Journal of Biological Rhythms最新文献

{"title":"Circadian Medicine Education: The Time Has Arrived.","authors":"Horacio O de la Iglesia, John B Hogenesch","doi":"10.1177/07487304241293855","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241293855","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"511-512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Detailed Re-Examination of the <i>Period</i> Gene Rescue Experiments Shows That Four to Six Cryptochrome-Positive Posterior Dorsal Clock Neurons (DN_1p) of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Can Control Morning and Evening Activity.","authors":"Manabu Sekiguchi, Nils Reinhard, Ayumi Fukuda, Shun Katoh, Dirk Rieger, Charlotte Helfrich-Förster, Taishi Yoshii","doi":"10.1177/07487304241263130","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241263130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal circadian clocks play a crucial role in regulating behavioral adaptations to daily environmental changes. The fruit fly <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> exhibits 2 prominent peaks of activity in the morning and evening, known as morning (M) and evening (E) peaks. These peaks are controlled by 2 distinct circadian oscillators located in separate groups of clock neurons in the brain. To investigate the clock neurons responsible for the M and E peaks, a cell-specific gene expression system, the GAL4-UAS system, has been commonly employed. In this study, we re-examined the two-oscillator model for the M and E peaks of <i>Drosophila</i> by utilizing more than 50 Gal4 lines in conjunction with the <i>UAS-period¹⁶</i> line, which enables the restoration of the clock function in specific cells in the <i>period</i> (<i>per</i>) null mutant background. Previous studies have indicated that the group of small ventrolateral neurons (s-LN_v) is responsible for controlling the M peak, while the other group, consisting of the 5^th ventrolateral neuron (5^th LN_v) and the three cryptochrome (CRY)-positive dorsolateral neurons (LN_d), is responsible for the E peak. Furthermore, the group of posterior dorsal neurons 1 (DN_1p) is thought to also contain M and E oscillators. In this study, we found that Gal4 lines directed at the same clock neuron groups can lead to different results, underscoring the fact that activity patterns are influenced by many factors. Nevertheless, we were able to confirm previous findings that the entire network of circadian clock neurons controls M and E peaks, with the lateral neurons playing a dominant role. In addition, we demonstrate that 4 to 6 CRY-positive DN_1p cells are sufficient to generate M and E peaks in light-dark cycles and complex free-running rhythms in constant darkness. Ultimately, our detailed screening could serve as a catalog to choose the best Gal4 lines that can be used to rescue <i>per</i> in specific clock neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"463-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Estrous Cycle Coordinates the Circadian Rhythm of Eating Behavior in Mice.","authors":"Victoria M Alvord, Julie S Pendergast","doi":"10.1177/07487304241262356","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241262356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The estrous cycle regulates rhythms of locomotor activity, body temperature, and circadian gene expression. In female mice, activity increases on the night of proestrus, when elevated estrogens cause ovulation. Exogenous estradiol regulates eating behavior rhythms in female mice fed a high-fat diet, but it is unknown whether endogenous estrogens regulate eating rhythms. In this study, we investigated whether diurnal and circadian eating behavior rhythms change systematically across the estrous cycle. We first studied diurnal eating behavior rhythms in female C57BL/6J mice in 12L:12D. Estrous cycle stages were determined by vaginal cytology while eating behavior and wheel revolutions were continuously measured. The mice had regular 4- to 5-day estrous cycles. Consistent with prior studies, the greatest number of wheel revolutions occurred on the night of proestrus into estrus when systemic levels of estrogens peak. The amplitude, or robustness, of the eating behavior rhythm also fluctuated with 4- to 5-day cycles and peaked primarily during proestrus or estrus. The phases of eating behavior rhythms fluctuated, but not at 4- or 5-day intervals, and phases did not correlate with estrous cycle stages. After ovariectomy, the eating behavior rhythm amplitude fluctuated at irregular intervals. In constant darkness, the amplitude of the circadian eating behavior rhythm peaked every 4 or 5 days and coincided with the circadian day that had the greatest number of wheel revolutions, a marker of proestrus. These data suggest that fluctuations of ovarian hormones across the estrous cycle temporally organize the robustness of circadian eating behavior rhythms so that it peaks during ovulation and sexual receptivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"413-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overlapping Central Clock Network Circuitry Regulates Circadian Feeding and Activity Rhythms in Drosophila.","authors":"Sumit Saurabh, Ruth J Meier, Liliya M Pireva, Rabab A Mirza, Daniel J Cavanaugh","doi":"10.1177/07487304241263734","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241263734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circadian system coordinates multiple behavioral outputs to ensure proper temporal organization. Timing information underlying circadian regulation of behavior depends on a molecular circadian clock that operates within clock neurons in the brain. In <i>Drosophila</i> and other organisms, clock neurons can be divided into several molecularly and functionally discrete subpopulations that form an interconnected central clock network. It is unknown how circadian signals are coherently generated by the clock network and transmitted across output circuits that connect clock cells to downstream neurons that regulate behavior. Here, we have exhaustively investigated the contribution of clock neuron subsets to the control of two prominent behavioral outputs in <i>Drosophila</i>: locomotor activity and feeding. We have used cell-specific manipulations to eliminate molecular clock function or induce electrical silencing either broadly throughout the clock network or in specific subpopulations. We find that clock cell manipulations produce similar changes in locomotor activity and feeding, suggesting that overlapping central clock circuitry regulates these distinct behavioral outputs. Interestingly, the magnitude and nature of the effects depend on the clock subset targeted. Lateral clock neuron manipulations profoundly degrade the rhythmicity of feeding and activity. In contrast, dorsal clock neuron manipulations only subtly affect rhythmicity but produce pronounced changes in the distribution of activity and feeding across the day. These experiments expand our knowledge of clock regulation of activity rhythms and offer the first extensive characterization of central clock control of feeding rhythms. Despite similar effects of central clock cell disruptions on activity and feeding, we find that manipulations that prevent functional signaling in an identified output circuit preferentially degrade locomotor activity rhythms, leaving feeding rhythms relatively intact. This demonstrates that activity and feeding are indeed dissociable behaviors, and furthermore suggests that differential circadian control of these behaviors diverges in output circuits downstream of the clock network.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"440-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141766117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering a Beetle Clock: Individual and Sex-Dependent Variation in Daily Activity Patterns.","authors":"Reshma R, Tobias Prüser, Nora K E Schulz, Paula M F Mayer, Maite Ogueta, Ralf Stanewsky, Joachim Kurtz","doi":"10.1177/07487304241263619","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241263619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian clocks are inherent to most organisms, including cryptozoic animals that seldom encounter direct light, and regulate their daily activity cycles. A conserved suite of clock genes underpins these rhythms. In this study, we explore the circadian behaviors of the red flour beetle <i>Tribolium castaneum</i>, a significant pest impacting stored grain globally. We report on how daily light and temperature cues synchronize distinct activity patterns in these beetles, characterized by reduced morning activity and increased evening activity, anticipating the respective environmental transitions. Although less robust, rhythmicity in locomotor activity is maintained in constant dark and constant light conditions. Notably, we observed more robust rhythmic behaviors in males than females with individual variation exceeding those previously reported for other insect species. RNA interference targeting the <i>Clock</i> gene weakened locomotor activity rhythms. Our findings demonstrate the existence of a circadian clock and of clock-controlled behaviors in <i>T. castaneum</i>. Furthermore, they highlight substantial individual differences in circadian activity, laying the groundwork for future research on the relevance of individual variation in circadian rhythms in an ecological and evolutionary context.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"484-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Cycle Variations in Wearable-Detected Finger Temperature and Heart Rate, But Not in Sleep Metrics, in Young and Midlife Individuals.","authors":"Elisabet Alzueta, Marie Gombert-Labedens, Harold Javitz, Dilara Yuksel, Evelyn Perez-Amparan, Leticia Camacho, Orsolya Kiss, Massimiliano de Zambotti, Negin Sattari, Andres Alejandro-Pena, Jing Zhang, Alessandra Shuster, Allison Morehouse, Katharine Simon, Sara Mednick, Fiona C Baker","doi":"10.1177/07487304241265018","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241265018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most studies about the menstrual cycle are laboratory-based, in small samples, with infrequent sampling, and limited to young individuals. Here, we use wearable and diary-based data to investigate menstrual phase and age effects on finger temperature, sleep, heart rate (HR), physical activity, physical symptoms, and mood. A total of 116 healthy females, without menstrual disorders, were enrolled: 67 young (18-35 years, reproductive stage) and 53 midlife (42-55 years, late reproductive to menopause transition). Over one menstrual cycle, participants wore Oura ring Gen2 to detect finger temperature, HR, heart rate variability (root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats [RMSSD]), steps, and sleep. They used luteinizing hormone (LH) kits and daily rated sleep, mood, and physical symptoms. A cosinor rhythm analysis was applied to detect menstrual oscillations in temperature. The effect of menstrual cycle phase and group on all other variables was assessed using hierarchical linear models. Finger temperature followed an oscillatory trend indicative of ovulatory cycles in 96 participants. In the midlife group, the temperature rhythm's mesor was higher, but period, amplitude, and number of days between menses and acrophase were similar in both groups. In those with oscillatory temperatures, HR was lowest during menses in both groups. In the young group only, RMSSD was lower in the late-luteal phase than during menses. Overall, RMSSD was lower, and number of daily steps was higher, in the midlife group. No significant menstrual cycle changes were detected in wearable-derived or self-reported measures of sleep efficiency, duration, wake-after-sleep onset, sleep onset latency, or sleep quality. Mood positivity was higher around ovulation, and physical symptoms manifested during menses. Temperature and HR changed across the menstrual cycle; however, sleep measures remained stable in these healthy young and midlife individuals. Further work should investigate over longer periods whether individual- or cluster-specific sleep changes exist, and if a buffering mechanism protects sleep from physiological changes across the menstrual cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"395-412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward an Indoor Lighting Solution for Social Jet Lag.","authors":"Alexandra Neitz, Alicia Rice, Leandro Casiraghi, Ivana L Bussi, Ethan D Buhr, Maureen Neitz, Jay Neitz, Horacio O de la Iglesia, James A Kuchenbecker","doi":"10.1177/07487304241262918","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241262918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing interest in developing artificial lighting that stimulates intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) to entrain circadian rhythms to improve mood, sleep, and health. Efforts have focused on stimulating the intrinsic photopigment, melanopsin; however, specialized color vision circuits have been elucidated in the primate retina that transmit blue-yellow cone-opponent signals to ipRGCs. We designed a light that stimulates color-opponent inputs to ipRGCs by temporally alternating short- and long-wavelength components that strongly modulate short-wavelength sensitive (S) cones. Two-hour exposure to this S-cone modulating light produced an average circadian phase advance of 1 h and 20 min in 6 subjects (mean age = 30 years) compared to no phase advance for the subjects after exposure to a 500 lux white light equated for melanopsin effectiveness. These results are promising for developing artificial lighting that is highly effective in controlling circadian rhythms by invisibly modulating cone-opponent circuits.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"502-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Plasticity of the Circadian Clock in Response to Photoperiod: A Study in Male Melatonin-Competent Mice.","authors":"Olivia H Cox, Manuel A Giannoni-Guzmán, Jean-Philippe Cartailler, Matthew A Cottam, Douglas G McMahon","doi":"10.1177/07487304241265439","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304241265439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal daylength, or circadian photoperiod, is a pervasive environmental signal that profoundly influences physiology and behavior. In mammals, the central circadian clock resides in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus where it receives retinal input and synchronizes, or entrains, organismal physiology and behavior to the prevailing light cycle. The process of entrainment induces sustained plasticity in the SCN, but the molecular mechanisms underlying SCN plasticity are incompletely understood. Entrainment to different photoperiods persistently alters the timing, waveform, period, and light resetting properties of the SCN clock and its driven rhythms. To elucidate novel candidate genes for molecular mechanisms of photoperiod plasticity, we performed RNA sequencing on whole SCN dissected from mice raised in long (light:dark [LD] 16:8) and short (LD 8:16) photoperiods. Fewer rhythmic genes were detected in mice subjected to long photoperiod, and in general, the timing of gene expression rhythms was advanced 4-6 h. However, a few genes showed significant delays, including <i>Gem</i>. There were significant changes in the expression of the clock-associated gene <i>Timeless</i> and in SCN genes related to light responses, neuropeptides, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), ion channels, and serotonin. Particularly striking were differences in the expression of the neuropeptide signaling genes <i>Prokr2</i> and <i>Cck</i>, as well as convergent regulation of the expression of 3 SCN light response genes, <i>Dusp4</i>, <i>Rasd1</i>, and <i>Gem</i>. Transcriptional modulation of <i>Dusp4</i> and <i>Rasd1</i> and phase regulation of <i>Gem</i> are compelling candidate molecular mechanisms for plasticity in the SCN light response through their modulation of the critical NMDAR-MAPK/ERK-CREB/CRE light signaling pathway in SCN neurons. Modulation of <i>Prokr2</i> and <i>Cck</i> may critically support SCN neural network reconfiguration during photoperiodic entrainment. Our findings identify the SCN light response and neuropeptide signaling gene sets as rich substrates for elucidating novel mechanisms of photoperiod plasticity. Data are also available at http://circadianphotoperiodseq.com/, where users can view the expression and rhythmic properties of genes across these photoperiod conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"423-439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Light Controls the Daily Organization of Breathing by Activating Brn3b-expressing Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in Mice.","authors":"Aaron A Jones,Allison R Spears,Deanna M Arble","doi":"10.1177/07487304241276888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304241276888","url":null,"abstract":"Rhythmic, daily fluctuations in minute ventilation are controlled by the endogenous circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). While light serves as a potent synchronizer for the SCN, it also influences physiology and behavior by activating Brn3b-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). It is currently unclear the extent to which the external light environment shapes daily ventilatory patterns independent of the SCN. To determine the relative influence of environmental light versus circadian timing on the organization of daily rhythms in minute ventilation, we used whole-body plethysmography to measure the breathing of mice housed on a non-entraining T28 cycle (14 h light:14 h dark). Using this protocol, we found that minute ventilation exhibits a ~28-h rhythm with a peak at dark onset that coincides with the light:dark cycle and the animals' locomotor activity. To determine if this 28-h rhythm in minute ventilation was mediated by Brn3b-expressing ipRGCs, we measured the breathing of Brn3bDTA mice housed under the T28 cycle. Brn3bDTA mice lack the Brn3b-expressing ipRGCs that project to many non-SCN brain regions. We found that despite rhythmic light cues occurring on a 28-h basis, Brn3bDTA mice exhibited 24-h rhythms in minute ventilation, locomotor activity, and core body temperature consistent with organization by the SCN. The 24-h minute ventilation rhythm of Brn3bDTA mice was found to be driven predominantly by tidal volume rather than respiratory rate. These data indicate that the external light:dark cycle can directly drive daily patterns in minute ventilation by way of Brn3b-expressing ipRGCs. In addition, these data strongly suggest that the activation of Brn3b-expressing ipRGCs principally organizes daily patterns in breathing and locomotor activity when light:dark cues are presented in opposition to endogenous clock timing.","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"13 1","pages":"7487304241276888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient Cooling Resets Circadian Rhythms of Locomotor Activity in Lizards","authors":"Sakimi Nagashima, Sho T. Yamaguchi, Zhiwen Zhou, Hiroaki Norimoto","doi":"10.1177/07487304241273190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304241273190","url":null,"abstract":"Animals frequently experience temperature fluctuations in their natural life cycle, including periods of low temperatures below their activity range. For example, poikilothermic animals are known to enter a hibernation-like state called brumation during transient cooling. However, the knowledge regarding the physiological responses of brumation is limited. Specifically, the impact of exposure to low-temperature conditions outside the range of temperature compensation on the subsequent circadian behavioral rhythms remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of transient cooling on the behavioral circadian rhythm in the non-avian reptile, the bearded dragon ( Pogona vitticeps). Under constant light (LL) conditions at 30 °C, the animals exhibited a free-running rhythm, and exposure to low temperatures (4 °C) caused a complete cessation of locomotion. Furthermore, we revealed that the behavioral rhythm after rewarming is determined not by the circadian phase at the onset or the duration of cooling, but by the timing of cooling cessation.","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"18 1","pages":"7487304241273190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}