Iranian Journal of Child Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors of bruxism in children and adolescents: A case-control study.","authors":"Ahmad Talebian,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Sharif,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Gilasi,&nbsp;Morteza Ghafeli Bidgoli,&nbsp;Negin Masoudi Alavi","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.34695","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.34695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of bruxism in children and adolescents under 15 years old in Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted in day clinics of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in 2020. Fifty children with bruxism in the case group and 50 without in the control group were compared to five risk factors, including intestinal parasites, sucking the fingers, biting objects, a family history of bruxism, and secondhand smoking (SHS). The statistical tests of smoking, odds ratio, and logistic regression were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the subjects was 10.6±3.2 and 10.8±2.9 years in the case and control groups, respectively. The bruxism showed significant relation with sucking the fingers, the family history of bruxism, and intestinal parasites. The SHS and biting objects showed no significant relation with bruxism. The logistic regression indicated that the study variables could explain the 22.6 to 30.1% of risk factors in bruxism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bruxism is a common disorder in children and adolescents. The intestinal parasites might be associated with bruxism. These infestations should be diagnosed and treated in children with bruxism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 3","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/bf/ijcn-17-081.PMC10448849.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10107381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and Risk Factors of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children.","authors":"Jafar Nasiri,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Ghazzavi,&nbsp;Maryam Sedghi,&nbsp;Zahra Pirzadeh","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.33814","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.33814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Epilepsy, the tendency to have recurrent unprovoked seizures, is the most common chronic neurological disorder worldwide. About 20% to 40% of children with epilepsy suffer from refractory seizures, causing neurological, cognitive, and psychosocial impairments. Identifying the factors contributing to pediatric refractory seizures can help neurologists effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat their patients.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 2 to 16 years old children with refractory seizures (drug-resistant epilepsy) were assessed regarding their demographic and seizure-associated characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with refractory seizures had a significantly higher rate of neonatal asphyxia, hospitalization after birth, neonatal seizures, and seizure in the first year of life, history of infantile spasm, and symptomatic epilepsy. Furthermore, polymorphic seizures and brain MRI abnormalities were significantly more frequent among them. Several different mechanisms have been suggested for explaining intractability in epileptic patients. None of the mechanisms can explain all patients. The most common underlying etiologies for seizures in the intractable group were hypoxic-ischemic damage, cerebral dysgenesis, and genetic disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seizure intractability results from a tremendous deleterious change in the brain's structure. Early identification of the risk factors and prediction of patients likely to have pharmaco-resistant epilepsy will allow more aggressive treatment and earlier specialized intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 3","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/b5/ijcn-17-089.PMC10448845.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10112660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Risperidone in Treating Breath-Holding Spells in Children.","authors":"Gholamreza Zamani, Alireza Abdi, Morteza Heydari, Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi, Ali Reza Tavasoli","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.40320","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.40320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Breath holding spells (BHS) are a type of syncope in children that is commonly seen in the first years of life. Although these attacks do not cause serious damage to the child's brain, in severe or repeated cases, they expose the brain to hypoxia and cause a lot of stress in parents. In these cases, the clinician should consider therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Risperidone in the treatment of BHS in children visiting the neurology clinic of the Children's Medical Center Hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this randomized clinical trial, the statistical population included patients with the history of Breath Holding spells grades 2 to 3 (after ruling out of seizure disorders) over one year old, visiting the neurology clinic of Tehran Children's Medical Center in 2019. The subjects were randomly selected from patients visiting the clinic using a table of random numbers from the admit ion list. After providing the necessary explanations and obtaining informed consent from their parents, they were treated with low-dose Risperidone (maximum 1 mg) for three months. The patients were observed for three months in terms of frequency and severity of spells monthly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the median (25th and 75th percentile) age of subjects was 2.3 (2.0-2.6) years. Both the number and severity of seizures in the subjects had a statistically significant decrease in the period after treatment with Risperidone (P<0.001). The studied boys and girls experienced statistically significant decrease in terms of both the frequency of spells (P-value of 0.002 and 0.039) and intensity of seizures (P=0.016) and P=0.008), respectively after treatment with Risperidone. Also, in the studied children under 2 years old and over 2 years old, both the frequency (P=0.021 and P=0.004) and intensity of spells (P=0.008) 0.016 for subjects under and over 2 years, respectively) had a statistically significant decrease after treatment with risperidone compared to pretreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results of this study, it seems that both the frequency and the intensity of spells in children (regardless of gender and age group), experienced a statistically significant decrease after treatment with Risperidone. We suggest conducting a more comprehensive study considering a larger sample size in order to estimate this issue more correctly.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 4","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of an Exercise Package for Students with Intellectual Disability on Motor and Social Development.","authors":"Ali Kashi,&nbsp;Helen Dawes,&nbsp;Maedeh Mansoubi,&nbsp;Zahra Sarlak","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.36644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.36644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Physical activity and reducing inactivity improve health and well-being and benefit young people's social development with an intellectual disability (ID) lasting into adulthood. Therefore, given the importance of encouraging an active lifestyle in adolescents, researchers developed and evaluated the feasibility and potential effect of a novel \"Sport Science Research Institute (SSRI) exercise package for young people with intellectual disability\" to improve the motor and social development of these individuals.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In a Randomised controlled trial between October 2019 to February-2020, Thirty-six 7-18-year-old students with mild intellectual disabilities who were studying in a special school in Tehran received the invitation to the study. Students were randomly divided into intervention (18 students) and control (18 students) groups. Before and after the exercise program, three sessions per week for 12 weeks, motor proficiency was measured using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2), and social development was measured using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pupils in the intervention group completed 92% of the sessions. The results of the ANCOVA test showed that the exercise program led to a statistically significant improvement in total motor proficiency (P<0.01) and total social maturity score (P<0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to this study, the SSRI training package achieved good adherence and increased physical activity and showed the potential to improve motor and social skills in young people with an intellectual disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 2","pages":"93-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/f6/ijcn-17-93.PMC10114272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9551352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of EEG and aEEG in Seizure Diagnosis in Infants Admitted to the NICU.","authors":"Elahe Movahedi Moghadam, Yalda Taghipour, Reza Shervin Badv, Maliheh Kadivar, Raziyeh Sangsari, Maryam Saeedi, Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i4.37554","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i4.37554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Seizure is a common sign in neonates hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) that may lead to morbidity and mortality. Most neonatal seizures are subclinical. Conventional EEG (cEEG) is the gold standard for detecting and monitoring seizures but is not widely available. Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) has been used for over a decade to evaluate infants with seizures. In this study, we tried to determine the efficacy of aEEG as a widely available diagnostic tool in diagnosing seizures.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>All cases with seizures or suspicious seizures were admitted to the NICU of the Children's Medical Center for one year. cEEG and aEEG were performed for these infants. aEEG was recorded for at least six hours with a description of the tracing. Clinical information, outcomes, and questionnaires (patient information) were recorded in detail. The obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS version 24 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven out of twenty-five aEEG recordings were abnormal; other patients showed normal aEEGs. The most common clinical and neurological manifestations were seizure (68%) and hypotonia (28%); the mortality rate was 12%. No significant correlation was observed between aEEG findings and gender, age, familial relation, outcome, ultrasound result, type of seizure, and underlying disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Studies showed variable sensitivity and specificity values for aEEG. aEEG cannot be recommended as the only way to diagnose and manage seizures in neonates. However, Good accessibility and ease of working with aEEG promote a tendency to use this procedure as a screening tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 4","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of \"Care for Child Development\" Intervention on the Improvement of the Development Skills of Orphanage Children.","authors":"Nasrin Baraheni, Seifollah Heidarabadi, Zahra Maleki, Fatemeh Azhdarzadeh, Ali Bahari Gharehgoz, Zahra Bagheri","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.38644","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.38644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Development refers to the progressive enhancement of skills and functional capacity, i.e., qualitative changes in the child's functions. The process of development begins before birth and continues throughout life. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the \"Care for Child Development (CCD)\" program on 4-42 months children's developmental skills in orphanages.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, two orphanages in the capitals of East and West Azerbaijan provinces were selected using the convenience sampling technique, and thirty children were included. Then, they were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups (each group, N=15). Next, after obtaining consent from the head of the orphanages, a group of volunteers from the healthcare center performed the CCD program, considering children's chronological ages (4 to 42 months), for three sessions a week, with each session lasting two hours and it lasted for three months. At the end of the intervention process, the Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development 3^rd version (BSID-III) and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-II (ASQ) were completed for the two intervention and control groups to compare them in the cognitive, motor, communication, and personal-social domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing the two control and intervention groups using the T-test (difference in mean) indicates that except for the domain of cognitive skills (Bayley: P-value = 0.176), there was statistically a significant difference between the two groups in communication (ASQ: P-value = 0.001; Bayley: P-value = 0.003), motor (ASQ: P-value = 0.000; Bayley: P-value = 0.009), and personal-social (ASQ: P-value <0.000) skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, it was concluded that it is required to apply interventions, including standard ones such as the CCD program in environments like orphanages, to enhance the developmental skills of those children living in them.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 4","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Referred Patients to the PKU Clinic in Yazd, Iran.","authors":"Mahtab Ordoei,&nbsp;Razieh Fallah,&nbsp;Abolfazl Shafii Ronizi","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.35870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ijcn.v17i1.35870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The imbalance of phenylalanine (PA) to tyrosine level and decreased dopamine brain level in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may have a role in their susceptibility of them to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of ADHD in referred patients to PKU Clinic in Yazd, Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional analytical study, all patients older than three years with PKU who were referred to the PKU Clinic of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran, in 2018 were evaluated, and ADHD symptoms in them were assessed via parent face-to-face interview. The patients were diagnosed with ADHD if they scored at least of 20 on ADHD diagnostic rating scale via parent interview based on DSM-VI criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen boys and 21girls with a mean age of 9.55±1.8 years were evaluated. 51.5% of those diagnosed with PKU had ADHD. Accordingly, ADHD was more frequent in girls (77.8% vs. 41% in boys, P=0.03). The mean age of diagnosis of PKU was significantly higher in patients with ADHD (52.54±15.65 months vs. 29.75±9.65 months, P = 0.03). The mean of PA level in the last six months (15.59±5.95 vs. 8.72+5.18, P= 0.005) and mean of the last six PA levels (14.76±4.71 vs. 8.96±3.86, P= 0.03) were significantly higher in ADHD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of ADHD in phenylketonuria patients in the present study was much more than in other studies. Late diagnosis of PKU and long-term high PA blood and brain level might be associated with increased neonatal screening. Hence, regular follow-up and continuous evaluation of patients with PKU for ADHD symptoms should be performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 1","pages":"111-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/c8/ijcn-17-111.PMC9881828.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9229543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Findings of Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis in East-Azerbaijan, Iran; A Population-based Study.","authors":"Ehsan Nasiri,&nbsp;Amirreza Naseri,&nbsp;Mahnaz Talebi","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.34417","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.34417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most prevalent chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. If MS onset is under 18, it is defined as pediatric-onset MS (POMS). This study aimed to determine the clinical and epidemiological aspects of POMS.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This population-based study was conducted in East-Azerbaijan (EA) province and concerned POMS patients. The data concerning almost all of the POMS patients of the province was gathered from the only MS registry center in the university hospital of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences by the end of 2017. The diagnosis of patients was based on McDonald's criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2976 total cases of MS, eighty-five (2.85%) were POMS. The overall regional prevalence of POMS was 11.67 per 100,000 (95% CI:9.43-11.43). Sixty-seven cases were female (prevalence: 18.94 per 100,000 [95% CI:14.91-24.07], and eighteen were male (prevalence: 4.80 per 100,000 [95% CI:3.03-7.62]. The crude regional incidence in 2017 was 1.37/100,000 (95% CI:0.74-2.55). The mean age of onset was 15.81±1.33 years, with a minimum age of 12. 71.76% of the patients were diagnosed in the 16- or 17-years old age group. 7.05% had a positive family history, and 87.5% of the patients diagnosed the disease promptly. The most common first clinical presentations were blurred vision (43.75%), sensory (28.12%), cerebellar (15.62%), and brainstem (9.37%) symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>POMS is not a rare condition, and it mainly affects females. POMS prevalence increases significantly after age 15 years old, and the first manifestation of the disease is usually blurred vision.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 3","pages":"109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/25/ijcn-17-109.PMC10448846.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10101290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Auditory Brain Stem Responses and Transient Otoacoustic Emissions in Premature Infants with Auditory Developmental Delay: Evidence of Temporary Auditory Neuropathy.","authors":"Malihah Mazaheryazdi, Mohammad Amin Sharafi, Mehdi Akbari, Farhad Abolhasan Choobdar","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i4.42882","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i4.42882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Premature birth causes some permanent or temporary abnormalities in the hearing system of the newborn. Inadequate development of the central auditory nervous system and balance, as well as the delay in the formation of the nerve myelin, can be the cause of many hearing disorders, including permanent or temporary auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). The present study aims to identify and understand developmental delay disorder in the hearing system of infants and investigate the possibility of temporary auditory neuropathy in infants.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this comparative analytical study, twenty premature infants were randomly selected for hearing tests using auditory brainstem response and transient otoacoustic emissions at the time of discharge and three months after the first evaluation. The different components of these tests were analyzed and compared before and after developing the auditory system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OAEs test showed a signal-to-noise ratio above six dB with appropriate amplitudes in all infants. The grand average waveform of the ABR showed a significant difference between the amplitudes of waves III and V before and after maturation in both ears (p<0.05). In addition, the absolute latency of waves, specifically III and V, showed a significant difference between the two assessment times (0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study confirmed the occurrence of temporary ANSD or delayed maturation in premature infants following the lack of complete growth and myelination of auditory nerve fibers. There is a need to determine the hearing status of premature infants by frequent examinations and prevent any unnecessary prescription of amplifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 4","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role Of Fine Motor Abilities In Reading Components: A Cross-Sectional Study In Children With And Without Dyslexia.","authors":"Reza Barghandan, Hooshang Dadgar, Parvin Raji, Saman Maroufizadeh","doi":"10.22037/IJCN.v17i4.38710","DOIUrl":"10.22037/IJCN.v17i4.38710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fine motor skills and reading components and compare the fine motor skills of normal children and children with dyslexia.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this study, 47 children with dyslexia children and 47 normal children in the first to the third grade of elementary school in the age range of seven to nine years were examined with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and NEMA reading test. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, U Mann-Whitney methods, multiple linear regression, and Spearman correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed children with dyslexia were significantly weaker in fine motor skills than normal children (p <0.001). In addition, a relationship existed between the subtest of response speed and reading accuracy in normal children, but it was in normal children. A significant relationship was found between visual-motor control subtests and Upper-limb speed and dexterity with reading accuracy and speed. None of the motor subtests were related to reading comprehension. In children with dyslexia, no association was found between motor subtests and reading components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seemingly, fine motor skills can be used as an essential factor along with other effective factors in improving the reading skills of children with reading disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"17 4","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138796599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}