Investigative ophthalmology & visual science最新文献

{"title":"Distribution of Globe Excursions Within the Orbits Monitored by Eye Tracking Glasses in Ambulatory Subjects Engaged in Their Normal Daily Activities.","authors":"Yicen J Zheng, Thomas N Gentry, John R Economides, Jonathan C Horton","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.20","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>It is unknown how gaze angle deviates over the course of normal daily activities, and whether its distribution is affected by vergence. To address these issues, an eye tracker was used to record eye positions in ambulatory subjects engaged in their usual pursuits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven normal subjects with a mean age of 23.6 years (range, 4-68 years) wore the eye tracking glasses, generating 328 min/person of usable data. Histograms were compiled to show the distribution of (1) horizontal gaze angles, (2) vertical gaze angles, and (3) vergence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The histogram of horizontal gaze angles showed a bimodal distribution of vergence, with a distance peak at 1.6° and a near peak at 7.6°. The mean standard deviation of eye position was greater during far viewing (8.93°) than near viewing (6.65°). Horizontal eye position deviated by more than 25° from primary position less than 1% of the time. Vertical eye position shifted from a mean of -3.58° during far viewing to -8.54° during near viewing. Overall, the standard deviation of vertical eye position (11.63°) was greater than that of horizonal eye position (8.41°).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deployment of a mobile eye tracker has revealed four main findings about eye position in the orbit. First, horizontal gaze angle remains within ±16.8° of primary gaze 95% of the time, reflecting an aversion to large horizontal ocular excursions. Second, mean vertical gaze position is shifted downward (-5.19°). Third, increased vergence is associated with a gaze shift downward. Fourth, increased vergence reduces the distribution of horizontal eye positions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Value of MLPA for Prognostic Assessment of Chromosomal Rearrangements and DNA Methylation in Uveal Melanoma.","authors":"Andrea Soltysova, Dana Dvorska, Andrej Ficek, Martina Pecimonova, Marek Samec, Ivana Kasubova, Viera Horvathova Kajabova, Lucia Demkova, Pavel Babal, Jela Valaskova, Zuzana Dankova, Bozena Smolkova, Alena Furdova","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.51","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most prevalent primary intraocular malignancy in adults, with prognosis significantly influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors. Reliable and cost-effective methods to detect chromosomal aberrations and DNA methylation changes are essential for improving prognostication and informing treatment strategies in UM. This study evaluated the effectiveness of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in detecting UM-specific copy number variations (CNVs) and promoter methylation changes across 25 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA from 58 UM tissues was analyzed with the SALSA MLPA Probemix P027 Uveal melanoma kit, and a subset of 18 samples was further assessed using the SALSA MLPA Probemix ME002-C1 Tumour suppressor mix 2 kit to identify key CNVs and methylation alterations linked to poor prognosis. Validation was carried out with a high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array on 10 samples and the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC v1.0 BeadChip array on 25 samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that MLPA is a versatile and robust method for detecting CNVs, showing strong correlations with CGH data and highlighting specific CNV patterns linked to clinical outcomes in UM. However, the ME002-C1 kit showed limited utility for comprehensive methylation analysis, as differential methylation was not observed in the studied TSG loci.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although MLPA effectively identifies CNVs relevant to UM prognosis, integrating additional methylation-specific approaches could broaden the scope of DNA methylation analysis, offering a more comprehensive molecular understanding of UM that may enhance prognostication and personalized treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Eye Cancer, Eyelid Cancer, and Ophthalmic Lymphoma in a Chinese Population in Hong Kong: A Population-Based Registry Study 2005-2018.","authors":"Allie Lee, Dennis T W Law, Alex H S Kan, Flores F P Cruz, Vishal Jhanji, Hunter K L Yuen, Michael Y Ni","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the incidence rate, histopathological types, and time trends of primary eye cancer, eyelid cancer, and ophthalmic lymphoma among the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The records of patients diagnosed with primary eye and eyelid cancers from 2005 to 2018 in Hong Kong were retrieved from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry. Patient demographics, cancer sites, and histology were recorded. Population-level age-standardized incidences and trends were analyzed by age and sex and compared with existing literature. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD-9) codes were converted to ICD-10 codes. Eye cancer was defined as malignancy involving the eyeball, intraocular structures, lacrimal system, and orbit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 442 eye cancers and 1103 eyelid cancers were included. Among these cancers, 295 cases were ophthalmic lymphoma. The age-standardized annual incidence rate was 4.04 per 1,000,000 population for eye cancer, 6.30 for eyelid cancer, and 1.89 for ophthalmic lymphoma. The incidence rates increased with age (P < 0.001), but there were no sex differences. The incidence rate of eyelid cancer and ophthalmic lymphoma showed an increasing trend, with annual percent changes of 2.8% and 2%, respectively. In eye cancers, the most common histological type was lymphoma (58.1%), and the most common site was orbit (35.5%). The most common histology for eyelid cancer was basal cell carcinoma, and for ophthalmic lymphoma it was extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the Chinese population, the incidence of eye cancer has remained stable, whereas eyelid cancer and ophthalmic lymphoma are increasing. Lymphoma has been the most common histological type in recent years, in contrast to findings in Western populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Versus Rules-Based Approach for Segmenting NonPerfusion Area in a DRCR Retina Network Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Dataset.","authors":"Tristan T Hormel, Wesley T Beaulieu, Jie Wang, Jennifer K Sun, Yali Jia","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.22","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Loss of retinal perfusion is associated with both onset and worsening of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Optical coherence tomography angiography is a noninvasive method for measuring the nonperfusion area (NPA) and has promise as a scalable screening tool. This study compares two optical coherence tomography angiography algorithms for quantifying NPA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with (N = 101) and without (N = 274) DR were recruited from 20 U.S. sites. We collected 3 × 3-mm macular scans using an Optovue RTVue-XR. Rules-based (RB) and deep-learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms were used to segment the NPA into four anatomical slabs. For comparison, a subset of scans (n = 50) NPA was graded manually.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AI method outperformed the RB method in intersection over union, recall, and F1 score, but the RB method has better precision relative to manual grading in all anatomical slabs (all P ≤ 0.001). The AI method had a stronger rank correlation with Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study DR severity than the RB method in all slabs (all P < 0.001). NPAs graded using the AI method had a greater area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for diagnosing referable DR than the RB method in the superficial vascular complex, intermediate capillary plexus, and combined inner retina (all P ≤ 0.001), but not in the deep capillary plexus (P = 0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that output from the AI-based method agrees better with manual grading and can better distinguish between clinically relevant DR severity levels than a RB approach using most plexuses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Partial Sleep Deprivation on Retinal Microvasculature in Myopia With Different Axial Lengths.","authors":"Ke Xu, Yishuang Xu, Youran Qin, Yufei Zhang, Hongmei Zheng, Changzheng Chen, Yu Su","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.57","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effects of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on the retinal microvasculature in individuals with myopia, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 87 right eyes were categorized by axial length (AL) into three groups: A (AL < 24 mm, n = 20), B (24 ≤ AL < 26 mm, n = 41), and C (AL ≥ 26 mm, n = 26). Participants underwent macular (6 mm × 6 mm) and optic disc (4.5 mm × 4.5 mm) OCTA scans. Vessel density (VD) parameters-including superficial capillary plexus VD (SCP-VD), deep capillary plexus VD (DCP-VD), radial peripapillary capillary VD (RPC-VD), inside disc RPC VD (iVD), and peripapillary RPC VD (ppVD)-were compared at baseline, before and after PSD, and following 3 days of regular sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with group A, groups B and C had lower baseline DCP-VD in all subregions (P < 0.05), except for the perifovea-inferior area, where only groups C and A showed significant differences (P = 0.001). After PSD, group C showed a decrease in SCP-VD in certain subregions of the parafovea (P = 0.013 and P = 0.022 for parafovea-temporal and parafovea-inferior, respectively), along with an increase in ppVD (P = 0.012). All VD parameters recovered after 3 days of regular sleep (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The retinal microvasculature of myopic eyes with an AL of ≥26 mm show greater susceptibility to PSD than those with an AL of <26 mm. However, short-term PSD effects can be restored by setting a regular sleep schedule.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143719374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Comparison of Astrocytes in the Lamina Cribrosa and Glial Lamina.","authors":"Susannah Waxman, Hannah Schilpp, Ashley Linton, Tatjana C Jakobs, Ian A Sigal","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.1","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although the mechanisms underlying glaucomatous neurodegeneration are not yet well understood, cellular and small animal models suggest that lamina cribrosa (LC) astrocytes undergo early morphologic and functional changes, indicating their role as early responders to glaucomatous stress. These models, however, lack the LC found in larger animals and humans, leaving the in situ morphology of LC astrocytes and their role in glaucoma initiation underexplored. In this work, we aimed to characterize the morphology of LC astrocytes in situ and determine differences and similarities with astrocytes in the mouse glial lamina (GL), the analogous structure in a prominent glaucoma model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Astrocytes in the LCs of 22 eyes from goats, sheep, and pigs were stochastically labeled via Multicolor DiOlistics and imaged in situ using confocal microscopy. The 3D models of DiOlistically labeled LC astrocytes and hGFAPpr-GFP mouse GL astrocytes were constructed to quantify morphological features related to astrocyte functions. LC and GL astrocyte cross-pore contacts, branching complexity, branch tortuosity, and cell and branch span were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LC astrocytes displayed distinct spatial relationships with collagen, greater branching complexity, and higher branch tortuosity compared to GL astrocytes. Despite substantial differences in their anatomic environments, LC and GL astrocytes had similar cell and branch spans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Astrocyte morphology in the LC was characterized through multicolor DiOlistic labeling. LC and GL astrocytes have both distinct and shared morphological features. Further research is needed to understand the potentially unique roles of LC astrocytes in glaucoma initiation and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Secreted Ly6/uPAR-Related Protein-1 (SLURP1) Protects the Cornea From Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Satinder Kaur, Peri Sohnen, Simran Kumar, Mehak Vohra, Sudha Swamynathan, Shivalingappa Swamynathan","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.30","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previously, we reported that the secreted Ly6/uPAR-related protein-1 (SLURP1), abundantly expressed by the corneal epithelium (CE) and secreted into the tear fluid, suppresses NF-κB signaling in healthy corneas and is downregulated in response to a variety of stressors, allowing helpful inflammation to progress. Here we investigate whether SLURP1 manifests its broad protective effects by promoting corneal redox homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Oxidative stress was induced in the wild-type (WT) and Slurp1-null (Slurp1X-/-) mouse corneas using 1350 J/m2 UV-B, and in human corneal limbal epithelial (HCLE) and SLURP1-overexpressing HCLE-SLURP1 cells with 100 J/m2 UV-B, 0.4 µg/mL mitomycin-C, or 0-100 µM H2O2. We evaluated their (i) redox status (GSH:GSSG ratio) using O-phthalaldehyde; (ii) reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; (iii) antioxidants GPX4, CAT, and SOD2 expression by qRTPCR; (iv) lipid peroxidation by staining for 4-hydroxynonenol, malondialdehyde, and BODIPY-C11; and (v) DNA damage and NF-κB activation by immunostaining for γH2AX, 8-OHdG, NF-κB, and IκB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Slurp1 was significantly downregulated in the UV-B-irradiated WT corneas. Oxidatively stressed HCLE-SLURP1 cells displayed relatively less ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and NF-κB activation, and a higher GSH/GSSG ratio and antioxidant gene expression than the similarly treated control HCLE cells. UV-B-irradiated Slurp1X-/- corneas displayed relatively more ROS accumulation, DNA damage and less GPX4 expression than the similarly treated WT corneas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, these results elucidate that SLURP1 serves as an insult-agnostic immunomodulator that upregulates antioxidants and suppresses ROS accumulation to promote redox homeostasis in corneal epithelial cells and protect them from diverse genotoxic stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evodiamine Promotes Autophagy and Alleviates Oxidative Stress in Dry Eye Disease Through the p53/mTOR Pathway.","authors":"Boda Li, Junpeng Liu, Di Zhang, Yiran Chu, Zeying Chen, Jiaruei Tsao, Taige Chen, Jiaxuan Jiang, Kai Hu","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.44","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to explore the therapeutic efficacy of evodiamine (EVO) in the treatment of dry eye disease (DED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse models of DED was developed using benzalkonium chloride eye drops and subcutaneous atropine injections. Corneal epithelial defects were assessed by fluorescein sodium staining, and tear secretion was measured with the phenol red thread test. For the in vitro model, human corneal epithelial cells were cultured in a sodium chloride-enriched medium. Phenotypic and mechanistic analyses were conducted using real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of EVO eye drops significantly enhanced tear secretion in mice, ameliorated ocular surface damage, decreased the expression of corneal inflammatory factors, and increased the density of conjunctival goblet cells. Furthermore, EVO reduced oxidative stress by promoting autophagy. Mechanistically, EVO-induced autophagy was mediated via the p53/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that EVO is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of DED, with its beneficial effects attributed to the activation of autophagy through the p53/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lens Thickness-to-Anterior Chamber Depth Ratio: A Biometric Determinant of Chamber Angle Width in Han Chinese Cataract Patients.","authors":"Ao Miao, Fan Yang, Tianhui Chen, Dongjin Qian, Yongxiang Jiang, Jie Xu, Tianyu Zheng","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.42","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to individuate a novel ocular biometric index, the lens thickness-to-anterior chamber depth (LT/ACD) ratio, and identify its role in explaining anterior chamber angle width (ACAW) in Han Chinese patients with cataract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 400 patients with cataract with phakic eyes. According to the axial length (AL), the eyes were divided into short eyes (AL < 22 mm, n = 100), medium eyes (22 ≤ AL < 24 mm, n = 100), medium‒long eyes (24 ≤ AL < 26 mm, n = 100), and long eyes (AL ≥ 26 mm, n = 100). We used a Pentacam HR to determine ACAW and an IOLMaster 700 to measure ACD and LT. A narrow chamber angle was defined as an ACAW < 20 degrees.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a multivariable linear model, which included the LT/ACD ratio, age, sex, AL, white-to-white, keratometry, central corneal thickness, and pupil diameter, the LT/ACD ratio was the strongest determinant of ACAW in the total group (standardized regression coefficient [β] = -0.71), short eyes (β = -0.71), medium eyes (β = -0.69), medium-long eyes (β = -0.72), and long eyes (β = -0.63). The LT/ACD ratio remained the strongest determinant of ACAW in eyes with an ACD < 3.0 mm (β = -0.51) or an LT ≥ 5.0 mm (β = -0.64). Multivariable logistic analysis revealed a significant association between a greater LT/ACD ratio and the presence of angle narrowness in the total group (odds ratio = 156.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.8-2270.4). An LT/ACD ratio of 1.8 could indicate angle narrowness (area under the curve = 0.94).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Han Chinese patients with cataract, the LT/ACD ratio can be used as an ocular biometric determinant of ACAW. An LT/ACD ratio exceeding 1.8 could effectively identify the presence of angle narrowness.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibronectin Mediates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Retina Angiogenesis.","authors":"Dan Liu, Zhishang Meng, Chen Jin, Fang Chen, Li Pu, Ze Wu, Qi Zeng, Jing Luo, Wenyi Wu","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.10","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in pathological retinal angiogenesis and identify key molecular mediators in retina angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on retinal tissue from an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model to analyze gene expression patterns. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was used to examine the correlation between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis gene sets. Fibronectin (FN1) expression was evaluated in endothelial cells, and its function was assessed through siRNA-mediated knockdown in both in vitro angiogenesis assays and the OIR model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EndoMT occurred early in retinal angiogenesis development, with significant correlation between EMT and angiogenesis gene sets. FN1 was identified as the most significantly upregulated EMT-related gene in endothelial cells. The siRNA-mediated inhibition of fibronectin effectively prevented VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro and reduced pathological angiogenesis in the OIR model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EndoMT is a crucial early event in pathological retinal angiogenesis, with fibronectin serving as a key mediator. Targeting fibronectin may provide a novel therapeutic strategy that could synergize with anti-VEGF treatments to more effectively treat pathological angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), particularly in cases of poor response to anti-VEGF therapy alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}