Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"High throughput pre-breeding evaluation of Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum) reveals multi-purpose genotypes for different industrial uses","authors":"Eirini Sarrou ,&nbsp;Eftichia Martinidou ,&nbsp;Luisa Palmieri ,&nbsp;Ioanna Poulopoulou ,&nbsp;Foteini Trikka ,&nbsp;Domenico Masuero ,&nbsp;Gauly Matthias ,&nbsp;Ioannis Ganopoulos ,&nbsp;Paschalina Chatzopoulou ,&nbsp;Stefan Martens","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Origanum vulgare</em></span> L. subsp. <em>hirtum</em><span><span><span> (commonly known as Greek oregano) is a perennial species of the </span>Lamiaceae<span> family that counts numerous applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. The exploitation of Greek oregano </span></span>germplasm<span><span><span> lies in its unique diversity in secondary metabolites<span>, which are accumulated in the aerial parts of the plant. For the industrial exploitation of this crop the starting germplasm is of high importance in terms of valorizing well characterized chemotypes with desired and stable agronomic and </span></span>phytochemical<span> traits. For this reason, a pre-breeding evaluation of twenty-one accessions collected and preserved under the same environmental conditions was performed in order to develop a descriptive database containing: a) morphometric traits, b) the genetic structure, c) the extensive metabolic fingerprint in terms of volatile composition, polyphenolic and </span></span>triterpenoid content, and d) the ‘bio-activity’ on the embryonic development of </span></span><span><em>Ascaridia galli</em></span><span> eggs for highly divergent accessions. This study revealed the existence of essential oil rich chemotypes superior in morphometric characteristics, containing high carvacrol<span> content (&gt; 75%) and traces of thymol<span> (&lt; 5%), according to the requested international standards. Apart from genotypes considered as ‘high yield essential oil-producers’ (&gt; 6%), accessions of highly productivity of ‘green’ raw materials rich in polyphenols and triterpenoids were also identified. According to their rosmarinic acid content, Greek oregano accessions were classified in three groups; 1) those with significantly high concentration (1640–2726 mg 100 g</span></span></span>⁻¹ dry weight), 2) those expressing intermediate content (1103–1200 mg 100 g⁻¹ dry weight), and 3) the ones with significantly low content (&lt; 873 mg 100 g⁻¹<span><span> dry weight). A total of 118 polymorphic alleles were identified using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAPs) and simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers, while 2 genetic clusters based on a single data matrix with SRAPs and SSRs alleles, were identified. The presence of private bands in some accessions was also observed, which can be used in future breeding programs for germplasm authentication purposes. As a result this study provides a comprehensive knowledge on metabolic and </span>genetic diversity of Greek oregano accessions native to Greece, as well as powerful tools for the selection of starting genetic materials for subsequent breeding studies to create superior cultivars. The multifaceted approach was developed to exploit the genetic resources of Greek oregano in further breeding programs for subsequent selection of genotypes with desired traits.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44216912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and validated semi - quantification high-performance thin layer chromatography method development for lupeol, lupeol acetate, β-sitosterol, ρ-coumaric acid and proto-catechuic acid in the root extracts of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. & Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn.","authors":"Sujith Thatipelli ,&nbsp;Murugammal Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Shakila Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Gopinath Pushparathinam","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>H. indicus</em><span> (L.) R. Br. roots are widely used in traditional medicine systems in India. </span><em>D. hamiltonii</em> Wight &amp; Arn. It looks like <em>H. indicus</em><span> and is substituted in the traditional herbal market. Five marker compounds, namely lupeol<span>, lupeol acetate (LA), β-sitosterol (BS), ρ-coumaric acid (PC) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) were quantified, and the method was validated. Separation of lupeol (R</span></span>_f max 0.48), LA (R_f max 0.75) and BS (R_f<span><span> max 0.36) was achieved using hexane: </span>ethyl acetate (8:2, </span><em>v/v</em>) and scanned at λ520 nm after derivatization with vanillin–sulphuric acid reagent (VSR). For PC (R_f 0.59) and PCA (R_f<span> 0.47), the separation was performed using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:5:0.5, </span><em>v/v/v</em>) and scanned at λ254 nm. The validation parameters include linearity, accuracy, precision, the limit of detection and quantification (LOD and LOQ), repeatability, specificity and recovery as per ICH guidelines. Lupeol, LA and BS were found to be present in both plants; PC was present in <em>H. indicus,</em> and PCA was present in <em>D. hamiltonii</em>. The calibration plots were linear in the range (<em>μ</em>g/band) of 5–15 for lupeol; 20–45 for LA; 1–5 for PC; 5–20 for BS, and PCA. The LOD were 0.0181, 0.023, 0.080, 0.0021 and 0.0019 (<em>μ</em>g/band) for lupeol, LA, BS, PC and PCA, respectively, concerning area, correlation coefficients (r²) were 0.9980, 0.9988, 0.9958, 0.9998 and 0.9938 for lupeol, LA, BS, PC and PCA respectively. The validated high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method provided an excellent linear relationship for all the quantified analytes; hence it may be used for quantitative estimation of the above markers to assess the quality of <em>H. indicus</em> and <em>D. hamiltonii</em> or herbal formulations containing them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47375909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable agriculture of tropical spices: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as an ecotechnological tool − A critical review","authors":"Rositta Varghese ,&nbsp;J.G. Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>A thorough critical analysis of the existing literature on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi<span> (AMF) in spices provides significant findings. Although the International Standard Organisation (ISO) has listed about 109 plant products as spices and fifty or more spice crops are commonly used worldwide, AMF studies in spices currently are limited. However, a high diversity of forty-one species of AMF is reported from the rhizosphere of ten spices included in this study. Among the AMF species, </span></span><span><em>Glomus</em></span> spp. (some of which are now known by new names), followed by <span><em>Acaulospora</em></span><span><span><span><span> spp., dominate spice fields. In spices, the AMF provides nutritional benefits such as increased accumulation of P and other nutrients, especially K, N, Fe, Zn, and Mn. Thereby, AMF boosts the photosynthetic activity of spices by enabling them to have more chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Thus, AMF directly contributes to diverse plant growth characteristics, including fruiting quality and seed yield in spices. AMF also stimulates </span>secondary metabolite<span> production in spice crops by directly enhancing biomass production<span> or indirectly activating the secondary metabolite synthesis pathway. The synthesis of terpenoids in spices is connected with increased absorption of nutrients such as phosphorus. Thus, AMF contributes indirectly to the quality of spices. Experimental studies state that AMF is crucial in certain spice crops' </span></span></span>biofortification<span>, especially selenium (Se). The extra nutritional benefits of AMF in the cultivation of spice crops include overcoming diverse environmental stresses, pests, and diseases<span>. Therefore, AMF is a well-known inevitable biological component in spice fields, essential to sustainable cultivation of spices and improved spice quality. However, among the AMF known in spices, identification up to the species level is not available in many cases. Knowledge of AMF concerning soil types, seasons, and other environmental variables is limited. Moreover, the ecology of AMF in spice fields, especially optimization of factors concerning the effectiveness of specific AMF in specific spices, is significant to its application as a natural tool for sustaining soil fertility and crop productivity. Therefore, intensive research on AMF diversity of more spice crops over diverse soil and agroclimatic regions in different seasons has become essential worldwide. In addition, AMF activity concerning the root morphology<span> and architecture in specific spices is also significant. Such studies need to be complemented with intensive experimental studies for optimization in variables (plant, fungal, and other environmental factors) in the judicious application of AMF in cultivating spices. A comprehensive review of research on all such aspects of AMF applications in spice crops has yet to appear in the literature. Since the global deman","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46598221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetative propagation of Berberis asiatica Roxb. Ex DC., Ginkgo biloba L., Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth ex Kurz, and Rhododendron arboreum Sm. through stem cuttings","authors":"L.S. Lodhiyal ,&nbsp;Neelu Lodhiyal ,&nbsp;Riya Gupta ,&nbsp;Sushma Tamta ,&nbsp;Falak Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Harsh Kumar Chauhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>The population of medicinal plants such as </span>Berberis<span><span> asiatica, Ginkgo biloba, </span>Rauvolfia serpentina<span>, and Rhododendron arboreum is declining from their natural habitats due to high commercial exploitation, medicinal value, slow-growing nature, and climate change. The present study was carried to assess the effects of </span></span></span>IAA<span>, IBA, and Rootex PD.01 (commercial 1000 mg kg</span></span>⁻¹<span> of indole-3-butyric acid formulation) on survival and growth performance of stem cuttings so as to develop the vegetative propagation<span> protocols for B. asiatica, G. biloba, R. serpentina, and R. arboreum. Four hundred eighty cuttings (120 cuttings of each species) with 0.5–1 cm diameter and 10 cm length were sterilized with 1 g L</span></span>⁻¹<span> bavistin and treated with 250 mg L</span>⁻¹ concentration of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and Rootex PD.01 (1000 mg kg-1 of IBA) respectively. The survival was highest in G. biloba (90 %) followed by R. serpentina (83.3 %), B. asiatica (80 %) and R. arboreum (66.6 %). Stem cuttings treated with Rootex PD.01 exhibited maximum root length in species i.e. B. asiatica (5.2 cm), G. biloba (8.3 cm), R. serpentina (8.4 cm) and R. arboreum (6.7 cm) respectively. Other growth parameters such as shoot height, shoot diameter, number of leaves per node, number of leaves per plant, and root number were also maximum in stem cuttings treated with Rootex PD.01. This study concluded Rootex PD.01 for the propagation of these species thereby ensuring inexpensive and efficient protocols for mass-scale cultivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42096409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of multiple linear regression, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis for optimizing dried fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) extraction process","authors":"Traiphop Phahom ,&nbsp;Jun'ichi Mano","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fingerroot (<em>Boesenbergia rotunda</em><span><span>) is a medicinal plant<span>. Recently, it was reported to have the highest potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity among 122 Thai medicinal plants, owing to its phenolic compounds. In this study, we aimed to optimize the conditions for extracting phenolics and their functional properties from dried fingerroot. To design the extraction conditions, fifteen treatments<span> were obtained from a combination of three independent variables (temperature, time, and methanol content in acetone) using a Box-Behnken design. The extraction conditions were evaluated based on total phenolic content (TPC), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and acrolein scavenging ability (ACSA). These values were fitted to a quadratic polynomial model utilizing </span></span></span>multiple linear regressions (MLR). Principal component analysis (PCA), together with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), was then used to select the optimal conditions. The predictive models well described the TPC and ACSA. Employing the optimized conditions, i.e., 45 °C, 60 min, and 75% methanol, resulted in the extract having 2.98 mg GAE g</span>_dw⁻¹, 2.02 mg TE g_dw⁻¹, and 0.156 nmol s⁻¹g_dw⁻¹ for TPC, FRAP, and ACSA, respectively. These results were 3.5-, 4.1-, and 2.5-fold higher than the lowest values predicted by the developed models for TPC, FRAP, and ACSA, respectively. The extraction conditions for TPC, FRAP, and ACSA from dried fingerroot were successfully optimized. The combined technique (MLR+PCA+HCA) proposed in this study yielded results comparable to those obtained using conventional techniques. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative optimization method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45337696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green solvents-based rutin extraction from Sophora japonica L.","authors":"Nhan Trong Le ,&nbsp;Trieu Phat Dac Nguyen ,&nbsp;Duc Viet Ho ,&nbsp;Huong Thanh Phung ,&nbsp;Hoai Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Using green solvents to extract bioactive ingredients from medicinal herbs is a new trend for sustainable development procedures. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability to extract rutin from </span><span><em>Sophora</em><em> japonica</em></span><span><span> L. using deep eutectic solvents (DESs), recover the target compound from extract, and reuse the solvent. Additionally, the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of the DESs extracts were also assessed. DESs of </span>choline chloride<span> and ethylene glycol (ChCl-Eth) showed the highest extraction efficiency of rutin from </span></span><em>Sophora japonica</em><span> L. The main factors affecting extraction yields were optimized by the response surface methodology<span> (RSM). Under optimized conditions, the extraction yields using DESs and methanol as solvents were 26.20 % and 19.49 %, respectively. Water (as an antisolvent) was used to recover rutin from the DESs extract with a recovery yield of 94.9 %. The DESs solvent was recovered and recycled at least three times without loss of extraction yields. The DESs of ChCl-Eth had no significant effect on the antioxidant activity of rutin and the recovered rutin has exhibited more antioxidant activity than methanol extract. The selected greens solvents and their extracts did not show cytotoxic activity against the human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293A). The results serve as a basis for the development of other studies, as a premise to deploy a safe and environmentally friendly process of extracting natural active ingredients on an industrial scale.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44003000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germination parameters of Boswellia sacra Flueck. seeds and the possibility of their improvement by sorting","authors":"Lukáš Karas ,&nbsp;Kateřina Houšková ,&nbsp;Hana Habrová","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to 1/ evaluate basic germination characteristics of <span><em>Boswellia sacra</em></span><span> seeds in two years of maturation (2018 and 2020), which differed in weather conditions before flowering and fruiting, 2/ find out the reason why the majority of the seeds do not germinate, and 3/ to determine whether seed sorting by floating effectively removes empty seeds. Two seed sets collected in 2018 and 2020 were germinated in trials to evaluate basic germination characteristics for unsorted seeds and seeds after 7- and 24-hours of soaking in water. The higher germination rate of seeds was reached for the set collected in 2018 compared to the one from 2020; sedimented up to 7 h of soaking in water seed set had the highest germination rate; seeds germinated quickly; most seeds germinated up to 4 days from the beginning of the germination test. To support the best result of germination rate of any set of seeds, we recommend seed soaking in water for about 7 h to sort out empty seeds which proportion could be relatively high.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45583949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Portulaca oleracea L., the extraction kinetics and bioactivity of the extract","authors":"Zhi-Ting Liu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiu-Juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Tong-Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Shan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Qiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this study, a response surface methodology<span> was employed to optimize the extraction conditions for total flavonoids (TF) from </span></span><span><em>Portulaca oleracea</em></span><span>. The screening of significant factors was conducted using the Plackett-Burman design, followed by further optimization using the Box–Behnken design. The optimized extraction conditions yielded a TF content of 21.64 ± 0.35 mg rutin equivalents/g. The phenomenological model indicated that the use of ultrasound assistance improved the extraction efficiency by accelerating the dissolution process of TF. The flavonoid extracts from </span><em>P. oleracea</em> exhibited activity against <span><em>Cutibacterium acnes</em></span><span>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.39 mg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 0.78 mg/mL. Moreover, these extracts demonstrated DPPH<span> free radical scavenging activity, with an IC</span></span>₅₀<span><span> value of 0.019 mg/mL. Notably, the extracts obtained through ultrasound-assisted extraction exhibited higher total flavonoid content, antibacterial activity, and </span>antioxidant activity compared to those obtained through conventional solvent extraction. The analysis of the </span><em>P. oleracea</em><span> flavonoid extract identified rutin, quercetin<span><span>, kaempferol<span><span>, isorhamnetin, </span>apigenin, and </span></span>luteolin as the main flavonoid components. These findings highlight the validity of ultrasound-assisted extraction as a reliable method for obtaining flavonoids from </span></span><em>P. oleracea</em> and underscore the potential of <em>P. oleracea</em> for application in the cosmetic industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49762341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotype variations in karyotypes and 2C DNA content in Drimia indica (Roxb.) Jossop: An important medicinal plant","authors":"Padmaja Patel ,&nbsp;Surbat Kumar Dehery ,&nbsp;Satya Narayan Jena ,&nbsp;Chinmay Pradhan ,&nbsp;Anath Bandhu Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Indian squill (</span><em>Drimia indica</em><span><span><span>) belonging to the family Asparagaceae is a highly medicinal herb with several therapeutic properties. Detailed </span>karyotype analysis and 2C DNA contents were reported in twelve </span>ecotypes of </span><em>D. indica</em><span><span> from different geographical locations in the state of Odisha, India. The diploid somatic chromosome 2n = 20 was recorded in four ecotypes ODi-16 (Kendrapada), ODi-23 (Tikarpada), ODi-24 (Daspalla), and ODi-26 (Odagaon) while tetraploid having 2n = 40 was newly reported in one ecotype from Nuagaon (Eco-ODi-06). </span>Aneuploid<span> chromosome number<span><span><span> 2n = 26 was obtained in ecotypes from Similipal and Satkosia besides 2n = 32 was newly reported in ecotypes from Bitarkanika and Narasinghpur. The ecotypes ODi-22 (Nayagarh) and ODi-11 (Nilagiri) were found to be with 2n = 16 and 2n = 22 respectively. The 2C DNA content analysis showed a 2.19-fold increase which is confirmed by an increase in the number and chromosome length of ecotypes. The 2C DNA values were found highest at 36.26 p.g. (2n = 40) in Eco-ODi-06 (Nuagaon) and lowest 16.54 p.g. (2n = 16) in Eco-ODi-22 of Nayagarh that corresponds with </span>ploidy and </span>genome size. The asymmetry in the karyotypes showed non-significant clusters among the ecotypes except ecotypes ODi-26 (Odagaon) and ODi-2a (Bhitarkanika) which are most asymmetric having advanced karyotypic features as compared to the ecotypes ODi-01, ODi-08 and ODi-22 having symmetric karyotypes. The chromosome characteristics along with genome size analysis of </span></span></span><em>D. indica</em><span><span><span> can be very useful in establishing genome-specific cytotypes which can be used for breeding programs for crop improvement. Furthermore, enhancement of therapeutic phytoconstituents and cyto-taxonomic identification from adulterants and confirmation of </span>allopolyploidy or </span>autopolyploidy through genomic </span><em>in situ</em><span> hybridization could unravel the potential of this plant in relation to secondary metabolite production.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42395271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental compositions and stable isotope signatures for determining the geographical origin of salep orchids collected from different regions of Turkey","authors":"Ayşe Kevser Bilgin ,&nbsp;Mehmet Fatih Cengiz ,&nbsp;Barçın Karakaş-Budak ,&nbsp;Cevdet Gümüş ,&nbsp;Serpil Alırız Kılıç ,&nbsp;Fatih Perinçek ,&nbsp;Onur Basançelebi ,&nbsp;Ekrem Sezik ,&nbsp;Muharrem Certel","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Salep is a highly valued natural food and medicinal commodity with strict regulations on its use and export. It is produced from </span>tubers of </span>orchids<span> and consumed for its delectable and functional qualities in different parts of the world. This study aimed to identify and compare the elemental composition and isotope ratios of salep based on discrimination of geographical origins. The samples were collected from five different regions (North, Southwest, South, Southeast and East Anatolia) of Turkey. The 21 microelements (Li, Be, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl and Bi) were determined by </span></span>inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), while the isotope ratios (</span><em>δ</em>¹³C, <em>δ</em>¹⁵N, <em>δ</em>¹⁸O and <em>δ</em>²<span>H) were determined using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). According to the ICP-MS results, Fe, Zn and Mn comprised around 77% of the elemental composition. North Anatolia samples had higher concentrations of Cr and Ni, while samples from Southeast and East Anatolia regions were enriched in Cs. Isotopic ratios varied significantly between samples and minimum and maximum ratios were determined as − 29.76 and − 26.63‰, 0 and 6.66‰, 28.09 and 37.31‰, − 144.86 and − 84.20‰ for the </span><em>δ</em>¹³C, <em>δ</em>¹⁵N, <em>δ</em>¹⁸O and <em>δ</em>²H, respectively. Collected isotopic data was also evaluated by multivariate statistical analyses to discriminate according to their geographical origins of salep tubers. According to the findings, the samples had a characteristic isotopic fingerprint and the isotope ratios can be important predictors for the discrimination of geographical origins. Results indicate the significant compositional variation between salep of different origins, which may be attributable to differences in environmental conditions such as climate and soil composition and intrinsic factors such as fungal associations of orchids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47183256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}