Journal of animal science最新文献

{"title":"PSV-19 Uncovering breed-origin allele effects and their role in thermotolerance through genome-wide association study in Brangus cattle","authors":"Gabriel A Zayas, Camila Santos Rojas, Aakilah Hernandez, Eduardo E Rodriguez, Ashley Beard, Fahad Rafiq, Kaitlyn Sarlo Davila, Raluca Mateescu","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.584","url":null,"abstract":"In subtropical and tropical environments, beef cattle production faces significant challenges due to heat stress, affecting animal welfare and productivity. To mitigate these effects, producers have turned to crossbreeding and the development of composite breeds like Brangus, which combine the desirable carcass and meat quality traits of European taurine cattle with the thermotolerance of Indicine breeds. However, the genetic underpinnings of thermotolerance in these composite populations are not well understood, owing to the complex nature of measuring related traits and the genetic intricacies arising from crosses of distinct populations. This study aims to identify key quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to thermotolerance, employing an approach that integrates genetic markers alongside the marker’s breed of origin of alleles (BOA) in Brangus heifers. Data were collected on histological sweat gland area (SWA), hair length (HL), and thermal stress slope as a measure of the increase in body temperature from a low to a high temperature-humidity index (TSS), from 2,233 Brangus heifers genotyped with the 250K functional chip. BOA was determined using LAMP-LD software, using Angus and Brahman cattle from the University of Florida’s multibreed Angus-Brahman project as a reference population. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) incorporating BOA-specific effects, revealing several genes with BOA-specific effects. Notably, the CGGBP1 gene exhibited a significant effect on TSS only when alleles originated from Brahman. Conversely, the PLK1 gene was significant for TSS when alleles originated from Angus. Both CGGBP1 and PLK1 interact with heat shock proteins during heat stress, these findings reveal different genetic mechanisms for controlling internal body temperature. For HL, a significant Brahman-specific effect was found near the PRLR gene, which is known as the gene controlling the SLICK hair phenotype in Criollo cattle. For SWA, an Angus-specific significant association was found with the PDE4D gene. PDE4D interacts with the cAMP pathway which regulates sweat gland growth and sweat production. These findings underline the genetic complexity of thermotolerance in composite cattle and the crucial role of BOA in identifying key QTL. The study offers novel insights into the genetic mechanisms of thermotolerance, providing a foundation for breeding strategies aimed at improving heat resilience in cattle in subtropical and tropical environments.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVII-9 Improvement of feed efficiency in Korean Hanwoo cattle: investigation of feed intake and analysis of residual feed intake (RFI)","authors":"Mina Park, Ha-Seung Seong, Jeong-Il Won, Seung-Soo Lee, Chang-Gwon Dang, Jae-Gu Lee, Jaebeom Cha, Sang-Min Lee, Mahboob Alam","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.506","url":null,"abstract":"Feed efficiency is an important economic trait in beef cattle production, and improving feed efficiency can reduce production costs and environmental impact. Residual feed intake (RFI) is a useful measure of individual feed efficiency, representing the difference between the actual feed intake of an animal and its predicted feed intake based on its body weight (BW) and growth. This study aimed to investigate feed intake and analyze RFI in Hanwoo cattle to improve feed efficiency. Data were collected from 120 Hanwoo steers (9 to 11 mo old) from six different test stations across the country. Individual daily feed intake of concentrates and forage was recorded over 70 d, and BW was measured at the beginning and end of the feeding trial. Daily feed intake was calculated using the TDN values of the concentrates and forage. Expected feed intake was estimated using a linear regression model based on metabolic BW and daily gain. RFI was calculated as the difference between expected and actual feed intake. Average daily gain ranged from 1.05 to 1.71 kg/d, and average daily feed intake ranged from 5.10 to 7.72 kg/d across the test stations. RFI values ranged from -0.84 to 0.95 kg/d, indicating significant variation in feed efficiency among the animals. This study provides valuable information on feed intake and RFI in Hanwoo cattle. Further research with a larger dataset is needed to develop a genetic evaluation model for RFI and to select animals with superior feed efficiency for improving Hanwoo cattle production.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSLBI-17 Total sulfur amino acid requirements across the canine life cycle in Labrador Retrievers using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique","authors":"Sarah M Dickerson, Claire L Timlin, Fiona B McCracken, Jason W Fowler, craig n coon","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.712","url":null,"abstract":"Methionine and cysteine are the principal sulfur-containing amino acids that are incorporated into proteins, although homocysteine and taurine also have important physiological roles in canines. As limited studies have been conducted for total sulfur-containing amino acids (TSAA) requirements across the canine life cycle, our objective was to determine the minimum requirements (MR) for TSAA at 4 life stages using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique. Labrador Retrievers (n = 24) were used in feeding studies to evaluate the changing requirements of TSAA as dogs mature: 6 puppies aged 10 to 14 wk, 6 puppies >14 wk to 9 mos, 6 adults 2 to 5 yr (yr), and 6 seniors > 8yr. Following a 2-d adaptation to a TSAA-adequate basal diet (TSAA = 1.12% dry matter), dogs underwent individual IAAO studies. In brief, all dogs were randomly fed one of six test diets with varying levels of TSAA ranging from deficient to sufficient (final TSAA content in experimental diets were 0.41, 0.46, 0.51, 0.98, 1.05, and 1.12% dry matter, with indispensable amino acids formulated at 1.6x NRC values). The test diet was divided into 13 equal meals; at the 5th meal, a tracer amino acid was included (a bolus L-[1-13C] phenylalanine based on body weight was first given, followed by [1-13C] Phe doses every 30 spanning 4 h). Breath samples were collected via a respiration mask every 30 min. Total CO2 production was determined via indirect calorimetry and production of 13CO2 at each dose was measured by enrichment of 13C in breath samples via isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Results for IRMS data were converted to atom percent excess (APE) and analyzed using segmented linear regression. The Four Rivers mean and population requirements for TSAA were estimated to be 1.55 ± 0.069 g/1,000 kcal (mean ± 2 SD) for puppies 10 to 14 wk, 1.53 ± 0.21 g/1,000 kcal (mean ± 2 SD) for puppies 14 wk to 9 mo, 1.4 ± 0.30 g/1000 kcal (mean ± 2 SD) for adults 2 to 5 yr, and 1.27 ± 0.23 g/1,000 kcal (mean ± 2 SD) for seniors. These results may contribute to the formulation of diets that meet the age-appropriate requirements of TSAA for large-breed dogs at all life stages.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVI-16 An evaluation using a visual health scoring system with vaginal temperatures of newly received feedlot heifers on immune status","authors":"Mackenzie M Smithyman, Mark E Branine, Consuelo A Sowers, Glenn C Duff, Clint A Loest","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.611","url":null,"abstract":"Newly received feedlot cattle often experience immune function impairment caused by stressors such as marketing and transportation, resulting in bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Morbidity is often visually detected and medically treated by implementing a 4-point scoring system based on depression, appetite, respiration, and temperature (DART). Using DART scoring, cattle are treated with antimicrobial medications for BRD if they have a rectal temperature (RT) ≥ 40°C and a DART = 2 (scale = 1 to 4), or if they have a DART ≥ 3 regardless of the 40°C RT threshold. However, cattle often exhibit visible clinical symptoms of BRD but do not have a RT ≥ 40°C threshold to warrant medical treatment. Immune status can be measured using a nanotechnology-based immunity test (D2Dx). The objective of this study was to evaluate newly received feedlot heifers on subsequent health status using the DART scoring system and D2Dx values during a 28-d receiving period. Crossbred heifers [n = 198; initial body weight (BW) = 219 ± 63 kg] were initially processed, weighed, and allocated to one of 10 soil-surfaced pens (12 x 35 m; 20 heifers per pen). A blank controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) device attached with indwelling temperature probe (iButton DS1925L) was inserted vaginally into each heifer to record vaginal temperature (VT) every 10 min for 28 d. All heifers were evaluated daily (0700 h) for signs of morbidity by three individuals (blinded from each other) implementing DART scoring. Individual DART evaluations were then pooled prior to determination of heifers needing further evaluation for medical treatment. Serum was collected on d 1, 28, and when a heifer was brought to the chute and evaluated for medical treatment (PULL). Initial D2Dx values were not different (P ≥ 0.54) between healthy and morbid heifers upon feedlot arrival. Heifers with DART ≥ 2 that were treated for BRD had decreased (P ≤ 0.05) D2Dx values than healthy heifers with DART = 0. The D2Dx values were not different (P ≥ 0.15) between heifers with DART = 2 and DART = 3. Upon feedlot arrival, D2Dx values were low for all heifers and increased (P ≤ 0.05) by the 1st and 2nd PULL. By d 28, D2Dx values were greater (P ≤ 0.01) than both d 0 and all total PULL. Average VT decreased (P ≤ 0.01) from d 0 to 28, implying heifer health status improved by d 28 as D2Dx values increased. In this study, morbidity cannot be determined by D2Dx values upon arrival. Employing the DART scoring method accompanied with the D2Dx immunity test provided an overview of how effective clinical BRD can be diagnosed. Therefore, contributing to the improvement and development of more effective strategies for identifying respiratory diseases in feedlot cattle.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"504 Relationship between vaginal microbiota and reproductive efficiency in dairy cows","authors":"Erika J Félix Santiago, Delia X Vega Manríquez, Milagros González Hernández, Jorge Flores Sánchez, Andrea García Mendoza, Cesar A Rosales Nieto","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.170","url":null,"abstract":"Intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the milk production of a dairy herd, which is affected by the reproductive efficiency of dairy farms. Infectious, nutritional, and management causes can negatively affect this efficiency. After parturition, dairy cows are sensible to clinical diseases since the physical barriers of the cervix, vagina, and vulva are compromised, allowing environmental bacteria to ascend, altering the vaginal microbiota. It is possible that the alteration of the microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota alters the response of circulating hormones related to a new conception and leads to repeat breeder cow syndrome. Repeat breeder cow (RBC) syndrome is considered when the cows have difficulties becoming pregnant after three or more attempts. This was investigated by associating the microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota with the circulating concentration of progesterone, glucose, and reproductive success in Holstein cows. We used 30 Holstein cows of similar body condition and parity (4th) assigned to two treatments based on their historical reproductive success. T-RBC with repeat breeder cow syndrome (n = 15), and T-control (CTL) without (n = 15). At insemination, we collected a vaginal mucosa sample from each cow. The samples were plated on blood agar and McConkey media under aerobiosis and micro-aerobiosis conditions. The isolated colonies were identified through Gram staining and specific biochemical tests to determine the genus and species of each bacterium. Blood samples were collected at insemination, d 5 post insemination, and every 2 d afterward for progesterone and glucose assay. Data for fertility were analyzed using PROC-GLIMMIX with a binomial distribution and logit link function. Data for progesterone and glucose were analyzed using MIXED effects and repetitive measures. Up to date, Bacillus, E coli, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Streptococcus, and Actinomyces have been isolated. Over time, circulating progesterone and glucose did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05). To date, the fertility rate is similar between treatments (33%; P > 0.05); however, the number of services per conception differed (T-RBC:6 vs T-CTL:1; P < 0.001). The incidence of Bacillus (31% vs 7%; P < 0.001), E. coli (45% vs 4%; P < 0.001), and Staphylococcus (23% vs 9%; P < 0.01) was greater in non-pregnant cows than in pregnant cows. The incidence of the rest of the isolated bacteria was similar between pregnant and non-pregnant cows (P > 0.05). This study suggests that the vaginal microbiota in dairy cows can change according to the reproductive state of the cow. Our study was based on fourth-parity cows; however, more research is needed to elucidate if the same condition is presented in cows with different parity.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVII-7 Putative epigenetic regulating fatty acids content in muscle of Nelore cattle","authors":"Juliana Afonso, Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso, Jennifer Jéssica Bruscadin, Andressa Oliveira de Lima, Wellison Jarles Silva Da Diniz, Gerson Barreto Mourao, Aline Silve Mello Cesar, Adhemar Zerlotini, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho, Marina R S Fortes, Luciana Correia Almeida de Regitano","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.505","url":null,"abstract":"Fatty acid (FA) content has a significant role in the quality and nutritional composition of beef. However, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms governing FA content in beef are not fully understood. Therefore, we identified putative regulatory genes potentially modulating FA content in Nelore cattle muscle that are also being epigenetically repressed. These genes are called discordantly regulated genes (DRGs). We used genome-wide expression data from muscle samples of Nelore steers, which were selected based on contrasting levels of five specific fatty acids. Our study cohort comprised 15 muscle samples per contrasting group, sourced from an experimental breeding herd, born between 2009 and 2011 and assayed on feedlot at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA/Brazil). These animals were sired by 34 unrelated bulls representing prominent genealogies prevalent in Brazil during that period. We identified 48 unique DRGs associated with the content of at least one FA. There were 24 DRGs for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 32 for oleic acid (OA), 26 for palmitic acid (PA), 22 for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 22 for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These DRGs have crucial roles in developmental and differentiation processes, aligning with expectations for genes under epigenetic regulation. Notably, 10 DRGs were identified as common regulators across all five FAs (COMP, HOXC10, LBX1, PAX7, PITX2, SIM2, SOX17, TBX15, TBX3 and ZIC4); five DRGs were previously published differentially expressed genes for CLA, 25 were annotated as known bovine transcription factors and one as a known bovine transcription cofactor, further supporting their regulatory potential. To investigate genetic variants associated with epigenetically regulated genomic regions linked to FA traits, we conducted association tests with SNPs proximal to the transcription start sites (TSS) of DRGs. For that we considered a window of 10 kb for each side, and the previously published genetic estimated breeding value for the fatty acids in the study. We identified a significant SNP, rs110498194, associated with CLA (FDR < 0.05). This SNP is within an intron of the PITX2 gene, located 7,537 bp downstream of its TSS. PITX2 is a DRG for all five FA and is a known bovine transcription factor. To validate the presence of epigenetic elements within the genomic region associated with CLA, we examined two bovine muscle samples from the FAANG project using the UCSC Genome Browser. We identified ATAC-Seq and ChIP-Seq peaks for CTCF, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, H3K4me1 and H3K4me3, indicating active epigenetic regulation in these genomic regions. Despite the limitations in our predictions, stemming from the enrichment of cell differentiation-related processes and reliance on human-based data, our findings highlight candidate genes implicated in the regulation of fatty acid content in bovine muscle, potentially repressed by epigenetic mechanisms and a SNP involved in this regulation for CLA.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"35 Beneficial role of 1.3,.1.6 yeast beta glucan in pet health","authors":"Julie Schulthess, Achraf A Leseaux, Rodolphe Rabot","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.144","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta-glucans (BG) have gained increasing attention for their diverse health-promoting properties in both humans and animals. Yeast beta-glucans are polysaccharides known for their immunomodulatory effects, which have been extensively studied in various animal models. Especially when they are coming from yeasts, these polysaccharides exhibit the ability to train the innate immune system in particular monocytes and macrophages, enhancing phagocytosis, cytokine production, and overall immune response. A number of studies have already shown that 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta glucans can address several pet health specific concerns, such as periodontal disease, atopy, osteoarthritis, diabetes. At Phileo, we conducted a trial where canine monocytes and macrophages were trained with a proprietary 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta glucan to identify whether those canine phagocytes could benefit from the training by 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG. Our results show that canine phagocytes cultured in presence of 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG display a greater cytokines production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-12. Those data are really encouraging as IL12 is essential to initiate T cell responses against pathogens. These benefits against pathogens have shown reduced incidences of infections, subsequently reducing the reliance on antibiotics and enhancing sustainability. Several examples will be given on species close to dogs. Taking these results all together, the inclusion of 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG in pet diets or supplements offer a promising avenue for enhancing their health. Their multifaceted benefits, including immunomodulation or inflammatory control, make them valuable purified actives in the pet care industry.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSXIII-19 Levels of multicarbohydrase complexes on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics for feedlot cattle","authors":"Bárbara M Brixner, Bruno Garcia Carvalho de Dias, Murillo A Meschiatti, Daiana dos Santos de Oliveira, Sílvio Luis Antunes, Fernanda Lopes, Daniel Montanher Polizel, Flávio Augusto Portela Santos","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.896","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding exogenous enzymes has the potential to increase the digestibility of nutrients and modify rumen fermentation in diets for feedlot cattle, on the other hand, the effect of the inclusion of corn ethanol co-products on nutrient digestibility is still controversial. We hypothesized that the supplementation of enzyme complex improves nutrient digestibility and increases ruminal pH of feedlot cattle receiving a finishing diet and the inclusion of DFS (corn dry bran/fiber plus distillers solubles) has no effect on rumen fermentation and nutrients digestibility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of doses of multicarbohydrase complexes and the inclusion of DFS on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation. Ruminally cannulated Nellore steers [n = 30; Initial body weight (BW) = 250 kg] were used in a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Factor 1 was defined by the inclusion of DFS [15% or 45% of dry matter (DM)], and factor 2 was the doses of multicarbohydrase complexes (0, 0.75 and 1.0 g/10 kg of DM). The diets contained 8.5% sugar cane bagasse, 44 or 73% ground flint corn, 15 or 45% DFS, 0.5 or 1.5% urea and 2% mineral mix plus monensin with the respective enzyme complex doses. The digestibility assessment was carried out based on the assessment of nutrient consumption (offered and non-consumed feed) and total feces production on d 18 to 22 of the study. Ruminal fluid collection was carried out on d 23 of the study, every 3 h, and samples were analyzed to determine ruminal fluid pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) proportion and ammonia nitrogen concentration. Orthogonal contrasts were performed to evaluate the effects of enzyme complex doses with a significance level of 5%. Two contrasts were tested to compare: 1) 0 g of enzyme vs. inclusion of enzyme, and 2) 0.75 g of enzyme vs. 1.0 g. There was an interaction (P ≤ 0.05) for protein digestibility. The inclusion of multicarbohydrase complexes increased crude protein (CP) digestibility in diets with 45% DFS, with no effect on diets containing 15% DFS. Feeding the enzyme complex increased (P ≤ 0.05) the ether extract digestibility. Feeding 45 vs 15% DFS had no effect on the digestibility of nutrients (P ≥ 0.05). There was no DFS inclusion and doses of enzymes interaction for ruminal fermentation variables. The DFS inclusion did not affect the VFA and ruminal ammonia; however, the inclusion of 45% DFS increased the ruminal pH (6.40 vs. 6.23). The doses of multicarbohydrase complexes did not affect the ruminal pH, VFA and ammonia concentration; however, decreased the acetate:propionate ratio. In conclusion, the enzyme complex had minor effects on nutrient digestibility but improved rumen fermentation, while feeding 45% DFS in the diet had no effect on nutrient digestibility and increased rumen pH.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSIV-29 Efficacy of a chute-side pregnancy test on early pregnancy determination in mature Rambouillet ewes","authors":"Karime L Luna, Marcy Ward, Molly M Austin, Jeffrey Dominguez Arellanes, Luis Ochoa, Sara C Gurule, Shaina Sirois, Meghan May, John Lawrence, Eric J Scholljegerdes, Sergio A Soto-Navarro, Jennifer A Gifford","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.922","url":null,"abstract":"Distinguishing pregnant from non-pregnant ewes in early pregnancy allows for more efficient flock management by producers. While early pregnancy detection techniques like ultrasonography and hormone quantification are well established, these techniques are often not adaptable to field conditions or require specialized equipment and training. The objective of this study was to evaluate a validated bovine commercial on-farm pregnancy test on efficacy for detecting early pregnancy in distinct blood constituents of ewes. Rambouillet ewes [n = 30; average body weight (BW) = avg 60.9 ± 1.1 kg; age 2 to 8 yr) were estrous synchronized using a 5 d CIDR protocol followed by 2 injections of PGF2α at 0 and 4 h. A rattle-painted ram was subsequently placed with ewes for a 35-d breeding season. Blood constituents including whole blood (WB), plasma (PL), and serum (SE) were collected via jugular venipuncture prior to synchronization (d 0) and on d 20, 35, and 70 after breeding. Blood constituents were individually evaluated using the IDEXX Alertys OnFarm pregnancy test for pregnancy detection. Trans-abdominal ultrasonography was performed on d 35 and d 70 post-breeding. Serum progesterone (P4) was quantified on d 100 of gestation to confirm pregnancy status. Progesterone concentrations ≥ 4 ng/mL were considered pregnant. On d 20 of gestation, IDEXX tests agreed with P4 concentrations on d 100 (χ2 = 0.30) in WB, SE and PL at 35.7, 53.6, and 53.6%, respectively. Pregnancy detection accuracy increased on d 35 of gestation as IDEXX tests agreed with P4 at d 100 (χ2 = 1.00) in WB, SE, and PL at 60.7, 60.7 and 60.7% accuracy, respectively. On d 70 of gestation, IDEXX tests agreed with P4 at d 100 (χ2 = 0.81) in WB, SE, and PL at 90.7, 93.3 and 93.3% accuracy, respectively indicating similarity in pregnancy diagnosis in the two methods. Detection of pregnancy using ultrasonography at d 35 identified 33% of pregnant ewes, while d 70 ultrasound detected 93% of pregnant ewes when compared with d 100 serum P4. Results suggest that the IDEXX pregnancy test provides early diagnosis of pregnancy with d 70 results comparable to d 100 serum P4 quantification regardless of blood constituent type.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVII-29 The Nebraska Beef Industry Scholars Program develops employability skills and improves career development","authors":"Kacie L McCarthy, Lisa Karr","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.917","url":null,"abstract":"The Nebraska Beef Industry Scholars (NBIS) program is designed to bring elite undergraduate students together to learn more about issues that affect beef production, network with industry leaders, and develop leadership skills in the beef industry. Therefore, our objectives were to better understand how prepared the NBIS students are for a career related to beef cattle post-graduation by completing a survey. The procedures of the survey were reviewed and approved by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln’s Institutional Review Board (IRB #19684). The assessment was provided to graduates of the program via an email list provided by the college. The survey was sent to 78 students who completed the NBIS program (certificate or minor) between 2010 and 2018 in the Animal Science Department at University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Survey results were summarized and means and standard deviations were calculated for individual statements in the Likert scale format and were considered significant if the average was greater than 3. Fifty-one students responded to the survey, 51% of respondents were female, 72.5% majored in Animal Science with the remaining respondents majoring in Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication (21.6 and 5.9%, respectively). In terms of the NBIS program preparing students for a career, 22 respondents felt very satisfied with educational experiences through the NBIS program, whereas 14 respondents were extremely satisfied. Thirty-five respondents noted that they are currently working in the beef industry and 27 of them had found a job at graduation. Twenty-six students felt that the NBIS program provided a great deal of networking opportunities throughout their program which prepared them for their career. Overall, students who have completed the NBIS program value the experiences gained and felt prepared going into careers relative to the beef industry.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}