Irish Journal of Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Methodological and clinical implications regarding the 12-year retrospective analysis of infectious keratitis profile in Cork, Ireland.","authors":"Shifa Maqbool, Aleezah Sameen","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04611-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04611-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal appendicitis with rectal bleeding: an unusual presentation.","authors":"Sinan Kılıç, Şenol Bozdağ, Murat Cengiz Aşıcıoğlu, B Haluk Güvenç","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04678-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04678-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal appendicitis is an exceptionally rare condition with a high risk of delayed diagnosis and perforation. Its nonspecific clinical presentation may mimic other causes of acute abdomen and gastrointestinal bleeding in newborns, particularly necrotizing enterocolitis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 36-week, 2500-g male neonate developed abdominal distension, irritability, decreased oral intake, and bright red rectal bleeding on the second day of life. Abdominal radiography demonstrated multiple air-fluid levels, while ultrasonography revealed dilated bowel loops and free intraperitoneal fluid. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a hyperaemic, oedematous, and indurated appendix with localized inflammatory changes, without perforation or gangrenous changes. Appendectomy was performed, and histopathological examination confirmed acute appendicitis with transmural inflammation and fibrinous exudates, without necrosis or histopathological findings suggestive of necrotizing enterocolitis. The patient recovered uneventfully, and no further rectal bleeding was observed after appendectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neonatal appendicitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborns presenting with hematochezia, particularly when rectal bleeding is accompanied by abdominal distension and signs of intestinal obstruction or ileus. Although the condition is rare and its clinical presentation is nonspecific, recognition of atypical presentations may facilitate timely surgical evaluation and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradoxical reactions during treatment of miliary tuberculosis: a 25-year single-centre case series and literature review.","authors":"Abdurrahman Kaya, Ali Mert","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04655-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04655-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paradoxical reactions during otherwise effective anti-tuberculosis treatment can resemble treatment failure or drug resistance. Their frequency and clinical spectrum in miliary tuberculosis are incompletely characterised.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe the timing, manifestations, management and outcomes of paradoxical reactions identified in a defined cohort of patients with miliary tuberculosis and to place these events in the context of the published literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the records of 63 patients with miliary tuberculosis managed at a single centre between 1981 and 2005. A paradoxical reaction was defined as clinical or radiological worsening of an initially improving lesion, or development of a new lesion during appropriate therapy, after reasonable exclusion of treatment failure, drug resistance and alternative diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five of 63 patients (7.9%) developed six paradoxical reaction episodes. Manifestations included multiple subcutaneous abscesses, two small-intestinal perforations, two spontaneous pneumothoraces and progression of miliary nodules with new cavitary lesions. Reactions occurred 10-240 days after treatment initiation (median, 108 days). Five episodes required surgical or interventional management. The anti-tuberculosis regimen was continued without modification in every episode. One patient developed two reactions despite corticosteroid treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus. All patients recovered, with no recurrence during 4-24 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Paradoxical reactions in miliary tuberculosis may be anatomically diverse and life-threatening. Recognition of this pattern, together with careful exclusion of microbiological failure, can prevent unnecessary alteration of effective treatment while ensuring timely management of site-specific complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased skeletal muscle loss as a predictor of recurrence in postoperative lung cancer patients.","authors":"Zeynep Nilufer Tekin, Zeynep Bilgi","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04656-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04656-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skeletal muscle loss and sarcopenia are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between longitudinal postoperative changes in CT-derived skeletal muscle mass and cancer recurrence remains insufficiently explored.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate longitudinal changes in CT-derived skeletal muscle mass at the T4 vertebral level after curative-intent resection for NSCLC and investigate their association with cancer recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent anatomic or non-anatomic lung resection for NSCLC between January 2016 and December 2019 and were followed at the same institution were included. Preoperative and recurrence or last follow-up CT images were evaluated for skeletal muscle mass at the T4 level using the open-source software 3D Slicer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three patients were evaluated, including 44 with recurrence and 19 without recurrence. Mean time to recurrence was 21.1 ± 17.6 months, and mean follow-up in controls was 41.5 ± 10.0 months. Initial and recurrence/last follow-up skeletal muscle mass measurements were comparable between groups. However, mean monthly total skeletal muscle mass loss was significantly greater in patients with recurrence than in controls (135.68 ± 285.52 vs. 16.31 ± 31.53, respectively; p = 0.015). A monthly back muscle mass loss cut-off of ≥ 250.29 showed 79.5% sensitivity, 84.2% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.840 for detecting recurrence. Loss above this cut-off was independently associated with recurrence (odds ratio = 12.583; 95% confidence interval: 2.41-65.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accelerated postoperative skeletal muscle loss was associated with NSCLC recurrence. Serial T4-level muscle assessment on routine surveillance CT may provide a practical supplementary marker for identifying patients at increased risk of recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floating knee injuries: a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes and prognostic factors.","authors":"Murat Taşcı, Furkan Uçar, Mustafa Murat Hakyoldaş","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04679-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04679-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/ aims: </strong>Floating knee injury is a rare high-energy trauma pattern frequently associated with concomitant organ injuries. Optimal treatment timing and the role of external fixation remain subjects of ongoing debate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one patients who underwent surgery for ipsilateral femoral and tibial fractures were retrospectively reviewed. Fractures were classified using the Fraser and Gustilo-Anderson systems. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Karlström-Olerud criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 31 ± 12.1 years; 85% of patients were male. The mean follow-up was 66.6 months. The most common injury mechanism was motorcycle accident (71.4%). According to Karlström criteria, 76.1% of patients achieved excellent or good functional outcomes. External fixation was associated with significantly longer total hospital stay (p = 0.003) and higher superficial infection rates (60.0% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.028) however, this likely reflects greater initial injury severity in patients selected for this approach rather than a direct effect of the device. Patients requiring postoperative ICU admission had significantly higher complication rates (75% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.032). The Injury Severity Score (ISS) correlated significantly with operative time (rs = 0.549, p = 0.010). Delayed definitive surgery was associated with longer total hospital stay (rs = 0.492, p = 0.024) but had no effect on functional outcomes or complication rates. Fraser classification and Gustilo-Anderson grade did not significantly influence functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Floating knee injuries carry significant morbidity despite favourable functional outcomes in the majority of patients. External fixation prolongs hospitalisation and increases infection risk, highlighting the importance of early conversion to definitive fixation in eligible patients. Postoperative ICU admission may serve as a useful indicator for heightened complication risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimorbidity patterns and outcomes among adults (non-maternity) with community-onset sepsis in Ireland: a retrospective national analysis of acute hospital data, 2020-2025.","authors":"Nandakumar Ravichandran, Diarmuid Quinlan, Patricia Fitzpatrick, Ellen Hayes, Mick Molloy, Etimbuk Umana, Tomas Breslin, Aoife Cotter, Walter Cullen","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04662-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04662-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-onset sepsis accounts for most sepsis cases and frequently occurs in individuals with underlying comorbidity. While national analyses in Ireland have described its epidemiology, impact of multimorbidity and how comorbidities co-exist to form patterns remain poorly characterised.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify multimorbidity patterns among adult (non-maternity) episodes with community-onset sepsis and examine their association with critical care admission and in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of Hospital In-Patient Enquiry data from all acute public hospitals in Ireland from January 2020 to December 2025. Community-onset sepsis was defined using the present-on-admission flag. The sample comprised adult episodes aged ≥ 16 years excluding maternal admissions from conception to 6 weeks postpartum. K-means clustering identified patterns of co-occurring diseases. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression examined associations between patterns and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 80,628 sepsis admissions, 58,101 (72.0%) were community-onset. Of these, 53,812 (93.0%) were adult (non-maternity); of these, 35,316 (65.6%) had at least one Charlson comorbidity. Five data-derived multimorbidity patterns were identified: metabolic-multimorbid (31%), oncological-dominant (29%), renal-metabolic (15%), progressive metabolic (13%) and cardiopulmonary (12%). Outcomes varied across patterns, with differences in critical care admission and in-hospital mortality. Cardiopulmonary pattern had the highest odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted-OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.86-2.17).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Charlson comorbidity was recorded in approximately two-thirds of adult community-onset sepsis episodes and formed data-derived patterns associated with differences in critical care admission and in-hospital mortality. Multimorbidity clustering may support future risk stratification research and targeted clinical vigilance for episodes at highest risk of adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstetric and neonatal implications of ultrasonographically diagnosed marginal cord insertion: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Cagdas Nurettin Emeklioglu, Munip Akalin, Merve Kara, Esra Esim Buyukbayrak","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04659-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04659-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marginal cord insertion (MCI) is an anatomical variation hypothesized to cause suboptimal placentation, but its independent impact on perinatal outcomes remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the independent impact of ultrasonographically diagnosed MCI on obstetric and neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study conducted at a tertiary center between January 2022 and January 2025 screened 3,247 pregnancies. Thirty-six cases diagnosed with MCI were initially matched with 108 central cord insertion controls (1:3 ratio) for baseline comparisons. After excluding four MCI cases due to major fetal anomalies or demise, the final analysis included 32 MCI cases and 108 controls. Baseline characteristics, gestational comorbidities, and neonatal outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for maternal age and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of MCI was 1.1%. In univariate analysis, the MCI group had significantly higher rates of preterm delivery (28.1% vs. 9.3%; p = 0.015), lower median birth weight (3087.5 g vs. 3300 g; p = 0.038), and lower 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar scores (p = 0.016 and p = 0.015, respectively) compared to controls. In the multivariable model, MCI was associated with increased odds of preterm birth (aOR: 6.36; 95% CI: 1.73-23.41; p = 0.005). However, associations with low birth weight (aOR: 3.49; p = 0.331) and low Apgar scores did not maintain statistical significance in the adjusted model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MCI is associated with increased odds of preterm birth in our cohort. While neonatal morbidity appears to be primarily mediated by shortened gestation, further large-scale studies are needed to determine whether standardized antenatal surveillance can improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of pelvic floor muscle exercise-based interventions on urinary incontinence during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sümeyye Köse, Handan Özcan, Enzel Köksaldı","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04677-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04677-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME)-based interventions on urinary incontinence outcomes during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the following databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and the YÖK Thesis Center. The literature search was conducted between February 2026 and March 2026, with no restrictions on publication year. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis and narrative synthesis methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 studies involving 1,090 women were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The analyses revealed that pelvic floor muscle exercise-based interventions statistically significantly improved urinary incontinence outcomes and had a moderate effect size. (SMD: 0.534; 95% CI: 0.108 to 0.960; Z = 2.459; p = 0.014; I² = 90.370). The study found that the country where the intervention was implemented influenced the effect size of PFME interventions for pregnant women (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that PFME-based interventions have a significant effect on urinary incontinence outcomes during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (Registration No: CRD420261342188).</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunonutritional status and survival after cardiac arrest: prognostic value of the prognostic nutritional index, the cholesterol-modified prognostic nutritional index, and the controlling nutritional status score in post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation intensive care patients.","authors":"Fatih Sahin, Havva Kocayigit, Merve Akben, Esra Gundogdu Eryilmaz, Ali Fuat Erdem","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04672-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04672-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest experience marked systemic inflammation, metabolic stress, and nutritional impairment, all of which contribute to high mortality. Practical prognostic indices reflecting immunonutritional status may facilitate early risk stratification in this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the prognostic value of immunonutritional indices for predicting mortality in patients with ROSC after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, retrospective cohort study included adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit after ROSC following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 2015 and January 2025. Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), cholesterol-modified Prognostic Nutritional Index (CPNI), and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) scores were calculated from laboratory parameters obtained within the first 24 h of ICU admission. Patients were classified as survivors or non-survivors based on ICU outcome. Associations with mortality were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and discriminatory performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 444 post-ROSC patients, non-survivors had lower PNI (43.66 ± 15.47 vs. 55.06 ± 17.21) and higher CPNI (81.10 ± 13.70 vs. 66.90 ± 18.25) and CONUT scores (4.27 ± 3.04 vs. 2.43 ± 2.43; all p < 0.001). In separate stepwise multivariable models, PNI (aOR 0.64 per 10-point increase), CPNI (aOR 1.25 per 10-point increase), and CONUT (aOR 1.24 per 1-point increase) remained independently associated with mortality. AUCs were 0.689, 0.631, and 0.681, respectively; PNI showed the highest sensitivity (86.3%) at a cut-off of ≤ 59.90.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PNI, CPNI, and CONUT were significantly associated with ICU mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. These indices may reflect systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction, metabolic stress, and nutritional reserve rather than nutritional status alone. Their availability from routine laboratory parameters may support early risk stratification. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm their prognostic value and clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between pulse wave velocity and microvascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zekeriya Keskin, Musa Polat, Mustafa S Karatepe, Mustafa A Gedikli","doi":"10.1007/s11845-026-04675-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-026-04675-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between microvascular complications and their combinations in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), an indicator of arterial stiffness (AS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 160 patients with type 2 DM were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study. PWV and clinical/laboratory data were recorded. Groups were compared according to the presence and combinations of diabetic nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Independent predictors of PWV were analyzed using multiple linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 60.85 ± 9.64 years, and the mean PWV was 8.90 ± 1.66 m/s. PWV was higher in the presence of DRP (9.47 vs. 8.70; p = 0.010) and was found to be independently associated in multivariate analysis (p = 0.047). PWV was increased in the presence of DPN (9.16 vs. 8.58; p = 0.023) but no independent association was demonstrated (p = 0.360). PWV was significantly higher in the presence of DN (9.76 vs. 8.52; p < 0.001) and remained an independent predictor (p = 0.017). In the combination analyses, while DN + DPN (p = 0.012) and DRP + DPN (p = 0.001) were independently associated with PWV, the triple combination (p = 0.091) and DN + DRP (p = 0.338) were not found to be statistically significant. Age was the strongest predictor in all models (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PWV increases in DM patients with microvascular complications, particularly in the presence of DN and DRP, suggesting that it may parallel microvascular burden. PWV measurement may contribute to the identification of cardiovascular (CV) high-risk phenotypes by reflecting increased AS burden in DM patients with microvascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}