Journal of Biological Rhythms最新文献

{"title":"Persistence of Nocturnality in Decapitated and Bisected Flatworms.","authors":"Shauni E T Omond,&nbsp;John A Lesku","doi":"10.1177/07487304231158947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231158947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of flatworms to regenerate entire brain structures, and indeed much of their body from mere fragments of the whole animal, presents the unique opportunity to observe the development of day-night rhythms in adult animals. In many animals, young are arrhythmic, and their species-specific timing of activity develops as the animal matures. In this study, we created two flatworm cohorts, housed in isolation, that were regenerating either (1) the brain in a decapitated animal, or (2) major body structures in a bisected, tailless animal. In this way, we observed how bisection influenced the level of activity and diel rhythmicity, and how these developed as each flatworm regenerated. Here, we demonstrate that intact flatworms were predominantly active at night, with peaks in activity seen in the hours after lights-off and before lights-on. While decapitated and tailless flatworms could still move, both were less active than the original animal, and both segments retained a nocturnal lifestyle. Furthermore, decapitated flatworms, once regenerated, again showed a U-shaped pattern of nocturnal activity reminiscent of the two night-time peaks seen in the original animal. These results could be used to further investigate how regeneration may affect motor control and motor output, or to further investigate the presence of a clock in the flatworm brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"269-277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10278384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10039687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary Wheel Running Exercise Does Not Attenuate Circadian and Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by Conditional Deletion of <i>Bmal1</i>.","authors":"Musharraf Yusifova,&nbsp;Aykhan Yusifov,&nbsp;Sydney M Polson,&nbsp;William D Todd,&nbsp;Emily E Schmitt,&nbsp;Danielle R Bruns","doi":"10.1177/07487304231152398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231152398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian misalignment occurs with age, jet lag, and shift work, leading to maladaptive health outcomes including cardiovascular diseases. Despite the strong link between circadian disruption and heart disease, the cardiac circadian clock is poorly understood, prohibiting identification of therapies to restore the broken clock. Exercise is the most cardioprotective intervention identified to date and has been suggested to reset the circadian clock in other peripheral tissues. Here, we tested the hypothesis that conditional deletion of core circadian gene <i>Bmal1</i> would disrupt cardiac circadian rhythm and function and that this disruption would be ameliorated by exercise. To test this hypothesis, we generated a transgenic mouse with spatial and temporal deletion of <i>Bmal1</i> only in adult cardiac myocytes (Bmal1 cardiac knockout [cKO]). Bmal1 cKO mice demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis concomitant with impaired systolic function. This pathological cardiac remodeling was not rescued by wheel running. While the molecular mechanisms responsible for the profound cardiac remodeling are unclear, it does not appear to involve activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling or changes in metabolic gene expression. Interestingly, cardiac deletion of <i>Bmal1</i> disrupted systemic rhythms as evidenced by changes in the onset and phasing of activity in relationship to the light/dark cycle and by decreased periodogram power as measured by core temperature, suggesting cardiac clocks can regulate systemic circadian output. Together, we suggest a critical role for cardiac <i>Bmal1</i> in regulating both cardiac and systemic circadian rhythm and function. Ongoing experiments will determine how disruption of the circadian clock causes cardiac remodeling in an effort to identify therapeutics to attenuate the maladaptive outcomes of a broken cardiac circadian clock.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"290-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10277226/pdf/nihms-1863524.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9657159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antisense Transcription of the <i>Neurospora</i> Frequency Gene Is Rhythmically Regulated by CSP-1 Repressor but Dispensable for Clock Function.","authors":"Ibrahim A Cemel,&nbsp;Axel C R Diernfellner,&nbsp;Michael Brunner","doi":"10.1177/07487304231153914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231153914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circadian clock of <i>Neurospora crassa</i> is based on a negative transcriptional/translational feedback loops. The <i>frequency</i> (<i>frq</i>) gene controls the morning-specific rhythmic transcription of a sense RNA encoding FRQ, the negative element of the core circadian feedback loop. In addition, a long noncoding antisense RNA, <i>qrf</i>, is rhythmically transcribed in an evening-specific manner. It has been reported that the <i>qrf</i> rhythm relies on transcriptional interference with <i>frq</i> transcription and that complete suppression of <i>qrf</i> transcription impairs the circadian clock. We show here that <i>qrf</i> transcription is dispensable for circadian clock function. Rather, the evening-specific transcriptional rhythm of <i>qrf</i> is mediated by the morning-specific repressor CSP-1. Since CSP-1 expression is induced by light and glucose, this suggests a rhythmic coordination of <i>qrf</i> transcription with metabolism. However, a possible physiological significance for the circadian clock remains unclear, as suitable assays are not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"259-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10278383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10021738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Multidimensional Sleep Health Parameters and Adolescents' Self-reported Light Exposure in the Free-living Environment.","authors":"Gabrielle Gauthier-Gagné,&nbsp;Sujata Saha,&nbsp;Jana Jensen,&nbsp;Gail Sommerville,&nbsp;Reut Gruber","doi":"10.1177/07487304231152987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231152987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to characterize the associations between light exposure in the free-living environment and multiple dimensions of sleep health of typically developing adolescents. Fifty-six (29 girls, 27 boys) typically developing adolescents (mean age = 13.59, SD = 0.89, range = 12-17 years) participated. For six consecutive nights, sleep was assessed in the home environment using actigraphy. During the same period, participants were asked to fill out a daily sleep log and a daily light exposure log, and to complete questionnaires regarding their alertness and subjective sleep satisfaction. Longer self-reported exposure to daylight in the morning was associated with longer objectively measured sleep duration. Longer self-reported exposures to electronic devices in the evening were associated with later objectively measured sleep onset and offset times, shorter sleep duration, and greater day-to-day sleep variability. Longer morning exposure to outdoor light was associated with a longer sleep duration. Self-reported light exposure was not associated with sleep satisfaction, alertness/sleepiness, or sleep efficiency. Among the covariates, circadian preference accounted for the highest percentage of variance. Adolescents' sleep health is associated with the self-reported duration of exposure to daylight in the morning and to electronic devices in the evening.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"305-317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pittendrigh Remembered.","authors":"Gene D Block,&nbsp;Fred C Davis,&nbsp;Carl Hirschie Johnson,&nbsp;Colin Sandy Pittendrigh,&nbsp;William J Schwartz,&nbsp;Fred W Turek,&nbsp;Russell N Van Gelder","doi":"10.1177/07487304221148590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304221148590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"221-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive Timing: A Reappraisal of Chronobiology's Foundational Texts.","authors":"Patrick Emery,&nbsp;André Klarsfeld,&nbsp;Ralf Stanewsky,&nbsp;Orie T Shafer","doi":"10.1177/07487304231169080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231169080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The origin of experimental chronobiology can be traced to observations made in the 18^th and 19^th centuries on the sensitive plant <i>Mimosa</i>, which were described in two seminal reports: Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan's \"<i>Observation Botanique</i>\" (A <i>Botanical Observation</i>) and Augustin Pyramus de Candolle's \"<i>Du sommeil des feuilles</i>\" (<i>On the sleep of leaves</i>). Both report observations of the striking daily closing and opening of <i>Mimosa</i> leaves in controlled environments. This review presents translations of both texts with the aim of staying as faithful as possible to the original French texts. We also present the historical context in which these texts were written and link them to subsequent experiments that aimed at testing the veracity of their central conclusions. In particular, we definitely establish that Mairan himself presented his work to the French Royal Academy of Sciences, while the published report of his observation was authored by Fontenelle, the Secretary of the Academy. In addition, we offer a translation of Mairan's own presentation, based on the hand-written minutes of the academy. Finally, we discuss the decades of work on plant rhythms that laid the foundation for modern experimental chronobiology, including translations and discussion of the insightful and prescient reports by Charles François de Cisternay Dufay, Henri Louis Duhamel du Monceau, Johann Gottfried Zinn, and Wilhelm Pfeffer, which describe their efforts to reproduce and extend Mairan's pioneering observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"245-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9655761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Dissociation Between Activity and Body Temperature Rhythms of a Subterranean Rodent (<i>Ctenomys famosus</i>) in Field Enclosures.","authors":"Milene G Jannetti,&nbsp;Patricia Tachinardi,&nbsp;Veronica S Valentinuzzi,&nbsp;Gisele A Oda","doi":"10.1177/07487304231154715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231154715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several wild rodents, such as the subterranean tuco-tucos (<i>Ctenomys famosus</i>), switch their time of activity from diurnal to nocturnal when they are transferred from field to the laboratory. Nevertheless, in most studies, different methods to measure activity in each of these conditions were used, which raised the question of whether the detected change in activity timing could be an artifact. Because locomotor activity and body temperature (Tb) rhythms in rodents are tightly synchronized and because abdominal Tb loggers can provide continuous measurements across field and laboratory, we monitored Tb as a proxy of activity in tuco-tucos transferred from a semi-field enclosure to constant lab conditions. In the first stage of this study (\"Tb-only group,\" 2012-2016), we verified high incidence (55%, <i>n</i> = 20) of arrhythmicity, with no consistent diurnal Tb rhythms in tuco-tucos maintained under semi-field conditions. Because these results were discrepant from subsequent findings using miniature accelerometers (portable activity loggers), which showed diurnal activity patterns in natural conditions (<i>n</i> = 10, \"Activity-only group,\" 2016-2017), we also investigated, in the present study, whether the tight association between activity and Tb would be sustained outside the lab. To verify this, we measured activity and Tb simultaneously across laboratory and semi-field deploying both accelerometers and Tb loggers to each animal. These measurements (<i>n</i> = 11, \"Tb + activity group,\" 2019-2022) confirmed diurnality of locomotor activity and revealed an unexpected loosening of the temporal association between Tb and activity rhythms in the field enclosures, which is otherwise robustly tight in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10004294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Families.","authors":"Mary Harrington","doi":"10.1177/07487304231162492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231162492","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"219-220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patricia J. DeCoursey (28 December 1932 to 1 January 2022).","authors":"Mary Harrington,&nbsp;Joseph S Takahashi","doi":"10.1177/07487304231161950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304231161950","url":null,"abstract":"Patricia DeCoursey was a pioneer in many ways. She was a research scientist and a professor at a time when few women held such jobs. For many years, she was a single mother (a widow) and was able to raise her family in a beautiful home. In her research, she helped to define a key function, the phase response curve (PRC) to light (DeCoursey, 1960a, 1960b). Her behavioral studies were meticulous and wonderfully detailed. She worked with others to publish what remains our core chronobiology textbook (Dunlap et al., 2004). In her later career, she conducted some of our field’s most impactful “clocks in the wild” studies (DeCoursey, 2014). Pat’s career as a Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of South Carolina included both laboratory and field studies. She studied flying squirrels and golden hamsters, and in her naturalistic studies, chipmunks, white-tailed antelope squirrels, and golden-mantled ground squirrels. From 2006 to 2019, Pat directed the W. Gordon Belser Arboretum, a 10-acre teaching forest for the university. Pat’s early life was unusual for several reasons. She was a triplet with an identical twin sister. Her family spent one summer camping in northern wilderness forests. When Pat was in fourth grade, she moved to Washington, DC, but she maintained a love of the wilderness. In high school in New York City, she completed a census of all the songbirds in a forest in Long Island, winning finalist status in the 1950 Westinghouse Science Talent Search. She attended Cornell University for her undergraduate degree in zoology and then received her PhD in zoology and biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. She conducted postdoctoral research for 2 years at the Max-Planck Institute in Erling-Andechs, Germany, with Jurgen Aschoff. She even served as one of the early subjects of a “bunker” experiment, living in temporal isolation for 28 days. Her enthusiasm for science is nicely reflected in the text of a letter she wrote to her sister Cynthia at the time:","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 3","pages":"242-244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9649129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Self-Rating of Biological Rhythm Disorder for Adolescents (SBRDA) Scale by Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Healthy Young Adults.","authors":"Yang Xie,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Wu,&nbsp;Xingyue Mou,&nbsp;Meng Wang,&nbsp;Shuman Tao,&nbsp;Yuhui Wan,&nbsp;Fangbiao Tao","doi":"10.1177/07487304221141939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304221141939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the biological rhythms that influence young adult health is vital because the combination of biological changes and a circadian phase delay lead to young adults being at high risk of circadian misalignment. We have previously established a self-rating of biological rhythm disorder for adolescents (SBRDA). However, we did not externally validate the SBRDA against objective measures of biological rhythms such as dim light melatonin onset (DLMO)-the gold standard of the endogenous circadian phase. The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of SBRDA in identifying individuals with biological rhythm disorders. Our participants were 42 (47.2%) boys and 47 (52.8%) girls with an average age of 18.5 ± 1.2 years. Saliva samples were collected from 4 h before bed time to 2 h after sleep every 60 min in a dim-light (<50 lx) laboratory environment. Biological rhythm parameters were assessed using questionnaires, including SBRDA, MEQ, and MCTQ. The mean DLMO time (h) was 22.2 ± 1.9. The DLMO correlated significantly with the SBRDA score (<i>r</i> = 0.33, <i>p</i> < 0.001), MEQ score (<i>r</i> = -0.24, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and MSFsc (<i>r</i> = 0.26, <i>p</i> < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that SBRDA was of diagnostic value for biological rhythm disorder (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Our observations demonstrate that SBRDA, which is consistent with MEQ and MCTQ, can be used to reflect endogenous circadian rhythm disorders in young adults. Exposure to dim light may activate melatonin secretion and lead to an earlier peak in young adults with biological rhythm disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"38 2","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9250475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}