Journal of animal science最新文献

{"title":"PSVII-29 The Nebraska Beef Industry Scholars Program develops employability skills and improves career development","authors":"Kacie L McCarthy, Lisa Karr","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.917","url":null,"abstract":"The Nebraska Beef Industry Scholars (NBIS) program is designed to bring elite undergraduate students together to learn more about issues that affect beef production, network with industry leaders, and develop leadership skills in the beef industry. Therefore, our objectives were to better understand how prepared the NBIS students are for a career related to beef cattle post-graduation by completing a survey. The procedures of the survey were reviewed and approved by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln’s Institutional Review Board (IRB #19684). The assessment was provided to graduates of the program via an email list provided by the college. The survey was sent to 78 students who completed the NBIS program (certificate or minor) between 2010 and 2018 in the Animal Science Department at University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Survey results were summarized and means and standard deviations were calculated for individual statements in the Likert scale format and were considered significant if the average was greater than 3. Fifty-one students responded to the survey, 51% of respondents were female, 72.5% majored in Animal Science with the remaining respondents majoring in Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication (21.6 and 5.9%, respectively). In terms of the NBIS program preparing students for a career, 22 respondents felt very satisfied with educational experiences through the NBIS program, whereas 14 respondents were extremely satisfied. Thirty-five respondents noted that they are currently working in the beef industry and 27 of them had found a job at graduation. Twenty-six students felt that the NBIS program provided a great deal of networking opportunities throughout their program which prepared them for their career. Overall, students who have completed the NBIS program value the experiences gained and felt prepared going into careers relative to the beef industry.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"504 Relationship between vaginal microbiota and reproductive efficiency in dairy cows","authors":"Erika J Félix Santiago, Delia X Vega Manríquez, Milagros González Hernández, Jorge Flores Sánchez, Andrea García Mendoza, Cesar A Rosales Nieto","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.170","url":null,"abstract":"Intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the milk production of a dairy herd, which is affected by the reproductive efficiency of dairy farms. Infectious, nutritional, and management causes can negatively affect this efficiency. After parturition, dairy cows are sensible to clinical diseases since the physical barriers of the cervix, vagina, and vulva are compromised, allowing environmental bacteria to ascend, altering the vaginal microbiota. It is possible that the alteration of the microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota alters the response of circulating hormones related to a new conception and leads to repeat breeder cow syndrome. Repeat breeder cow (RBC) syndrome is considered when the cows have difficulties becoming pregnant after three or more attempts. This was investigated by associating the microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota with the circulating concentration of progesterone, glucose, and reproductive success in Holstein cows. We used 30 Holstein cows of similar body condition and parity (4th) assigned to two treatments based on their historical reproductive success. T-RBC with repeat breeder cow syndrome (n = 15), and T-control (CTL) without (n = 15). At insemination, we collected a vaginal mucosa sample from each cow. The samples were plated on blood agar and McConkey media under aerobiosis and micro-aerobiosis conditions. The isolated colonies were identified through Gram staining and specific biochemical tests to determine the genus and species of each bacterium. Blood samples were collected at insemination, d 5 post insemination, and every 2 d afterward for progesterone and glucose assay. Data for fertility were analyzed using PROC-GLIMMIX with a binomial distribution and logit link function. Data for progesterone and glucose were analyzed using MIXED effects and repetitive measures. Up to date, Bacillus, E coli, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Streptococcus, and Actinomyces have been isolated. Over time, circulating progesterone and glucose did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05). To date, the fertility rate is similar between treatments (33%; P > 0.05); however, the number of services per conception differed (T-RBC:6 vs T-CTL:1; P < 0.001). The incidence of Bacillus (31% vs 7%; P < 0.001), E. coli (45% vs 4%; P < 0.001), and Staphylococcus (23% vs 9%; P < 0.01) was greater in non-pregnant cows than in pregnant cows. The incidence of the rest of the isolated bacteria was similar between pregnant and non-pregnant cows (P > 0.05). This study suggests that the vaginal microbiota in dairy cows can change according to the reproductive state of the cow. Our study was based on fourth-parity cows; however, more research is needed to elucidate if the same condition is presented in cows with different parity.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVII-7 Putative epigenetic regulating fatty acids content in muscle of Nelore cattle","authors":"Juliana Afonso, Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso, Jennifer Jéssica Bruscadin, Andressa Oliveira de Lima, Wellison Jarles Silva Da Diniz, Gerson Barreto Mourao, Aline Silve Mello Cesar, Adhemar Zerlotini, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho, Marina R S Fortes, Luciana Correia Almeida de Regitano","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.505","url":null,"abstract":"Fatty acid (FA) content has a significant role in the quality and nutritional composition of beef. However, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms governing FA content in beef are not fully understood. Therefore, we identified putative regulatory genes potentially modulating FA content in Nelore cattle muscle that are also being epigenetically repressed. These genes are called discordantly regulated genes (DRGs). We used genome-wide expression data from muscle samples of Nelore steers, which were selected based on contrasting levels of five specific fatty acids. Our study cohort comprised 15 muscle samples per contrasting group, sourced from an experimental breeding herd, born between 2009 and 2011 and assayed on feedlot at the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA/Brazil). These animals were sired by 34 unrelated bulls representing prominent genealogies prevalent in Brazil during that period. We identified 48 unique DRGs associated with the content of at least one FA. There were 24 DRGs for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 32 for oleic acid (OA), 26 for palmitic acid (PA), 22 for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 22 for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These DRGs have crucial roles in developmental and differentiation processes, aligning with expectations for genes under epigenetic regulation. Notably, 10 DRGs were identified as common regulators across all five FAs (COMP, HOXC10, LBX1, PAX7, PITX2, SIM2, SOX17, TBX15, TBX3 and ZIC4); five DRGs were previously published differentially expressed genes for CLA, 25 were annotated as known bovine transcription factors and one as a known bovine transcription cofactor, further supporting their regulatory potential. To investigate genetic variants associated with epigenetically regulated genomic regions linked to FA traits, we conducted association tests with SNPs proximal to the transcription start sites (TSS) of DRGs. For that we considered a window of 10 kb for each side, and the previously published genetic estimated breeding value for the fatty acids in the study. We identified a significant SNP, rs110498194, associated with CLA (FDR < 0.05). This SNP is within an intron of the PITX2 gene, located 7,537 bp downstream of its TSS. PITX2 is a DRG for all five FA and is a known bovine transcription factor. To validate the presence of epigenetic elements within the genomic region associated with CLA, we examined two bovine muscle samples from the FAANG project using the UCSC Genome Browser. We identified ATAC-Seq and ChIP-Seq peaks for CTCF, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, H3K4me1 and H3K4me3, indicating active epigenetic regulation in these genomic regions. Despite the limitations in our predictions, stemming from the enrichment of cell differentiation-related processes and reliance on human-based data, our findings highlight candidate genes implicated in the regulation of fatty acid content in bovine muscle, potentially repressed by epigenetic mechanisms and a SNP involved in this regulation for CLA.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"35 Beneficial role of 1.3,.1.6 yeast beta glucan in pet health","authors":"Julie Schulthess, Achraf A Leseaux, Rodolphe Rabot","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.144","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta-glucans (BG) have gained increasing attention for their diverse health-promoting properties in both humans and animals. Yeast beta-glucans are polysaccharides known for their immunomodulatory effects, which have been extensively studied in various animal models. Especially when they are coming from yeasts, these polysaccharides exhibit the ability to train the innate immune system in particular monocytes and macrophages, enhancing phagocytosis, cytokine production, and overall immune response. A number of studies have already shown that 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta glucans can address several pet health specific concerns, such as periodontal disease, atopy, osteoarthritis, diabetes. At Phileo, we conducted a trial where canine monocytes and macrophages were trained with a proprietary 1.3, 1.6 yeast beta glucan to identify whether those canine phagocytes could benefit from the training by 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG. Our results show that canine phagocytes cultured in presence of 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG display a greater cytokines production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-12. Those data are really encouraging as IL12 is essential to initiate T cell responses against pathogens. These benefits against pathogens have shown reduced incidences of infections, subsequently reducing the reliance on antibiotics and enhancing sustainability. Several examples will be given on species close to dogs. Taking these results all together, the inclusion of 1.3, 1.6 yeast BG in pet diets or supplements offer a promising avenue for enhancing their health. Their multifaceted benefits, including immunomodulation or inflammatory control, make them valuable purified actives in the pet care industry.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVI-16 An evaluation using a visual health scoring system with vaginal temperatures of newly received feedlot heifers on immune status","authors":"Mackenzie M Smithyman, Mark E Branine, Consuelo A Sowers, Glenn C Duff, Clint A Loest","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.611","url":null,"abstract":"Newly received feedlot cattle often experience immune function impairment caused by stressors such as marketing and transportation, resulting in bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Morbidity is often visually detected and medically treated by implementing a 4-point scoring system based on depression, appetite, respiration, and temperature (DART). Using DART scoring, cattle are treated with antimicrobial medications for BRD if they have a rectal temperature (RT) ≥ 40°C and a DART = 2 (scale = 1 to 4), or if they have a DART ≥ 3 regardless of the 40°C RT threshold. However, cattle often exhibit visible clinical symptoms of BRD but do not have a RT ≥ 40°C threshold to warrant medical treatment. Immune status can be measured using a nanotechnology-based immunity test (D2Dx). The objective of this study was to evaluate newly received feedlot heifers on subsequent health status using the DART scoring system and D2Dx values during a 28-d receiving period. Crossbred heifers [n = 198; initial body weight (BW) = 219 ± 63 kg] were initially processed, weighed, and allocated to one of 10 soil-surfaced pens (12 x 35 m; 20 heifers per pen). A blank controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) device attached with indwelling temperature probe (iButton DS1925L) was inserted vaginally into each heifer to record vaginal temperature (VT) every 10 min for 28 d. All heifers were evaluated daily (0700 h) for signs of morbidity by three individuals (blinded from each other) implementing DART scoring. Individual DART evaluations were then pooled prior to determination of heifers needing further evaluation for medical treatment. Serum was collected on d 1, 28, and when a heifer was brought to the chute and evaluated for medical treatment (PULL). Initial D2Dx values were not different (P ≥ 0.54) between healthy and morbid heifers upon feedlot arrival. Heifers with DART ≥ 2 that were treated for BRD had decreased (P ≤ 0.05) D2Dx values than healthy heifers with DART = 0. The D2Dx values were not different (P ≥ 0.15) between heifers with DART = 2 and DART = 3. Upon feedlot arrival, D2Dx values were low for all heifers and increased (P ≤ 0.05) by the 1st and 2nd PULL. By d 28, D2Dx values were greater (P ≤ 0.01) than both d 0 and all total PULL. Average VT decreased (P ≤ 0.01) from d 0 to 28, implying heifer health status improved by d 28 as D2Dx values increased. In this study, morbidity cannot be determined by D2Dx values upon arrival. Employing the DART scoring method accompanied with the D2Dx immunity test provided an overview of how effective clinical BRD can be diagnosed. Therefore, contributing to the improvement and development of more effective strategies for identifying respiratory diseases in feedlot cattle.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"363 Effects of supplementation of vitamin B complex on the performance of beef calves during a 42-d preconditioning program","authors":"Erica Ferri, Aline Rezende, Ana Laura Ramalho, Carlos Eduardo Dos Santos, Matheus Ferreira, Jeff S Heldt, Chance G Farmer, Juliana Ranches","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.086","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation of vitamin B complex on post-weaning performance of beef calves. The study was conducted during fall of 2023 at Eastern Oregon Agriculture Research Center (EOARC; Burns, OR). At weaning (d 0), 63 calves [Angus × Hereford; body weight (BW) = 252 ± 3.6 kg] were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) Control, 2) VitB1, or 3) VitB2. Calves assigned to Control treatment served as a negative control and were not supplemented with vitamin B complex. Calves assigned to treatment VitB1 were supplemented at 1g/calf daily, while calves assigned to VitB2 treatment were supplemented at 2g/calf daily of vitamin B complex during the 42 d of preconditioning. Upon weaning processing, calves were allocated to 21 pens (3 calves/pen) and treatments were allocated to each pen (7 pens/treatment). Vitamin B complex [Vivalto, pantothenic acid (B5; 40,000 mg/kg), pyridoxine (B6; 20,000 mg/kg), folic acid (B9; 3,200 mg/kg), biotin (B7; 3,200,000 mcg/kg), cobalamin (B12; 320,000 mcg/kg); Selko USA, Indianapolis, IN] supplementation was offered at pen level beginning on d 1 and until the end of the preconditioning phase (d 42). Vitamin B complex was offered to calves assigned to vitamin B complex treatment mixed with 1.3 kg of dried distiller’s grains. Additionally, calves had free access to chopped alfalfa-grass hay mix and whole corn. Pen intake was recorded daily. On d 0, BW and blood samples were collected from all calves. Additional blood and BW were collected on d 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 42 post-weaning. Body weights were used to calculate calf average daily gain (ADG) and blood samples were assayed for acute phase proteins (ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin). Additional blood samples will be analyzed for cortisol and vitamin B concentrations. Variables were analyzed considering pen as the experimental unit and pen(treatment) as a random effect. Blood variables were evaluated as repeated measures and effects of treatment, day, and treatment the interactions were analyzed with the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. No treatment effects (P = 0.98) were observed for final BW (283, 283, and 284 kg respectively for Control, Vit1, and Vit2) or for ADG (P = 0.53; 0.735, 0.795, and 0.747 kg/d respectively for Control, Vit1, and Vit2). Similarly, no treatment effects were observed for the acute phase proteins analyzed, ceruloplasmin (P = 0.66; 27, 30, and 33 µg/dL respectively for Control, Vit1, and Vit2) and haptoglobin (P = 0.41; 0.55, 0.62, and 0.59 mg/mL, respectively for Control, Vit1, and Vit2). Supplementation of vitamin B complex to beef calves post-weaning does not seem to affect calf performance, regardless of the level of supplementation.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSVI-24 Gene expression profiles of granulosa and peripheral white blood cells from fertile and sub-fertile beef heifers","authors":"Priyanka Banerjee, Wellison Jarles Silva Da Diniz, Paul W W Dyce","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.635","url":null,"abstract":"Beef heifer fertility issues contribute to a major economic loss in the cow-calf production industry. Therefore, identifying beef heifers with superior genetic potential for improved fertility would increase profitability. This study aimed to identify differences in the transcriptome profiles from granulosa and peripheral white blood cells (pWBCs) of beef heifers with varying reproductive potential. For this, Angus-Simmental crossbred heifers were subjected to an estrus synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) protocol (7-D CO-Synch + CIDR) followed by exposure for 60-d to a fertile bull. Depending on the presence or absence of conceptus 120 d post-AI, heifers were classified as fertile (pregnant by AI) or sub-fertile (non-pregnant by AI or bull-breeding). Pregnancies were terminated, and all animals in both groups (fertile, n = 8; and sub-fertile, n = 5) were cycling when the blood and ovaries were collected from each heifer. Total RNA was extracted from the pWBCs and granulosa cells and subjected to library preparation and sequencing on the Nova-Seq platform. The read counts were obtained after data quality control using FastQC v0.11.9 and MultiQC v1.12 and alignment to the Ensemble’s ARS UCD1.2 Bos taurus genome reference using STAR aligner v2.7.5. The filtered data were subjected to differential expression analysis using DESeq2. We identified 1,061 and 72 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with P-values ≤ 0.05 and absolute (log2 fold change) ≥ 0.5 from pWBC and granulosa, respectively. Notably, 12 targets including 9 protein coding genes (PLCL1, DNER, GNAS, CDH3, PER1, ITGA2B, CXCL12, ENSBTAG00000048613, ENSBTAG00000051519), bta-mir-2887-1, 5-8S-rRNA and U5 were found as DEGs in both the tissues. Based on a differential co-expression analysis using PCIT, we identified GNAS and DNER as hub genes in pWBC and the granulosa cells of the sub-fertile heifer group. The 12 shared genes were over-represented for pathways such as NF kappa B and chemokine signaling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and platelet activation. Some of the identified genes have been previously associated with fertility, while others are novel. A detailed understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of the top genes and a follow-up study with a larger sample size at different time points could validate the candidates identified in this study for their role as potential therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"338 Classroom mental wellness exercise improves wellness domains","authors":"Kari K Turner, John M Gonzalez","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.473","url":null,"abstract":"Poor mental health is a rising problem in undergraduate students, with anxiety and depression leading mental health issues. Insufficient or low physical activity, social isolation, and loneliness are among risk factors that predict mental health issues. Increased demand for already limited mental health resources such as counseling, combined with the stigma surrounding mental health has led to many issues going untreated. Mental health can be comprised of several domains such as academic, physical, emotional, financial, occupational, and stage of life. Improving individual domains will improve overall mental wellness. The objective of this study was to improve mental wellness in individual domains by discussing mental health and encouraging undergraduate students to reduce predictive factors and specifically focus on self-selected wellness domains. Following a 60-min classroom discussion in an animal science course on the prevalence of mental health issues and the common wellness domains (Academic, Emotional, Financial, Interpersonal, Occupational, Physical, and Stage of Life) students (n = 24) rated their current feeling of wellness in each domain on a Likert-scale of 0 (totally lacking) to 6 (completely fulfilled) in an anonymous Qualtrics survey. Strategies on improving the different wellness domains were then discussed, and students were placed into groups based on common domains they would like to improve, and the groups helped individual members identify semester personal goals. A class-wide social media group was formed, and students were given bonus points for posting pictures and texts of progression towards their goals. To encourage participation and support from group members, groups were awarded additional bonus points for having the greatest member activity. After 12 wk, students were given a post-course survey to rate their wellness domain fulfillments, as well as report the amount of time dedicated to improving the specific domains. Pre-and post-course wellness fulfillment ratings were compared using the Mann-Whitney-U Test in SPSS, and Spearman’s rho was used to determine correlations between post-fulfillment ratings and time dedicated to each domain. Fulfillment of Emotional and Physical increased following the exercise (P ≤ 0.016), and Academic tended to increase (P = 0.079). Time spent fulfilling a specific domain was positively correlated with the respective domain for Academic (P = 0.003), Emotional (P < 0.001), Interpersonal (P = 0.006), Physical (P < 0.001), and Stage of Life (P < 0.001) and tended to be positively correlated (P = 0.084) for Occupational. There was no correlation between time spent fulfilling the Financial domain and Financial fulfillment score (P = 0.183). Employing open classroom discussions about mental health and encouraging students to become proactive in their strategies for improving specific mental wellness domains increases their feelings of fulfillment in those domains.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"109 Dam and calf influences on colostrum yield and quality in beef cattle","authors":"Allison M Meyer, Colby A Redifer, Abigail R Rathert-Williams","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.318","url":null,"abstract":"To determine factors affecting colostrum yield and quality, data from 148 cow-calf pairs over 6 experiments were combined. In each experiment, single rear quarter colostrum yield was obtained post-calving but pre-suckling. Colostrum IgG was determined by ELISA, and colostrum lactose, triglycerides (as a measure of total fat), and protein were determined by colorimetric analyses. Total IgG and nutrients were calculated as the concentration multiplied by single-quarter yield. Calf birth weight and expelled placental dry weight were also collected post-calving. Mixed linear models (experiment as a random effect) were used to determine the effects of dam age (primiparous: 2 yr, young: 3 to 4 yr, mature: ≥ 5 yr), dam peripartum body condition score (BCS; thin: < 5, moderate: 5 to 5.99, fleshy: ≥ 6), and calf sex on colostrum yield (single-quarter colostrum weight) and quality. Pearson correlation coefficients were also determined for colostrum yield with dam pre-calving body weight (BW), calf birth weight, calf birth weight relative to dam BW, whole placental dry weight, and gestation length. Mature dams had the greatest (P ≤ 0.03) and primiparous dams had the least (P ≤ 0.001) colostrum yield and total lactose. Colostrum from primiparous dams had greater (P = 0.03) IgG concentration than mature and greater (P ≤ 0.001) protein concentration than young and mature. Mature dams had greater (P ≤ 0.02) total IgG, total protein, and total triglycerides compared with both primiparous and young. Colostrum yield was less (P ≤ 0.04) for thin than moderate and fleshy dams. Total IgG was unaffected (P = 0.11) by dam BCS; however, thin dams had greater (P ≤ 0.04) IgG concentration than moderate and fleshy. Lactose concentration and total lactose were less (P ≤ 0.02) in colostrum from thin compared with moderate dams. Protein concentration was greater (P = 0.001) in thin than moderate dams, but thin dams had less (P ≤ 0.02) total protein compared with moderate and fleshy. Dam BCS did not affect (P ≥ 0.59) colostrum triglyceride concentration or total triglycerides. Colostrum yield and quality were not affected (P ≥ 0.22) by calf sex. Pre-calving dam BW was positively correlated with colostrum yield (r = 0.46, P < 0.001). Colostrum yield was also positively correlated with calf birth weight (r = 0.31, P < 0.001) and whole placental dry weight (r = 0.26, P = 0.007), but tended to be negatively correlated with calf birth weight relative to dam BW (r = -0.14, P = 0.09). Gestation length had no relationship (P = 0.31) with colostrum yield. Overall, colostrum yield and quality are negatively affected in young and thin beef dams. In addition, both dam and calf weight have positive relationships with colostrum yield, likely mediated by endocrine action associated with placental size.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"252 Evaluating the impact of inclusion of field pea (Pisum sativum) on rumen fermentation profile, production parameters, and composition of rumen bacterial community of dairy cattle","authors":"Arezoo Alizadeh, Hooman Derakhshani, Jan Cornelis Plaizier","doi":"10.1093/jas/skae234.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.403","url":null,"abstract":"Field peas (FP) are characterized by a crude protein (CP) content ranging from 24% to 28% of dry matter (DM). Approximately 78% of this protein is rumen degradable. Hence, FP can be a viable alternative protein source for livestock. We examined the effect of partially substituting corn-based concentrates with FP on production parameters, rumen fermentation profile, and the composition of the rumen bacterial community in lactating dairy cows. Lactating, non-pregnant Holstein cows (n = 12) were used in a repeated 3 × 3 Latin square with 21-d experimental periods, with the last 7 d used for sample and data collection. Cows were fed a basal TMR (control), or partially mixed diets to which 3.9% (LP), or 7.8% DM (HP) of FP were added. The control diet contained on a DM basis 17.4% CP, 4.5% crude fat, 28.0% starch, and an estimated 1.67 Mcal/kg of net energy for lactation (NEL). The FP contained 22.5% CP, 1.67% crude fat, 44.7% starch, and an estimated 1.81 Mcal NEL/kg. The rumen bacterial composition was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cows fed the HP diet had greater (P < 0.05) ruminal ammonia (NH3-N), milk urea nitrogen (MUN), and plasma urea concentrations than those fed control and LP diets. Digestibility of DM was greater (P < 0.05) for cows fed control and LP diets than for cows fed the HP diet. The CP total tract digestibility decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of peas in the diet. Compared with the control, the HP diet tended (P = 0.09) to increase the total ruminal concentration of branched-chain volatile fatty acids. The addition of FP to the diets did not affect the alpha diversity, as indicated by Shannon’s index, and the beta diversity of the rumen bacterial community [p(PERMANOVA) = 0.97]. However, the relative abundances of several bacterial taxa, including amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging to Bacteroidia, Clostridia, and Gammaproteobacteria decreased in response to the addition of FP to the diet. Taken together, our results suggest that up to an inclusion rate of 7.8% DM, FP can be included in corn grain-based diets of lactating dairy cows without adverse effects on milk yield, milk composition, rumen fermentation characteristics, and rumen microbial composition.","PeriodicalId":14895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of animal science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}