咸淡水天然来源对高山奶山羊产奶量和乳成分的影响。

IF 2.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI:10.1093/jas/skaf300.739

Hirut Y Yirga, Woldemariam Dawit, Ryszard Puchala, Dereje T Gulich, Carlos Alvarado, Amlan K Patra

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在评价美国地质调查局（USGS）不同水分类对泌乳期高山奶山羊产奶量和成分的影响。该实验涉及32只阿尔卑斯奶山羊，为期六周。饮用水处理分为淡水（FRW）、西部牧场半咸淡水（BRW）、USGS 2组水（GR-2）、USGS 3组水（GR-3）和未分类水组（G-UC）。这些处理的总溶解固形物（TDS）含量分别为383±119、6385±356、3099±227、5410±125和2567±165 g/L水。山羊饲喂由50%的饲料和50%的精料组成的混合日粮，在体重4%时交付，空气干燥。记录每日产奶量，并在第0、3和6周的早晚挤奶时采集牛奶样本。不同水处理的产奶量相似（P=0.180， SEM=0.238）， FRW、BRW、GR-2、GR-3和G-UC的平均产奶量分别为2.4、2.4、1.88、2.16和1.74 kg/d。然而，产奶量随时间变化显著（P< 0.001； SEM=0.122），与前几周相比，在第5周和第6周下降。0、1、2、3、4、5和6周的周平均体重分别为2.31、2.23、2.21、2.21、2.14、1.88和1.81公斤/天。牛奶成分参数，包括乳脂、真蛋白和乳糖水平，不受水处理或时间的影响。FRW、BRW、GR-2、GR-3和G-UC的乳脂含量分别为3.33、3.29、3.87、4.30和3.5%；0,3,6周分别为3.67,3.76和3.52%。FRW、BRW、GR-2、GR-3、G-UC的真蛋白百分比分别为2.64、2.67、2.60、2.69、2.76% (P=0.844)；第0、3、6周分别为2.65%、2.59%和2.78%。不同水处理牛奶样品的乳糖水平也相似（FRW、BRW、GR-2、GR-3和G-UC的SEM分别为4.41、4.35、4.54、4.43和4.53%,SEM = 0.062）；第0、3、6周分别为4.48、4.48、4.40%。乳尿素水平在不同水处理间呈差异趋势（P=0.055）， FRW、BRW、GR-2、GR-3和G-UC的水平分别为18.9、18.4、20.8、23.9和20.8 mg/dl。此外，牛奶尿素水平随着时间的推移而增加，在第0、3和6周分别平均为18.96、20.39和22.38 mg/dL （P=0.025； SEM=0.917）。综上所述，饮水处理对产奶量及大部分成分参数无显著影响。这表明高山奶山羊在饮用西部牧场、美国地质调查局第2组、第3组和未分类来源的微咸水时表现出适应力。

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PSIX-19 Effects of natural sources of brackish water on milk yield and composition of Alpine dairy goats.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various United States Geological Survey (USGS) water classifications on the milk yield and composition of lactating Alpine dairy goats. The experiment involved 32 Alpine dairy goats over a six-week period. Drinking water treatments were categorized as fresh water (FRW), West Pasture brackish water (BRW), USGS group 2 water (GR-2), USGS group 3 water (GR-3), and an unclassified water group (G-UC). The total dissolved solids (TDS) content for these treatments measured 383±119, 6385±356, 3099±227, 5410±125, and 2567±165 g/L of water, respectively. Goats were fed a total mixed ration comprising 50% forage and 50% concentrate, delivered at 4% body weight on an air-dry basis. Daily milk production was recorded, and milk samples were collected during both morning and evening milkings at weeks 0, 3, and 6. Milk yield was similar among water treatments (P=0.180, SEM=0.238), with averages values of 2.4, 2.4, 1.88, 2.16, and 1.74 kg/day for FRW, BRW, GR-2, GR-3, and G-UC, respectively. However, milk yield varied significantly over time (P< 0.001; SEM=0.122), declining in weeks 5 and 6 compared to earlier weeks. Weekly averages were 2.31, 2.23, 2.21, 2.21, 2.14, 1.88, and 1.81 kg/day for weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Milk composition parameters, including butterfat, true protein and lactose levels, were unaffected by water treatments or time. Butterfat percentages were 3.33, 3.29, 3.87, 4.30, and 3.5% for FRW, BRW, GR-2, GR-3, and G-UC, respectively; and 3.67, 3.76, and 3.52% for week 0, 3, and 6, respectively. True protein percentages were 2.64, 2.67, 2.60, 2.69, and 2.76% for FRW, BRW, GR-2, GR-3, and G-UC, respectively (P=0.844); and 2.65, 2.59, and 2.78% for week 0, 3, and 6, respectively. Lactose levels of milk samples were also similar among water treatments (4.41, 4.35, 4.54, 4.43, and 4.53%, SEM = 0.062 for FRW, BRW, GR-2, GR-3, and G-UC, respectively); and 4.48, 4.48, and 4.40% for week 0, 3, and 6, respectively. Milk urea levels, however, exhibited a trend toward variation among water treatments (P=0.055), with levels of 18.9, 18.4, 20.8, 23.9, and 20.8 mg/dl for FRW, BRW, GR-2, GR-3, and G-UC, respectively. Additionally, milk urea levels increased over time, averaging 18.96, 20.39, and 22.38 mg/dL at weeks 0, 3, and 6, respectively (P=0.025; SEM=0.917). In conclusion, drinking water treatments had no significant impact on milk yield or most composition parameters. This suggests that Alpine dairy goats exhibit resilience when consuming brackish water from West Pasture, USGS group 2, group 3, and unclassified sources.

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来源期刊

Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

1589

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.