Journal of Behavioral Addictions最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics associated with problematic pornography use among individuals seeking treatment for opioid use disorder.","authors":"Elina A Stefanovics, Shane W Kraus, Lynn M Madden, Scott Farnum, Erica Cannata, Marc N Potenza, Declan Barry","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Many jurisdictions are experiencing opioid epidemics. Opioid use disorder (OUD) often co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders including behavioral addictions like gambling disorder. However, little is known regarding the frequency and correlates of problematic pornography use (PPU) among people seeking treatment for OUD. Here we aimed to investigate PPU and its correlates in people seeking OUD treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>From October 2018 to March 2020, 1,272 individuals seeking OUD treatment were screened for PPU by completing the Brief Pornography Screen (BPS), a 5-item instrument validated for assessing PPU. Self-reported data were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the sample there were 707 (60%) males and 565 (40%) females. The mean age of participants was 37.9 ± 10.5 years (range 18-73), there were 707 (60%) males and 565 (40%) females, 14.4% (n = 183) exhibited low positive BPS scores (1 ≤ score ≤4), and 4.5% of the sample (n = 57) screened positive for PPU (BPS score ≥4). Individuals screening positive for PPU versus negative were mostly male (77%), scored higher on measures of impulsivity in the domains of positive urgency, negative urgency, and sensation-seeking and demonstrated more psychopathology on measures of substance use, psychotic symptoms, emotional lability, depression/functioning and self-harm.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>A minority of individuals seeking treatment for OUD screened positive for PPU. Among individuals with OUD, those screening positive (versus negative) for PPU were more impulsive and experienced more psychiatric symptoms, suggesting the need for additional investigation and screening for and addressing PPU in people with OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of age on gambling problems worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk among younger, middle-aged, and older adults.","authors":"Georgia Dellosa,Matthew Browne","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Background and AimsProblem gambling (PG) represents a significant public health concern with widespread effects in various cultures and regions globally, with younger individuals and males at a particularly higher risk. This disparity is attributed to a mix of cultural, developmental, and biological influences. To date, there has not been a comprehensive examination to determine whether this risk pattern holds consistently across different jurisdictions.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA framework, identifying 21 eligible studies from 18 countries, encompassing 156,249 participants (47.6% male and 52.4% female).ResultsThe studies varied considerably by region (Asia: 19%, Europe: 52%, Oceania: 19%, North America: 10%), the diagnostic criteria for PG, and participation rates in gambling (ranging from 12% to 92%). Data on PG prevalence was categorised by gender and three age groups (young: 18-35, middle: 30-55, and older: 45-65). Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we found a global PG prevalence of 1.9%. Europe reported a significantly lower prevalence (1.3%) compared to North America (5.3%). Men were found to be 3.4 times more likely than women to engage in problem gambling, although the gap narrows in North America. The young demographic showed a 1.51 times higher likelihood of reporting PG compared to the middle-aged group, whereas older adults were 0.80 times less likely to report PG. Notably, age-related effects varied significantly across regions.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that age and gender significantly influence PG risk across cultures, with significant heterogeneity observed across jurisdictions.","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet gaming disorder and risky behaviours among Czech adolescents: A nationally representative study.","authors":"Jaroslava Suchá,Martin Dolejš,Daniel Dostál,Helena Pipová,Halley M Pontes","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00045","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aimsThe aim of the present study was to estimate the complex association between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), substance use, and other risky behaviours in Czech adolescents whilst providing prevalence estimates of IGD and psychometric information regarding the Czech Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF).MethodsA representative sample of 3,950 Czech adolescents was recruited through stratified random sampling in the school setting.ResultsDisordered gamers showed frequent use of specific substances such as pharmaceuticals, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide. In contrast, non-gamers had higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarettes, sedatives and tranquillisers, and marijuana use. A logistic regression, utilising IGDS9-SF raw scores and average daily gaming time, revealed a U-shaped relationship between gaming and both alcohol and cigarette use. Additionally, conduct problems such as bullying, and risky in-game behaviours were more prevalent among disordered gamers, with the exception of forging parents' signatures. The overall prevalence of IGD was 3.62% (95% CI = [3.1%, 4.3%]), with higher rates in males (5.89%; 95% CI = [4.9%, 7.0%]) than in females (1.45%; 95% CI = [1.0%, 2.1%]).Discussion and conclusionsThe Czech IGDS9-SF used in the present study showed adequate psychometric properties. The association between gaming and substance use behaviours may be specific and multifaceted depending on the severity of the gaming-related problems. Furthermore, disordered gamers may become more vulnerable due to a higher incidence of conduct problems, bullying (victimisation), and in-game risky behaviours such as engagement with microtransactions mechanics (e.g., loot box) within video games.","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of cortical anatomy in male participants with internet gaming disorder or tobacco use disorder: Insights from normative modeling.","authors":"Xuefeng Ma,Anhang Jiang,Junhong Dai,Shuang Li,Hongan Chen,Yong Xie,Shizhen Wang,Bo Yang,Lingxiao Wang,Guang-Heng Dong","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00044","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundResearch on individual differences in brain structural features of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and established addictions such as tobacco use disorder (TUD) is currently limited. This study utilized normative modeling to analyze the cortical thickness (CT) development patterns of male patients with IGD and TUD, aiming to provide further insights into whether IGD qualifies as an addiction.MethodsSurface-based brain morphometry (SBM) was used to calculate CT from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data of 804 male participants (665 healthy individuals, 68 IGD and 71 TUD). Gaussian process regression was employed to generate normative models of CT development. Deviation maps were produced to depict deviations of IGD and TUD participants from the typical developmental patterns.ResultsBoth addiction groups exhibited widespread cortical thinning, particularly in regions such as the bilateral temporal pole and medial orbitofrontal cortex. The TUD group demonstrated a higher degree of individualization and limited spatial overlap compared to the IGD group. Opposite trends in CT changes were observed between the two groups in the bilateral pericalcarine cortex and pars triangularis.ConclusionsThese findings regarding the similarities and differences between IGD and TUD provide support for the idea that IGD shares common features with substance-related addictions and contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying IGD.","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PornLoS Treatment Program: Study protocol of a new psychotherapeutic approach for treating pornography use disorder.","authors":"Rudolf Stark, Charlotte Markert, Sarah Golder, Rhea Psarros, Julian P Discher, Said Khatib, Julia Metzger, Sebastian Palmer, Johanna Rechmann, Florian Storz, Bertram Walter, Sarah Allard, Stephanie Antons, Marta Bledzka, Matthias Brand, Sandra Dörrenbächer, Julia Englisch, Thilo Friehs, Katja Da Cunha Gonçalves, Anke Haberkamp, Mila Hall, Schahryar Kananian, Pascal Kemmerer, Doerthe Klingelhöfer, Wolfgang Lutz, Christiane A Melzig, Tanja Michael, Anja Neumann, Silke Neusser, Anja Niemann, Michael Odenthal, Julian Rubel, Sarah Schlierenkamp, Christian Speckemeier, Luisa Ünlü, Rabea Vogt, Klaus Wölfling, Wiebke Zachariassen, Gerrit Zur Hausen, Christine Heinz","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00046","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The introduction of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) into the 11th International Classification of Diseases has raised expectations for better treatment options for CSBD. Furthermore, the treatment demand has increased, particularly for pornography use disorder (PUD), a subtype of CSBD. Presumably due to the easy access to Internet pornography an increasing prevalence of PUD is observed. Consequently, providing tailored and effective treatment is essential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article provides an overview of the manualized short-term PornLoS Treatment Program (Pornografienutzungsstörung effektiv behandeln- Leben ohne Suchtdruck; translation: Treating pornography use disorder effectively - life without craving). The program combines 24 individual and 6 group psychotherapy sessions with an interdisciplinary approach by offering a novel treatment framework. This includes, e.g., a mobile app, establishment of self-help groups, and access to other social services such as couple counseling. The cognitive-behavioral treatment program contains interventions addressing psychoeducation, cue exposure, impulse control, cognitive restructuring, emotional regulation, and relapse management.We here also describe the study protocol of an ongoing four-arm randomized controlled trial. The aim is to test two variants of the PornLoS Treatment Program differing with respect to their treatment goal (abstinence or reduced pornography use) against cognitive-behavioral treatment as usual and against a waitlist control group. The primary outcome is the absence of a PUD diagnosis at the end of therapy. The total target sample size will comprise n = 316 patients with PUD across eight study sites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results will be presented at international conferences and published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"854-870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal EEG dynamics during decision-making in online poker players with problem gambling.","authors":"Julie Giustiniani, Magali Nicolier, Florine Maylié, Lionel Pazart, Emmanuel Haffen, Damien Gabriel","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00048","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Gambling activity evolves along a continuum from recreational to Gambling Disorder (GD) and a particular challenge is to identify whether there are some neurophysiological particularities already present in gamblers at an early stage. Our main goal was to determine whether, in the gamblers' population, neural responses generated during uncertain decisions were different depending on problematic gambling risk defined by the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI). We tested the following hypothesis, that the Problem Gambling group would show a different brain activity related to outcomes processing than people with low risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this purpose, we established a relatively homogeneous population of Online Poker Players divided into two groups according to the CPGI (Low Risk and Problem Gambling). By means of high-density EEG, we compared the spatio-temporal dynamics generated during the completion of the Iowa Gambling Task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One specific topographic map was observed between 150-175 ms after a negative outcome for both groups, whereas it was displayed in the win condition only for the Problem Gambling group. We found that the Global Field Power of this map was negatively correlated with participants' adherence to a strategy. Source localization identified Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Temporal regions as generators of this map.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Reward hypersensitivity EEG responses identified in the early outcome process could constitute a potential biomarker of problematic gambling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"768-778"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive evaluation of the neurocognitive predictors of problematic alcohol use, eating, pornography, and internet use: A 6-month longitudinal study.","authors":"Erynn Christensen, Lucy Albertella, Samuel R Chamberlain, Chao Suo, Maja Brydevall, Jon E Grant, Murat Yücel, Rico Sze Chun Lee","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00041","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Cognitive control and reward-related abnormalities are centrally implicated in addiction. However, findings from longitudinal studies addressing neurocognitive predictors of addictive behaviors are mixed. Further, little work has been conducted predicting non-substance-related addictive behaviors. Our study aimed to assess predictors of substance and non-substance addictive behaviors in a community sample, systematically evaluating each neurocognitive function's independent influence on addictive behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Australians (N = 294; 51.7% female; M[SD] age = 24.8[4.7] years) completed online neurocognitive tasks and surveys at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Self-report scales assessed problematic alcohol use, addictive eating (AE), problematic pornography use (PPU), and problematic internet use (PUI) at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Linear regressions with bootstrapping assessed neurocognitive predictors for each addictive behavior across a 6-month period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neurocognition at baseline did not predict AE or PUI severity at 6-month follow-up. Less delay discounting at baseline predicted higher PPU at 6-month follow-up (β = -0.16, p = 0.005). Poorer performance monitoring at baseline predicted higher AE at 3-month follow-up (β = -0.16, p = 0.004), and more reward-related attentional capture at 3-months predicted higher AE at 6-month follow-up (β = 0.14, p = 0.033). Less reward-related attentional capture (β = -0.14, p = 0.003) and less risk-taking under ambiguity (β = -0.11, p = 0.029) at baseline predicted higher PUI at 3-month follow-up. All findings were of small effect size. None of the neurocognitive variables predicted problematic alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>We were unable to identify a core set of specific neurocognitive functions that reliably predict multiple addictive behavior types. However, our findings indicate both cognitive control and reward-related functions predict non-substance addictive behaviors in different ways. Findings suggest that there may be partially distinct neurocognitive mechanisms contributing to addiction depending on the specific addictive behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"823-840"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A familial subtype of gambling disorder.","authors":"Jon E Grant, Ibrahim Aslan, Samuel R Chamberlain","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00042","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although family history of psychiatric disorders has often been considered potentially useful in understanding clinical presentations in patients, it is less clear what a positive gambling family history means for people with gambling disorder. We sought to understand the clinical impact of having a first-degree relative with gambling disorder in a sample of adults with gambling disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 455 participants (aged 18-65 years) who had participated in previous pharmacological and psychotherapeutic clinical trials for gambling disorder were pooled in a secondary analysis. Demographic and clinical variables were compared between those who did versus did not have one or more first-degree relative(s) with gambling disorder. Additionally, we examined whether a family history of gambling disorder was associated with treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>223 (49.0%) participants had at least one first-degree family member(s) with gambling disorder. In terms of clinical variables, family history of gambling disorder was significantly associated with being female, having an earlier age of gambling onset, longer duration of untreated gambling illness, a greater likelihood of developing legal problems secondary to gambling, and higher rates of alcohol use disorder in family members. Family history of gambling disorder was also associated with a greater gambling symptom improvement from pharmacotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that gamblers with a first-degree family member with a gambling disorder may have a unique clinical presentation and better response to treatment interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"761-767"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blunted sensitivity to expected value during risky decision making in individuals with problematic pornography use.","authors":"Jianfeng Wang, Shuangyi Qu, Ruiyu Li, Shaoyue Tang, Hong Li","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00043","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Neurobiological models of addiction posit that addiction manifests through an amplified salience towards addiction-associated stimuli and a diminished responsiveness to non-addiction-related incentives. However, existing research on reward processing in individuals with problematic pornography use (PPU) has primarily been limited to sexual cue reactivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this event-related potential (ERP) study, we employed a risky decision-making task involving 30 individuals with PPU and 33 healthy controls (HCs) to examine the effects of PPU on non-pornographic (money) reward valuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to HCs, individuals with PPU exhibited compromised sensitivity to monetary rewards. Specifically, while the HC group demonstrated a differential response in late positive potential (LPP) amplitude to various expected value (EV) levels, this pattern was absent in the PPU group. This impairment was associated with poorer adaptive decision-making, as evidenced by PPU participants' inability to adjust risk choices based on changes in EV, leading to a propensity for riskier decisions in disadvantageous situations.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The findings of impaired monetary evaluation in individuals with PPU may potentially explain why they continually pursue pornographic rewards while showing insensitivity to other rewards in daily life. Consequently, treatment development strategies may prioritize improving sensitivity to non-pornographic rewards within this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"779-790"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gaming Disorder Identification Test (GADIT) - A screening tool for Gaming Disorder based on ICD-11.","authors":"Gary C K Chan, John B Saunders, Daniel Stjepanović, Caitlin McClure-Thomas, Jason Connor, Leanne Hides, Andrew Wood, Daniel King, Kristiana Siste, Jiang Long, Janni K Leung","doi":"10.1556/2006.2024.00038","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2006.2024.00038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gaming Disorder was included as an addictive disorder in the latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), published in 2022. The present study aimed to develop a screening tool for Gaming Disorder, the Gaming Disorder Identification Test (GADIT), based on the four ICD-11 diagnostic criteria: impaired control, increasing priority, continued gaming despite harm, and functional impairment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We reviewed 297 questionnaire items from 48 existing gaming addiction scales and selected 68 items based on content validity. Two datasets were collected: 1) an online panel (N = 803) from Australia, United States, United Kingdom and Canada, split into a development set (N = 589) and a validation dataset (N = 214); and 2) a university sample (N = 408) from Australia. Item response theory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to select eight items to form the GADIT. Validity was established by regressing the GADIT against known correlates of Gaming Disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Confirmatory factor analyses of the GADIT showed good model fit (RMSEA=<0.001-0.108; CFI = 0.98-1.00), and internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alphas = 0.77-0.92). GADIT scores were strongly associated with the Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10), and significantly associated with gaming intensity, eye fatigue, hand pain, wrist pain, back or neck pain, and excessive in-game purchases, in both the validation and the university sample datasets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GADIT has strong psychometric properties in two independent samples from four English-speaking countries collected through different channels, and shown validity against existing scales and variables that are associated with Gaming Disorder. A cut-off of 5 is tentatively recommended for screening for Gaming Disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":15049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions","volume":" ","pages":"729-741"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}