Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"Impact of plant-based maceration as a green extraction method on the physicochemical and biological properties of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis organic volatile isolates","authors":"Nutthawut Charoimek,&nbsp;Piyachat Sunanta,&nbsp;Tibet Tangpao,&nbsp;Ratchuporn Suksathan,&nbsp;Warintorn Ruksiriwanich,&nbsp;Marcus Nagle,&nbsp;Sarana Rose Sommano,&nbsp;Sasithorn Sirilun","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gardenia jasminoides</em> J. Ellis, commonly known as Thai gardenia, is a promising floral resource for the perfume and fragrance industries. Conventional enfleurage relies on animal fats, which raise ethical, contamination, and sustainability concerns. This study proposes a modified maceration process using vegetable oils including rice bran, soybean, and coconut oil as green, animal-free lipid matrices, benchmarked against hexane solvent extraction and hydro-distillation. The volatile composition of the resulting oils was characterised by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and validated against headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) analysis, while physicochemical and antioxidant properties were evaluated. The results showed that hot and cold maceration using coconut oil produced the highest extract recovery yields 42.98% and 44.42% (w/w, dry weight basis), respectively. compared to 3.18% for hexane extraction and 2.23% for hydro-distillation. Hexane solvent extraction yielded a volatile profile most similar to that of fresh flowers, with principal components including allyl cyclohexane (26.51%), 3-hexen-1-ol (20.62%), hexyl tiglate (12.62%), γ-cadinene (10.30%), α-farnesene (4.74%), and linalool (4.41%), as well as characteristic fresh, floral, and fruity odour descriptors. Hot and cold maceration using rice bran oil produced the highest total phenolic content (TPC: 4.19 and 4.46 mg GAE/mL) and total flavonoid content (TFC: 16.14 and 15.77 mg CE/mL), together with the greatest antioxidant capacities across DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide assays. Attribution analysis revealed that the rice bran oil carrier itself contributed approximately 38–42% of measured TPC and up to 70% of ABTS antioxidant capacity, while floral material accounted for 76–96% of ferric-reducing power (FRAP) across all oil types. Soybean oil maceration extracted a higher proportion of flower-derived radical-scavenging compounds despite lower total values, indicating that oil selection should reflect the intended end-use application. These findings demonstrate that vegetable oil-based maceration, particularly using rice bran oil, offers a sustainable and ethically sound alternative to animal fat enfleurage for Thai gardenia. The results support the development of green fragrance and cosmetic ingredients aligned with Bio-Circular-Green (BCG) Economy principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149349085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature, gibberellic acid (GA3), and cold stratification pretreatments on the germination characteristics of Thymus revolutus Celak. and Satureja thymbra L. seeds","authors":"Selma Kösa,&nbsp;Sibel Mansuroğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Thymus revolutus</em> Celak. and <em>Satureja thymbra</em> L., key woody aromatic plants of the Mediterranean climatic zone, are under pressure in their natural habitats despite their medicinal and commercial potential. Elucidating the germination requirements and dormancy mechanisms of these valuable taxa is of paramount importance for their ex-situ conservation, mass seedling production, and nursery management. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different temperature regimes (20, 25, and 30 °C), exogenous gibberellic acid (GA₃) doses (0, 125, and 250 mg/L), and cold stratification periods (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks) on the final germination percentage (FGP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), and germination energy (GE) of <em>T. revolutus</em> and <em>S. thymbra</em> seeds. The results demonstrated that optimum germination occurred within the cool-temperate temperature range of 20–25 °C for both species. However, at a temperature of 30 °C, germination declined to 4.00% in <em>T. revolutus</em> and 8.44% in <em>S. thymbra</em> due to severe thermal inhibition. Among exogenous GA₃ treatments, the 125 mg/L dose emerged as the most effective level in enhancing germination performance and emergence kinetics (54.67% for <em>T. revolutus</em> at 25 °C; 40.00% for <em>S. thymbra</em> at 20 °C). Furthermore, the 125 mg/L <span><math><msub><mrow><mtext>GA</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> dose combined with 20 °C maximized seedling vigor indices in both taxa, yielding peak GI values of 2.17 for <em>T. revolutus</em> and 0.81 for <em>S. thymbra</em>, and maximum GE values of 32.00% and 18.67%, respectively. Under cold stratification, peak germination index and energy were both obtained after 6 weeks of chilling in both species (GI of 0.82 and GE of 18.67% for <em>T. revolutus</em>; GI of 0.78 and GE of 17.33% for <em>S. thymbra</em>). Across treatments, the fastest emergence speed (shortest MGT) was recorded under 125 mg/L <span><math><msub><mrow><mtext>GA</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> (5.80 days for <em>T. revolutus</em> at 20 °C; 11.41 days for <em>S. thymbra</em> at 25 °C) and 6 weeks of cold stratification (12.33 days for <em>T. revolutus</em>; 11.44 days for <em>S. thymbra</em>). These findings confirm that both species possess physiological dormancy and provide practical pretreatment protocols for mass production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149349086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of multi-cycle tribo-electrostatic separation on cannabinoid content in dry-sifted cannabis extracts","authors":"Farshad Abavisani,&nbsp;Philip Wiredu Addo,&nbsp;Sarah MacPherson,&nbsp;Samuel E. Bilodeau,&nbsp;Maxime Paris,&nbsp;William B. Dumais,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Cory S. Harris,&nbsp;Valérie Orsat,&nbsp;Mark Lefsrud","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cannabis sativa</em> is recognized for its diverse uses in both medicinal and recreational contexts, garnering increasing attention in recent years due to shifting global legislature. This study investigated the potential of tribo-electrostatic separation (T-ES) technology as a solventless alternative to traditional extraction techniques for separating cannabis glandular trichomes and enriching kief byproduct. A food-safe, T-ES device was designed and fabricated to leverage electrostatic forces for effective screening of trichome structures by subjecting kief to a series of T-ES cycles. Morphological changes in trichome structure were observed and quantified through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), followed by cannabinoid analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. Data relay marked T-ES separation, where the number of stalks and impurities in the raw kief samples significantly (p &lt; 0.05) decreased after multiple T-ES cycles for kief collected from the positive bin. By the third T-ES cycle, the quantity of stalks and impurities was reduced by 50%, and a linear relationship (R² of 0.98) was observed. Quantitative evaluation revealed consistent changes in cannabinoid concentrations, whereby potency (total THC) rose from initial levels by 53%, 90%, and 115% in kief samples collected after each T-ES cycle on the positive electrode side. In contrast, cannabinoid potency decreased by 30%, 41%, and 59% through the cycles in the negative side, suggesting T-ES is an effective method to improve the quality of cannabis extracts. Findings illustrate T-ES’s capability in improving cannabis postharvest processing by reporting cannabinoid potency improvement with selective trichome screening, setting a stage for future studies aimed at optimizing T-ES technology for broader industry applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Integrated pectinase pretreatment and microwave-assisted extraction as a process-intensification strategy for enhanced aglycone recovery from Derris scandens stem”[J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants 53 (2026), 100715]","authors":"Gorawit Yusakul,&nbsp;Fonthip Makkliang,&nbsp;Suppalak Phaisan,&nbsp;Worapol Sae-Foo,&nbsp;Thipapun Plyduang,&nbsp;Namfa Sermkaew,&nbsp;Kantapich Kongpol,&nbsp;Warangkana Chunglok,&nbsp;Mudtorlep Nisoa,&nbsp;Nitra Nuengchamnong,&nbsp;Geoffrey A. Cordell,&nbsp;Waraporn Putalun","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100729","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based geographical origin discrimination of Smilax china","authors":"Boyuan Xu,&nbsp;Haotian Zhong,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Huang,&nbsp;Heming Wu,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Aiping Deng,&nbsp;Yong Xiao,&nbsp;Kun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Smilax china</em> is a medicinal and edible plant whose quality is considerably influenced by its geographical origin. This study developed a geographical origin discrimination model for <em>S. china</em> by combining FT-MIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and active compound content determination with multiple machine learning algorithms. Using 170 samples collected from 7 major production regions in China, the classification performance of 6 machine learning algorithms was compared under a repeated stratified cross-validation framework. Chemical analysis revealed that samples from Hubei Province contained higher levels of engeletin, samples from Guangdong and Guangxi showed significantly higher saponin content, and samples from Sichuan Province had relatively high contents of all detected compounds. Among the seven evaluated feature combinations, multi-source data fusion integrating chemical components, FT-MIR, and Raman spectra significantly enhanced the classification accuracy. CatBoost demonstrated optimal overall performance, achieving a cross-validation accuracy of 0.794, macro-F1 of 0.782, and macro-recall of 0.782, with the internal independent test set accuracy reaching 0.765. These findings provide a technical reference for geographical origin discrimination and support quality standardization of related medicinal plants and functional foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas12a-based rapid authentication of Trichosanthis Radix, Poria, and Puerariae lobatae Radix","authors":"Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Yanchao Yang,&nbsp;Qian Liu,&nbsp;Wenzhe Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Chinese medicinal materials (CMM) such as <em>Trichosanthis</em> Radix (TK), <em>Poria</em> (PC), and <em>Puerariae lobatae</em> Radix (PL) are widely used for their distinct therapeutic effects. However, due to their similar morphological characteristics, especially after being processed, these materials are often misidentified, which can lead to clinical inefficacy or adverse reactions. In this study, we developed a rapid and sensitive nucleic acid detection platform based on the CRISPR/Cas12a system combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to accurately distinguish TK, PC, and PL. Specific crRNAs targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of each species were designed and validated for their specificity and sensitivity. Compared to conventional DNA barcoding, the CRISPR/Cas12a assay demonstrated superior performance, particularly in detecting mixed or degraded samples. The platform successfully authenticated 32 commercial samples, including those with low DNA yield or failed PCR amplification, highlighting its robustness and practical applicability. This method offers a promising molecular diagnostic tool for the accurate identification of morphologically similar CMM and provides a foundation for improving quality control in traditional medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Puccinia menthae associated with leaf rust of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) from India","authors":"Shivannegowda Mahadevakumar,&nbsp;Pullabhotla V.S.R.N. Sarma,&nbsp;Chalasani Danteswari,&nbsp;Madappa Mahesh,&nbsp;Kandikere R. Sridhar,&nbsp;T.S.S.K. Patro,&nbsp;Siddaiah Chandranayaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2023–2024 while studying <em>Origanum majorana</em> plants at the central nursery of the Government Horticultural Farm, Mysuru, India, characteristic rust symptoms were observed on the leaves, including distinct rust pustules indicative of rust infection. Disease severity ranged from 5% to 12%. Representative infected plant samples were collected for detailed examination. Microscopic observations revealed features consistent with the genus <em>Puccinia</em>, and preliminary identification was based on these morphological characteristics. To confirm the pathogen identity, the nrITS region of three representative samples was amplified and sequenced. The resulting sequences were aligned and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. BLAST analysis showed the highest sequence similarity to reference sequences of <em>Puccinia menthae</em>. Further, pathogenicity assay was performed using a spore suspension resulted in disease development after 15–18 days post inoculation. The identity was confirmed after microscopic examination and comparison with the original description. Based on a combination of micro-morphological features and nrITS-based phylogeny, the rust pathogen was conclusively identified as <em>Puccinia menthae.</em> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>Puccinia menthae</em> associated with <em>Origanum majorana</em> rust from India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From natural extraction to heterologous biosynthesis: The evolution of preparation strategies for bioactive compounds from medicinal plants","authors":"Jing Guan,&nbsp;Hongyuan Luo,&nbsp;Hongwei Li,&nbsp;Lin Li,&nbsp;Weie Wen,&nbsp;Delin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal plants, with their diverse range of active components and extensive pharmacological effects, serve as valuable raw materials for pharmaceuticals. However, factors such as low content of natural plant active ingredients, cumbersome extraction processes, and long maturation periods have restricted their application in the research and development of industrialized pharmaceutical production. Deciphering the biosynthetic pathways and molecular genetic mechanisms of medicinal ingredients in plants, and achieving their efficient production through pathway reconstruction, remains a key approach to overcoming the low yields and insufficient industrial scalability of natural products in traditional Chinese medicines. This article summarizes recent research progress on the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites (SMs) in medicinal plants and their related regulatory genes. It outlines metabolic engineering methods for heterologous reconstruction of SMs biosynthetic pathways using chassis cells. It sorts out the molecular regulatory design strategies for the biosynthesis of common plant-derived medicinal natural products, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, using microbial chassis cells. Additionally, it comparatively analyzes the mechanisms and application progress of heterologous expression of SMs biosynthetic elements or genes using <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E.coil</em>) and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (<em>S. cerevisiae</em>) as chassis cells. Furthermore, this review discusses the prospects for the research and development of medicinal component biosynthesis via pathway reconstruction. It aims to provide insights into chassis engineering and pathway optimization for the heterologous production of natural products from medicinal plants, and to promote the rational and efficient biosynthesis of natural pharmaceuticals by integrating multi-omics strategies and other emerging technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of winter annual cultivation of caraway (Carum carvi L.) under changing climate conditions: Exploring genetic resources and evaluating cultivation system and sowing density","authors":"Daniel von Maydell,&nbsp;Merita Hammer,&nbsp;Wolfram Junghanns,&nbsp;Frank Marthe","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biennial and summer annual cultivation of caraway (<em>Carum carvi</em> L.), both sown in spring, are severely affected by climate change. As intermediate alternative, winter annual caraway (sown in autumn) could stabilize yields by harnessing precipitation from autumn to early spring for germination and vegetative growth. To achieve high quality seeds from winter annual cultivation, new cultivars need to be developed. However, breeding is hampered by limited knowledge of genetic resources adaptable to winter annual cultivation. In a first trial, we screened 60 annual genotypes for winter survival rate and essential oil content. We identified 26 genotypes with a medium to high winter survival rate (&gt;50–95%), which had biennial material in their breeding history. In a second three-year trial, we compared winter annual (sown in September) and summer annual cultivation (sown in March) with three different sowing densities (50, 100 and 200 seeds/m²) using four different genotypes. We measured seed yield, essential oil content, thousand-grain weight, plant height, the beginning of flowering, the end of flowering, and maturity. In the first harvesting year, with low precipitation, winter annual cultivation yielded between 113 and 170 g/m², whereas yields of summer annual cultivation were extremely low (&lt;30 g/m²). In the following years with standard to high precipitation and heavy rainfalls, no general advantage of winter annual cultivation was observed. Shattering of seeds was identified as notable issue during these years. In several comparisons, a higher sowing density resulted in higher yields without affecting essential oil content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population structure and genetic diversity of Elwendia persica in the Western Himalayan region of India","authors":"Sangita Bansal,&nbsp;Parampara Joshi,&nbsp;Sabina Rana,&nbsp;Amit Kumar,&nbsp;Era V. Malhotra,&nbsp;Ajaz A. Lone,&nbsp;Narender Negi,&nbsp;Rahul Chandora,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar,&nbsp;Rakesh Singh,&nbsp;G.P. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2026.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Elwendia persica synonym Bunium persicum</em>, a diploid perennial species of the Apiaceae family, is a high-value spice and medicinal plant endemic to the high-altitude cold desert regions of the Himalayas. Owing to increasing market demand, overexploitation, and propagation constraints, it is considered a species of conservation concern in the Himalayan region. This study presents the first comprehensive population structure analysis of 91 accessions of <em>E. persica</em> collected from the Western Himalayas of India using sequence specific genomic SSR markers, providing novel insights into the genetic diversity, differentiation, and population structure of this important Himalayan species. Population structure analysis classified the accessions into four distinct genetic populations. Population 1, comprising the fewest accessions, exhibited high genetic differentiation with the highest Fst value (0.6328) and low heterozygosity (H = 0.1552), indicating considerable genetic isolation. In contrast, Populations 2 and 3 showed comparatively higher genetic diversity and possessed a greater number of private alleles, while Population 4 displayed moderate diversity (H = 0.228). Overall genetic diversity indices revealed moderate diversity across the studied germplasm, with a mean expected heterozygosity (H) of 0.241 and Shannon’s information index (I) of 0.367. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 69% of the total genetic variation existed within populations, whereas 31% was present among populations, suggesting a structured yet interconnected gene pool. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) explained 30.13% of the total molecular variance through the first three axes. The study highlights the significance of conserving both genetically distinct and genetically diverse populations to preserve the complete genetic spectrum of <em>E. persica</em> for future breeding, climate resilience, and long-term adaptability. The findings provide a valuable molecular foundation for developing targeted conservation, germplasm management, and crop improvement strategies for this threatened but economically important Himalayan species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}