Journal of Biological Rhythms最新文献

{"title":"Menstrual Cycle Temperature Dynamics and Their Association With Conception: A Within- and Between-Person Analysis.","authors":"Orsolya Kiss, Marie Gombert-Labedens, Alan Taitz, Fiona C Baker","doi":"10.1177/07487304251409583","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251409583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temperature regulation across the menstrual cycle follows predictable rhythmic changes driven by reproductive hormones, particularly the thermogenic effect of progesterone in the luteal phase. While basal body temperature has long been used to identify ovulatory cycles, it is less clear how detailed features of the temperature rhythm, including its strength (amplitude) and timing (phase), relate to the likelihood of conception, especially when accounting for individual variability in cycle length and age. Here, we aimed to examine associations between menstrual temperature rhythm characteristics and conception likelihood using both between-person and within-person analyses. We analyzed daily temperature data from 423 women (19-40 years) contributing 4682 cycles, who were participants in a multi-country study about fertility conducted between 1992 and 1996 (\"Fertili\" dataset). Cycle-level temperature fluctuations were modeled using linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) with cosine and sine terms scaled to each cycle's length, from which amplitude and phase parameters were derived. At the level of consecutive cycle-series (sessions), GLMMs assessed whether rhythm features, mean temperature, cycle length, cycle regularity, and age predicted conception. Within-person analyses compared pre-conceptive and non-conceptive cycles from the same individual, restricted to cycles with sexual intercourse during the fertile window. Temperature showed a robust oscillatory pattern across the menstrual cycle. At the session level, higher mean temperature was associated with greater conception likelihood in the pre-conceptive cycles, and phase in temperature rhythms tended to be beneficial, particularly in longer cycles. A 3-way interaction revealed that conception was most likely in cycles following shorter cycles (≤35 days) when temperature rhythms were both high in amplitude and well-timed in phase, whereas in longer cycles, rhythm timing appeared to play a larger role than amplitude alone. Within-person comparisons showed that larger temperature phase occurred more often in pre-conceptive cycles than in cycles not followed by conception. Both the magnitude and timing of menstrual temperature rhythms carry information about potential for conception beyond the detection of a post-ovulatory rise. Conception appears most likely when strong rhythmicity aligns optimally with the fertile window in typical length cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"356-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146052156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>dlmoR</i>: An Open-Source R Package for the Dim-Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) Hockey-Stick Method.","authors":"Salma M Thalji, Manuel Spitschan","doi":"10.1177/07487304251389994","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251389994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) is a commonly used circadian marker indicating the start time of evening melatonin synthesis in humans. Several quantitative techniques have been developed to determine DLMO from melatonin time series, including fixed- or variable-threshold techniques and the hockey-stick method developed by Danilenko et al (2014). Here, we introduce <i>dlmoR</i>, an open-source (MIT License) implementation of the hockey-stick method written in R. Our clean-room implementation follows the original algorithm description, supported by iterative validation against the existing binary executable. We benchmarked <i>dlmoR</i> on 112 melatonin time series data sets from two independent studies and found high agreement with the reference implementation: mean discrepancies were <math><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>482</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>21</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math> min for the Heinrichs and Spitschan (2025) data set and <math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>165</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>28</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math> min for the Blume et al. (2024) data set, with circular correlation coefficients of 0.964 and 0.986, respectively. Paired <i>t</i>-tests (<math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>></mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math>) indicated no systematic difference or bias between methods. Beyond reproducing the hockey-stick algorithm, <i>dlmoR</i> adds capabilities absent from the original executable, including interactive visual diagnostics and bootstrapped confidence intervals, offering qualitative and quantitative views of estimation uncertainty. It supports programmatic, reproducible analysis of melatonin profiles, including batch processing and parameter manipulation. Leveraging this flexibility, we evaluated the sensitivity of the hockey-stick algorithm to controlled changes in sampling schedules, threshold levels, data completeness, and noise. Moderate changes, such as small timing jitter, limited data loss, or modest threshold shifts, kept estimates stable within ±10 min, whereas pronounced alterations to sampling schedules, large multi-point deletions, or substantial threshold changes delayed estimates by over 40 min or prevented estimation. This analysis reveals fundamental limitations in the algorithm's internal mechanics, particularly in how it identifies the onset window and models the melatonin rise, and underscores the need for new uncertainty-aware approaches to DLMO estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"301-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146180064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Night Shift Work on the Gut Microbiome Diversity: The EXPONIT Study.","authors":"Raquel Galan, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Elisa Rubio-Garcia, Rubén Lopez-Aladid, Ana Espinosa, Kyriaki Papantoniou, Mariona Bustamante, Parveen Bhatti, Camille Lassale, Cristina Márquez, Ana Alfaro, Climent Casals-Pascual, Manolis Kogevinas, Barbara N Harding","doi":"10.1177/07487304251408152","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251408152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Night shift work may alter the gut microbiome through mechanisms involving circadian misalignment, sleep disturbance, and changes in dietary behavior. However, existing studies on this topic have been limited in sample size and scope. We analyzed stool samples from 240 participants (mean age 42 years, 80% women), of whom 53% were night shift workers. Gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to derive measures of relative abundance, alpha diversity, and beta diversity. Associations between night shift work and microbial composition and alpha diversity were examined using generalized linear models with a Gamma distribution and log link for alpha diversity and Aitchison distance for beta diversity. The effect of night shift work on microbiome genera abundance was evaluated using MaAsLin2 analysis. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and educational level. We also explored potential interactions by sleep quality, diet, and chronotype. There were no overall significant differences in alpha or beta diversity between day and night shift workers, but participants with less than 15 years of night work showed slightly higher Abundance-based Coverage Estimator than non-night workers. Interaction with sleep quality was observed (<i>p</i>-value: 0.01). Among participants with poor sleep quality, night shift work was significantly associated with lower alpha diversity (exp(β): 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99, <i>p</i>-value: 0.02). Day shift workers showed high relative abundance of <i>Ruminococcus</i>, while night shift workers had increased <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i> at descriptive level, none of which remain statistically significant after false discovery rate. Our findings indicate that night shift work may influence gut microbiome diversity, especially in individuals with poor sleep quality. Future research should explore the long-term health consequences of these microbial changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"344-355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malcolm von Schantz.","authors":"Debra J Skene, Simon N Archer, Claudia R C Moreno, Jason Ellis","doi":"10.1177/07487304251414263","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251414263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"299-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Timing Moderates Diurnal Positive Affect Rhythms in Adolescents.","authors":"Riya Mirchandaney, Delainey L Wescott, Margaret C Kuzemchak, Allysa D Quick, Kathryn Guo, Duncan B Clark, Daniel J Buysse, Greg J Siegle, Meredith L Wallace, Brant P Hasler","doi":"10.1177/07487304251408573","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251408573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In adult samples, tightly-controlled laboratory studies indicate the presence of circadian rhythms in positive (and negative) affect. Naturalistic studies also suggest the presence of diurnal positive affect rhythms in adults, the characteristics (acrophase, mesor, and amplitude) of which vary by self-report circadian preference-greater evening preference is associated with later acrophase, lower mesor, and lower amplitude in positive affect. We examined the extent to which diurnal affect rhythms are associated with 4 different measures of circadian timing, including dim light melatonin onset, in a sample of high-school adolescents who reported at least one drink of alcohol in their lifetime (<i>N</i> = 126, 17.3 ± 0.87 years, 55.6% female). Cosinor models found support for robust diurnal rhythms in positive, but not negative, affect. The overall modeled positive affect rhythm had an acrophase at 3:39 PM, a mesor of 9.77, and an amplitude of 1.61. Later circadian timing was associated with later acrophase in positive affect rhythms across the following measures: circadian preference (3:00 PM vs 4:20 PM, <i>p</i> < .001), chronotype (3:20 PM vs 4:11 PM, <i>p</i> = .014), and actigraphy-based midsleep (3:08 PM vs 4:16 PM, <i>p</i> = .014). We did not find significant associations between circadian phase (dim light melatonin onset) and positive affect rhythms. We also explored weekday-weekend differences in positive affect rhythms, finding significantly higher mesor (9.71 vs 9.99, <i>p</i> = .004) and lower amplitude (1.69 vs 1.26, <i>p</i> = .008) on the weekends than weekdays. In sum, compared to their peers, adolescents with later sleep and circadian timing experience a delayed peak in positive affect during the day, which may have consequences for behavioral activation and depressed mood. These findings underscore the importance of considering the role of sleep and circadian factors in affective processes during adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"366-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stool Dynamics and the Developing Gut Microbiome During Infancy.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Andoli, Sarah Schoch, Andjela Markovic, Christophe Mühlematter, Matthieu Beaugrand, Oskar G Jenni, Rabia Liamlahi, Jean-Claude Walser, Dennis Nielsen, Salome Kurth","doi":"10.1177/07487304251407313","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251407313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The infant gut microbiome is a dynamic ecosystem, and it is key to early development, immune maturation, and overall health. Recent insights reveal that the gut microbiota undergoes changes across the 24-h day, raising the possibility that it may act as a \"zeitgeber,\" supporting the host's sleep-wake organization. Despite its importance, timing factors influencing microbiome composition are poorly understood, limiting its use as a health indicator. This study investigates the relationship between stool dynamics (defecation interval, time of sampling), sleep pressure (interval since last sleep), meal timing, and gut microbial composition. Stool samples from 198 healthy infants, aged 3 to 31 months, were analyzed to assess microbial diversity, richness evenness, and abundance. Our findings reveal that longer intervals between bowel movements are associated with increased microbial diversity, evenness, and richness. Stool timing is associated with shifts in microbial composition, especially in younger infants, indicating diurnal microbial fluctuations to become more stable as infants mature. Longer periods of wakefulness were associated with increased microbial diversity in early infancy, although this effect appeared to diminish with age. Feeding schedules had limited effects on the gut microbiome. Longer fasting before sampling showed no significant associations with most microbial parameters, except for a positive association with microbial richness. At the phylum level, results indicate that infant gut microbial composition is influenced by behavior and physiology. Longer intervals between bowel movements were associated with shifts in bacterial abundance, with <i>Proteobacteria</i> decreasing and <i>Actinobacteria</i> increasing. In addition, later stool sampling times revealed higher <i>Actinobacteria</i> levels, and longer fasting was associated with reduced <i>Bacteroidetes</i>. Sleep pressure showed a trend effect with <i>Firmicutes</i> displaying a slight decrease in infants who had been awake longer. Our findings underscore the importance of time-based factors on infant gut microbiome composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"324-343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RhythmInsight: An Interactive Web Platform for Circadian and Diurnal Rhythmic Analysis and Visualization.","authors":"Guohao Han, Xiaodie Wu, Xiaoyun Xiao, Tengfei Guo, Dan Li, Haisen Zhang, Dengke Gao, Chao Li, Aihua Wang, Hsu-Wen Chao, Yaping Jin, Huatao Chen","doi":"10.1177/07487304261437377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304261437377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological cycles with a period of approximately 24 h that integrate a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes in living organisms. In addition to circadian rhythms, many other biological processes also exhibit diurnal (24 h) rhythms driven by external environmental cues. With the significance of circadian and diurnal regulation becoming increasingly recognized, the field of chronobiology is exhibiting unprecedented growth in the life sciences and translational medicine. Over the past 2 decades, a variety of computational methods have been developed to detect and extract rhythmic signals from the time-series data of different species. However, existing rhythmic analysis tools are often fragmented, demand programming expertise, exhibit limited visualization capabilities, and impose inconsistent requirements on data types and sampling intervals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a convenient and comprehensive tool for detecting and analyzing the circadian and diurnal rhythmicity. To meet this demand, RhythmInsight was developed as an open access, web-based platform for comprehensive analysis and visualization of circadian and diurnal rhythms across various species and data types, including physiological, omics, and experimental data. RhythmInsight includes 3 modules: Rhythmic Analysis, Differential Rhythmicity Analysis, and Rhythmic Visualization. The Rhythmic Analysis module incorporates 9 algorithms (JTK_CYCLE, Cosinor, CircaCompare, meta2d, Lomb-Scargle, RAIN, ARSER, Fisher's G-test, and Robust G-test) to detect and characterize rhythmic signals. The Differential Rhythmicity Analysis module, based on CircaCompare, detects and compares rhythmic parameters (amplitude, phase, and the Midline Estimating Statistic of Rhythm) between 2 experimental conditions. The Rhythmic Visualization module provides powerful graphical tools, including line plots, fitted curves, heatmaps, polar plots, and boxplots, for the intuitive visualization of time-dependent trends. By integrating rhythmic algorithmic analysis with interactive visualization, RhythmInsight simplifies the analysis process and enhances accessibility for researchers without programming backgrounds, particularly experimental biologists and early-career scientists. RhythmInsight is freely available at https://RhythmInsight.com.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"7487304261437377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the FEO Food-Entrainable? Reexamining the Classic Fred Stephan Experiment Using Canonical-Clock-Less <i>Period 1/2/3</i> Triple Knockout Mice.","authors":"S K Tahajjul Taufique, David E Ehichioya, Sofia Farah, Melody Shen, Shin Yamazaki","doi":"10.1177/07487304261445542","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304261445542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When nocturnal rodents are subjected to daytime restricted feeding, in which food is only available for a few hours per day, they typically become active a few hours before the onset of the scheduled mealtime. This so-called food-anticipatory activity (FAA) is controlled by an autonomous circadian pacemaker, which is independent from the central circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Fred Stephan named this pacemaker the food-entrainable oscillator (FEO) because FAA re-entrains to a shifted feeding schedule. We recently developed a method to measure food-seeking nose-poking behavior by an operant feeding device and found that anticipatory food-seeking nose-poking for scheduled daily food availability shifts in parallel with phase-shifted environmental light-dark cycles, raising the possibility that anticipatory food-seeking behavior is controlled by an oscillator entrained to the environmental light-dark cycle. With this possible light-entrainability of the FEO, we revisited Stephan's historical experiment-testing whether the FEO entrains to feeding cycle in the absence of a light-dark cycle without functional SCN-using <i>Period 1/2/3</i> triple knockout (KO) mice, in which the canonical circadian oscillators in the SCN and peripheral tissues are disabled. KO mice were subjected to restricted feeding under constant darkness. The food-seeking nose-poking activity of a subset of the KO mice indeed occasionally entrained to the feeding cycle and re-entrained to a shifted feeding cycle. Despite our previous study showing that anticipatory food-seeking behavior shifted with the environmental light-dark cycle, these data demonstrate that it can also entrain to the feeding cycle in the absence of an environmental light-dark cycle, supporting Stephan's observation that the FEO is indeed food-entrainable.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"7487304261445542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147815428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Lentiviral Fluorescent Reporter to Study Circadian Rhythms in Single Cells.","authors":"Christian H Gabriel, Luis Lehmann, Joana Ahlburg, Achim Kramer","doi":"10.1177/07487304261431992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304261431992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian rhythms-self-sustained, ~24-h oscillations in transcript and protein levels-are generated by a cell-autonomous molecular clock. These rhythms shape how individual cells respond to external signals, influencing key decisions such as differentiation and apoptosis. However, current tools for visualizing circadian rhythms at the single-cell level often rely on genomic engineering and clonal expansion, limiting their accessibility and applicability. We present fluorescent circadian reporters based on the murine <i>REVERBα/Nr1d1</i> gene, delivered via lentiviral transduction and compatible with time-lapse single-cell microscopy. These reporters produce oscillatory signals that depend on a functional circadian clock and can be used to determine a cell's circadian dynamics parameters, such as circadian phase. Their simple and efficient delivery should make them suitable for a wide variety of cell types, greatly expanding opportunities to study single-cell circadian dynamics and their impact across diverse biological processes and systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"7487304261431992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype, Race, and Gender.","authors":"Roberto Refinetti","doi":"10.1177/07487304261439211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304261439211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter follows up on an article recently published in the <i>Journal of Biological Rhythms</i>. The authors of the original article used actigraphy data from a sample of 720 participants to show that the mean chronotype of male participants is not only significantly different from the mean chronotype of female participants but also that the mean chronotype of Black participants is about 20 min later than the mean chronotype of White participants. I reached the same conclusions using a larger data set of 7562 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. This corroboration is important because the associations of race and gender with chronotype have been inconsistent in studies in which chronotype was measured with questionnaires rather than with objective rest-activity measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"7487304261439211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}