Investigative ophthalmology & visual science最新文献

{"title":"Porcine Sub-Retinal Pigment Epithelium Deposits: A Model for Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration With Comparison to Human Drusen.","authors":"Erika M Shaw, David M Anderson, Ramesh Periasamy, Kevin L Schey, Christine A Curcio, Daniel M Lipinski","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.18","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Due to the slowly progressing nature of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and critical differences in ocular anatomy between humans and animals, it has been difficult to model disease progression, hampering the development of novel therapeutics aimed at impacting drusen biogenesis. To determine whether \"drusen-in-a-dish\" model systems are of utility in screening potential therapeutics aimed at early-intermediate dry AMD, we developed a detailed characterization of the protein, glycoprotein, and lipid composition of sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) deposits grown by monolayers of ex vivo porcine RPE with human drusen in AMD globes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemistry and imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) were performed on 20-week aged monolayers of porcine RPE and human donor globes recovered from an 81-year-old non-transplant donor with confirmed diagnosis of bilateral dry AMD. The presence of major protein, glycoprotein, and lipid species was compared between porcine sub-RPE deposits and human drusen with reference to macular/peripheral eccentricity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The protein and glycoprotein composition of porcine sub-RPE deposits closely mimics human drusen identified in donor globes with dry AMD, including the presence of major complement components (C9, CFH, CHI), apolipoproteins (ApoE, ApoJ), extracellular matrix proteins (vitronectin, collagen VI), and calcification (hydroxyapatite). Sub-RPE deposits were additionally rich in long-chain ceramide species (Cer, CerPE, PI), which have only recently been described in human drusen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to their compositional similarity to human drusen, ex vivo \"drusen-in-a-dish\" systems represent a potentially robust and cost-effective model for both studying the pathobiology of drusen biogenesis and screening novel therapeutics aimed at limiting drusen formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Multiomics Analysis of Early Wound Response Programs in the Mouse Corneal Epithelium.","authors":"Zhao-Jing Lu, Jin-Guo Ye, Jing-Ni Li, Jiang-Bo Liang, Ming Zhou, Qiu-Ling Hu, Qi-Kai Zhang, Yu-Heng Lin, Ying-Feng Zheng","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.9","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Wound healing is crucial for restoring homeostasis in living organisms. Although wound response mechanisms have been studied extensively, the gene regulatory programs involved remain to be elucidated. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and ATAC sequencing (ATAC-seq) analysis to profile the regulatory landscape of mouse corneal epithelium in early wound response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used our previously published single-cell data sets of homeostatic adult mouse corneal epithelium as the unwounded group. The wounded group data sets were obtained by sequencing the epithelium after an annular epithelial wound. Following the integration of the relevant data sets, the Seurat and ArchR packages were employed for single-cell RNA-seq and single-cell ATAC-seq data processing and downstream analysis, respectively. The Monocle 2 was used for pseudo-time analysis, CellChat for intercellular communication analysis, and pySCENIC for analyzing transcription factors. The expression of key genes was validated via immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data show that the number of cell type-specific genes decreases and the number of common transcriptional responses increases in early wound response. Concurrently, we find that the chromatin accessibility landscape undergoes significant changes across all epithelial cell types and that the wound-induced open regions are similarly distributed across the genome. Motif enrichment analysis shows that Fosl1/AP-1 binding site is highly enriched among the opened regions. However, by assessing the correlation between changes in chromatin accessibility and gene expression, we observe that only a small subset of wound-induced genes shows a high correlation with the accessibility of nearby chromatin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides a detailed single-cell landscape for transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in mouse corneal epithelium during early wound response, which improved our understanding of the mechanisms of wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STING Deficiency Promotes Th17-Like Tfh to Aggravate the Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.","authors":"Zhuang Li, Xiuxing Liu, Zuoyi Li, Zhiqiang Xiao, Guanyu Chen, Yangyang Li, Jun Huang, Yunwei Hu, Haixiang Huang, Wenjie Zhu, Yuxun Shi, Minzhen Wang, Yanyan Xie, Wenru Su, Xiaoqing Chen, Dan Liang","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.8","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism that Th17-like T follicular helper cells (Tfh) orchestrated by STING signaling have a pathogenic role in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The differences of transcriptome and gene ontology (GO) pathway of Tfh between EAU and control mice were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequence. Additionally, draining lymph nodes (DLNs) were extracted to verify the expression of IL-17A and IFN-γ in Tfh from EAU and control mice by flow cytometry. Then, the scRNA-seq and flow cytometry were used to explore the different proportion of Tfh between STING deficiency (Sting-/-) mice and wild type (WT) mice. In vitro, naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from Sting-/- mice and WT mice to induce the Tfh under the induction condition. In addition, flow cytometry was used to detect the different induction ratio and the IL-17A expression between 2 groups of naïve CD4+ T cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with control mice, marked increase of Tfh was observed in EAU, accompanied by elevated levels of Th1 and Th17 cells. Moreover, Th17-related genes, such as Rorc, Il22, Il23r, Il17a, and Il17f, and the corresponding GO pathways were upregulated in Tfh from EAU. The scRNA-seq showed that a higher proportion of Tfh was observed in the DLNs from Sting-/- mice than WT mice, which was verified by flow cytometry. When STING was knocked out, the Tfh was characterized with upregulated Th17-related phenotype in vivo, and there was a higher induction ratio of Tfh whose IL-17A expression was significantly increased in vitro. Notably, the STING expression of CD4+ T cells was downregulated in the EAU. STING-deficient EAU mice displayed more severe retinal inflammation, characterized by massive infiltration of CD4+ T cells, including Th1 and Th17 subsets. Importantly, treatment with a STING agonist alleviated inflammation of EAU.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Th17-like Tfh cells play a pathogenic role in the EAU. STING deficiency promotes the differentiation and phenotypic transformation of Th17-like Tfh cells, exacerbating the inflammatory response in EAU. These findings highlight the potential of targeting STING to modulate Tfh cells as a therapeutic strategy for uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameboid Microglia as a Scavenger Role in Phagocytosis of Photoreceptor Outer Segment in an Experimental Retinal Detachment Model.","authors":"Manjing Cao, Yahan Zhang, Yan Li, Xian Zhang, Mingming Ma","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.4","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Photoreceptor (PR) death is the ultimate cause of irreversible vision loss in retinal detachment (RD). Previous studies have shown that microglia may have a dual role in RD. Nevertheless, the potential protective effects of microglia on PR are largely unknown. We aimed to uncover the phagocytic role of microglia in RD and propose a new concept to regulate PR survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An RD model was conducted by injecting sodium hyaluronate into the subretinal space (SRS) of C57BL/6J wild type mice. Bioinformatics analysis was used to evaluate the highly enriched pathways and terms relating to phagocytosis in human datasets and mouse transcriptomes of RD. The observation of microglial morphology was performed by immunofluorescence through cryosection and flat mount. PLX 3397 was used for microglial ablation. Phagocytosis of the outer segment (OS) by microglia was confirmed by immunofluorescence and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression of phagocytic markers in microglia was detected by immunofluorescence of cryosection. The PR survival was measured by TUNEL assay and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) images through the center of the fovea in twelve patients were obtained to observe the clinic features of IS/OS dynamics after RD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that OS went through an accumulation-clearance process after RD. Ameboid microglia accumulated in the SRS and engulfed OS. Upregulation of phagocytic markers was observed in subretinal microglia. Depletion of microglia led to failure of OS clearance and retinal ruffling, which had the same characteristics as outer retinal undulation (ORU) in some patients with RD. PR did not benefit from microglial depletion, as no morphology and thickness recovery of PR was observed in the long term.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results elucidate that microglial phagocytosis of OS is a critical process after RD. Insufficient phagocytosis leads to the accumulation of OS in the SRS and PR abnormalities. Appropriate regulation of microglial phagocytosis to remove OS may be a new concept to regulate photoreceptor survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Surface Involvements in the Development of Sjögren's Syndrome-Associated Dry Eye in the IL14α Transgenic Mouse.","authors":"Minjie Zhang, Yichen Liang, Han Wu, Rongrong Zong, Xiaobo Zhang, Hui He, Peter Sol Reinach, Zuguo Liu, Long Shen, Wei Li","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.2","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the ocular surface changes during progress of the Sjögren's Syndrome (SS), using a previously described IL14α transgenic mice (IL14α TG) SS model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ocular surface of IL14α TG and C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) female mice were evaluated at the age of six, nine, 12, 15, and 18 months. Slit lamp microscopy observation, Oregon green dextran staining, Schirmer test, and periodic-acid-Schiff staining were assessed. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and associated gene expression analysis by qPCR and ELISA were performed in cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal grand at different ages of the mice. Masson's trichome staining was conducted on lacrimal gland cryosections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with C57BL/6 WT mice, IL14α TG mice showed corneal barrier function damage and losses in conjunctival goblet cell density starting at nine months, whereas decreases in tear secretion started at 18 months of age. Significant increases in CD4+ T cell infiltration in the conjunctiva of IL14α TG mice was first observed at 6 months. Higher expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the conjunctiva, whereas MUC5AC and MUC5B had lower expression levels at nine months in the IL14α TG mice. However, lacrimal gland function-associated gene expression levels mostly decreased in IL14α TG mice at 12 months of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ocular surface tissue changes were involved in SS-like dry eye in a time-dependent manner in IL14α TG mice, and conjunctival T-cell infiltration may contribute to ocular surface pathological changes in an early stage of SS-related dry eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Value of MLPA for Prognostic Assessment of Chromosomal Rearrangements and DNA Methylation in Uveal Melanoma.","authors":"Andrea Soltysova, Dana Dvorska, Andrej Ficek, Martina Pecimonova, Marek Samec, Ivana Kasubova, Viera Horvathova Kajabova, Lucia Demkova, Pavel Babal, Jela Valaskova, Zuzana Dankova, Bozena Smolkova, Alena Furdova","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.51","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most prevalent primary intraocular malignancy in adults, with prognosis significantly influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors. Reliable and cost-effective methods to detect chromosomal aberrations and DNA methylation changes are essential for improving prognostication and informing treatment strategies in UM. This study evaluated the effectiveness of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in detecting UM-specific copy number variations (CNVs) and promoter methylation changes across 25 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA from 58 UM tissues was analyzed with the SALSA MLPA Probemix P027 Uveal melanoma kit, and a subset of 18 samples was further assessed using the SALSA MLPA Probemix ME002-C1 Tumour suppressor mix 2 kit to identify key CNVs and methylation alterations linked to poor prognosis. Validation was carried out with a high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array on 10 samples and the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC v1.0 BeadChip array on 25 samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that MLPA is a versatile and robust method for detecting CNVs, showing strong correlations with CGH data and highlighting specific CNV patterns linked to clinical outcomes in UM. However, the ME002-C1 kit showed limited utility for comprehensive methylation analysis, as differential methylation was not observed in the studied TSG loci.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although MLPA effectively identifies CNVs relevant to UM prognosis, integrating additional methylation-specific approaches could broaden the scope of DNA methylation analysis, offering a more comprehensive molecular understanding of UM that may enhance prognostication and personalized treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Lens Thickness and Power Before and After Myopia Onset.","authors":"Jiaqing Zhang, Ling Jin, Qianyun Chen, Decai Wang, Xiang Chen, Yuting Li, Yabin Qu, Rong Lin, Mingguang He, Ian G Morgan, Lixia Luo, Yangfa Zeng, Xiaotong Han","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.36","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate changes in the crystalline lens before and after the onset of myopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study was conducted in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Participants were initially emmetropic or hyperopic at baseline and were followed for 5 years, during which they were categorized into two groups: those who developed myopia (newly developed myopes [NDM]; n = 1669) and those who remained hyperopic or emmetropic (persistent nonmyopes [PNM]; n = 4259). Changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length, lens thickness, and lens power were analyzed from 5 years before to 4 years after myopia onset. Age-related trends in SER and biometric parameters were compared between the PNM and NDM groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the included children at baseline was 7.61 ± 2.68 years (range, 3-14 years), with 3272 boys (55.20%). Compared with the PNM group, the NDM group exhibited a faster myopic refraction shift, accelerated axial elongation, and a more rapid reduction in lens thickness and power. Changes in SER and axial length peaked at 1 year before myopia onset (P < 0.001), but lens thickness and power remained relatively stable before myopia onset. The rate of change in SER and biometric parameters all slowed after myopia onset. In the PNM group, lens thickness decreased before age 11 and increased thereafter, whereas lens power decreased continuously, with a slower rate of decline after 11 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SER and axial length demonstrate accelerated changes 1 year before myopia onset, whereas lens thickness and power remain largely stable before and after myopia onset, with changes primarily associated with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of All-Trans Retinoic Acid by Light and Dopamine in the Murine Eye.","authors":"Sarah Talwar, Reece Mazade, Melissa Bentley-Ford, Jianshi Yu, Nageswara Pilli, Maureen A Kane, C Ross Ethier, Machelle T Pardue","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.37","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ambient light exposure is linked to myopia development in children and affects myopia susceptibility in animal models. Currently, it is unclear which signals mediate the effects of light on myopia. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and dopamine (DA) oppositely influence experimental myopia and may be involved in the retinoscleral signaling cascade underlying myopic eye growth. However, how ocular atRA responds to different lighting and whether atRA and DA interact remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dark-adapted C57BL/6J mice (29-31 days old) were exposed to dim (1 lux), mid (59 lux), or bright (12,000 lux) ambient lighting for 5 to 60 minutes. Some mice were also systemically administered the DA precursor, LDOPA, or atRA before light exposure. After exposure, the retina and the back of the eye (BOE) were collected and analyzed for levels of atRA, DA, and the DA metabolite, DOPAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DA turnover (DOPAC/DA ratio) in the retina increased in magnitude after only 5 minutes of exposure to higher ambient luminance, but was minimal in the BOE. In contrast, atRA levels in the retina and BOE significantly decreased with higher ambient luminance and longer duration exposure. Intriguingly, LDOPA-treated mice had a transient reduction in retinal atRA compared with saline-treated mice, whereas atRA treatment had no effect on ocular DA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ocular atRA was affected by the duration of exposure to different ambient lighting, and retinal atRA levels decreased with increased DA. Overall, these data suggest specific interactions between ambient lighting, atRA, and DA that could have implications for the retinoscleral signaling cascade underlying myopic eye growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Changes in Mesopic Reading Vision Across Adulthood.","authors":"Boris Peñaloza, Traci-Lin Goddin, David S Friedman, Cynthia Owsley, MiYoung Kwon","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.40","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Reading is indispensable for daily activities such as reading books, menus, and food labels, occurring under a wide range of luminance conditions from mesopic (dim light) to photopic (daylight). Despite its significance, there has been limited attention on age-related changes in mesopic reading vision. The current study aims to investigate how mesopic reading vision changes across adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the MNREAD iPad app, we assessed both mesopic (2 cd/m2) and photopic (220 cd/m2) reading vision in 157 normally-sighted individuals aged from 18 to 84, grouped into seven age groups. Reading vision was evaluated using four MNREAD parameters: maximum reading speed (MRS), critical print size (CPS), reading acuity (RA), and reading accessibility index (ACC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant age-related decline in reading vision under both mesopic and photopic conditions, with a more pronounced decline observed in mesopic conditions. The decline was linear from age 20 to 80: MRS decreased by 30 words-per-minute in mesopic conditions and 29 words-per-minute in photopic conditions; ACC declined by 0.18 (mesopic) and 0.12 (photopic); CPS declined by 0.3 logMAR (mesopic) and 0.16 logMAR (photopic); RA declined by 0.24 logMAR (mesopic) and 0.18 logMAR (photopic).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results show a monotonic decline in reading vision from ages 20 to 80 under both mesopic and photopic conditions, with a more pronounced decline in mesopic light. Given the significance of reading vision as a clinical measure, assessing reading vision under mesopic conditions may offer a more comprehensive evaluation of functional vision in everyday life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Retina, Choroid, and Retrobulbar Blood Flow in Myopes With Posterior Staphyloma Using Ultra-Widefield OCTA and CDI.","authors":"Fang Liu, Yunzhe Wang, Lingling Niu, Jing Zhao, Kang Xue, Xingtao Zhou","doi":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.21","DOIUrl":"10.1167/iovs.66.3.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the characteristics of retinal, choroidal, and retrobulbar blood flows in myopic patients with posterior staphyloma (PS) using ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-OCTA) and Color Doppler imaging (CDI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 134 adults with high myopia from the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University from December 2021 to September 2022. After propensity score matching, 45 eyes of 30 patients and 45 eyes of 32 patients were included in the PS and non-PS (NPS) groups, respectively. Retinal, choroidal, and retrobulbar blood flow parameters were obtained from UWF-OCTA and CDI. Parameters were compared between the PS and NPS groups, as well as among different PS types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistical differences in age, sex, axial length, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, or best-corrected visual acuity between the PS and NPS groups or in the different types of PS. The PS group had lower fovea, parafovea, and perifovea choroidal vessel volume (CVV) compared to the NPS group (all P < 0.05). The wide and narrow macular types of PS had significantly thinner choroidal thickness (CHT), lower CVV, and lower choroidal stromal volume (CSV) than other groups (all P < 0.01). PS occurrence was correlated with the decrease in CVV and posterior ciliary artery end-diastolic velocity (PCA-EDV), and the decrease in PCA-EDV was an associated factor for PS. The wide and narrow macular types of PS were correlated with the decrease of CHT, CVV, and CSV; the decrease in perifovea CHT was an associated factor for wide and narrow macular types of PS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Change in blood flow of the PCA was associated with PS occurrence. Reduced CHT in the temporal perifoveal region was a factor associated with both wide and narrow macular types of PS. Further longitudinal study will help to investigate the causal relationship between PS and changes in blood flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":14620,"journal":{"name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","volume":"66 3","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}