Iranian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular evaluation of colistin resistance in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains isolated from patients in hospitals of Qom province.","authors":"Murtaza Sadaqat, Elahe Mahmoodi Khaledi, Mehri Haeili","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21301","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Colistin is considered as one of the last antibiotic choices for addressing infections resulting from multidrug-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae.</i> Nevertheless, the rising resistance to colistin is emerging as a growing threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to colistin in a clinical isolate of <i>K. pneumoniae.</i></p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Colistin resistance was confirmed through antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the sequence type was identified using Multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The molecular mechanism of colistin resistance was investigated by sequence analysis of resistance-associated loci, including <i>mgrB</i>, <i>pmrAB</i>, <i>phoPQ</i>, <i>crrAB</i>, and PCR detection of plasmid-mediated <i>mcr</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the studied 38 clinical <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates, one strain was colistin-resistant, which belonged to sequence type ST377. PCR results showed that the colistin resistance genes carried by plasmid (<i>mcr-1</i> to <i>mcr-4</i>) were not present. While gene sequencing revealed wild-type <i>pmrAB</i> and <i>phoPQ</i>, the <i>mgrB</i> and <i>crrA</i> genes were found to be disrupted by insertion of IS elements in the promoter (position-45) and coding regions (position +365/+366), respectively. Moreover, a Q296L amino acid substitution was detected in CrrB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that resistance to colistin in the <i>K. pneumoniae</i> ST377 isolate was mainly mediated by inactivation of MgrB and CrrA without the involvement of <i>mcr</i> plasmid genes or <i>pmrAB</i> or <i>phoPQ</i> genetic alterations. To our knowledge, no previous study has reported insertion sequence-mediated disruption of the <i>crrA</i> coding region in <i>K. pneumoniae.</i> The results highlighted the complexity of chromosomal resistance mechanisms and the importance of molecular surveillance in managing colistin-resistant infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> isolates from gastrointestinal patients.","authors":"Adeleh Attar, Parastoo Asadolahi, Maryam Mohammadbeigi, Amir Peymani, Amir Javadi, Rasoul Samimi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21299","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The expanding antibiotic resistance of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> isolates is a critical concern for global health. This research aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PMQR genes, including <i>qnrA1-6</i>, <i>qnrB4</i>, <i>qnrB1</i>, <i>qnrS</i>, <i>qepA</i>, and <i>aac(6')Ib-cr</i>, among <i>H. pylori</i> strains isolated from patients at Qazvin Hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, 212 patients with gastrointestinal diseases who were referred to Qazvin Hospital underwent endoscopy, and gastric biopsies were collected. <i>H. pylori</i> isolates were confirmed by biochemical and molecular tests. PCR was performed to detect the virulence genes <i>babA2</i> and <i>sabA</i>. Subsequently, the presence of the PMQR genes <i>qnrA1-6</i>, <i>qnrB4</i>, <i>qnrS</i>, <i>qnrB1</i>, <i>qepA</i>, and <i>aac(6')Ib-cr</i> were molecularly identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>149 (70%) of isolates were phenotypically and molecularly confirmed as <i>H. pylori</i> isolates. Of the 149 isolates, 102 isolates (68.45%) with <i>babA2</i> and 120 isolates (80.53%) with <i>sabA</i> genes were identified. frequencies of the genes <i>qnrA1-6</i>, <i>qnrB4</i>, <i>qnrB1</i>, and <i>qepA</i> were 8 (5.36%), 4 (2.68%), 12 (8.05%), and 13 (8.72%), respectively. Notably, <i>qnrS</i> and <i>aac(6') Ib-cr</i> genes were not detected in isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study confirm that regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes is essential to prevent the further spread of PMQR resistance genes and to optimize clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"226-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq.","authors":"Sarah A Al-Khafaji, Firas Srhan Abd Al-Mayahi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21300","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Fluoroquinolones represent a class of antibiotics commonly used to manage <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections. The appearance of fluoroquinolone resistance in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> represents a critical challenge to healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between January and December 2024, 650 clinical specimens were collected from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital and Al-Rumaitha Hospital in Al-Muthanna, Iraq. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was identified by conventional biochemical assays and confirmed with the Vitek 2® system. Susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. PCR was conducted to detect plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants, namely <i>qnrA</i>, <i>qnrB</i>, <i>qnrD</i>, <i>qnrS</i>, <i>aac(6')-Ib-cr</i>, and <i>qepA</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 650 specimens analyzed, 374 (57.54%) were positive for bacterial culture, with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> representing 40.10% (150/374) of the identified isolates. Among these, 39 (26%) exhibited resistance to at least one fluoroquinolone used. The most frequently detected gene was <i>qnrB</i> (67.65%), followed by <i>qnrD</i> (61.76%), <i>qnrS</i> (55.88%), <i>aac(6')-Ib-cr</i> (47.00%), and <i>qepA</i> (41.17%), while <i>qnrA</i> and <i>qnrC</i> were not detected in any isolate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fluoroquinolone resistance and widespread occurrence in isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> from Al-Muthanna Province pose a challenge to infection management, as mobile genetic elements facilitate the rapid dissemination of resistance and limit available therapeutic options, emphasizing the necessity for genetic monitoring and effective antibiotic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEV prevalence, risk factors and outcomes in a tertiary care hospital of Uttar Pradesh: a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Sadia Hassaan, Adil Raza, Hiba Sami, Syed Ghazanfar Ali, Islam Ahmad, Nazish Fatima, Mohd Asaad, Mohd Yasir Zubair","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21303","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Acute hepatitis is characterized by inflammation of the liver parenchyma or hepatocellular injury, leading to impaired liver function. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in Asia, including India. This study aimed to investigate the various etiologies of viral hepatitis and analyse the demographic profile and clinical outcomes of HEV infection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study was conducted at the VRDL, Department of Microbiology, JNMCH, Aligarh, and included 1,168 patients presenting with deranged liver function tests and clinical signs of hepatitis between August 2022 and March 2024. Serum samples were tested for HAV (IgM), HBV (HBsAg), HCV (IgM and IgG), and HEV (IgM) using ELISA (Dia Pro, Italy). HEV IgM-positive patients were followed up using a predesigned proforma to assess clinical outcomes and their association with demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,168 samples screened for viral hepatitis markers, 753 (64%) tested positive for Hepatitis A, B, C, or E. HAV was the most common (554 cases, 73.5%), followed by HEV (125 cases, 16.6%). These HEV IgM positive samples were further subjected to RT-PCR, and 34 were positive and 91 negative among them. Most HEV-positive cases were aged 16-30 years, with a mean age of 19.3 ± 12.1 years. A history of consuming unfiltered water was reported in 78% of HEV cases. The highest number of HEV cases were from Jeevangarh (21.6%) and Jamalpur (14.4%), followed by Dodhpur (8.8%) and Nagla Mohalla (8%). Fever (96%) was the most common symptom, followed by jaundice (86%) and abdominal pain (84%). Key risk factors included residing in rural or semi-urban areas, use of public toilets, and overcrowding. Among the 125 HEV IgM-positive patients, only two fatalities were reported; the remaining recovered within 3 to 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HEV is a major cause of acute hepatitis in our region, with sporadic cases year-round and outbreaks peaking during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Most cases originated from areas with poor sanitation and hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"262-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of co-amoxiclav-induced gut microbiota modulation on seizure frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.","authors":"Ali Abbaskhanian, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai, Kobra Sheidaee, Reza Valadan, Masood Mohammadi, Mona Moradi, Golnar Rahimzadeh","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21294","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders; despite advances in antiepileptic medications, approximately 15-30% of patients continue to experience drug-resistant seizures. The ketogenic diet has emerged as an effective non-pharmacological treatment for these individuals. Recent studies suggest that changes in gut microbiota may play a role in the diet's ability to reduce seizures. Given this information, our study aimed to investigate the short-term modulation of gut microbiota through antibiotics influences seizure frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this open-label clinical trial, 20 children with drug-resistant epilepsy were enrolled in 2020 at a tertiary pediatric clinic in Sari, Iran. Participants received oral co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin-clavulanate) at a dose of 40 mg/kg per day for five consecutive days. Seizure frequency was monitored before and after the antibiotic intervention. Stool samples were collected at baseline and immediately following treatment, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to assess all bacterial load as well as the relative abundance of the major gut bacterial groups, Firmicutes and Bacteroides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The short-term course of co-amoxiclav significantly altered the gut microbiota composition, with a notable reduction in Bacteroidetes and a significant increase in all bacterial gene copies, while the abundance of Firmicutes remained largely unchanged. However, there was no statistically significant change in seizure frequency during the 12-week follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although short-term co-amoxiclav treatment modified the gut microbiota, it did not lead to a meaningful reduction in seizure frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. These findings underscore the complexity of the gut-brain axis and suggest that simple, short-term antibiotic interventions may not be sufficient to influence seizure outcomes. Future studies should involve larger, multicenter cohorts, longer treatment durations, and more comprehensive analyses of microbiota profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome signatures associated with iron-deficiency anemia in young adults.","authors":"Reham A Abd El Rahmen, Kawthar Saad Alghamdi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21293","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Iron is vital for both the body of the host and the metabolism of microbes. Pathogenic Enterobacteria need iron to grow and cause disease, but many good gut bacteria, like lactobacilli, do not require as much iron. Changes in the amount of iron available in the gut may therefore affect the makeup of the gut microbiome. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) represents the most prevalent nutritional disorder globally, concerning about 1.24 billion, mostly women and young people in low- and middle-income countries. This cross-sectional study looked at the link between iron-deficiency anemia and the makeup of the gut microbiome in young adults aged 18 to 30.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We looked at hematological and iron status parameters as well as gut microbiota profiling using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Differences in microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and the relative abundance of bacteria that make short-chain fatty acids between people with IDA and healthy controls were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that iron-deficiency anemia is linked to different gut microbiome signatures. This suggests that there may be connections between iron levels and the structure of microbial communities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results show how important it is to study the gut microbiome to understand iron-deficiency anemia. They also show how important it is to do long-term, interventional studies to figure out how these associations work and what they mean for health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"186-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> cell extract on the gene expression of bleomycin hydrolase, puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase, and thimet oligopeptidase in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.","authors":"Rozalin Mardani, Majid Borhaniasl, Mohammad Amin Ghatee, Seyed Abdolmajid Khosravani, Kasra Sharifi, Khodakaram Jahanbin, Asghar Sharifi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21298","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Salmonella enterica</i> survival depends on evading CD8+ T-cell recognition, a process governed by the MHC Class I antigen presentation pathway. The cytosolic aminopeptidases-bleomycin hydrolase (<i>BH</i>), puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (<i>PSA</i>), and thimet oligopeptidase (<i>TOP</i>)-are critical \"final trimmers\" that generate the precise peptide epitopes required for MHC Class I loading. This study investigated whether <i>S. enterica</i> cell extract modulates the transcriptional expression of these key enzymes in HT-29 cells, potentially revealing a mechanism of immune evasion mediated by bacterial structural components.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells were treated with varying concentrations of <i>S. enterica</i> extract. The gene expression levels of <i>BH</i>, <i>PSA</i>, and <i>TOP</i> were quantified using qRT-PCR at multiple time points (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours) post-treatment. Data were statistically analyzed to evaluate significant modulations relative to untreated controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transcriptional response to <i>S. enterica</i> extract was highly selective, with <i>TOP</i> demonstrating the most robust and rapid induction. Significant upregulation of <i>TOP</i> occurred as early as 6 hours post-treatment and reached its maximum induction at 48 hours. Conversely, <i>BH</i> levels remained largely indistinguishable from untreated controls. <i>PSA</i> expression showed no statistically significant alterations relative to the control group throughout the study. These findings suggest that <i>S. enterica</i> components preferentially target the \"terminator\" peptidase <i>TOP</i> to potentially disrupt the MHC Class I antigen presentation pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>S. enterica</i> cell extract significantly and selectively alters the expression of <i>TOP</i>, a critical cytosolic peptidase involved in the final stages of antigen processing. This targeted modulation likely serves as a mechanism for immune evasion by facilitating the destruction of immunogenic epitopes, thereby rendering infected cells less visible to the adaptive immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"217-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact pattern of heavy metals on gut microbiota in the polluted city of Tehran.","authors":"Seyed Mahmoud Barzi, Peyman Naderi, Fatemeh Haririzadeh Jouriani, Mahdi Torkamaneh, Seyed Davar Siadat, Farnaz Shamkani, Seifoddin Javadian, Mina Ebrahimi-Rad, Reza Saghiri, Seyed Ali Nojoumi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21295","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This article focuses on the effects of six heavy metals on gut microbiota, which plays a key role in human health. Gut microbiota plays a key role in metabolism, immunity, and maintaining homeostasis. Heavy metals can affect microbiota composition and function, with health consequences. Consuming large amounts of heavy metals may have harmful impacts, including alteration in microbial composition and bacterial population changes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six heavy metals-cadmium, chromium (toxic metals), copper, zinc, iron, and selenium (beneficial trace elements)-were detected in peripheral blood, serum, or urine, while feces were used for 16S rRNA sequencing. Serum samples from 100 volunteers from Tehran (polluted area) and Firoozkooh (clean city) were collected. Subjects were analyzed for the presence of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>, <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i>, <i>Clostridium clostridioforme</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> and <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> to evaluate correlations between metals and microbial composition using biochemical, microbial, and molecular methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> levels in polluted areas were not significantly different from those in unpolluted areas. <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> in polluted areas was significantly higher compared to non-polluted locations. <i>Clostridium</i>, <i>Akkermansia</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> were significantly lower in polluted areas, amounting to less than half the levels in clean areas. Heavy metal concentrations showed no gender differences in either location.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some heavy metals change intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic profiles, potentially resulting in metabolic diseases and environmental risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"204-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of silica nano particles-based imprinted polymers for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 in human plasma.","authors":"Mona Seyed Attaran, Seyed Masoud Hosseini, Zohreh Sharifi, Mehdi Jahanfar","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21304","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i2.21304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are polymers designed to selectively recognize specific molecules or related compounds. They are created using template molecules, which are later removed, leaving behind cavities tailored to the template's structure. This study aimed to synthesize MIPs for detecting HSV-1 suspended in Human plasma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For synthesizing Silica Nanoparticles and virus-imprinted particles, the Stöber and Sol-gel methods were employed to detect HSV-1 in human plasma. Moreover, ultra-sonication for washing and removal of HSV-1 from VIP, and FESEM were used to determine the shape, size, and characteristics of the synthesized particles. Additionally, DLS was used to confirm the size of particles. MTT assay was employed for cell viability, and TCID50/ml was used for measuring infectious viral titer. Real-time PCR as a molecular assay for virus genome quantification was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average size of gold-coated freeze-dried SNPs and VIPs was analyzed by FESEM, and the results were 332 and 390 nm, respectively. DLS results showed an average size of 362, 521, and 648 nm for SNPs, VIPs, and NIPs. The VIP cavity size was 156 nm, which was specific for HSV-1. The Real-time PCR confirmed the removal of HSV-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The imprinted particles could specifically bind to HSV-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"268-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosome-borne <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-65 gene in non-O1/O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> isolated from bile.","authors":"Haifeng Mao, Xinzhe Wu, Danting Jin","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v18i1.20906","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v18i1.20906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Non-O1/O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> (NOVC) has been associated with extraintestinal infections; however, its isolation from bile remains exceedingly rare. This study reports the identification and comprehensive analysis of a NOVC strain isolated from bile, including its antimicrobial resistance profile, virulence gene content, and molecular characteristics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A NOVC isolate was obtained from the bile of a patient with a hepatobiliary tumor. The isolate was identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to characterize its molecular features, including antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes, and relevant genetic mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NOVC isolate presents a multi-drug resistance phenotype. Corresponding genomic analysis indicates that this strain belongs to a novel sequence type (ST1736), carrying various drug resistance genes and virulence factors. Moreover, the <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-65 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene was detected in its chromosomal genome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents the first report of a multidrug-resistant NOVC strain isolated from bile in mainland China. Notably, the ESBL gene <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-65 was identified chromosomally in NOVC for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13156829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}