Journal of animal science最新文献

{"title":"PSVIII-14 An investigation of relationship between self-reported measures of skill and occupational injuries.","authors":"Morgan Marquardt, Ruth Woiwode","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.385","url":null,"abstract":"Working with cattle is dangerous; the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports fatal injuries for animal agriculture workers in 2019 was 22.2 per 100,000 full-time workers, while the rate for all private sectors was 3.8 per 100,000. Occupational injuries sustained while working with cattle may result in hospitalization, time away from work, disability, and death. Skill level is likely a contributing factor for risk of occupational injuries sustained while working with cattle. Highly skilled handlers may understand critical principles of cattle behavior and handling practices associated with safer cattle handling. There is not a published method for objective assessment of skill. Years of experience (YOE) working with cattle is a common metric for describing eligibility for employment working with cattle. This metric is based on the assumption that more time spent employed as a livestock worker results in an inevitable increase in skill. To better understand the implications of such assumptions, and factors associated with occupational injury, investigators collected survey data and assessed objective criteria for 20 participants. Demographic information, including YOE, self-rating, and injury history were obtained from all participants. An expert evaluated participants during 10 predetermined cattle handling tasks and scored their performance. Independently assigned scores were compared to self-rating of expertise and injury history for each participant. All participants reported five or more years of experience working with cattle and rated their expertise between 2-4 on a 5-point scale, where 1 denoted beginner and 5 denoted expert. For participants who reported similar YOE, injury history varied. Male participants with a self-rating of 2 or 3 reported no prior injuries sustained while working with cattle, but 100% with a self-rating of 4 reported prior injuries. For female participants with a self-rating of 4, 50% reported prior injuries sustained working with cattle. When compared with female participants, a greater percentage of male participants (80% vs. 40%) reported prior injuries sustained working with cattle. In this study, self-reported measures did not agree with independently scored skill level, and may not be reliable for reporting eligibility for employment.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVII-2 Effect of vitamin A administration in pregnant cows or newborn calves on beef quality and skeletal muscle gene expression.","authors":"Marcio M Ladeira, Sara Laura, Jose Maria Oliveira, Tathyane R S Gionbelli, Artur Horta, Marcela M Souza, Paloma Souza","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.621","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Vitamin A (VA) injection on beef quality and skeletal muscle gene expression related with myogenesis, lipogenesis and angiogenesis of Nellore × Angus crossbred steers and heifers. Fifty-two pregnant Nellore cows, with an average initial body weight of 438 ± 48.9 kg were allocated to a randomized block design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (3 treatments and 2 sexes of progeny). Cows were assigned to one of three treatments at 250 d of gestation: no VA injection (CON: 18 cows); VA injection in pregnant cows at 250 d of gestation (VAcow; 2,000,000 IU, 17 cows) and VA injection in newborn calves at birth and 60 d of age (VAcalf; 200,000 IU each dose, 17 cows). After weaning, the offspring were allotted into pens and feedlot finished for 207 d, steers and heifers were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Longissimus muscle samples were collected for gene expression analysis and meat quality assessment at 14 d of aging. Gene expressions were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 with fixed effects of VA injection, sex, and VA injection*sex interaction. The random effects were animal, AI group, and cow parity. There was no effect of VA on pH, cook lost, shear force and color index (L*, a*) (P > 0.10). However, muscle b* index was greater (P = 0.04) in VAcalf than all treatments. The expression of CPT2, DKL1, and ZNF423 genes were downregulated (P < 0.05) in VAcow compared to CON and VAcalf animals (Table 1). Meanwhile, the RXRA gene was less expressed (P = 0.05) in both VAcow and VAcalf animals. Regarding progeny sex, the expression of PPARG, CPT2, ACOX, GHR, MYH1, MYH2 genes were higher (P < 0.05) and MYH7 tended to be higher (P = 0.08) in females. However, PAX7 gene was higher (P = 0.05) in males. There was a treatment × sex interaction for the expression of ACACA (P = 0.05) and RXRG (P = 0.01) genes. For ACACA, VAcalf was less expressed in males but similar to the Control and VAcow in females, whereas in females, VAcalf was numerically the highest. For RXRG, VAcow was less expressed in males, while the Control showed the highest expression (0.11 vs. 1.00), with the latter also being the highest in females (0.77). Therefore, its concluded that the application of VA in pregnant cows or newborn calves does not affect color and shear force, and can alters the expression of myogenic and lipogenic genes, demonstrating that this vitamin has a long-term epigenetic effect on the offspring, whether its application occurs during the gestational phase or in the neonatal phase.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"138 Placental insufficiency induced fetal and skeletal muscle growth restriction in fetal sheep.","authors":"Weicheng Zhao, Mariangel Varela, Daniel B Chrisenberry, Rosa Icela Luna Ramirez, Laura D Brown, Sean W Limesand","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.195","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Methods: Placental insufficiency (PI) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) increases perinatal mortality and reduces postnatal productivity in livestock. Skeletal muscle constitutes a large proportion of tissue mass in the fetus, which is significantly reduced in the FGR fetus. This study investigates the effects of PI-FGR on musculoskeletal growth in sheep fetuses. Placental insufficiency and FGR (n = 8) was induced in pregnant ewes exposed to heat stress (35 to 40°C; RH 30-40%) between 40 and 95 days of gestation (term: 149 days). Control fetuses (n = 9) were from ewes maintained in thermoneutral conditions (20°C; RH 15-25%). At d120 ± 1, fetal surgeries were performed to place indwelling catheters for blood sampling. At d133 ± 1, umbilical blood flow was assessed before the fetuse was euthanized. Fetal hindlimb muscle satellite cells were isolated, and proliferation rates were assessed both in vivo and in vitro. Results: FGR fetuses had lower plasma glucose, insulin, IGF-1, and blood oxygen content (all P < 0.01). Absolute umbilical blood flow was lower in FGR fetuses (355 ± 41 vs. 619 ± 61 ml/min, P < 0.01), but weight-normalized blood flow was not different between groups. Both fetal weight (2118 ± 243 vs. 3423 ± 229 g) and placental weight (219 ± 41 vs. 426 ± 38 g) were lower (P < 0.01) in FGR fetuses. FGR fetuses exhibited higher brain-to-fetal (1.57 ± 0.06 vs. 1.34 ± 0.06, P = 0.01) and brain-to-liver weight ratios (0.85 ± 0.07 vs. 0.50 ± 0.06, P < 0.01), indicating brain sparing and asymmetrical growth. Hindlimb average muscle mass was reduced in FGR fetuses, including the biceps femoris (11.8 ± 2.2 vs. 18.4 ± 2.0 g, P = 0.04), semitendinosus (3.8 ± 0.7 vs. 6.3 ± 0.6 g, P = 0.01), gastrocnemius (7.7 ± 1.0 vs. 12.6 ± 1.0 g, P < 0.01), and tibialis anterior (3.4 ± 0.5 vs. 5.6 ± 0.5 g, P < 0.01). Muscle weights correlated (P < 0.01) with placental or fetal weights. In vivo, satellite cells proliferation rates were lower in FGR hindlimb muscle (3.8 ± 0.5 vs. 8.2 ± 1.5 %, P < 0.01). However, FGR isolated myoblasts had higher proliferation rates when cultured in nutrient enriched growth media (52 ± 0.5 vs. 48 ± 1.0 %, P < 0.01). Conclusion: FGR fetuses exhibited hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and reduced anabolic hormone concentrations, contributing to reduced hindlimb muscle mass. The contrast between lower satellite cell proliferation in vivo and increased proliferation in vitro under nutrient-enriched conditions suggests that nutrient deficiency and hypoxic stress are primary inhibitors of muscle cell growth in FGR fetal muscle. These results indicate that targeted nutrient or hormonal interventions may help restore muscle growth potential in FGR fetuses.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSIV-13 Influence of gossypol from cottonseed oil on semen quality in domestic boars as a model for feral hog control.","authors":"Zoe A Turner, Jordan S Crawford, Carson R Hopkins, Scott M Pelitire, K T Klasson, Tsung Cheng Cheng Tsai, Charles V Maxwell, Brittni P Littlejohn","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.506","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to determine the influence of gossypol-containing cottonseed oil supplemented to domestic boars on semen quality parameters as a model for feral hog population control. Sexually mature boars (n = 18) were stratified into 4 treatment groups that were supplemented with cottonseed oil containing varying concentrations of gossypol: 0 mg/kg of body weight (0G), 4 mg/kg of body weight (4G), 8 mg/kg of body weight (8G), or 12 mg/kg of body weight (12G). Oil for each treatment was prepared by mixing gossypol-free cottonseed oil (Riceland Foods, Inc.; Stuttgart, AR) and gossypol-containing cottonseed oil with known concentrations. Treatments were administered for a 42-day period, followed by a 70-day recovery period during which all boars were fed a diet without cottonseed oil. Semen was collected every two weeks during both the treatment and recovery period. Sperm motility, sperm progressive motility, concentration of sperm cells per mL of semen, semen weight, semen volume, and body weight were evaluated. Percent motility and progressive motility were affected by treatment (P < 0.01), time (P < 0.01), and a treatment by time interaction (P < 0.01). Specifically, percent motility and progressive motility decreased in the 4G, 8G, and 12G treatment groups by day 42 of the treatment period and returned to similar percentages as the 0G treatment by day 70 of the recovery period. Concentration was affected by time (P = 0.01) and treatment (P = 0.02), with decreased concentration in the 8G treatment relative to the 0G treatment. There was no treatment by time interaction for concentration (P = 0.93). There was an effect of time (P < 0.01) and a treatment by time interaction (P = 0.02) for body weight, with boars in the 12G treatment gaining less weight over time relative to the 0G, 4G, and 8G treatments. Decreased body weights in the 12G treatment was likely due to decreased intake as a result of palatability issues associated with the high concentration of gossypol fed to this group. There was no effect of treatment (P = 0.28) on body weight. There was no effect of treatment, time, or the treatment by time interaction on semen weight (P > 0.05). There were slight fluctuations in semen volume over time (P = 0.05), but no effect of treatment (P = 0.27) or a treatment by time interaction (P = 0.44). Preliminary results of decreased sperm motility, progressive motility, and concentration in boars supplemented with gossypol-containing cottonseed oil support the potential for gossypol-containing cottonseed oil to be used as a contraceptive in feral hogs","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"260 Investigating the impacts of poor maternal nutrition on ewe lamb reproductive capacity.","authors":"Julianna Messina, Rachael M Stucke, Ryne D Haggard, Ellen Roberts, Alexandria P Snider, Terry E Engle, Caitlin N Cadaret","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.285","url":null,"abstract":"Extensively managed ewes are often grazed through winter, which coincides with gestation and producers often supplement ewes at the end when nutrient demands are the highest, to support maternal maintenance and fetal growth. However, it is likely that as range decreases in quantity and quality across winter months, ewes experience nutrient challenge prior to this traditional supplementation period. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the impact of maternal nutrient challenge during gestation on indicators of reproductive capacity in ewe lamb offspring. At 30 days of gestation (dGA), pregnant ewes were blocked by bodyweight and assigned a diet based on National Research Council (NRC) requirements, that either met all nutritional requirements for gestation or a diet that simulates winter forage, meeting approximately 50% of protein and ~70% of total digestible nutrient (TDN) requirements, to create CON (n =18) and NC (n=12) lambs, respectively. Beginning at 6 mo of life, ewe lambs were bled bi-weekly and plasma was isolated. Plasma progesterone concentration were quantified by ELISA and used to determine puberty attainment. Puberty was considered attained when progesterone concentration exceeded 1 ng/ml in for two cyclic patterns. After puberty attainment, lambs were harvested, and reproductive weights and tissues were collected for histology and transcript analysis. There were no differences final live weight, hot carcass weight, or gross weight of reproductive organs at harvest. Preliminary follicle classifications did not differ, however, there was a numerical increase in the primordial and total follicle populations of NC lambs compared to CON. Relative transcript abundance of Erα tended (P < 0.10) to be increased and Erβ was increased (P < 0.05) in NC lambs compared to controls, while PCNA and AMHr did not differ. Conversely, protein expression of Erα and Erβ was decreased (P < 0.05) in NC lambs compared to CON lambs. Despite an increase in gene expression, there is a decrease in protein synthesis suggesting an issue with the translation of mRNA into protein. The selected gene code for synthesis of receptors for hormones that regulate folliculogenesis and reduced receptor presence could precede between animal variation in reproductive capacity. Our preliminary findings suggests that if range ewes experience nutrient challenge earlier than the traditional supplementation period, offspring ewe lambs may have impaired fertility.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"245 Safety, gastrointestinal tolerance, and digestibility of brewed chicken protein in healthy adult dogs.","authors":"Meredith Smola, Kelly S S Swanson, Patrícia M Oba, Tomas Belloso, Julio Mioto, Pernilla Audibert","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.121","url":null,"abstract":"As human and pet populations continue to increase globally, sustainable agricultural practices will be needed to meet the demands. In addition to efficiently increasing overall food supply, the production of high-quality proteins is extremely important. Producing sufficient amounts of traditional animal proteins is and will continue to be a challenge. Alternative protein sources may provide economic and ecological relief, but adequate testing is necessary to confirm safety and evaluate nutritional value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, gastrointestinal tolerance, and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of brewed chicken protein (BCP; Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing a chicken protein). Thirty-two healthy adult beagle dogs (20 spayed females; 12 neutered males; BW: 9.68±1.18 kg; age: 4.16±1.85 yr) were used in a completely randomized design (n=8/treatment). After a 2-wk acclimation phase, baseline measurements were collected and then dogs were allotted to the following treatments and fed for 26 wk: control diet based on chicken by-product meal and brewers rice (0% BCP; Control), 15% BCP (Low), 30% BCP (Medium), or 40% BCP (High). All data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4, with P< 0.05 being significant and trends accepted at P< 0.10. The consumption of BCP did not affect BW, body condition score, physical examination parameters, food intake, serum chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis parameters, with the majority of metabolites being within the reference ranges for adult dogs. The ATTD of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein were greater (P < 0.05) for the High diet, while the ATTD of fat was greater (P < 0.05) for the Control diet than the Medium and High diets. Fecal output was lower (P < 0.0001) and fecal dry matter was lower (P < 0.001) for dogs fed the High diet. Fecal metabolites were altered by treatment, with acetate concentrations being lower (P < 0.05) and propionate concentrations tending to be higher (P=0.06) in dogs fed BCP. Fecal isobutyrate, isovalerate, indole, total phenol and indole, and ammonia concentrations were lower (P < 0.001) and fecal valerate concentrations were higher (P < 0.0001) in dogs fed BCP. Fecal bacterial alpha diversity was lower (P < 0.05) in dogs fed BCP. Fecal bacterial beta diversity was also affected by treatment, with those fed Control being different than those fed BCP. The relative abundance of over 20 fecal bacterial genera were affected by BCP consumption. Overall, these results indicate that the BCP ingredient tested is safe for use in adult dog foods at an inclusion level of up to 40%. While there were treatment differences noted, all data were within ranges expected in healthy adult dogs. No detrimental effects were observed, and interesting changes to nutrient digestibility and fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota populations suggest pote","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"205 Artificial intelligence and the internet of things: responsible and sustainable intensification of livestock production.","authors":"Robin R White","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.302","url":null,"abstract":"This review compares and synergizes frameworks used in diverse disciplines to work toward responsible: artificial intelligence (AI); application of the Internet of Things (IoT); and sustainable intensification of livestock production. Although responsible AI is often called for as a key foundation of AI advancement, there is not yet a gold standard framework for responsible AI. Key principles applied across proposed frameworks include: transparency, fairness, accountability, and stakeholder integration. Many frameworks strongly advocate the need to apply these principles across the development, deployment, and use of AI tools. Responsible IoT, comparatively, is not widely discussed within the literature; however, several frameworks are proposed that contribute to responsible data management or network usage which are relevant within IoT systems. The FAIR data principles (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) are a widely used framework that is critical to data use within IoT systems; however, these principles do not extent to other elements of IoT systems. Trust-based frameworks, standardized integration methods, and interoperable platforms are additional examples of frameworks contributing to broader IoT responsibility. Frameworks for responsible sustainable intensification, similarly, are often diversely defined, with emphasis on implementation-oriented outcomes, and integrating a broad-basis of indicators and sustainable practises. Across these domain spaces, responsibility frameworks have emphasis on end-user integration, transparency and accuracy, with themes around fairness and equity. We apply these framework principles to evaluate emerging example uses of AI and IoT in sustainability domains for livestock production systems, including precision livestock farming (PLF), and measurement, modeling, reporting, and verification (MMRV) for environmental service markets. In the case of PLF, many systems are based on input from end-users; however, holistic incorporation of end-users into diverse aspects of system design is often limited. Transparency is often identified as a limitation of PLF technologies, sometimes due to communication issues, and sometimes due to challenges in technology development. Similarly, fairness and equity can be challenges because many PLF technologies focus on replacing human labor. Accuracy is often the major focus of research focused on PLF technologies, with other aspects presumed to be secondary considerations during development. Conversely, transparency is often the major focus of MMRV systems, with accuracy being a secondary consideration. Stakeholder integration and considerations for fairness and equity are treated differently through MMRV systems, with some having high integration, and others being developed without stakeholder consideration. These examples of early integration of AI and IoT technologies toward sustainability objectives can help inform future efforts focused on novel ","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"290 Impact of altering maternal gut microbiome via high-forage or high-concentrate diets on offspring microbiome development, methane emissions and animal performance in cattle.","authors":"Samat Amat, Godson Aryee, Justine Kilama, Kell Helmuth, Brooklyn M Kuzel, Christy Finck, Devin B Holman, Sarah Underdahl, Joel S Caton, Kevin K K Sedivec, Kendall C Swanson, Carl Robertson Dahlen","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.161","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal gut microbiome has been shown to influence immune, metabolic and neurodevelopmental programming of offspring from the embryonic stage, suggesting a potential role in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Whereas many still support the “sterile-womb hypothesis” that the neonatal microbiome acquisition occurs only during and after birth, very recent studies have provided evidence showing the existence of in utero microbial colonization. Thus, these recent developments in the field of microbiome research of human and vertebrate animals including bovine animals highlight that the maternal gut microbiome during pregnancy should be targeted for harnessing their extended impact on the offspring’s development and health. In this presentation, we will discuss the potential involvement of maternal microbiome and feto-maternal microbial crosstalk in fetal programming, and offspring calf’s health and development. In addition, we will discuss the results from our recently conducted longitudinal study focused on the evaluation of the impact of altering maternal microbiota via high forage or high concentrate diets on offspring microbiome development, energy balance, methane emissions and feedlot performance in beef cattle. For this, 120 beef heifers were assigned to one of two treatments and received a diet based on 75% forage (HF) or 75% concentrate (HC) from 15 days pre-breeding through calving. Heifers were bred using male-sexed semen and fed to target a gain of 0.45kg/d for both groups. Ruminal fluid, fecal and vaginal swabs were collected from both HF (n = 24) and HC (n =22) heifers on pre-breeding (-30, -2), post-breeding (56, 91, 180, and 238 days of gestation) and at calving. Calves born from these heifers were monitored for their animal performance, feed efficiency, gut microbiome development and enteric methane emission (in vitro and in vivo). Body weight measurements, ruminal fluid and fecal samples were collected from the calves at 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 160, 240, 330 and 340 days old. The 16S rNRA gene sequencing was performed on the dam and calf’s microbiome samples. An in-vitro fermentation assay was performed on the ruminal fluid samples from heifers and their calves for methane and VFA analyses. During finishing stage, a subset of calves born from HF and HC dams (n = 10 each group) were evaluated to examine effects on energy metabolism, nutrient balance and enteric methane emission (using headbox) output between the HF and HC offspring because of the HF or HC diet their dams received during fetal development. The results from this study provide novel insights into the impact of altered maternal gut microbiome during pregnancy on the postnatal animal performance, feed efficiency, microbiome development and enteric methane emission phenotype in cattle.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSIX-29 Impact of the use of a blend based on organic minerals and yeasts and road transport for 48 hours on the intake of Nellore cattle fed with forage.","authors":"José Maria Cesar Neto, Mateus J I Abreu, Gabriel Santos Souza David, Luciana Melo Sousa, Bianca Rodrigues Domingos, Luiz Fernando Costa e Silva, Gustavo Henrique Maciel Henrique Maciel Bisio, Flávio D Resende, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf300.684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf300.684","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate how supplementation with a blend of live yeast, organic Cr and Se, and 48-hour road transportation would affect the intake of forage-fed Nellore steers. Nineteen rumen-cannulated, castrated Nellore steers (body weight (BW) = 400 kg ± 35 kg; age = 20 months) were blocked by BW and allocated to individual pens in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement to investigate the combination of the following factors: 1) animals receiving supplementation containing organic Cr and Se and live yeast (ORG+YT; BEEF SAAC+, Alltech) or containing inorganic Se without added yeast (ING, inorganic source); 2) animals transported for 48 hours (TRANS) or animals not transported and fed regularly (NOTRANS). The 65 days of study were divided into: (1) consumption measurement to be used as an independent covariate from -30d to -22d, (2) adaptation phase from -21d to -1d and (3) evaluation period from 2d to 33d. From 0d to 2d, half of the animals were subjected to road transport for 48 hours. Nutrient intake (OM, CP, NDF and ADF) were evaluated from days 3d to 5d, 11d to 13d and 31d to 33d. Dry matter intake (DMI) measured throughout the evaluation period was grouped obtaining an average value every four days of evaluation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using PROC MIXED, SAS 9.4. All variables were analyzed as repeated measures over time using REPEATED procedure of SAS. All intake variables were analyzed using intake measured between -30d and -22d as an independent covariate. Forage intake (6.81 kg/day), supplement intake (0.221 kg/day), as well as OM (6.33 kg/day), CP (0.546 kg/day), NDF (4.61 kg/day) and ADF (1.74 kg/day) were not affected by the treatments studied (P >0.187). Interaction between period x transportation was detected (P = 0.018) for DMI. Lower DMI was detected for TRANS during the initial days of refeeding (2d to 5d; 5.76 kg/day vs. 6.23 kg/day/ P=0.075) in relation to NOTRANS. Interaction between mineral source and period was detected (P=0.022). Animals receiving ORG+YT showed higher DMI on the intermediate (10d to 13d; 7.20 kg/day vs. 6.70 kg/day; P=0.058) and final experimental days (26d to 33d; 7.74 kg/day vs. 7.18 kg/day; P=0.071). In conclusion, the transportation time imposed in this study results in a reduction in DMI during the initial days of refeeding, however, supplementation with ORG+YT promotes an increase in DMI in medium and long term.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota diversity and association with performance phenotypes in beef bulls.","authors":"Liz J Fuentes Rojas,Fernando Bussiman,Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso,Gabriel A Colmenarez,Liliane Costa Conteville,Bárbara C Padilha Antonio,Henrique Torres Ventura,Juliana Jorge Paschoal,Daniela Lourenco,Luciana Correia De Almeida Regitano","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf340","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDFeed efficiency, nutrient utilization, and methane emission are highly dependent on the gastrointestinal microbiota, implying an influence of these microorganisms on economically important traits (e.g., carcass traits and meat quality). The interaction between microbial composition, diet, and host performance suggests that microbiota-targeted strategies may increase production in livestock animals. However, little is known about this interaction in beef cattle. We aimed to characterize the gastrointestinal microbiota and identify taxa associated with performance phenotypes in Nellore bulls.RESULTSWe identified 1,268 bacterial and 75 archaeal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). For both bacteria and archaea, alpha diversity showed significant within-year variation. No statistical differences were found for the Shannon index for bacteria in 2019 versus 2021 or archaea in 2019-2020 and 2021-2022. Except for 2022 (bacteria), no clusters were observed for bacteria or archaea beta diversity across years. Ten different bacteria ASVs were found to affect ribeye area (RA), whereas only five did so for metabolic weight (MW). For archaea, eight ASVs had a significant effect on RA, whereas 15 were found to affect MW. Coefficients of the regression of phenotype on ASV ranged from (± SE, in SD units) -0.40 ± 0.08 (ASV 892, Bacteroidales RF16 spp.) to 0.36 ± 0.11 (ASV 605, Marvinbryantia spp.) for MW, and from -0.72 ± 0.20 (ASV 188, Faecalibacterium spp.) to 0.65 ± 65 (ASV 457, Christensenellaceae R-7 spp.) for RA.CONCLUSIONOur study revealed significant associations between ASV and traits of economic importance in beef cattle, including carcass, feed efficiency, and morphology, indicating that the microbiome influences animal performance. Further research is needed to elucidate the biological mechanisms behind these associations.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}