Iranian Endodontic Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Different Irrigation Regimens on the Chemical Structure and Cleanliness of Root Canal Dentin.","authors":"Amira Elgawish,&nbsp;Hossam Tawfik,&nbsp;Abeer El Gendy,&nbsp;Roy George,&nbsp;Mahmoud M Bakr","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.38004","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.38004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation regimens on the chemical composition and cleanliness of root canal dentin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-eight extracted single-rooted permanent human teeth were collected. Root canals were instrumented using step-back technique up to master apical file size 60. Samples were divided into 3 groups (<i>n</i>=16) based on the type of the irrigant used. The irrigation solutions were 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and saline solution as a control. Root canal cleanliness was assessed using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray was used for the inorganic analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used for the organic analysis. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison post hoc test were used for comparison between the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest mean percentage of remaining debris was in saline group followed by chlorhexidine gluconate group. Sodium hypochlorite group showed the lowest mean value of remaining debris. Furthermore, our results showed that canal irrigation with sodium hypochlorite affected the chemical structure of root canal dentin more than chlorhexidine gluconate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the results, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite emerges as the preferred irrigant for root canal treatment. This research sheds light on the significance of irrigation regimens in endodontics and emphasizes the need for careful consideration of irrigant selection in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"224-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5f/dc/IEJ-18-224.PMC10565995.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There a Relationship between Laser Therapy and Root Canal Cracks Formation? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sandro J Oliveira Tavares, Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor, Sheila Kellen Caetano, Natália Cristina Abreu Dos Santos, Bruna Muniz Pistoia, Marcos Rego de Carvalho Camilo, Pantaleo Scelza, Miriam Fatima Zaccaro Scelza","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.39754","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.39754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Crack formation has become an important issue for endodontists, as it can be decisive for the long-term prognosis of the endodontically treated tooth. Since the applicability of laser in endodontics has become frequent, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between laser therapy and the formation of cracks in the dentinal structure of the root canal.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library, as well as in the gray literature, on September 24, 2021. Studies that evaluated the formation of cracks in human root dentin due to different types of lasers were included. The risk of bias was assessed following the modified version of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist tool. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate (<i>i</i>) the total number of crack incidences; (<i>ii</i>) complete crack formation; (<i>iii</i>) incomplete crack formation; (<i>iv</i>) intra-dentinal crack formation between ultrasonic tips and laser use. The mean difference was calculated with a 95% confidence interval in a fixed-effect model, the heterogeneity was tested using the I² index with level of significance of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 22 studies included in this review, 15 have shown that lasers can form cracks in root dentin, including those that performed baseline assessment of samples. The meta-analysis confirmed no difference in crack formation between ultrasonic tips and laser devices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Laser therapy has been gaining prominence in endodontics and that irradiation can form and propagate cracks in the dentinal structure of the root canal assessed by <i>in vitro</i> studies. This is a critical concern for endodontists as it affects the strength and longevity of the tooth. Future research is encouraged to seek the standardization of good methodological practices and achieve establishing parameters to minimize harmful effects of laser on dentin.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"2-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/e5/IEJ-18-2.PMC9900151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10676284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Two Reciprocating and Anatomical Single File Techniques in Cleaning Oval Anatomies.","authors":"Andreas Krokidis,&nbsp;Barabanti Nicola,&nbsp;Cerutti Antonio,&nbsp;Panos Panopoulos","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.33623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v18i1.33623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study aimed to compare the capability of two single-file shaping systems in disinfecting and cleaning long oval root canals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty single-rooted teeth were prepared, contaminated with <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and divided into two groups. Two samplings were obtained; S1 before chemo-mechanical preparation and S2 after the preparation. Depending on the group, chemo-mechanical preparation was performed with XP-endo Shaper (XPS) and Wave One Gold (WOG). Five teeth from each group were observed under scanning electron microscopy (1000×) to evaluate the cleanliness of root canals at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. All probability (<i>P</i>-values) were two-tailed, statistical significance was set at 0.05 and analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant reduction in the colony forming units was observed from S1 to S2 in both tested groups. In S2, XPS group obtained significantly lower colony forming units (<i>P</i><0.001). In the cleanliness study, XPS group resulted in significantly cleaner canals compared to WOG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on this <i>in vitro</i> study XPS system was more effective in disinfecting and cleaning long oval canals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/d9/IEJ-18-41.PMC9900148.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10672216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can ChatGPT pass the \"Iranian Endodontics Specialist Board\" exam?","authors":"Mehran Farajollahi,&nbsp;Ali Modaberi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/cf/IEJ-18-192.PMC10329760.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10190113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenging the Misnomer of Irreversible Pulpitis and Deliberating the Urgent Need for Reclassification of Pulpal Diseases Based on the Efficacy of Vital Pulp Therapies: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.","authors":"Saeed Asgary,&nbsp;Mohammad Jafar Eghbal","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.43035","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.43035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over recent decades, the definition of irreversible pulpitis (IP), as an irrevocable condition of a compromised dental pulp tissue, has forced clinicians towards invasive root canal treatments. However, the current best evidence challenges the alignment between clinical symptoms and the perceived irreversibility of a negotiated dental pulp tissue. In the above-mentioned context, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has emerged as a revolutionary and transformative approach; introducing minimally invasive techniques to sustain pulp vitality in cases of IP. The present paper aimed to rigorously examine the corresponding published systematic reviews to explore the diverse spectrum of VPT modalities and their outcomes in managing IP cases. Besides, the current review seems to have asserted the need to discard the conventional terminology of <i>irreversible pulpitis</i>, based on the effectiveness of VPTs in the achievement of pulp tissue healing within cases clinically diagnosed as IP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"202-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/a0/IEJ-18-202.PMC10565994.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Canal Transportation and Centering Ratio in Curved Canals: A Study of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Micro-computed Tomography.","authors":"Yazdan Shantiaee,&nbsp;Babak Zandi,&nbsp;Ali Rahbar Taramsari,&nbsp;Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban,&nbsp;Nazanin Zargar,&nbsp;Shiva Shojaeian,&nbsp;Niloofar Mortezapour,&nbsp;Kourosh Shantiaee,&nbsp;Fatemeh Soltaninejad","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.41541","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.41541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to compare the accuracy and agreement between cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) in the assessment of canal transportation and centering ratio following root canal instrumentation with rotary files.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty mesiobuccal canals of mandibular molars were prepared using the 2Shape sequential rotary system. CBCT and micro-CT scans were performed before and after instrumentation, and the magnitude of transportation and centering ratio were measured. The acceptable transportation was set at ≤0.15 mm. The accuracy and agreement between CBCT and micro-CT were calculated, and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa coefficient were determined to assess the agreement between the two modalities. Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transportation was detected by both modalities at all distances from the apex after instrumentation. The agreement between CBCT and micro-CT in assessing canal transportation was observed in 80%, 85%, 75%, and 75% of specimens at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-mm from the apex, respectively. The ICC for transportation and centering ratio was much lower than 0.75, indicating poor agreement between the modalities. The kappa coefficient did not show acceptable agreement between the methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CBCT and micro-CT demonstrated poor agreement in assessing canal transportation and centering ratio. Micro-CT remains the preferred modality for in vitro investigations, while CBCT should be limited to clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"241-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/78/IEJ-18-241.PMC10566004.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Endodontic Treatment of Unusual Anatomic Variations in Second Premolars: A Case Report.","authors":"Mina Davaji,&nbsp;Mahsa Valizadeh,&nbsp;Sahar Karimpour","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.41716","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i4.41716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic treatment of second premolars is challenging due to their complex anatomy and the likelihood of anatomical variations. The current report presents successful treatments of mandibular and maxillary second premolars with different anatomies in a single patient. The first case involved a patient referred from a general practitioner who was unable to complete the root canal treatment of her mandibular second premolar with four root canals. The initial radiograph showed an apical radiolucency, periodontal ligament (PDL) widening, and a fast break suggesting the possibility of root canal branching. With the diagnosis of previous treatment and chronic apical periodontitis, the tooth was successfully retreated with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), a dental operating microscope, and ultrasonic tips. The second case was a maxillary second premolar with Vertucci's type VI root canal morphology, which was not responsive to pulpo-periapical tests. Along with a deep carious lesion and a PDL widening on the initial radiograph, a diagnosis of necrosis with chronic apical periodontitis was made. The root canals were located and treated using a combination of radiography with different angulation and CBCT. Both teeth were clinically and radiographically asymptomatic at the 4-month follow-up session. This case report highlights the importance of thorough preoperative evaluation and the use of advanced technology and techniques in achieving successful endodontic treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/77/IEJ-18-254.PMC10566008.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Endodontic Guides for Root Canal Localization and Preparation in Furcation Perforations: A Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Amal Shaban,&nbsp;Tarek Medhat Elsewify,&nbsp;Ehab E Hassaneina","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.39498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v18i1.39498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perforations are managed by surgical or nonsurgical approach depending on the relationship of the perforation site to the crestal bone level and attachment apparatus. Relocating the canal orifice or root canal close to the perforation site is quite challenging even with the aid of a dental operating microscope. In these two case reports, guided endodontics was applied in root canal localization and preparation in cases of furcation perforations. This is the report of two patients (42 and 15-year-old, respectively) who were referred for root canal treatment of the mandibular right first molar. The first case complained of pain on biting, foul odor, and bad taste. The referring dentist noted a furcation perforation and an inability to locate the mesial canals. Radiographic examination showed furcation radiolucency. Definitive diagnosis was symptomatic apical periodontitis. The second case complained of severe throbbing pain along with pain on biting. Mesial canals could not be detected due to a furcation perforation as noted by the referring dentist. Radiographic examination revealed a large furcation perforation and related bone resorption. Definitive diagnosis was acute apical abscess. In each case, a silicone impression of the mandibular arch was obtained and scanned along with cone-beam computed tomography scan to plan for localization and preparation of the mesiobuccal canals using implant planning software. Multiple guides were fabricated through rapid prototyping and allowed for the correct orientation and insertion of endodontic files through the canal. Canals were prepared and then obturated using warm vertical compaction technique and the perforation were repaired by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Six-month and one-year follow-ups revealed no symptoms and evidence of radiographic healing. Thus, multiple endodontic three-dimensional guides can be successful in root canal localization and preparation in cases of furcation perforations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/aa/e1/IEJ-18-65.PMC9900149.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10676281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulp Therapy of Primary Dentition; its Relevance despite Insufficient Histological Evidence: A Review.","authors":"Sarliza Yasmin Sanusi, Ola Barakat Al-Bataynehb","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.34931","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v18i1.34931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulp treatment in primary dentition is generally divided into vital and non-vital pulp therapies and assists in the preservation of pulpally involved primary teeth in the dental arch until the affected tooth naturally exfoliates. The success of pulp therapies depends on several factors; <i>e.g.</i> proper case selection, accurate diagnosis and good coronal seal. To date, studies on the success and failure rates of pulp treatments are based on clinical signs and symptoms, radiographic findings and histological analysis. However, the clinical and radiographic evidence may not completely portray the true status of the dental pulp. Histological evidence remains the gold standard in the assessment of pulp condition, whether it is in a healthy or adverse state. The aims of the current research were to summarise the treatment outcomes of pulp therapy in primary dentition based on clinical, radiographic and histological criteria, and to support its relevance in the presence of limited histological evidence to measure authentic treatment success. An electronic database search of dental literature from 1990 to 2022 was carried out using the MEDLINE, <i>i.e.</i> PubMed, database. Current dental literature showed that the success rates of primary tooth pulp therapy are high. The obtained results were based largely on clinical and radiographic studies with narrow histological investigations to assess the treatment outcome(s) of pulp therapy in primary dentition. Despite the scarcity of histological evidence, pulp therapies in primary teeth are still practical due to their statistically empirical success compared to their failure. Consequently, pulp therapy of primary dentition is still relevant, and should continue to be indicated as an important treatment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"15-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/92/c0/IEJ-18-15.PMC9900146.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10666276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Pink Spot due to Class IV Invasive Cervical Root Resorption using Vital Pulp Therapy: A Case Report.","authors":"Saeed Asgary","doi":"10.22037/iej.v18i2.41772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v18i2.41772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 30-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of pink spot discoloration of the tooth crown in his upper left central incisor was referred for endodontic and esthetic management. After thorough clinical and radiographic examinations, the final diagnosis was class IV invasive cervical resorption (ICR) which was conservatively treated with an orthograde approach; <i>i.e</i>. vital pulp therapy with calcium-enriched mixture cement (VPT/CEM). The use of VPT/CEM was successful to restore esthetics and stop the ICR; confirmed clinically, radiographically, and tomographically at one-year recall. The above-mentioned minimally invasive approach reported in the current case study may be considered a practical treatment modality for ICR, specifically in anterior teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"110-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5c/26/IEJ-18-110.PMC10155104.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9799479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}