Journal of animal science最新文献

{"title":"Replacement of soybean meal in diets for growing pigs with corn and synthetic amino acids results in reduced energy and nitrogen digestibility and reduced daily nitrogen retention, but metabolizable energy is not changed.","authors":"Minoy Cristobal,Su A Lee,Carl M Parsons,Hans H Stein","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf197","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to test the hypothesis that feeding intact protein from soybean meal (SBM) to growing pigs instead of a combination of SBM and synthetic amino acids (AA) results in greater nitrogen retention and digestible energy (DE) without affecting metabolizable energy (ME) in the diet. A control corn-SBM diet and three diets, in which the inclusion of SBM was reduced and three, four, or five synthetic AA (i.e., Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, and Val) were added, were formulated. The concentration of standardized ileal digestible indispensable AA was at or above requirements for growing pigs in all diets, but dietary crude protein was reduced as synthetic AA were added. Forty pigs (initial body weight: 20.5 ± 2.4 kg) were allotted to the four diets using a randomized complete block design with two blocks of 20 pigs and five pigs per diet in each block. Pigs were housed in metabolism crates containing fully slatted floors, screens, and urine pans that allowed for quantitative collection of feces and urine for 4 days after 5 days of adaptation. Samples of diets, feces, and urine were analyzed for dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), and nitrogen. The statistical model included diet as fixed effect and block and replicate within block as random effects. Polynomial contrast coefficients were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of reducing dietary protein. Results indicated that apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM was reduced (quadratic, P = 0.027), and ATTD of GE also was reduced (linear, P = 0.046) as SBM inclusion was reduced in diets. Absorbed nitrogen, retained nitrogen (g/day), and ATTD of nitrogen were reduced (linear, P < 0.001) as SBM inclusion decreased, but retention of nitrogen, calculated as percent of intake or percent of absorbed nitrogen, increased (linear, P < 0.001) as dietary SBM was reduced. The DE in diets decreased (linear, P = 0.007) as SBM inclusion was reduced, whereas SBM inclusion had no effect on ME. Reducing SBM inclusion tended to increase (quadratic, P = 0.096) ME to GE ratio and increased (linear, P = 0.008) ME to DE ratio. In conclusion, diets containing intact protein from SBM had greater ATTD of GE and nitrogen, and greater DE, whereas ME was not changed when compared with diets containing synthetic AA. Daily protein retention decreased when synthetic AA rather than SBM were used to furnish the digestible AA in diets.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of high-resolution sperm respirometry for modeling bull fertility.","authors":"Joao D de Agostini Losano,Junxiao Ren,Feng Yue,Bradford W Daigneault","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf209","url":null,"abstract":"Standard semen evaluations routinely used in the cattle industry have limited value for fertility prediction. Sperm kinematic assessment is used as a tool to screen poor quality sperm but cannot accurately discriminate among samples of high and low fertility. High-resolution respirometry assays that capture direct measurements of mitochondrial function may reveal new sperm indices conducive to modeling bull fertility. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy and utility of Oroboros Oxygraph-2k (O2k) for quantifying mitochondrial respiration values of frozen-thawed bull sperm and their relationship to sperm kinematics for estimating fertility in beef-on-dairy artificial insemination programs. Cryopreserved sperm from a total of 8 high and 9 low fertility Angus bulls were resuspended to 20 x 106 sperm/mL under non-capacitating conditions and maintained for 24 hr at ambient temperature. Sperm were simultaneously evaluated for kinematics via the CASA system and bioenergetics with O2k at 0 and 24 hr post-thaw. No significant differences in fertility (high vs low) and fertility x time were detected for any sperm kinematic traits, which were only affected by time at 24 hr. However, a new sperm trait identified by O2k (spare respiratory capacity (SCR)) was greater in high fertility bulls regardless of time (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression using O2k and CASA-derived traits was employed in a fertility model to determine which sperm traits were collectively useful for estimating bull fertility. Four final traits were curated in the model and regressed against a range of fertility (-7.0 - +3.3). The final model included four indices that collectively presented a high relationship with fertility (R2=0.81). These traits included SCR (R2=0.53), progressive motility (R2=0.24), total motility (R2=0.05), and complex-I dependent respiration (R2=0.04). In conclusion, high resolution mitochondrial assessment of frozen-thawed bull sperm reveals new traits that when coupled with sperm kinematic values, provides increased accuracy of fertility estimation that collectively may be useful for adaptation and inclusion with standard semen analyses. These studies reveal the utility of time for identifying differences between high and low fertility bulls and a novel relationship of sperm spare respiratory capacity with fertility.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of reducing dietary crude protein level on the uptake and metabolic utilization of trace minerals in white-feathered broilers.","authors":"Chong Wang,Xiaoran Li,Hai Bai,Guoqing Liu,Lin Lu,Shunying Li,Liyang Zhang,Hongli Liu,Xiudong Liao","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf204","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a low-protein diet containing 19.5% crude protein (CP) on the growth performance, trace mineral contents in tissue and extra, and the activities and mRNA expression of enzymes relating to mineral metabolism in liver of Arbor Acres (AA) broilers. A completely randomized design was adopted in this study. A total of 72 one-day-old AA male broilers were randomly assigned to one of two treatments (6 replicate cages with 6 chicks per cage). The birds were fed the corn-soybean meal diet with 21.5% CP (control) or 19.5% CP for 21 days. Data were analyzed statistically using a T-test in SAS software (version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). The results showed that no differences were observed in average daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, nitrogen retention rate, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents in tibia, Fe, Mn and Zn contents in liver, and Cu and Zn contents in excreta of broilers between the two treatments (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, compared with broilers fed the control diet, broilers fed low-protein diet had lower Zn content in serum, and Cu content, total antioxidant capacity and mRNA expression level of catalase in liver (P < 0.05), but higher Fe and Mn contents in excreta (P < 0.05). The results indicate that lowering dietary CP concentration from 21.5% to 19.5% had no adverse effect on growth performance, but reduced Zn absorption and hepatic antioxidant ability, as well as the metabolic utilization of Cu, Fe and Mn in white-feathered starter broilers.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of butyrate glyceride-based feed ingredient supplementation on weanling pig performance, fecal dry matter, serum chemistry, and intestinal short chain fatty acid concentration.","authors":"Ethan B Stas,Ying Chen,Ross Wolfenden,Jason C Woodworth,Robert D Goodband,Mike D Tokach,Joel M DeRouchey,Jordan T Gebhardt","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf198","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments determined the effects of butyrate-based feed additives on weanling pig performance, fecal dry matter (DM), serum chemistry, and intestinal short chain fatty acids. In Exp. 1, 300 pigs, initially 5.5 kg, were used in a 38-d trial with 5 pigs per pen and 10 replications per dietary treatment fed in three phases. Six dietary treatments consisted of a control that did not contain any carbadox or pharmacological levels of Zn and Cu, four diets that contained butyrate-based feed ingredients added at 0.1% to the control diet in all phases consisting of encapsulated butyrate, monobutyrin, a mono-tributyrin (MTB) blend, and tributyrin (Eastman; Kingsport, TN). In addition, there was a positive control that contained 3,000 mg/kg of Zn, 2,000 mg/kg of Zn, and 250 mg/kg of Cu in phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 55 mg/kg of carbadox (Mecadox; Phibro Animal Health Corp.; Teaneck, NJ) in all phases. Overall (d 0 to 38), pigs fed the positive control had increased (P < 0.05) ADG, and d 10 fecal DM compared to all other treatments. Pigs fed MTB had increased (P < 0.05) G:F compared to monobutyrin with pigs fed other treatments intermediate. Pigs fed MTB had the greatest (P ≤ 0.046) d 10 hematocrit and hemoglobin without significant mean separation. Pigs fed MTB had increased cecal butyrate compared to the control with pigs fed other treatments intermediate. In Exp. 2, 2,238 pigs, initially 5.1 kg, were used in a 42-d trial with 26 or 27 pigs per pen and 14 replications per dietary treatment. Six dietary treatments consisted of a control, a primarily monobutyrin blend, a 2:3 ratio of MTB, a 3:2 ratio of MTB, a MTB with C8 and C10 monoglycerides (Eastman; Kingsport, TN), and a commercial feed additive consisting of micro-encapsulated acids, thymol, and botanicals. The control diet contained 3,000 and 2,000 mg/kg of Zn in phases 1 and 2, respectively, and 55 mg/kg of carbadox in both phases. Each feed additive was added to the control at 0.3% in phases 1 and 2, and 0.1% in phase 3. On d 10, pigs fed the MTB at a 2:3 ratio had increased (P < 0.05) fecal DM compared to the predominantly monobutyrin blend and commercial additive with pigs fed other treatments intermediate. Pigs fed both ratios of MTB had decreased (P < 0.05) granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and IFNγ compared to the primarily monobutyrin blend. In summary, MTB increased cecal butyrate, hematological components, and modulated inflammatory status of weanling pigs.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal metabolizable energy intake during late gestation affect energy metabolism of the skeletal muscle of beef offspring","authors":"Luiza V Kladt, Mingjia Jiang, Ziting Li, Cristina M Veloso, Koryn S Hare, Walmir Silva, Katharine M Wood, Nicola V L Serão, Mateus P Gionbelli, Michael A Steele, Marcio Duarte","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf203","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of varying levels of maternal metabolizable energy (ME) intake during late gestation on the changes in postnatal development of skeletal muscle in calves. A total of 42 primiparous (n = 21) and multiparous (n = 21) pregnant Angus-Simmental beef cows (680.8 ± 74.4 kg) were housed indoors at the Ontario Beef Research Center (OBRC) at the University of Guelph. Cows were blocked by predicted calving date, balanced by initial body weight and parity, and randomly assigned to one of three treatment diets designed to provide 92% (LME, n = 16), 104% (CME, n = 13), or 118% (HME, n = 13) of predicted ME requirements, based on a 715 kg Angus cow with BCS 7 programmed to lose 2 BCS units over late gestation. All cows were managed under a planned moderate negative energy balance starting 53 days before expected calving. At birth, calves were weighed before suckling the dam, and again day 209 at weaning. At 28 days of age, plasma and serum samples were collected for insulin, glucose, BHBA and NEFA analysis. At 30 days of age Longissimus muscle samples were biopsied from the calves and were used for mRNA expression and protein abundance for energy metabolism. All statistical analyses were performed in SAS Studio, in a mixed model including the fixed effects of treatment and parity, and the random effect of sire. No differences were observed among treatments for calf birth weight, weaning weight and metabolic profile. A lower mRNA expression of MYH1 was observed (P = 0.02) in skeletal muscle of calves from the HME and LME groups compared to the CME. An increased mRNA expression of both MYH2a (P = 0.04) and MYH2x (P = 0.01) was observed in calves from LME compared to HME, suggesting potential alterations in muscle fiber composition that may influence metabolic efficiency and growth performance. A greater mRNA expression of PPARα (P = 0.04), PPARGC1α (P = 0.04) and MEF2A (P = 0.01) were observed in calves from the LME group compared to the HME. A greater AMPK activity was observed (P = 0.01) in skeletal muscle of calves from LME group compared to CME and HME. In contrast, Akt activity was greater in HME and LME groups compared to CME (P = 0.01). Our findings suggest that maternal ME intake affected the muscle energy metabolism of the offspring, the oxidation of fatty acids, mitochondrial biogenesis and the use of muscle fiber type fuel.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat stress mitigation during prepartum and postpartum altered the plasma metabolome in Bos indicus-influenced cow-calf pairs","authors":"Vinicius S Izquierdo, João M B Vendramini, Nadia Ashrafi, Romana Ashrafi Mimi, Stewart F Graham, Angela Gonella-Diaza, Philipe Moriel","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf195","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the impacts of access to artificial shade during prepartum and postpartum periods on the plasma metabolome of heat-stressed cow-calf pairs. On day 0, 64 pregnant Brangus crossbred beef heifers (&amp;lt;25% Bos indicus; 20 to 22 months of age) were stratified by body weight (454 ± 37 kg) and body condition score (6.3 ± 0.28) and allocated to 1 of 16 bahiagrass pastures (1 ha and 4 heifers per pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (8 pastures per treatment) and consisted of heifers provided (SH) or not provided (NSH) access to artificial shade from day 0 to 133 (83 ± 4 days prepartum until 50 ± 4 days postpartum). Calves were weaned on day 203 (120 days of age) and limit-fed the same concentrate at 3.25% of body weight until day 268. Calves were vaccinated against pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease on day 222. Blood samples were collected from all heifers 30 days before calving (day 55) and from calves on days 222 and 223 to determine the plasma metabolome using liquid chromatography. Principal component and partial least squares-discriminant analyses were conducted daily to distinguish treatment groups. Metabolite concentrations were compared between SH and NSH groups using SAS MIXED, and differentially expressed metabolites were analyzed for canonical pathways via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. A clear separation was observed on day 55 for SH and NSH heifers. Effects of treatment (P ≤ 0.05) were detected for 16 metabolites and tended to be detected (P ≤ 0.10) for 9 metabolites from the top 100 variable importance in projection. Nine pathways related to glutamate, alanine and aspartate metabolism were upregulated (P ≤ 0.03), whereas glutamate degradation I was downregulated (P = 0.02) in SH vs. NSH heifers. Clear separations were observed for calf metabolome on days 222 and 223. Plasma concentrations of 12 and 5 metabolites associated with amino acid and lipid metabolism increased (P ≤ 0.05) in SH vs. NSH offspring on days 222 and 223, respectively. Shade access upregulated (P ≤ 0.01) 9 calf metabolic pathways related to amino acid and antioxidant metabolism on day 222 but did not impact (P &amp;gt; 0.10) calf metabolic pathways on day 223. Thus, access to shade for pregnant heifers altered their glutamate metabolism and appeared to decrease lipolysis compared with no access to shade. Access to shade programmed the calf metabolism to increase primarily glutamate utilization and reduce oxidative stress markers.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZNF280AY: A Pseudogene on the Ovine Y Chromosome and Its Copy Number Variation (CNV) Associated with Testicular Size in Hu Sheep","authors":"Yangkai Liu, Li Wang, Jialei Chen, Tajmal Hussain Solangi, Ran Li, Mengzhen Le, Yue Xiangpeng","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf202","url":null,"abstract":"Y-chromosome gene copy number variations (CNV) are closely associated with testicular development and male fertility. ZNF280AY, originating from the transposition of the ZNF280A gene, has been identified as a multicopy gene in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome within the Bovidae family. However, the genomic structure of ZNF280AY and its impact on male fertility through CNV remain poorly characterized. Our study revealed that ZNF280AY exhibits pseudogene characteristics in sheep, as evidenced by disrupted coding sequences and the absence of mRNA expression across seven somatic tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, testes, muscle) at 6 months of age. The absence of expression was further found at various developmental stages (0-12 months). Comparative genomic analysis confirmed sequence homology (&amp;gt;88%) with bovine orthologs, while structural divergence supports its pseudogenization trajectory. Large-scale qPCR analysis of 723 rams from eight breeds revealed substantial CNV (15-122 copies, median=42), with significant negative correlations between ZNF280AY copy number and testicular morphometric parameters (left testicular length: r = −0.096, P = 0.044; left testicular width: r = −0.112, P = 0.020; right testicular length: r = −0.136, P = 0.005). These findings establish ZNF280AY CNV as a novel molecular marker for ram testicular development evaluation, providing critical insights for marker-assisted selection in sheep breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methionine supplementation-induced alteration of sheep seminal plasma miRNAs and proteome.","authors":"Jessica Townsend, Zongkai Peng, Mehmet Kizilaslan, Todd Taylor, Zhibo Yang, Nagib Ahsan, Hasan Khatib","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seminal plasma (SP) primarily serves as the transport medium for sperm, however protein and miRNA expression in SP have been found to be indicative of reproductive function and have been used to identify changes in spermatogenesis. It is also postulated that SP proteins and miRNAs play a role in direct communication with the female reproductive tract to alter uterine function and drive physiological changes that increases pregnancy success. Importantly, SP has been shown to be susceptible to paternal diet, indicating another method in which altered fetal programming may occur. Most work regarding the role of SP in pregnancy establishment as well as dietary contributions to SP composition has been conducted in mice and humans, however, the effects of diet on SP composition in livestock species warrants further investigation. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how paternal diet can alter the proteome and miRNA composition of SP from sheep to better understand their potential roles in male fertility and fetal programming. Here, we examined how a prepubertal methionine-enriched diet affected the miRNA and protein compositions of SP in Polypay rams. Comparative proteomics revealed that a total of 28 SP proteins were significantly increased and 32 were decreased in abundance (p < 0.05, fold change > 1.5) in response to methionine supplementation. Additionally, 138 significant miRNAs were identified in the SP from treatment versus control rams, with 80 upregulated and 58 downregulated (p < 0.05, fold change > 2). Given that miRNAs are known regulators of mRNA expression, we performed a functional enrichment analysis of our differentially expressed miRNAs and found that 79 miRNAs target 37 proteins exhibiting differential abundance. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that targeted proteins were enriched in biological processes including reproduction, fertilization, and embryo development. Overall, these results demonstrate that the SP composition of rams is susceptible to a methionine-enriched diet and may impact male fertility and offspring development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic characterization of lamb ovaries and oocytes reveals key biomarkers after superovulation.","authors":"Jingjing Wang, Jiachen Bai, Yucheng Liu, Zhenliang Zhang, Zhanmin Lv, Guiping Hai, Houru Li, Weijun Liu, Ling Tang, Yuxuan Hua, Ruigang Wang, Yunyun Zhang, Xiangwei Fu, Pengcheng Wan","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superovulated prepubertal lambs serve as an important source of oocytes for Juvenile In Vitro Embryo Transfer (JIVET); however, their ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation markedly differs from that of adult ewes. The ovaries and oocytes are the primary targets of hormonal-induced superovulation in lambs, and their developmental status directly determines the efficiency of follicular recruitment and maturation. In this study, the in vitro developmental assessment revealed that the maturation rate, cleavage rate, and blastocyst formation rate of lamb oocytes were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of adult sheep oocytes. To investigate this disparity, whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of ovaries and ultra-low RNA-seq of oocytes collected from adult sheep and lamb were performed. Integrative transcriptomic analysis identified a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway across ovarian and oocytes. Both Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed key nodes ERBB3, HRAS proteins in this pathway exhibited elevated expression in both ovarian follicles and oocytes of superovulated lambs. Collectively, ERBB3 and HRAS serve as key biomarkers for the reduced developmental competence of oocytes in lambs following superovulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of new candidate genes affecting drip loss in pigs based on genomics and transcriptomics data","authors":"Jianghui Yu, Wei Tao, Xinjie Ai, Qian Liu, Jinfeng Ma, Liming Xu, Qiang Li, Wenqiang Wang, Ruihua Huang, Qingbo Zhao, Pinghua Li","doi":"10.1093/jas/skaf177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf177","url":null,"abstract":"Drip loss (DL) is a crucial trait for evaluating muscle quality in pigs. In this study, Chinese Suhuai pigs with DL record were genotyped using the Neogen® GGP Porcine 80 K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to identify quantitative trait locus (QTL) affecting DL and dissect candidate genes for this trait. The SNP-chip data was imputed to the level of whole-genome sequence (iWGS). Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) based on iWGS data, significant SNPs were detected on Sus scrofa chromosomes (SSC) 4, SSC13, and SSC14 for DL, involving 37 candidate genes such as AACS, CRB4, and OXSM. Notably, three QTL regions (SSC4, SSC13, and SSC14) were newly identified in this study, which were SSC4: 65.2~66.1 Mb, SSC13:12.46~12.48 Mb and SSC14: 20.7~20.9 Mb respectively. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted on muscle tissues from individual pigs with extremely high and low genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) of drip loss, identifying 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Integrating these DEGs with QTT analysis results from our Suhuai pig muscle tissue transcriptome data pinpointed six DEGs strongly linked to drip loss: GALNT15, TBC1D1, MLLT11, PPARGC1A, NREP, and CNTFR. Integration of candidate genes identified by GWAS with the results of QTT analysis revealed that the expression of GWAS-identified genes NCOA2, HPF1, and CLCN3 was significantly correlated with drip loss. Functional enrichment analysis, combining the 37 candidate genes identified by GWAS and the six DEGs co-identified by RNA-seq and QTT analyses, suggested that GALNT15, TBC1D1, PPARGC1A, AACS, CBR4, and OXSM genes may be functionally related to pork drip loss, thereby positioning them as important candidate genes. These genes (NCOA2, HPF1, CLCN3, PPARGC1A, TBC1D1, GALNT15, CBR4, AACS, and OXSM) were newly identified candidate genes for DL. This research provide a foundation for improving meat quality traits through marker-assisted or genomic selection in pig breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}