{"title":"Does FDG PETCT have a predictive value for neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in nonmetastatic breast cancer?","authors":"Ender Dogan, Safak Yildirim Disli, Esra Asik, Seyhan Karacavus, Feyyaz Ozdemir","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03856-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03856-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A pathological complete response (pCR) rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is important for the prognosis of early-stage breast cancer. The prediction of an NAC response plays a key role in managing neoadjuvant treatment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive value of the baseline PETCT FDG (F-18 fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography) SUVmax (the maximum standardized uptake value) for pCR after NAC in early-stage breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients who performed PETCT before NAC were included in this retrospective study. The basal PETCT SUVmax values were divided into two categories based on the cutoff points of ≥ 8.77 or < 8.77, namely the low SUV max group and the high SUV max group. These two groups were compared according to the general characteristics. The impact of the PETCT SUVmax values on pCR was determined with logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred forty-eight patients who performed PETCT before NAC were included in this retrospective study. Eighty-one patients were in the low SUV max group and 67 patients were in the high SUVmax group. The pCR trended toward a higher rate in the high SUVmax group than in low SUVmax group but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.052). The baseline PETCT SUVmax value was an independent predictive factor for pCR. (p = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PETCT SUVmax may be a factor for the predicting complete response to neoadjuvant treatment in early-stage breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco P Cappuccio, Oscar Phillips, Johnny Sanders
{"title":"Integrity in research to maintain public trust. A critique of the manuscript by Vats V and coll. published in the Irish J Med Sci 2024; 193: 1787-95.","authors":"Francesco P Cappuccio, Oscar Phillips, Johnny Sanders","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03838-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03838-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"399-400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline O'Connor, Sara Leitao, Paul Corcoran, Keelin O'Donoghue
{"title":"Perinatal deaths in twin and singleton infants in Ireland: A comparison of characteristics and causes.","authors":"Caroline O'Connor, Sara Leitao, Paul Corcoran, Keelin O'Donoghue","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03829-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03829-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Twin pregnancies are associated with significantly higher perinatal mortality (PM) rates compared to singletons, primarily due to complications like fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and congenital anomalies. This study aimed to compare the characteristics associated with PM in twin pregnancies and compare maternal and obstetric factors and cause of death among twins and singletons in the Republic of Ireland.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data spanning 2011 to 2022 from the National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre's annual perinatal mortality clinical audit included 4494 perinatal deaths. Maternal characteristics, antenatal care factors and cause of death were analysed with relative risk calculated using national Hospital In-Patient Enquiry data. Pearson's chi-squared tests studied the difference between mortality in twins and singletons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twins accounted for 10.4% of all perinatal deaths, despite representing only 3.6% of total births. The PM rate for twins was 17.3 per 1000 births, 3.1 times higher than for singletons. Early neonatal deaths (ENNDs) were more frequent in twins (54.2%), while stillbirths predominated among singletons (68.6%). Younger maternal age and lower BMI were associated with higher PM risks in twins. A considerable proportion of twin deaths with major congenital anomalies or birth before 28 weeks gestation occurred in non-tertiary hospitals, suggesting limitations in referral pathways to centres with appropriate neonatal expertise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Twin pregnancies pose a higher risk of perinatal mortality, particularly among younger mothers and preterm births. The findings highlight the need for updated guidelines that prioritise early risk assessment, targeted interventions, and improved referral systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"167-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ozlem Canan Ozbaltan, Sumeyye Cakmak, Ozgur Sogut, Adem Az, Hasan Ogur
{"title":"Predictive value of NT-proBNP for major adverse cardiovascular events within a 6-month period in patients with acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Ozlem Canan Ozbaltan, Sumeyye Cakmak, Ozgur Sogut, Adem Az, Hasan Ogur","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03849-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03849-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of NT-proBNP as a cardiac biomarker for predicting short-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study investigated the utility of the NT-proBNP level for predicting MACEs within a 6-month period in patients with ACS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 241 consecutively enrolled adults with ACS between September 2023 and February 2024. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, GRACE score, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and NT-proBNP levels were compared between patients who were MACE-positive vs. MACE-negative within a 6-month period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mortality rate was 8.7%, and the incidence of MACEs was 43.2%. The mean serum levels of hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP were significantly higher in the MACE-positive than in the MACE-negative group. Age, concomitant coronary artery disease, NT-proBNP, and GRACE score were independent predictors of MACEs in patients with ACS. An NT-proBNP level of 250 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 73.1% and a specificity of 88.3% for predicting MACEs, with an area under the curve of 0.847. The estimated risk of MACEs was 70% and 90% for NT-proBNP values of 600 pg/mL and 900 pg/mL, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NT-proBNP level measured at ED admission was strongly associated with short-term MACEs in patients with all ACS subtypes and was an important prognostic biomarker. Therefore, combining the NT-proBNP level with the GRACE score in ACS patients may provide significant benefits in terms of predicting MACEs and obtaining a more accurate risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rohil F Dureja, Caoimhe Casey, Josephine Barry, Antoinette Tuthill
{"title":"The clinical significance and burden of thyroid nodules discovered incidentally.","authors":"Rohil F Dureja, Caoimhe Casey, Josephine Barry, Antoinette Tuthill","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03858-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03858-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The majority of thyroid nodules are benign; however current guidelines suggest that thyroid incidentalomas should be appropriately evaluated to rule out malignancy.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to determine the incidence of thyroid incidentalomas and the likelihood that they harbour sinister pathology in the largest Irish cohort studied to-date.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational chart review was conducted using data from July 2018 to December 2018 using the Radiology Database in use at Cork University Hospital. The text of 1000 imaging reports (500 carotid Doppler and 500 computed tomography thorax) was manually screened for phrases such as \"thyroid mass\" or \"thyroid nodule\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On 1000 scans, 14 (1.4%) thyroid incidentalomas were discovered. The occurrence of incidentalomas by imaging was 2/500 (0.4%) for ultrasound and 12/500 (2.4%) for computed tomography. Three of these nodules (21.4%) were further evaluated with a subsequent ultrasound and due to a size of more than 1 cm underwent fine needle aspiration. Using the Thy classification, all three were given a Thy 2 (non-neoplastic) grading.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that there was no clinical benefit to reporting the presence of thyroid incidentalomas incidentally noted on radiology investigations. Although the overall percentage of thyroid incidentalomas is low, this number may be enough to cause unnecessary strain on the healthcare system and burden patients with invasive investigations in addition to causing unnecessary anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radmila Peric, Igor Romčević, Milica Mastilović, Ivana Starčević, Jasmina Boban
{"title":"Age-related volume decrease in subcortical gray matter is a part of healthy brain aging in men.","authors":"Radmila Peric, Igor Romčević, Milica Mastilović, Ivana Starčević, Jasmina Boban","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03840-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03840-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the global population aging, the number of individuals over 60 is expected to double by 2050. Brain volume increases until age 13, stabilizes between 18 and 35, then declines by 0.2% annually. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies highlight significant gray matter atrophy, necessitating differentiation between normal aging and neurodegeneration.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study assessed the impact of aging on subcortical gray matter in healthy males to identify biomarkers of physiological aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of 106 healthy males who underwent brain MRI from 2012 to 2016, divided into two age groups: younger and older than 35 years. MRI scans were performed using a 3 T machine, and volumetric analysis was conducted with VolBrain software. Subcortical gray matter volumes were compared between groups. The Shapiro-Wilk test evaluated normality. Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis, with significance defined as p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total intracranial volume was comparable between age groups (p = 0.527). Significant volume reductions (p < 0.05) were observed in subcortical gray matter structures, including the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, thalamus, and ventral diencephalon, particularly on the right side in the elderly group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subcortical gray matter volume in healthy males shows significant differences between older and younger individuals (p < 0.05), with asymmetrical reduction and certain structures on the right aging more rapidly. These findings are significant for distinguishing healthy aging from neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"339-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sean O'Regan, Jack Adams, Benjamin M Jacob, Heather Burns, Patrick Redmond
{"title":"Redefining cancer care: the importance of primary care cancer research in Ireland.","authors":"Sean O'Regan, Jack Adams, Benjamin M Jacob, Heather Burns, Patrick Redmond","doi":"10.1007/s11845-024-03864-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11845-024-03864-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"55-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Isioma Ofili, Ugochukwu E Uzuegbu, Bartholomew Chukwuebuka Nwogueze, Clinton Ulakpa
{"title":"Knowledge and attitude to dietary regimen among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: implication for glycemic control.","authors":"Mary Isioma Ofili, Ugochukwu E Uzuegbu, Bartholomew Chukwuebuka Nwogueze, Clinton Ulakpa","doi":"10.1007/s11845-025-03871-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-025-03871-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Diabetic patients frequently face difficulty in identifying and adhering to dietary regimen, including its quality and quantity. This study assessed the knowledge and attitude to dietary regimen among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, as implication for glycemic control. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the knowledge on dietary regimen, assess the attitude to dietary regimen among diabetic patients, and determine the relationship between the knowledge and attitude to dietary regimen among diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive survey design was used for the study. Convenience sampling technique and a sample size of 150 were used. Self-developed questionnaire was administered. Data was collected, analyzed, and presented in tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings from the study shows that 80% of the respondents have knowledge on adherence to dietary regimen while 61.3% of the respondents finds keeping to dietary regimen for managing diabetes difficult. Meanwhile, highest responses were attributed to family support, this was followed by support group and enlightenment programs, while the least measure was found in mass campaign.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It therefore shows that although there is high knowledge base on dietary regimen, diabetic patients often find difficulty in adhering to the prescribed regimen. Hence, it is important that measures to promote positive attitude to dietary regimen among diabetic patients be devised to enhance management outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14507,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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