Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"Extraction of Origanum onites L. using an industrial-type microwave-assisted distillation (MWAD) system: Increasing energy saving and essential oil yield compared to conventional steam distillation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oregano species are commonly utilized for different medical purposes as well as for other essential oil products. One of the oregano species, <em>Origanum onites</em> L. has a dense natural distribution in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey and Greece and is cultivated mainly in Denizli province. Turkey meets 80 % of the world's oregano market. Since <em>Origanum onites</em> L., whose essential oils are of high quality, has a high economic value, assessing the quality and production of essential oils extracted using various methods is important. Microwave-assisted distillation (MWAD) processes are generally carried out under laboratory conditions using clevenger or small-scale specialized instruments made for research in the lab. Thus, designing industrial-scale distillation systems with microwave power is necessary. For this reason, an industrial-type MWAD system with 12 magnetrons (power output of 1 kW) was developed in this work, and both conventional steam distillation (SD) and MWAD of oregano plant were realized, as a novelty. This study experimentally investigated the effects of microwave power and applied time on both energy saving (%) and essential oil yield (%). System was designed to distill 9 kg of dried plants chopped at once and the results obtained were used to obtain reference data for MWAD systems that can be used in industrial systems. The obtained essential oil samples were subjected to GC-MS analysis for chemical analysis. A statistical analysis of the experimental data was performed via Design Expert software to elucidate the impact of microwave power and time on essential oil yield and energy savings. When the results were evaluated, the essential oil yield of oregano plant increased by 4–22 % with the MWAD system compared to SD. The highest increase in yield was achieved with the test (500 W + 40 min). Also, the distillation time with MWAD system was 50 % shorter than with SD system. The MWAD system consumed at least 25 % less energy. According to the GC-MS analysis results, carvacrol increased steadily depending on the time applied microwave power as well as oxygenated monoterpenes. The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the proposed MWAD system did not show any incompatible value according to the ISO-7925 standard. As a result, this proposed method can be safely used in industrial systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotic stress nexus: Integrating various physiological processes in medicinal and aromatic plants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100574","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) from natural habitat have been integral to both traditional and modern medicine systems for their healing properties in curing various diseases and disorders of mankind. At the same time, cultivation of these crops has also become alternative source of income for farmers by providing raw materials to pharmaceuticals. Like other crops, MAPs also have to face various abiotic and biotic stresses leading to compromised yield and quality. Biotic stresses, encompassing diseases, nematodes, pests and parasitic flowering plants can directly or indirectly impact MAPs by altering their fundamental physiological processes leading to symptoms like leaf necrosis, chlorosis, tissue rotting, leaf spot, wilting, foliage defoliation, root damage, &lt;em&gt;etc&lt;/em&gt;. In this review article, plausible explanations regarding physiology of stressed plants and its defense mechanisms including primary and secondary metabolism are presented. The research on source-stressor interactions in food crops is well-established as well as compiled and reviewed but there is a lack of comprehensive compilation in the context of MAPs. Therefore, this review is vital for exploring the mechanisms and physiological alterations in MAPs under biotic stress conditions. Plants, under attack of stressors respond with hypersensitive reactions (HRs), modifying cell wall properties, such as altered cell walls, chloroplast damage, changed chlorophyll content, altered stomatal behaviour causing change in gaseous exchange capacities, reformed enzyme activity and gene expression, leading to reduced photosynthesis and increased respiration. Along with this, nutrient assimilation and its translocation are adversely affected leading to compromised biomass production of the host plant. Additionally, the disruption in the balanced distribution of photosynthates between source-sink tissues leads to increased sugar utilization for defense, making the primary metabolism more complex in plant’s responses to these stressors. The compromised carbon fixation through primary metabolism diverts light energy towards secondary metabolism and results in increased secondary metabolites (SMs) production. SMs also get elevated as a part of host defense mechanism under mild stress conditions without significantly impacting the plant growth. However, in severe stress conditions, these improvement in quality cannot compensate the deviation in biological yield. Notably, in case of MAPs, the simulated application of biotic elicitors can also amplify SMs production, ultimately enhancing the plant's inherent qualities. Therefore, the secondary metabolism is of utmost importance in MAPs. In this review, we have compiled the scattered information and simplified the understanding of alterations in various physiological processes including primary and secondary metabolism, changes in biochemical attributes and gene expression profiles in MAPs during biotic stress situations. An extensive ","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of seed pre-treatment and storage on germination and physiological characteristics of seeds of common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the seed germination and associated metabolic responses of differentially stored seeds of <em>Verbascum thapsus</em> L. (Scrophulariaceae), an economically and medicinally important herb from the cold desert region of Lahaul (Himachal Pradesh, India) in trans Himalaya, to certain physico-chemical and GA₃ treatments. The freshly harvested seeds of <em>V. thapsus</em> exhibited high (96 %) viability but low germination (55 %). During the storage of seeds under ambient conditions, viability did not change until 1-year but declined progressively thereafter showing a 33 % decline in 4-year stored seeds. The seed germination was promoted to varying extents by acid scarification (AS), SNP (sodium nitroprusside), SHC (sodium hypochlorite) and GA₃ pre-treatments. Storage-dependent changes in seed germination performance and responsiveness to different effectors were evident. Germination performance improved significantly due to 1-year storage followed by a sharp decline subsequently. The responsiveness of seeds to various treatments tended to be higher in seeds stored for ≥2 years. The changes in germination were paralleled by those in α-amylase activity in seeds. Lipid peroxidation generally increased during storage that was paralleled by a gradual decline in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and phenolic contents. Catalase (CAT) activity increased transiently in 1-year stored seeds and declined thereafter. Data are expected to have implications for multiplication and cultivation of <em>V. thapsus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142150842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of SSR markers for Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep., and their potential for wider application in this genus","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <em>Curcuma</em>, containing over 120 species, have considerable ornamental, edible and medicinal value. Due to the persistent lack of efficient genomic SSR markers, the conservation and identification of <em>Curcuma</em> genetic resources have faced substantial challenges in practical applications. To date, there are few systematic researches on whole-genome mining of SSR locus in the genus <em>Curcuma</em>. Herein, we performed the first deep identification of genome-wide SSR markers based on the whole-genome data of <em>C. alismatifolia.</em> A total of 257,032 SSR loci were identified with an average density of 216.1–367.3 SSRs/Mb within each chromosome. Mononucleotide repeat loci were most abundant, accounting for 55.1 % of all SSRs, with dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats accounting for 22.6 % and 20.3 %, respectively. Moreover, 38 polymorphic genomic SSRs (g-SSR) were screened from the synthesized 280 primer pairs, with an average allele number (<em>Na</em>) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of 15.342 and 0.775 per locus, respectively. These markers had excellent cross-species transferability with an overall efficiency of 97.5 % in 21 <em>Curcuma</em> species. According to the cluster and structure analyses, the 178 <em>Curcuma</em> accessions were devided into three major clades correspongding to their origins, hybrid affinities and use values. Finally, a total of 66 <em>Curcuma</em> core collections were preserved, with no significant difference in genetic diversity between the core and entire collections by the <em>t</em>-test. A combination of numbers and letters was employed to establish DNA barcodes for 66 core collections. This study provides valuable molecular markers for wild-collection and conservation, genetic diversity analysis and marker-assisted selection breeding of <em>Curcuma</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the accumulation and variation of volatile and non-volatile constituents in rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plants have played important and essential roles in treatment of various diseases and have invigorated the discovery of newer medicines. The secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins, and anthraquinones have generally been considered responsible for the medicinal plants' several biological activities and therapeutic applications. Variations in the secondary metabolites structures and their natural abundance in medicinal plants are major reasons behind their differing in biological activities, which are affected by several external and intrinsic factors, including environmental conditions, the maturation stage of the plant, and process of plant’s material preparation and extraction. The current review discusses the factors affecting secondary metabolites’ structural variations and accumulations in the plants. Rosemary, <em>Salvia rosmarinus,</em> or <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L., served as a representative example. The rosemary herb contains two main categories of secondary metabolites; volatiles as essential oil, and non-volatile constituents, which is primarily composed of polyphenolics. These two categories of plant products play pivotal role in plant’s chemo-diversity, biological activity, and their applications in traditional system of medicine by various societies in different regions of the world. The rosemary plant's industrial applications, which are mostly attributed to its volatile constituents, and the famed, prominent antioxidant activity is correlated to its polyphenolic constituents. Hence, rosemary was selected as a candidate medicinal plant to study the factors influencing the constituents variations and their involvement in the bioactivity and efficacy of the plant. Environmental variants of humidity, drought, soil salinity, the intrinsic factor of maturation stage of the plant, and the techniques of harvested plant materials’ drying, and extraction have been reported as major factors affecting the variations in quality and quantity of the plant’s constituents. The volatile oil constituents of rosemary herbs were observed to be more sensitive to environmental conditions and plant material’s preparative methods, as compared to the non-volatile constituents of the plant. This review's contents and conclusive suggestions can be suitable to most of the aromatic and medicinal plants that are grown in different climatic zones under varied environmental conditions for obtaining the plants-based, economically-valuable products for the industrial and market use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of basil seed gum: Optimization and functional properties","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Basil seed gum (BSG), a natural vegetable gum, was extracted by ethanol precipitation method using basil seeds as raw material. Based on the single factor experiments, Box-Behnken response surface test was performed to optimize the extraction conditions, and the physicochemical and functional properties of the extracted basil seed gum, as well as its microstructure, were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of basil seed gum were as follows: liquid-to-feed ratio of 62:1, temperature of 50 °C, extraction time of 29.50 min, and pH = 8.1, with yield of 11.28 %. BSG was mainly composed of total sugars (93.09 %), uronic acid (18.83 %), proteins (2.77 %), and ash (4.35 %), and its monosaccharides included D-(+)-anhydrous glucose (58.26 %), D-galactose (21.40 %), D-mannose (11.96 %), D-(+)-galacturonic acid (7.82 %), D-arabinose (0.28 %), D-(+)-xylose (0.28 %), and L-rhamnose (0.002 %). Comparative analysis of the functional properties of basil seed gum and three commercial vegetable gums (linseed gum, caraway seed gum, guar gum) showed that basil seed gum had excellent water retention properties, and its water absorption and water holding properties were much better than those of three commercial gums. Rheological characterization showed that BSG was a pseudoplastic fluid with high zero-shear viscosity. In addition, the basil seed gum powder showed an irregular flaky fibrous structure under microscope and was a semi-crystalline polymer. In view of the high aqueous absorption and retention properties of basil seed gum, it has promising applications in food, cosmetic and medical devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in using DNA barcodes for authentication of Sida species","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Indian system of medicine’s “Ayurvedic pharmacopeia of India (API)” recommends the use of <em>Sida cordifolia</em> Linn (root), <em>Sida cordata</em> (Burm.f.) Borss.Waalk. (aerial part), <em>Sida rhombifolia</em> Linn. (root) and <em>Abutilon indicum</em> (Linn.) Sw. (root) in drug preparations of Bala, Nagabala, Mahabala and Atibala respectively. Moreover many Sida sp. are being used in China, South East Asia, Africa and South America in their traditional healthcare systems. It is a taxonomically complex genus often difficult to authenticate from dried/chopped herbal market samples. Many Sida sequences from the NCBI database, including published reports, were highly suspect and were redesignated into species groups during phylogenetic clustering. Among the four loci studied, ITS2 region was identified as the best for the Sida species identification followed by trnH-psbA. The trnH-psbA phylogeny however fails to differentiate between (1) <em>S. beddomei</em> and <em>S. cordata</em>, (2) <em>S. alnifolia</em> and <em>S. scabrida</em>, (3) <em>S. cordifolia</em> and <em>S. fryxellii</em> that formed monophyletic clusters. The average evolutionary divergence over Sequence Pairs within each species group for ITS2 locus ranged from 0.000 to 0.009 (Average=0.0021), while average Interspecific distance between species was 0.1175 making them ideal for authentication of <em>Sida</em> species. The <em>matK</em> and <em>rbcL</em> is recommended as a back-up loci for identifying intergeneric adulterants in case, the ITS2 or trnH-psbA amplification fails. The present study identified two market samples as adulterant species; (1) <em>S. alnifolia</em> and (2) a mixture of <em>S. acuta</em> and <em>S. alnifolia/S.scabrida</em>. The study provides a roadmap for Ayurvedic/herbal industry to utilize DNA barcoding for authentication of <em>Sida</em> species. At the same time the presence of “Unknown Sida group” highlights the need for further research to accurately classify and identify all Sida species at the phylogenetic level, utilizing the DNA barcode sequences to thoroughly understand the diversity and evolution of the Sida genus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the chemogeographical variation of a commercially important medicinal tree (Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman) using a metabolomics approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The stem-bark of <em>Prunus africana</em> (Hook.f.) Kalkman (African cherry) is traditionally used for the treatment of stomach ache, chest pain, malaria, fever, diabetes and high blood pressure. A large number of constituents have been isolated from the stem-bark including β-sitosterol and ursolic acid, which were reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of the study was to establish chemotypic variation among <em>Prunus africana</em> samples collected from three African countries, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Zimbabwe. Ninety-five stem-bark samples were collected from a total of nineteen populations, 11 in Cameroon (<em>n</em> = 55), 4 in Democratic Republic of Congo (<em>n</em> = 20) and 4 in Zimbabwe (<em>n</em> = 20). The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol (1 g in 10 mL, 1 g in 10 mL and 2 mg in 5 µL, respectively). Chemometric analysis of chromatographic data obtained from high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS), one-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (1D GC–ToF–MS) and spectroscopic data obtained from proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) were done using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 software to explore chemotypic variation. A sample from each country was analysed by two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (2D GC–ToF–MS) to resolve compounds that co-eluted in the 1D GC analysis. Quantification of selected compounds (β-sitosterol and ursolic acid) were done using a validated ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array detection (UPLC–PDA) method. The chemical profiles obtained from each of the four techniques were very similar for the samples from each country. The HPTLC profiles for Zimbabwe samples were distinctly different from the other two countries with a unique band at R_<em>f</em> value of 0.80. Multivariate analysis of the HPTLC data (using <em>r</em>TLC software), UPLC–MS, 1D GC–ToF–MS and ¹H–NMR data revealed three clusters that were country specific. Chemometric analysis through the construction of PCA and a PLS–DA scores plots was performed, followed by the construction of variable important in projection plots, whereby marker compounds contributing significantly to the separation of the three clusters were selected and tentatively identified. Quantitative analysis revealed that samples from Zimbabwe contained higher levels of β-sitosterol (29.2 – 119 µg/g dry weight (DW) of the extract) compared to DRC and Cameroon, while samples from Cameroon were found to contain the highest levels of ursolic acid (1.80 – 141 µg/g DW of the extract). HPTLC, UPLC–MS, 1D and 2D GC–ToF–MS and ¹H–NMR are valid tools for quality control of <em>P. africana</em> plant materials after revealing three clusters of samples collected from the three countries. Cameroon samples had hi","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221478612400041X/pdfft?md5=70e304a9669a91e124ec03bec106ccb7&pid=1-s2.0-S221478612400041X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of SSR markers related to agarwood production and genetic diversity of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng wild populations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aquilaria sinensis</em> (Lour.) Spreng is an economically important tree that produces agarwood when subjected to mechanical wounding. However, the information regarding its heredity is limited. The breeding of <em>A. sinensis</em> has been hindered due to ambiguity in the sources of germplasm, genetic background, and varietal information. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are ideal for studying genetic diversity and germplasm identification in plants. They offer the advantages of high polymorphism, good reproducibility, and co–dominance. Here, we mined SSR markers within agarwood–inducing genes and used them to explore the genetic diversity among <em>A. sinensis</em> natural germplasm. A total of 407 SSR loci were identified within 92 genes. We designed 96 primer pairs, among which 16 showed polymorphism and were subsequently used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 179 <em>A. sinensis</em> individuals. A total of 107 alleles were identified, with an average of 7 alleles per locus, and their polymorphism information content ranged between 0.424 and 0.769, with an average of 0.569. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that genetic variation within the individuals accounted for 94 % of the total variation, inditing that the variation of <em>A. sinensis</em> is derived from individual variation. Furthermore, the structure analysis indicated that the natural populations of <em>A. sinensis</em> could be theoretically divided into 16 subgroups. The 16 polymorphic SSRs had strong cross–species transferability and distinguished individuals of <em>A. agallochum</em> (Lour.) Roxb. ex Finl. and <em>A. malaccensis</em> Lam. Taken together, these findings provide a useful resource for germplasm identification and molecular marker–assisted breeding of <em>A. sinensis</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221478612400038X/pdfft?md5=18f29083487b9cec124f8719eab79cf4&pid=1-s2.0-S221478612400038X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of short-term storage on cannabinoid content of dried floral hemp (Cannabis sativa L) inflorescence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Floral hemp, a plant rich in cannabinoids, has gained attention for its potential therapeutic properties. It is crucial to have proper storage conditions that will maintain the cannabinoid content. To the best of our knowledge, very little has been done on the storage conditions of dried floral hemp. Hence, this study investigated the effect of storage conditions like moisture content, temperature, storage time, light exposure, and packaging materials, on cannabinoid stability in dried floral hemp. The cultivar ‘Quick Spectrum’ at two moisture levels (8.5 and 4.5 %) was stored over a 6-month storage period. Results indicated that a higher amount of cannabinoids samples was retained at 8.5 ± 1 % moisture compared to samples at 4.5 ± 0.5 %, even though total CBD, total ∆9-THC, and total CBDV content remained statistically the same throughout the storage period, and was not affected by temperature, lighting, and packaging material. In contrast, certain individual cannabinoids, such as CBDVA, CBD, ∆9-THCA, and ∆9-THC were significantly affected by temperature and lighting. Notably, higher storage temperatures (22 °C) and light exposure (F15T8/F5 fluorescent light) increased the degradation and decarboxylation rate of cannabinoids. These findings showed the importance of optimized storage conditions for floral hemp, especially long-term storage. This will help provide standardized storage protocols to aid producers, testing laboratories, distributors, and consumers in making informed decisions about storage practices and advancing quality control in the hemp industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}