Journal of animal science最新文献

{"title":"Postnatal development of bones and related hormonal factors in piglets","authors":"Julia C Vötterl, Frederike Lerch, Fitra Yosi, Simone Koger, Barbara U Metzler-Zebeli","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag331","url":null,"abstract":"Piglets grow considerably in their first weeks of life. However, little information exists about the interplay of hormonal factors that orchestrate bone development. The present study aimed to investigate the development of hormonal factors in serum, bone metrics, histology and mRNA expression of genes related to growth and transformation of bone tissue from day of life (DoL) 3 to 35. Litters (n = 10) remained with their mother sows until weaning on DoL 28. Blood and metacarpal bones of 10 piglets (5 males and 5 females) were collected on DoL 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 31 and 35. Bone geometry parameters linearly increased during the suckling phase (P < 0.05). Histological parameters, including the total width of the growth plate and its proliferative and reserve zones, in turn, quadratically changed from DoL 3 to 28 (P < 0.05), indicating greater longitudinal bone growth between DoL 7 to 14. Osteocyte and osteoclast numbers also linearly increased from DoL 3 to 28 along with increasing mRNA expression of RANKL and OPG (P < 0.05), indicating bone maturation. Serum alkaline phosphatase and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, important factors for bone mineralization, were higher in the first week of life and linearly declined thereafter (P < 0.05). Serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D, which respond to decreasing Ca levels in the blood, linearly increased during the suckling phase (P < 0.05). Serum levels and mRNA expression of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), that regulates the renal phosphate excretion, and of KLOTHO, needed for the action of FGF23 on the kidney, linearly decreased during the suckling phase (P < 0.05), which allowed the retention of phosphate for bone growth. Postweaning, bone geometry parameters suggested growth stagnation from DoL 28 to 35. However, quadratic effects of age on histological parameters for the growth plate indicated interrupted growth mainly on DoL 31, whereas on DoL 35 longitudinal bone growth resumed (P < 0.05). Quadratic effects of age on postweaning levels of serum Ca and phosphate and expression of KLOTHO supported reduced growth on DoL 31 (P < 0.05), whereas serum levels of vitamin D and parathormone linearly increased and decreased postweaning, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall, the present data provide valid information on bone mineralization and development of the regulatory interplay of hormonal factors and feedback loops during the suckling phase and the impact of weaning on bone growth.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149150766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in the liver phosphoproteome of finishing cattle with divergent dry matter intake.","authors":"Mindy E King, Carlee Newcomb, Abigail R Rathert-Williams, Matthew R Beck, Steven D Hartson, Darren E Hagen, Andrew P Foote","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variation in voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) is an important component of feed efficiency in finishing cattle; however, the molecular processes associated with individual variation in DMI remain poorly understood. The liver contributes to DMI regulation through both cell signaling and vagal signaling. The objective of this study was to investigate alterations in the phosphoproteome of finishing beef steers with divergent DMI to identify hepatic molecular processes associated with variation in voluntary feed intake. Fifty-four Angus steers (initial body weight = 518 ± 27 kg) underwent a 63-day intake trial using the Insentec Roughage Intake Control System (Hokofarm Group, Emmeloord, The Netherlands). Liver biopsy samples were collected 2 days prior to trial initiation. Samples from steers with the highest and lowest DMI (n = 8 each) were used for phosphoproteomic analysis. Proteins were labeled with isobaric tandem mass tagging reagents, enriched for phosphopeptides, and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, with spectral data searched and analyzed using MaxQuant (version 2.2.0.0; Max Planck Inst., Munich, Germany) and Perseus (version 2.0.10.0; Max Planck Inst.). Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD083668. A total of 16,365 phosphopeptides and 13,808 phosphosites were identified. There were 310 differentially abundant phosphopeptides and 1,158 differentially abundant phosphosites (False Discovery Rate < 0.05). For functional enrichment analysis, 2,777 phosphopeptides meeting an unadjusted P < 0.05 were used as input, and Gene Ontology processes and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were evaluated. Phosphosite data were used for kinase-substrate enrichment analysis (KSEApp package in R). Three enriched Gene Ontology terms were identified: nucleosome, structural constituent of chromatin, and RNA binding. Enriched KEGG pathways included adipocytokine signaling, insulin signaling, and insulin resistance. There were 43 enriched kinases following multiple-testing correction within KSEApp. Collectively, these results demonstrate differences in the hepatic phosphoproteome of cattle with divergent DMI and identify hepatic signaling pathways associated with variation in voluntary feed intake. These pathway-level findings provide potential targets for further investigation but do not establish causal mechanisms regulating DMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of embryonic developmental stage, embryo transfer number, synchronization method for enhancing the efficiency of cloned Ỉ pig embryo transfer.","authors":"Au Thi Hoang, Vu Thi Thu Huong, Huong Le Thi Nguyen, Huu Xuan Quan, Hieu Trung Phan, Dat Van Le, Huong Thi Nguyen, Duc Viet Phan, Nhung Tuyet Thi Nguyen, Anh Lan Thi Nguyen, Yen Kim Thi Pham, Lan Doan Pham, Nguyen Thi Nhien, Nguyen Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Hai Yen, Van Khanh Nguyen","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to establish suitable conditions for the transfer of cloned Ỉ pig embryos by determining the appropriate embryonic developmental stage, number of SCNT Ỉ pig embryos transferred, and synchronization method. Under the conditions of the present study, our results demonstrated that the transfer of SCNT-derived blastocysts resulted in a significantly higher pregnancy rate than the transfer of embryos at 20 h post-SCNT (P < 0.05). The transfer of 60 SCNT-derived blastocysts resulted in the lowest pregnancy rate (P < 0.05). Although variation in the number of blastocysts transferred (80, 100, 120, or 150) did not significantly affect pregnancy outcomes, none of the recipients receiving 80 SCNT-derived blastocysts subsequently farrowed. Increasing the number of SCNT-derived blastocysts transferred from 100 to 150 did not significantly affect the proportion of recipients that successfully farrowed. Estrus synchronization of recipients with PGF2α, followed by eCG and hCG administration, improved the efficiency of cloned pig embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate in recipients synchronized with PGF2α + eCG + hCG was significantly higher than that in the eCG + hCG group (P < 0.05). Under the conditions of the present study, synchronization with PGF2α, eCG, and hCG combined with the transfer of at least 100 SCNT-derived blastocysts appeared to provide a more favorable strategy for improving the efficiency of cloned Ỉ pig embryo transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic simulation of breakeven cost distributions for mortality-reducing interventions in feedlot cattle.","authors":"Lucas M Horton, Ted C Schroeder, Marshall N Streeter, Lonty K Bryant, John P Hutcheson, David G Renter","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mortality is one of the most impactful and costly outcomes in feedlot cattle production, yet quantification of the economic value of interventions to reduce it across differing cattle populations and market conditions has been limited. The primary research objective was to characterize distributions of per-animal breakeven costs for a hypothetical mortality-reducing intervention in feedlot cattle using stochastic simulation, evaluated across sexes, arrival weight classes (approximately 249, 340, and 431 kg; 5wt, 7wt, and 9wt), current (baseline) mortality levels (0.5, 1.5, 3, 7%), and intervention effectiveness levels (5, 10, 25, 50% proportional mortality reduction). Breakevens represent maximum per-animal intervention costs that achieve equivalent expected net returns to current management. A secondary objective was to evaluate the relative importance of input variables on breakeven variation. A partial budget framework was used, with animal performance and pricing variables simulated from correlated multivariate distributions, parameterized from commercial feedlot data and industry price reports. Discrete variables (interest rate, mortality timing, and feed intake of mortalities) also were evaluated. Long-run (LR) and short-run (SR) models were constructed using pricing data from 2015 to 2025, and 2025 only, respectively. Breakeven costs scaled heavily with current mortality prevalence and intervention effectiveness; median values ranged from $0.47/animal (7wt steer, 0.5% mortality, 5% reduction, LR) to $65.65/animal (7wt steer, 7% mortality, 50% reduction, LR). Distributions widened as mortality reduction levels increased, reflecting greater economic uncertainty at higher intervention effectiveness. Steers had consistently higher breakeven values than heifers, approximately 6 to 10%, and heavier placement weights yielded higher breakevens. Breakeven costs in the SR model were approximately 40 to 50% higher than LR, reflecting historically strong 2025 cattle markets. Fed cattle price was the dominant driver of breakeven variation within primary factors (median Spearman R² = 0.88, LR), with corn price a distant second (R² = 0.13); remaining variables were of minimal individual importance. These findings provide distributional context for evaluating the economic value of mortality-reducing interventions, enabling stakeholders to assess intervention feasibility across various cattle populations and market conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal Biology Symposium: Perinatal Programming - Challenges and Solutions for Optimizing Long-Term Health.","authors":"Ryan L Ashley, Dustin T Yates","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perinatal biology encompasses the coordinated sequence of parental, placental, fetal, and neonatal processes that collectively determine reproductive success and form the basis for lifelong health of the offspring. Recent advances in molecular biology, reproductive technologies, and systems biology have transformed our understanding of how events occurring before conception and throughout gestation influence pregnancy outcomes across mammalian species. The invited reviews that comprise this Perinatal Biology collection highlight emerging concepts in assisted reproductive technologies, maternal endocrine patterns, placental biology, infectious disease, and gamete physiology. Collectively, these articles demonstrate how successful pregnancy depends upon dynamic communication among maternal and paternal, placental, and fetal compartments, as none of these functions independently. Across species, common biological themes emerge around mitochondrial function and metabolic adaptability, immune and endocrine regulation, angiogenesis, and cellular plasticity. The collection also emphasizes the importance of comparative animal models, multi-omics technologies, and integrative physiology for identifying conserved mechanisms that underlie pregnancy outcomes. Together, this collection illustrates the expanding scope of perinatal biology and establishes a framework for translational One-Health research that benefits human medicine and animal agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential gene expression in Glisson’s capsule associated with liver abscesses in feedlot cattle","authors":"Macy T Lawrence,Trent E Schwartz,Loni W Lucherk,Ty E Lawrence,Emilie C Baker","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag320","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Liver abscesses (LA) in feedlot cattle are associated with reduced growth performance, increased liver and offal condemnations, and carcass value losses; however, potential animal welfare impacts, including pain, remain poorly understood. Although liver parenchyma lacks pain receptors, stretching or inflammation of the surrounding Glisson’s capsule is known to cause pain in humans. As the liver swells in response to LA, expansion of Glisson’s capsule may activate nociceptive pathways. Our objective was to compare gene expression in Glisson’s capsule from livers with (n = 6) and without LA (n = 9) to identify molecular signatures associated with LA. RNA was extracted from Glisson’s capsule tissue, sequenced on an Illumina platform, aligned to the Bos taurus reference genome using HISAT2, and quantified with featureCounts. Differential gene expression was assessed using DESeq2 (FDR ≤ 0.05; |log2 FC| ≥ 1). Sixty genes were differentially expressed; 41 were upregulated and 19 were downregulated in ABS tissue. FOS (+1.6 log2FC) and FOSB (+2.4 log2FC), molecular markers associated with acute and chronic pain, respectively, were upregulated in animals with LA. ENSBTAG00000061094, the bovine ortholog of human MRP4, had the greatest differential expression (−4.5 log2FC) and was downregulated in animals with LA; MRP4 is involved in inflammatory mediator transport and altered inflammatory pain thresholds. SNCA (−2.1 log2FC) has been associated with pain hypersensitivity and was downregulated in animals with LA, whereas ISG12(B) (+3.3 log2FC) indicated heightened innate immune and mitochondrial apoptotic activity and was upregulated in animals with LA. Increased EPHB3 (+1.8 log2FC) was upregulated in animals with LA and is consistent with signaling implicated in inflammatory remodeling and peripheral neuroimmune pain pathways. This study provides the first characterization of gene expression changes in Glisson’s capsule associated with bovine LA. Differentially expressed genes related to inflammation, nociceptive signaling, and tissue stress suggest that LA create an inflamed and likely pain-relevant molecular environment within the liver capsule. Further research is needed to confirm whether these molecular changes correspond to perceived pain in cattle.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GDF5 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of Hu sheep ovarian granulosa cells via the NGF pathway","authors":"Hanbin Wang,M A El-Samahy,Zhilin Liu,Jiahui Wang,Boang Zhao,Yanchen Chai,Linrui Li,Yanli Zhang,Xiaolei Yao","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag319","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) in follicular development of Hu sheep. In the present study, GDF5 was prominently localized in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), and its expression increased progressively with follicle development. In vitro studies demonstrated that GDF5 knockdown suppressed GC proliferation and promoted apoptosis by downregulating cell cycle-related genes (PCNA, CCND1 and CDK6) and upregulating apoptosis-related gene (BAX). Meanwhile, GDF5 overexpression inhibited GC apoptosis and promoted proliferation by upregulating cell cycle-related genes and downregulating the apoptosis-related genes. RNA-seq revealed that nerve growth factor (NGF) expression was significantly downregulated following GDF5 overexpression. Subsequently, we found that the expression of NGF was significantly higher in &amp;gt; 5 mm follicles than in smaller follicles. Functional experiments indicated that NGF knockdown enhanced GC proliferation and repressed apoptosis by upregulating PCNA and downregulating BAX, whereas NGF overexpression exerted opposite effects. Furthermore, rescue experiments confirmed that NGF knockdown reversed the effects of GDF5 knockdown, thereby restoring GC proliferation and suppressing apoptosis, while NGF overexpression attenuated the pro-proliferation and anti-apoptosis functions of GDF5 overexpression. Altogether, these results demonstrated that GDF5 regulated GC proliferation and apoptosis via the NGF pathway, providing novel insights into the regulatory network governing follicular development.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASAS-NANP SYMPOSIUM: MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN ANIMAL NUTRITION: Retrieval Augmented Generation for Large Language Models","authors":"John Gottula","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag309","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The rapid growth of scientific literature and other unstructured materials has made agricultural decision support increasingly complex. Students, extension agents, inspectors, and private sector researchers increasingly rely on large language models (LLM). These models can produce incomplete, overly cautious, or erroneous responses. We outline how LLM offers a possible opportunity for the animal science discipline, describe what LLM do well and where they fall short, and explain how retrieval-augmented generation reduces fabrication and improves relevance. We present a case study that builds a compact index from the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) inspection narratives for Agricultural Research Service bird facilities and show how those passages ground concise answers for nutritionists in that audience. We propose an integrated system in which frontline decision makers gain access to LLM while accessing sound information through a lens of subject-matter expertise.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149092168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic effects of dietary shifts and temporal variation on the rumen microbiota of dairy goats differing in SARA tolerance","authors":"Jinhui He,Jingyi Xu,Yiyang Sun,Wei Liu,Junhu Yao,Yangchun Cao,Shengru Wu","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag322","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disorder observed in intensive dairy production systems and is frequently associated with disruptions in rumen microbial homeostasis. In this study, a SARA model was successfully constructed by increasing the proportion of dietary concentrate and rumen-degradable starch (RDS) to examine the dynamic succession of the rumen microbiota across individuals. Forty-seven dairy goats were selected and classified into a control group (CON), low-RDS susceptible/tolerant groups (LRDSS/LRDST), and high-RDS susceptible/tolerant groups (HRDSS/HRDST) according to diet composition and individual sensitivity to SARA. Analysis of the microbial community revealed that the rumen microbiota of healthy and SARA-tolerant goats exhibited a high degree of structural similarity, whereas that of SARA-susceptible individuals underwent a pronounced compositional shift. These microbial shifts were accompanied by distinct alterations in rumen fermentation patterns, characterized by changes in volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles, indicating functional divergence between tolerant and susceptible goats during SARA development. Notably, the relative abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas exhibited opposing trends between tolerant and susceptible goats and was identified as a key discriminant genus in microbial clustering. Moreover, random forest analysis revealed Candidatus_Saccharimonas as one of the most influential taxa contributing to rumen microbial differentiation, suggesting that it may serve as a potential microbial biomarker for distinguishing dairy goats in terms of SARA susceptibility or tolerance. Collectively, these findings suggest that Candidatus_Saccharimonas plays a crucial role in maintaining rumen microecological stability and enhancing the tolerance mechanisms of ruminants against SARA.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RGFP966 Exhibits an LH-Like Efficacy in Promoting Tan Sheep Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Developmental Competence","authors":"Xiangyan Wang,Pengfei Li,Donghuan Lv,Yan Zhang,Zhipeng Qi,Jiaqi Shi,Young Tang,Qiang Chen,Xinfeng Liu","doi":"10.1093/jas/skag321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skag321","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract RGFP966 is a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). This study aimed to evaluate whether HDAC3 inhibition could promote in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequent embryo development in Tan sheep oocytes, and to compare its efficacy with luteinizing hormone (LH). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that HDAC3 expression was significantly decreased in metaphase II (MII) oocytes compared to the germinal vesicle (GV) stage (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Western blotting verified that RGFP966 suppressed HDAC3 deacetylase activity in Tan sheep granulosa cells, increasing the acetylation of downstream substrates H3K9ac, H3K14ac and H4K5ac (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Treatment with RGFP966 significantly promoted polar body 1 (PB1) extrusion, achieving a maturation rate comparable to the LH-treated group. Mechanistically, RGFP966 treatment significantly enhanced mitochondrial distribution (P &amp;lt; 0.01), upregulated GPX4 expression (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and accordingly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Moreover, RGFP966 significantly decreased the rate of spindle/chromosome misalignment (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and reduced early apoptosis (indicated by reduced Annexin-V staining) in MII oocytes (P &amp;lt; 0.001), without inducing additional DNA double strand breaks, as evidenced by unchanged γH2AX levels. Subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) demonstrated that the 2-cell cleavage and blastocyst rates of oocytes matured with RGFP966 were comparable to those of the LH group, and the resultant blastocysts exhibited normal expression patterns of lineage markers (CDX2 and SOX2). In conclusion, HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 promotes Tan sheep oocyte IVM and subsequent developmental competence with an efficacy equivalent to LH. This process relies on alleviating oxidative stress by enhancing mitochondrial distribution and GPX4 expression, while preserving genomic stability during meiosis. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of HDAC3 inhibitors as effective additives in ovine IVM systems.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}