Irish Journal of Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Examination of patients presenting to the emergency department as \"apparently drunk\".","authors":"Michael Hanrahan, Mary O'Mahony, Darren McLoughlin, Anne Sheahan","doi":"10.1007/s11845-025-03868-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-025-03868-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol, a significant public health concern, contributes to a substantial burden on emergency services. Identifying avoidable causes of Emergency Department (ED) presentations may reduce hospital overcrowding and benefit public health.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This prevalence study aims to provide a detailed analysis of patients presenting to the ED at Mercy University Hospital (MUH) as \"Apparently Drunk\" in 2022 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from the Integrated Patient Management Information System at MUH. All patients recorded as \"Apparently Drunk\" were included. Data collected included demographics, associated injuries or complaints, mode of arrival, admission status, and discharge status. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data and trends were examined by comparing 2022 and 2023 data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1662 presentations were categorised as \"Apparently Drunk,\" representing 3% of all ED visits. There was an 18% increase in such presentations from 2022 to 2023. The majority of patients were male (72%). The median age was 39 years. Notably, 23% of the presentations involved people experiencing homelessness, and 81% were conveyed by ambulance. Significant associated injuries included head injuries (7%), falls/collapses (6%), mental health issues (5%), and assaults (4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate a growing trend in patients presenting to the ED as \"Apparently Drunk\". The high incidence among people experiencing homelessness and the substantial resource utilisation underscores the need for targeted public health interventions and integrated services. Policymakers should consider these findings in the context of potential legislative changes that may impact alcohol availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining cancer care: the importance of primary care cancer research in Ireland.","authors":"Sean O'Regan, Jack Adams, Benjamin M Jacob, Heather Burns, Patrick Redmond","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03864-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03864-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations in healthy pregnant women and complicated by preeclampsia.","authors":"Asuman Akkaya Fırat, Ebru Alıcı Davutoğlu, Aysegül Özel, Serap Fırtına Tuncer, Nevin Yılmaz, Rıza Madazlı","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03865-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03865-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sirtuins and FoxO1 are reported to be important in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate whether serum FoxO1 and SIRT2 concentrations differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and also to compare these markers in early- and late-onset preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 27 women with early-onset preeclampsia, 27 women with late-onset preeclampsia, and 26 healthy normotensive pregnant controls. Maternal serum levels of FoxO1 and SIRT2 were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean maternal serum FoxO1 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (9.1 ± 3.8 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 29.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) than the normotensive pregnancies. The mean maternal serum FoxO1 level of late-onset preeclampsia was significantly lower than the early-onset preeclampsia group (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 3.8, p < 0.001). The mean maternal serum SIRT2 levels were significantly lower both in early-onset (4.5 ± 2.1 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) and late-onset preeclampsia (2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 6.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) than the healthy pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FoxO1 and SIRT2 may be biomarkers for early detection of preeclampsia and potential therapeutic targets in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of clinical pharmacist in the management of resistant hypertension.","authors":"Alaa M Alfaraheed, Abla M Albsoul-Younes, Deema Jaber, Hisham E Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03863-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03863-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a major contributor to global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) presents a significant management challenge, requiring a pharmacist-physician collaborative model to achieve sustained blood pressure (BP) control.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the impact of a clinical pharmacy interventions on BP control, medication adherence, and patient outcomes in patients with TRH in a primary care setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 142 patients with TRH at two primary care clinics. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, receiving clinical pharmacy services including medication reviews and personalized counseling, or the control group, receiving standard care. Medication adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale, and patient outcomes, including BP control and quality of life (QoL), were measured over a 6-month period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in medication adherence compared to the control group (p < 0.001), with an effect size of - 1.75. Clinical parameters, such as BP (mean reduction in BP: 27.9/13.4 mmHg), showed more favorable outcomes in the intervention group (p = 0.003). Furthermore, patients receiving clinical pharmacy services reported higher QoL scores (p < 0.001) and expressed higher satisfaction with medication management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical pharmacy interventions significantly enhance medication adherence and improve patient achievement of target BP goals in TRH patients. Incorporating clinical pharmacy services into routine care can lead to better health management and increased patient QoL. Further research is needed to explore long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided vs. laparoscopic-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Abdullah Yousef Aldalati, Ayham Mohammad Hussein, Dang Nguyen, Cameron John Sabet, Bara M Hammadeh, Wesam I Abo-Elenien, Zaid Kamal, Ramez M Odat","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03861-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03861-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a major concern. The transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is one of the anesthetic techniques that has been developed to address this issue. The TAPB can be delivered by the guidance of either ultrasound (UTAPB) or laparoscopic (LTAPB). Our aim is to compare the efficacy of these guidance methods in reducing postoperative pain after LC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases from inception to June 2024 for randomized studies comparing the delivery of TAPB under ultrasound and laparoscopic guidance. Data analysis was conducted using Review Manager V5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five randomized studies were included in our study. UTAPB was significantly more effective in reducing postoperative pain after 6 h compared to LTAPB (MD =  - 0.38, 95% CI, - 0.67 to 0.09, p = 0.01). However, UTAPB was insignificantly more effective than LTAPB in reducing postoperative pain after 12 h (MD =  - 0.14, 95% CI, - 0.44 to 0.17, p = 0.39), 24 h (MD =  - 0.09, 95% CI, - 0.41 to 0.23, p = 0.60), and 48 h (MD =  - 0.12, 95% CI, - 0.44 to 0.19, p = 0.44). UTAPB insignificantly resulted in decreased opioid consumption (SMD: - 0.09; 95% CI: - 0.42, 0.25; p = 0.62) and less postoperative nausea and vomiting (OR = 0.73, 95% CI, 0.21 to 2.51, p = 0.62) in comparison with LTAPB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound guidance of TAPB offers superior pain relief in the setting of LC, especially in the early postoperative period. Further trials are needed to prove and support the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparities in extreme psychological distress at cancer diagnosis and patients access to psycho-oncological care.","authors":"Eva Carter, Sonya Collier, Roisin Plunkett, Eugene Beirne, Brendan D Kelly","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03852-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03852-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer has adverse consequences for mental health, especially in women. Lack of awareness of services and stigma diminish access to psycho-oncology services.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess psychological distress and willingness to engage in multidisciplinary psycho-oncological services among cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional survey of attitudes towards psycho-oncology services in 142 cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women experienced more extreme distress than men, with 46.4% of females and 17.8% of males reporting \"extreme\" distress. Under one third of cancer patients (30.3%) knew the meaning of 'psycho-oncology'; one quarter (25.6%) knew of the psycho-oncology service, and two thirds (67.2%) were unsure if referral would be beneficial. One fifth (21.0%) would be somewhat/extremely uncomfortable disclosing attending palliative care, compared to 17.9% for psychiatry, 14.4% for psychology, and 5.8% for cardiology. On multivariable analysis, pre-existing psychiatric/psychological difficulty was the only variable independently associated with belief that a psycho-oncology referral would be beneficial.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limited awareness of psycho-oncology services exist despite high rates of extreme distress among women with cancer.. Given that women have higher levels of extreme distress, it would be prudent to offer them enhanced psycho-oncological care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical and pathologic stages of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.","authors":"Huseyin Garip, Ilyas Baskonus, Alper Aytekin, Latif Yilmaz, Aziz Bulut, Mahmut Gumus","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03860-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03860-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical and pathological stages of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this retrospective study, a total of 298 male and female patients over the age of 18 who were diagnosed with breast cancer and who were continuing surgical and oncologic treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 298 patients diagnosed with breast cancer, 186 (62.4%) belonged to the pre-COVID period and 112 (37.6%) to the COVID period, and there was a 39.7% decrease in the number of diagnosed patients. Statistical analyzes revealed significant differences in family history, smoking, histopathologic grade, disease stage, type of surgery performed and Cerb-B2 ovarian expression (p = 0.005, p = 0.001, p = 0.018, p = 0.035, p < 0.001, p = 0.047). During the pandemic period, tumor size (T), axillary lymph node metastasis rate, neoadjuvant chemotherapy rate, and distant metastasis rate increased, but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.535, p = 0.070, p = 0.148, p = 0.153, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In pandemic situations such as COVID-19, restrictions in social life and fear of contamination can prolong the time of admission to the hospital. This may cause delays in the diagnosis of malignant diseases such as breast cancer and progression in the disease stage. In these and similar outbreaks, public awareness should be raised, and the public should be encouraged to comply with screening and follow-up programs in order to continue outpatient clinic activities and screening programs without interruption by taking contamination measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The history and development of Irish orthopaedics: a descriptive review.","authors":"Martin S Davey, Paddy Kenny","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03859-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03859-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From'grave diggers' to a 'Trauma System for Ireland', the history of Irish orthopaedics is a unique and fascinating story. This story has developed over decades and centuries, with many late and great surgeons and trainers playing major roles in developing our orthopaedic services nationally, as we know them today. The authors acknowledge that it would be wrong to think that a 1500-word review could provide an in-depth, yet comprehensive, discussion of all topics past and present of celebration, deliberation and further debate, related to orthopaedic surgery in Ireland. However, this article sought to provide a brief account of some of the key, landmark moments of orthopaedics over the last 3 centuries in Ireland, many of which are responsible for shaping the landscape of the outpatient rooms, orthopaedic wards and theatre suites, in which we provide high standard orthopaedic care to the people of our island today.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knee pain and function in retired male intercounty GAA players: an exploratory study.","authors":"Sean Carmody, Ronan Kearney, Chantelle Doran, Gurneet Brar, Vincent Gouttebarge","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03853-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03853-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knee injuries are common among elite intercounty Gaelic games players (collectively GAA players).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The primary aim was to examine knee pain, function, and quality of life in retired elite male GAA players. Secondary objectives were to (i) report the incidence of previous knee surgery and total knee replacement, (ii) assess medication usage, and (iii) investigate any associations between a history of knee injury and/or knee surgery and knee pain, function, and quality of life among retired elite male GAA players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred retired male senior intercounty GAA players were surveyed on their history of severe knee injury and previous knee surgery (68 completed survey; 47 Gaelic football, 20 hurling, 1 dual player). The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS-GH) were used to assess level of function and pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven (69%) of the retired players described experiencing at least one severe knee injury during their intercounty career. Fourteen (21%) participants retired due to a significant knee injury. Mean KOOS-SP score was 75.5 (SD 17). The Global Physical Health and Global Mental Health mean scores were 44 and 51. There was a low negative correlation between KOOS-SP scores and a history of severe knee injury (r = -0.35, p = 0.001). Moderate negative correlation between Global Mental Health scores and a history of severe knee injuries (r = -0.36, p = 0.386) and a very weak negative correlation between the number of surgeries during a participant's intercounty career and Global Mental Health score (r = -0.089, p = 0.234).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Severe knee injuries and knee surgery are common among male intercounty GAA players. These injuries lead to self-reported reduced performance and retirement and are potentially associated with worse health-related outcomes post-intercounty career. Further well-designed studies, including among retired women GAA players, are required to assess the relationship between knee injuries and long-term athlete outcomes. Improved injury prevention efforts, enhanced rehabilitation of knee injuries, and post-retirement care may mitigate the adverse effects associated with severe knee injuries among male GAA players.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining the role of coronary CT angiography: addressing challenges and advancing practice.","authors":"Srinivas Rachoori, Hamrish Kumar Rajakumar","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03851-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-024-03851-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}