Journal of Applied Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Carvacrol thymol formulation: bactericidal activity without detectable early resistance induction in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.","authors":"Iêda M M Paino, Jennifer M Soares, Danielly C A M Mota, Lucca R Paulino, Leticia Martinelli, Bruna C Correa, Kate C Blanco, Vanderlei S Bagnato","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag219","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The emergence of antimicrobial resistance requires alternative antimicrobial strategies capable of controlling bacterial growth while minimizing the risk of resistance selection. This study aimed to evaluate whether combinations of natural bioactive compounds, particularly carvacrol and thymol, could provide bactericidal activity without detectable early resistance induction under short-term experimental conditions, while maintaining fibroblast biocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Phenolic monoterpenes, carvacrol and thymol, the aromatic aldehyde trans-cinnamaldehyde, t-CNM, and the phenylpropanoid eugenol were evaluated individually and in binary combinations against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 reference strains. Checkerboard assays identified carvacrol-thymol as the most consistent synergistic combination, reducing the concentrations required for bacterial inhibition. Based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration determinations, this combination showed bactericidal activity at reduced concentrations compared with the individual compounds. Under 96 h subinhibitory exposure, the carvacrol thymol combination did not produce a detectable progressive increase in MIC values in the tested strains. In sequential exposure assays using E. coli, susceptibility to carvacrol and thymol was maintained after subsequent ciprofloxacin exposure, as indicated by stable or reduced MIC values. Cytotoxicity assays using human dermal fibroblasts indicated that the effective carvacrol-thymol concentrations preserved cell viability under the tested conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that carvacrol-thymol synergy provides bactericidal activity without detectable early resistance induction in the short-term exposure model used here. Although further studies using clinical and multidrug-resistant isolates, longer serial passaging, and mechanistic assays are required, the results support the potential of natural bioactive combinations as candidates for alternative antimicrobial strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of immobilized hydrogen on pathogenic oral bacteria.","authors":"Kanta Sato, Minato Akizuki, Raras Ajeng Enggardipta, Rie Kido, Yuji Inagaki, Tomoko Sumitomo, Keiki Nambu, Hiromichi Yumoto","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag209","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Hydrogen, a colorless and odorless gas, possesses various physiological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-apoptotic effects. Clinical applications of hydrogen have been investigated in the medical field. However, few studies have focused on hydrogen use in dentistry and its clinical applications have not yet progressed. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacies of hydrogen-loaded coral calcium carbonate powder (immobilized hydrogen) against pathogenic oral bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Three immobilized hydrogen suspensions (TU-A, -B, and -C) and three pathogenic oral bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis) were used. The direct and indirect antibacterial effects of immobilized hydrogen were evaluated by counting the colony-forming units. The biofilm-related gene expression levels in E. faecalis were analyzed using real-time RT-PCR. The antibacterial activity of the bacteria in the biofilm was observed under a fluorescence microscope after live/dead staining. All immobilized hydrogen suspensions significantly reduced the survival rates of the three oral bacteria, significantly increased the proportion of dead bacteria in the biofilm, and significantly decreased the biofilm-related gene expression levels in E. faecalis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the potential of immobilized hydrogen as a novel antibacterial material, owing to its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against pathogenic oral bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148828615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Prevalence, genetic diversity, antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from urban environments.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"137 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of Bacillus stratosphericus K as a sustainable probiotic for biocontrol of Edwardsiella ictaluri in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco aquaculture.","authors":"Bingchun Jin, Fangbo Yu","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag216","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, is a major aquaculture species in China, but its intensive farming is threatened by bacterial diseases, particularly those caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri. The overuse of antibiotics to control these infections has led to concerns about resistance and environmental safety. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel antagonistic bacterial strain as a potential probiotic for sustainable disease management in P. fulvidraco aquaculture.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In this study, a novel antagonistic bacterial strain, designated K, was isolated from soil samples collected on the East Lake Campus of Zhejiang A & F University. Through a polyphasic taxonomic approach, including morphological observation, physiological and biochemical assays, and 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic analysis, strain K was identified as Bacillus stratosphericus. The strain exhibited significant antagonistic activity against E. ictaluri, Citrobacter freundii, and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. Optimal growth was observed at pH 6.4, 28°C, and 1.2% NaCl, indicating good adaptation to typical aquaculture conditions. Moreover, the strain showed broad susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics, supporting its potential safety as a probiotic candidate. Antagonistic substances extracted from the culture supernatant remained stable under various pH and temperature conditions, though their activity was affected by metal ions. In a challenge experiment, immersion in a suspension of B. stratosphericus K significantly enhanced the survival rate of P. fulvidraco following challenge with E. ictaluri.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bacillus stratosphericus K was found to be a promising probiotic candidate with significant protective effects against E. ictaluri infection in P. fulvidraco aquaculture, highlighting its potential for sustainable disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii on chronic alcoholic liver injury and associated alterations in gut microbiota and host phenotypes in mice.","authors":"Rui Guo, Tao Zhang, Fangfang Li","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag208","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag208","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex disorder with limited effective interventions; gut dysbiosis plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , a core commensal of the healthy human gut, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties and supports intestinal barrier integrity; however, its role in ALD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii against chronic alcoholic liver injury and to explore associated host and microbial alterations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Chronic ALD was induced in C57BL/6 J mice using the Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet for 6 weeks, with daily oral gavage of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (1 × 10⁹ CFU mL-1). Serum and hepatic biochemical parameters, inflammatory cytokines, and ethanol-metabolizing enzyme activities were assessed. Liver and colon histopathology were evaluated by H&E staining. Intestinal barrier integrity was examined by immunofluorescence staining of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). Gut microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and host-microbe interactions were explored through correlation network analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Faecalibacterium prausnitzii administration was associated with significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, and total bile acids, as well as hepatic ALT, TC, LDL, and AKP, and increased HDL. It was also associated with attenuated hepatic steatosis and colonic barrier damage, lowered serum LPS, and upregulated colonic ZO-1 and occludin expression. Furthermore, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was associated with suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in both liver and serum, increased anti-inflammatory IL-10, elevated activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and increased, though to a lesser extent, activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii administration was associated with partial counteraction of ethanol-induced dysbiosis, characterized by reduced expansion of Verrucomicrobiota (notably Akkermansia) and Monoglobus, and enrichment of butyrate-producing genera such as Bifidobacterium, Faecalibaculum, and Lactobacillus. PICRUSt2 functional prediction suggested enrichment in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism pathways. Correlation network analysis suggested that Akkermansia and Monoglobus were positively associated with liver injury, inflammation, and barrier disruption, whereas Faecalibaculum showed strong positive correlations with ADH/ALDH activity, intestinal barrier integrity, and metabolic homeostasis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings suggest that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii administration is associated with improvements in liver injury, inflammatory status, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbial composition in a preventive ALD model. These observations support the potential of Faecalibacte","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Entomopathogenic Fungi and Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae against Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae).","authors":"Thiago Souza Bulhões, Paula Leite Dos Santos, Bruno Felipe Prado de Melo, Vanessa Rafaela de Carvalho, Bianca Cristina Costa Gêa, Maria Márcia Pereira Sartori, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Carlos Frederico Wilcken","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag236","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To address the severe defoliation caused by the invasive bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae), this study investigated the mass production potential of three entomopathogenic fungal (EPF) strains and the specific biocontrol efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae against this pest.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Initially, Cordyceps javanica (LCBPF 11), M. anisopliae (LCBPF 31), and Beauveria bassiana (LCBPF 46) produced > 1 × 10⁹ conidia g⁻¹ in solid-state fermentation. To scale production, liquid culture was selected for C. javanica and M. anisopliae using industrial by-products (corn flour and molasses), while M. anisopliae was further compared in a rice flour-dextrose-yeast extract (M1) medium. Fitness assays revealed that while M. anisopliae blastospores (M1) were more heat-susceptible at 45°C (LT50 0.182 h) than aerial conidia (LT50 1.621 h), survival analysis of bioassays against T. peregrinus adults revealed highly significant differences among treatments. Remarkably, all M. anisopliae propagules achieved 100% mortality within 5 days, with blastospores produced in M1 medium reaching an LT50 of only 1.81 days. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazards modeling confirmed that these optimized blastospores (M1) presented a mortality risk 2.51 times higher than the commercial standard Metarril® based on aerial conidia (Hazard Ratio = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.90-3.31).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of M. anisopliae blastospores successfully infecting T. peregrinus. Taken altogether, these findings demonstrate the technical feasibility and significant potential of these rapid-acting infective propagules for the management of this forest pest.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing cumate-inducible gene expression systems for application in Pseudomonas putida KT2440.","authors":"Chun-Li Liu, Xinyi Di, Shuhao Niu, Yankun Yang, Xiuxia Liu, Zhonghu Bai","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxag105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Pseudomonas putida KT2440 possesses a versatile metabolic network and broad substrate utilization capacity, making it as an attractive chassis for synthetic biology applications. However, the limited availability of efficient gene expression tools for precise metabolic regulation has constrained its engineering potential. To address this limitation, we developed two novel cumate-inducible expression systems.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In this study, we developed two novel cumate-inducible expression systems by engineering distinct cumate-responsive operators, CuO1 and CuO2, respectively derived from the cym and cmt operons in P. putida KT2440. We assessed the expression strength of the constructed systems and optimized inducer concentrations using eGFP fluorescence intensity as a reporter. Through systematic promoter optimization, operator architecture optimization, and quantitative benchmarking, we achieved substantial improvements in system performance. Finally, we applied the optimized system to bio-transform limonene into perillyl alcohol via a heterologous cytochrome P450 to achieve an increase in the production.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cumate-inducible expression system R2CuO1 demonstrated superior gene expression strength than the IPTG-inducible system Ilac. We successfully implemented our optimized cumate-responsive platform for perillyl alcohol bio-production from limonene, achieving a titer of 40.93 mg·L⁻¹, 2.1 times higher than that of the conventional lac expression system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":"137 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking escape frequency benchmarks for environmental applications of engineered microorganisms.","authors":"Sonia Mecacci, Vitor A P Martins Dos Santos, Enrique Asin-Garcia","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag227","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological containment strategies are widely used to reduce possible risks associated with genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs). In the biosafety literature, the performance of these systems is often benchmarked against a maximum escape frequency of one cell per 108 cells. This value is commonly attributed to the USA National Institutes of Health Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA. However, the guideline refers specifically to laboratory certification of certain host-vector systems and does not define an acceptable escape frequency for applications outside controlled laboratory environments. Despite this limited scope, the 10-8 criterion has been repeatedly cited in research articles and reviews as a general biosafety standard for GMMs. At the same time, quantitative data on escape frequency and survival of genetically modified microorganisms under realistic environmental conditions remain scarce. This lack of empirical evidence complicates environmental risk assessment and can hinder regulatory approval and technology transfer for applications intended to operate beyond the laboratory. Here, we clarify the origin and scope of the 10-8 escape criterion and discuss why it should not be interpreted as a universal biosafety standard. We argue that experimentally validated measurements of escape and survival under application-relevant conditions are urgently needed to support evidence-based biosafety assessment and the responsible development and deployment of GMMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial potential and polyphasic taxonomy of Streptomyces isolates from extreme habitats.","authors":"Dilara Hande Barlık, Erdal Öğün","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag241","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Within the scope of combating global antibacterial resistance, this study aimed to evaluate the biotechnological and antibacterial potentials of Streptomyces isolates retrieved from two distinct extreme habitats in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye through polyphasic characterization and secondary metabolite production optimization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Soil physicochemical properties from extreme habitats were determined using potentiometric and conductometric methods, and Streptomyces isolates were retrieved via selective plating techniques. Following primary antibacterial screening using the cross-streak method, selected isolates underwent morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterization based on 16S rRNA, rpoB, and recA gene sequencing. Furthermore, the production of antibacterial metabolites by selected isolates was carried out by optimizing fermentation conditions to determine the most suitable culture media and cultivation periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the isolates, 14.7% exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Polyphasic characterization identified three strategic isolates as Streptomyces rochei (BH011), Streptomyces bikiniensis (BH022), and Streptomyces inhibens (BH034), while BH006 and BH026 showed high phylogenetic similarity to Streptomyces ficellus and Streptomyces gobitricini, respectively. Fermentation optimization revealed GYM broth as the ideal medium for BH026, which demonstrated broad-spectrum activity, including a 25 mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli. Conversely, isolate BH022 exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial activity upon co-culture induction with Staphylococcus aureus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that extreme environments in Türkiye represent significant hotspots for the identification potential biotechnological microbial sources. The enhancement of antibacterial activity through nutritional optimization and interspecies competition highlights the potential of these extreme-habitat isolates for further bioprospecting of bioactive secondary metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary detection of respiratory pathogens and antimicrobial-resistance markers by multiplex PCR alongside culture in a High-AMR Egyptian cohort.","authors":"Yasmin Adel Elmahdy, Atef S Elgebaly, Menna Al-Adl, Heba A Elsayed, Mohamed E A Mostafa, Marwa M Khalifa, Ahmed A Hmed, Ahmed R Sofy, Afaf Eladl","doi":"10.1093/jambio/lxag223","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jambio/lxag223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Lower respiratory tract infections frequently involve polymicrobial disease and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, yet conventional culture may provide an incomplete and delayed microbiological picture. This study evaluated the complementary contribution of multiplex molecular testing and conventional culture in a high-AMR cohort in Egypt.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 133 specimens collected at Souad Kafafi University Hospital, Egypt, during 2022-2023: 98 sputum records tested using the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Plus Panel and conventional culture with VITEK 2 susceptibility testing, and 35 blood-culture records evaluated using routine culture and BCID2 Panel. Paired molecular and culture results, descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Among 133 specimen records, at least one pathogen was recorded at 58.6% (single-organism detection, 26.3%; mixed detection, 32.3%). Gram-negative bacteria predominated among organism-category detections (47.1%), followed by viruses (27.5%) and Gram-positive bacteria (25.5%). At least one AMR marker was detected in 51 records (38.3%), with blaCTX-M and blaNDM being the most frequent (each 27.8%). Among 98 paired sputum specimens, BioFire detected at least one target in 71.4%, compared with 51.0% by culture; the specimen-level PPA for any-target detection was 84.0%. Any degree of organism-level bacterial agreement was observed in 41.8%, while 58.2% showed complete discordance. Among 72 AMR-marker-positive observations with a matched cultured isolate and relevant susceptibility result, 64 demonstrated expected resistant phenotype (88.9% positive agreement). Both carbapenemases and Gram-negative detection were independently associated with phenotypic resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integration of multiplex PCR and conventional culture expanded pathogen detection and provided valuable AMR profiling in resource-limited, high-resistance settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15036,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}