Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"Diversity analysis of southern African Artemisia afra using a single nucleotide polymorphism derived from diversity arrays","authors":"Moosa Mahmood Sedibe ,&nbsp;Matumelo A. Rafiri ,&nbsp;Goitsemang Mahlomola Hendry Dikane ,&nbsp;Matthew Chilaka Achilonu ,&nbsp;S’busiso Mfan’vele Nkosi ,&nbsp;Xolile Veronica Ngubane ,&nbsp;Rian Pierneef","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Artemisia afra</em> is an aromatic shrub used as a herbal remedy in southern Africa for various disorders, including coughs, colds, influenza, and, most notably, for the prophylaxis and treatment of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> infections. Modern high-throughput genotyping by sequencing, which combines next generation sequencing and diversity array technology (DArTseq) complexity reduction methods, allows for the generation of high-quality whole-genome profiles without any previous organismal genetic information that may hamper the diversity analyses. This study investigated the feasibility of incorporating DArTseq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and bioactive compounds into a geographic information system to predict the spatial distribution of <em>A. afra</em> gene diversity in selected southern African environs. DNA extraction, sequencing, and SNP calling mineral analyses (using R Studio) were performed on a total of 80 genotypes collected around Roma and Mohale’s Hoek, Lesotho, and Wepener and Hobhouse, South Africa. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and neighbour-joining dendrograms revealed three clusters of variation among genotypes; however, geographic distribution did not influence <em>A. afra</em> genetic diversity. The mean heterozygosity among genotypes was 7.7%. Genotypes collected in Roma and Mohale’s Hoek exhibited high levels of genetic diversity. Local <em>A. afra</em> genetic diversity was relatively low, indicating uniformity of subspecies per locality. The diversity among genotypes indicated that <em>A. afra</em> SNPs may occur despite the location. Given that genetic diversity enhances crop performance, our findings can be useful in germplasm management, industries producing by-products of <em>A. afra</em>, and plant breeding programs. For the long-term conservation of medicinal plants in South Africa, significant sampling and regional data are required. In addition to evaluating qualitative and quantitative assessments of phytochemicals, it is necessary to evaluate foliar mineral composition, as well as the agronomic and morphological characteristics of collected specimens from studied locations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214786123000670/pdfft?md5=5c84d243cab99da3efc8ecf1adf60769&pid=1-s2.0-S2214786123000670-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of temperature, pretreatments, gibberellin (GA3), salt and drought stress on germination of Thymus satureioides coss of Morocco","authors":"Hanane Oublid ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ait Hamza ,&nbsp;Hassan Boubaker ,&nbsp;Abdellah El Hamdaoui ,&nbsp;Mohamed El Yaagoubi ,&nbsp;Imane Abbad ,&nbsp;Mina El Moutaouakil ,&nbsp;Fouad Msanda","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Thymus<span> satureioides Cosson is an endemic medicinal and aromatic plant species of both Morocco and Algeria, holds significant cultural and economic importance. It is used in </span></span>traditional medicine to treat various diseases and also as a culinary spice herb. T. satureioides has become a key export for Morocco. However, increasing market demand and the effects of climate change have led to a decline in its wild populations, raising concerns about the scarcity of this valuable natural resource. To address these challenges, a comprehensive understanding of the environmental requirements for the germination of T. satureioides is essential for planning and prioritizing conservation efforts in its native habitats. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the combined effects of various </span>pretreatments<span><span><span> and temperature and of salinity, drought stress, and </span>gibberellin<span> on the germination parameters of T. satureioides. Seeds were collected from a wild plant population in the Anti-Atlas Mountains. The tests included five pretreatments (mechanical scarification, sulfuric acid<span> (95%), dry heat, boiling water and hydrogen peroxide) in conjunction with five temperature conditions (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C). Additionally, six concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and a 200 mM), six water potential levels of polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) (0, −0.07, −0.14, −0.22, −0.32 and - 0.53 MPa) and six concentrations of gibberellin (0, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm) were tested. Results showed that seeds can germinate without any </span></span></span>treatment. However, seeds treated with dry heat followed by incubation at 20 °C improved all the germination parameters. In addition, germination parameters progressively decreased and delayed with increasing levels of both salt and water stress. Without stress, the germination percentage was 100%, with increasing salt stress to 200 mM germination was completely inhibited. Although, seeds showed a low germination percentage (5,67%) at the highest osmotic potential (−0.53 MPa).</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) landraces: Genetic, chemotypic, and agro-morphologic perspectives","authors":"Seyedeh Fatemeh Borghei ,&nbsp;Ali Azizi ,&nbsp;Seyyed Hossein Pourhosseini ,&nbsp;Marziye Rahimi-Rizi","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dragonhead (<span><em>Dracocephalum moldavica</em></span><span> L.), an endangered herb, faces significant threats due to the loss of biodiversity driven by land-use change. The seeds of seven landraces of </span><em>D. moldavica</em><span><span><span> were collected from various native populations in different regions of Northwest Iran. Subsequently, they were cultivated in 10 replications, spanning a total of 70 plots. This cultivation took place at the Ekbatan station of the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center in Hamadan province. This study aimed to assess the </span>morphological traits, essential oil (EO) content, and </span>genetic diversity within seven populations of </span><em>Dracocephalum moldavica</em><span><span><span><span>. Significant variations in morphological traits were observed among populations, indicating phenotypic diversity and potential for selective breeding programs. The EO content ranged from 0.03 % to 0.13 % (w/w), with the highest in the HO population and the lowest in the KE population. EO yield varied from 1.97 in the KE populations to 13.97 Kg/ha in the HO populations. The chemical composition of the EOs varied among populations and consisted of 18–24 components, with </span>geranyl acetate being the dominant component. PCA analysis identified population differences primarily related to geranyl acetate, </span>nerol<span><span>, geraniol, neryl acetate, and neral. The observed variation in EO composition may result from genetic and </span>environmental factors<span>. ISSR analysis revealed high genetic diversity, with 84 out of 94 scorable bands being polymorphic. Cluster and PCoA analysis revealed distinct genetic clusters among populations, although some diversities did not align with geographical origin, suggesting seed transfer or high </span></span></span>heterozygosity. The study highlights the effectiveness of ISSR markers in assessing genetic diversity and provides insights into the genetic structure and variability of </span><em>D. moldavica</em><span> populations. Furthermore, the correlation between ISSR markers and phytochemical traits suggests their potential for breeding programs to enhance important traits in </span><em>D. moldavica</em><span><span>. Considering both phytochemical and morphological properties is crucial in breeding programs due to pleiotropic effects of </span>genetic loci.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134688767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drying Schinus terebinthifolius leaves in a rotating drum dryer – Evaluation of the product quality and energy consumption by RSM models","authors":"Raissa Henrique Silva,&nbsp;Maria do Carmo Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of a specially designed rotating drum for processing medicinal leaves was evaluated for air drying <span><em>Schinus</em><em> terebinthifolius</em></span><span><span> leaves. The study is aimed at investigating the influence of air temperature, air velocity, leaf mass load, and drum rotation speed on leaf drying. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the drying conditions. Second-order polynomial equations were used to assess the effects of drying conditions on drying time, color degradation, and energy consumption. Based on the analysis, the optimum drying conditions were determined to be an air temperature of 52.5 °C, air velocity of 0.3 m/s, and a mass load of 200 g. The predicted values of drying time, specific power input and the chromatic parameter a*/b* at this optimal condition </span>were 499<span><span> min, 14.4 kWh/kg and − 0.063, respectively. Furthermore, a comparison between ethanolic extracts obtained from fresh leaves and those from dried leaves revealed a significant decrease in total phenolic compounds (TPC) and </span>antioxidant activity (AA) in the extracts from the dried leaves. Among the tested conditions, the best result for both TPC and AA was observed in the extracts of leaves air dried under 50 °C and 0.60 m/s, in which the TPC and AA dropped respectively from 75 mg GAE/mg dry matter and 90 % to approximately 22 mg GAE/mg dry matter and 88 %. The air temperature was identified as the most influential factor affecting the quality attributes of dried leaves and their extracts. The rotating drum proved to be an effective alternative for drying herbs and medicinal leaves.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134843540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave and atmospheric cold plasma aided debittering of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia Miers.) juice: Effect on bioactive compound content","authors":"Sibasish Sahoo,&nbsp;Subhanki Padhi,&nbsp;Rachna Sehrawat,&nbsp;Winny Routray","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Giloy (<em>Tinospora cordifolia</em> Miers<strong>.</strong>) is a well-known herbal medicinal plant that is therapeutically rich in secondary metabolites but is bitter in taste, thereby limiting its potential to be used as a functional food. Hence, this study was aimed at reducing the bitterness of giloy juice through cold plasma (CP) (10–30 kV, 10–40 min, CCD with 5 center points) and microwave (MW) (100–180 W, 5–15 min) applications, making it available in a more palatable form, which is quite a noble approach unlike already existing debittering methods like ultrasound and β-cyclodextrin incorporation methods. Bicyclic diterpenoids are the principal bitterness-causing element in giloy<em>;</em> hence, total terpenoid content (TTC) was taken as the gauging factor to scale the bitterness while targeting higher concentrations of various bioactive compounds (BCs) through FRAP, TPC, TFC, and DPPH radical scavenging activity assays. RSM is used to address the change in BCs’ content with respect to the influencing factors. A decrease in TTC in giloy juice was observed by 73% after a CP treatment of 30 kV for 25 min and by 26.5% in a MW treatment of 100 W for 15, which the FTIR results also corroborate. The physical surface morphology of the sample was found to be affected by the CP and MW treatments, as evidenced by the SEM images, which aided in the evaporation and diffusion of BCs and further variations in their functionality owing to the operating conditions. CP though was effective in reducing the TTC but MW was good at extracting terpenoids along with other BCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91992679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers in Agastache rugosa and their application in genetic evaluation and cross-taxon transferability of Agastache species","authors":"Hye Ran Shin ,&nbsp;Ick Hyun Jo ,&nbsp;Raveendar Sebastin ,&nbsp;Jinsu Gil ,&nbsp;Gi Yeong Kim ,&nbsp;Suyun Moon ,&nbsp;Hyun-Seung Park ,&nbsp;Sewon Oh ,&nbsp;Jong Won Han ,&nbsp;Kyung Ho Ma ,&nbsp;Yi Lee ,&nbsp;Daeil Kim ,&nbsp;Ju-Kyung Yu ,&nbsp;Yoon-Sup So ,&nbsp;Jong Wook Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Agastache</em></span><span><span> is a genus of perennial </span>herbaceous plants belonging to the mint family, </span><span><em>Lamiaceae</em></span>. Several <em>Agastache</em><span><span> species are commercially cultivated and used as medicinal, culinary, and ornamental plants. However, information on the </span>genetic diversity and population structure of the species remains unclear. In the present study, genetic diversity within </span><em>Agastache</em><span> species was analyzed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In this study, 249,746 SSRs were identified in the </span><em>A. rugosa</em><span><span> genome and primer pairs were designed for 56,675 SSRs. The majority of SSR repeat types were dinucleotides (60.65%), followed by </span>trinucleotides (12.38%), and pentanucleotides (12.10%). PCR conditions were established for 250 primer pairs, 111 of which were found to be polymorphic in </span><em>A. rugosa</em><span> germplasm. The number of alleles (N</span>_A) ranged from 2 to 19, major allele frequency (M_AF<span>) ranged from 0.11 to 0.95, observed heterozygosity (H</span>_O) ranged from 0 to 0.89, and polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.09 to 0.92. Cross-species amplification of SSRs markers in other <em>Agastache</em> species showed amplification rates of 82.6% for <span><em>A. </em><em>foeniculum</em></span> and 78.1% <em>in A. urticifolia</em>, with an average of 80.37%. Cluster analysis of the 19 <em>A. rugosa</em> accessions using SSRs markers revealed four major clusters, and population STRUCTURE analysis using 79 SSRs markers revealed three groups and three subgroups among the <em>A. rugosa</em> populations. The SSRs markers developed can contribute to applications such as varietal identification, genetic diversity analysis, and population structure analysis of <em>A. rugosa</em> germplasm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and molecular characterization of Copamyntis obliquifasciella (Hampson, 1896) infesting medicinal plant, Cassia fistula L from India","authors":"K.T. Shivakumara ,&nbsp;M.C. Keerthi ,&nbsp;P.R. Shashank ,&nbsp;J. Komal ,&nbsp;A.C. Polaiah ,&nbsp;R.S. Ramya ,&nbsp;T. Venkatesan ,&nbsp;D. Sagar ,&nbsp;Ryan Casini ,&nbsp;Ihab M. Moussa ,&nbsp;Hosam O. Elansary ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. El-Sabrout","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Cassia </em><em>fistula</em></span><span> L. is a valuable medicinal plant<span><span> utilized in many traditional medical systems, including Ayurveda and </span>Oriental medicine system. </span></span><em>Copamyntis obliquifasciella</em><span> Hampson (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a polyphagous insect pest, however the available literature of this pest on </span><em>C. fistula</em><span> is limited or rather scarce in India as well as world. Considering the economic importance of this medicinal plant, documentation of insects pests along with the bio-ecology and natural enemy fauna is important for formulating the integrated pest management program. The present study describes the incidence, damage and life cycle of </span><em>C</em>. <em>obliquifasciella</em> on <em>C. fistula</em><span> in India. The identity of the pest was confirmed through the examination of morphological characteristics<span> of male and female genitalia, further confirmed through molecular analysis (GenBank no. MK559413). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Indian population of </span></span><em>C. obliquifasciella</em><span> shared a close relationship with the populations from Pakistan and China. The initial instar larvae of </span><em>C. obliquifasciella</em> is feed by nibbling and scraping the chlorophyll content of the leaves, and later they stitch two or three leaves together and fed in between those stitched leaves. The percent pest incidence varied between 20 and 100, and the foliar damage of 5.5–71% was recorded. The total life cycle of <em>C. obliquifasciella</em><span> was completed in 31.20 ± 2.14 (male) and 34.25 ± 2.36 (female) days. Two hymenopteran<span> parasitoids, such as </span></span><em>Phanerotoma</em> sp. (Braconidae: Cheloninae) and <span><em>Apanteles</em><em> taragamae</em></span> Viereck (Braconidae: Microgastrinae) were associated with <em>C. obliquifasciella.</em> To best of our knowledge, this is the first description of <em>C. obliquifasciella</em> and their associated natural enemies from the Indian region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a sensitive and user-friendly allele-specific PCR assay for adulteration detection of spices","authors":"Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Ruiying Wang,&nbsp;Dandan Wang,&nbsp;Hongtao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spice adulteration not only seriously interferes with their flavoring functions but also leads to life-threatening poisoning for consumers. To overcome the limitations of traditional methods in spice adulteration detection, a multiplex allele-specific PCR system was developed for molecular discrimination of four commonly used spices, <span><em>Foeniculum vulgare</em></span> Mill., <span><em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em></span> Maxim., <span><em>Illicium verum</em></span> Hook.f., and <em>Syzygium aromaticum</em><span><span><span> (L.) Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry, from their corresponding adulterants based on chloroplast SNP markers. The developed assay, eliminating the obstacles of </span>DNA sequencing<span> and false negative results, can detect 0.1% of spice adulteration down to 0.01 ng level of </span></span>genomic DNA<span> with absolute allelic specificity and favorable efficiency. Based on the results, a standard operating procedure for using multiplex allele-specific PCR for spice adulteration detection was established. Therefore, the present study provided a simple, reliable, and sensitive molecular method for adulteration detection of spices.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsatellite markers’ based molecular divergence among the breeding lines of aromatic marigold (Tagetes minuta L.)","authors":"Ajay Kumar ,&nbsp;Hari Sharan ,&nbsp;Diksha Dhiman ,&nbsp;Rahul Dev Gautam ,&nbsp;Ramesh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar ,&nbsp;Satbeer Singh ,&nbsp;Sanatsujat Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aromatic marigold (<span><em>Tagetes minuta</em></span><span><span> L.) is an essential oil-bearing plant of industrial value. The essential oil obtained from the plant has high demand in the flavor and perfume industry. The present study investigates the molecular diversity patterns using microsatellite markers in 126 </span>breeding lines<span> representing three groups (higher, intermediate, and lower biomass) based on phenotypic characterization. These lines are being maintained through repeated selfing<span>. A total of 503 alleles with an average of 16.23 alleles per locus were detected at 31 SSR<span> loci over all the genotypes. The average most common and rare alleles were 3.35 and 12.87, respectively, over all the studied loci. The high polymorphic information content (0.88) and genetic diversity (0.89) indicate high allelic diversity among the genotypes studied. Ten genotype-specific markers were identified. Significant molecular variances have been observed among the groups (3 %), among individuals (72 %), and within individuals (26 %). The unweighted neighbor-joining clustering based on a simple matching dissimilarity index grouped all 126 genotypes into five major clusters. The clustering pattern primarily follows the biomass-specific distribution of populations. The principle coordinate analysis depicts considerable variations and again confirms the biomass-specific grouping of genotypes. The highly significant positive association between genotypic and phenotypic distances indicates the importance of these marker loci for future marker-assisted selection and association mapping studies.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An appraisal of arbuscular mycorrhiza-mediated augmentation in production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants","authors":"Sarda Devi Thokchom,&nbsp;Samta Gupta,&nbsp;Rupam Kapoor","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Medicinal plants<span> produce secondary metabolites, which have pharmaceutical efficacy in diverse </span></span>diseases<span>. Plant-derived secondary metabolites are utilized in different industrial sectors including pharmaceuticals<span>, food, cosmetics, and agrochemical. Reportedly, 80% of the global population rely on medicinal plants for primary health care<span><span><span>. The increasing commercial demand of secondary metabolites in recent years has, thus, led to the adoption of different strategies to improve secondary metabolite production in plants. Optimization of biological resources to enhance the productivity of plants is an important way to create sustainable bioeconomy for the 21st century. With a score of studies reporting the positive impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on producing important secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, this article reviews the status quo of AMF-medicinal plant association. Furthermore, it critically discusses the influence of symbiotic association on plant primary metabolism, which ultimately regulates secondary metabolite production and accumulation. The review introduces the symbiotic association between AMF and medicinal plants, followed by a brief account of plant metabolites’ roles in establishing and maintaining the symbiosis. In continuation, the influence of AMF on different medicinally important secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, </span>flavonoids, phenolics, and </span>terpenoids are briefly discussed. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of AMF-mediated accumulation of secondary metabolites are discussed, including the plant’s response mechanism to AMF colonization encompassing the morphological, physiological, and molecular responses. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the prospects of mycorrhizal technology in sustainable cultivation practices of medicinal plants.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49108167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}