00415.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":"139 1","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-4-min mile: best case scenario from female world records.","authors":"Michele Zanini, Andrew Shaw, Richard Ferguson","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00440.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00440.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":"139 1","pages":"249-250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under four, on the brink.","authors":"Samuel N Cheuvront","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00426.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00426.2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":"139 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relation between proprioceptive ability and physical function in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Lucy S Robertson, Georgia Fisher, Joanna Diong, Annie A Butler, Simon C Gandevia, Martin E Héroux","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between proprioceptive ability and physical function is commonly assessed in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis to investigate the etiology of functional deficits. The primary aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the magnitude of this association. We also investigated whether the magnitude of these associations was influenced by <i>1</i>) study sample size, <i>2</i>) the pairing of body regions targeted by assessments of proprioceptive ability and physical function, <i>3</i>) the proprioceptive sense assessed, and <i>4</i>) the type of proprioceptive assessment (low-level proprioception; high-level proprioception). A total of 56 studies reporting 438 measures of association were included. The magnitude of the associations ranged from -0.31 to 0.93 (<i>r</i> and ρ), with 92% being positive (better proprioceptive ability associated with better physical function). Study sample size, pairing of assessments, and type of low-level proprioceptive assessment (detect, discriminate, match) did not systematically influence the direction or magnitude of the associations. Ninety-seven percent of assessments focused on low-level proprioception and kinesthesia (position and movement sense). When studies discussed their measures of association, 50% used language that implied causality. Despite a detailed breakdown of measures of association, no clear pattern emerged regarding the link between proprioceptive ability and physical function. Future studies in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis should <i>1</i>) move away from simple measures of association to infer causation given that several interrelated and potentially confounding deficits coexist, and <i>2</i>) assess various aspects of proprioception, including high-level proprioception, as they differentially contribute to physical function.</p>","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":"167-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}