Invasive Plant Science and Management最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of integrating mowing and systemic herbicides applied with a weed wiper for Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis management in Florida","authors":"Jose C.L.S. Dias, Temnotfo L. Mncube, Brent A. Sellers, Jason A. Ferrell, Stephen F. Enloe, Joao M.B. Vendramini, Philipe Moriel","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.16","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Sporobolus indicus</jats:italic> (L.) R. Br. var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> (P. Beauv.) Veldkamp is an invasive species in grasslands, and herbicide application has been the most efficient management method to suppress this weed. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of wiping glyphosate and hexazinone on <jats:italic>S. indicus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> in 2017 and 2018. A dose-response experiment using a hand-held weed wiper was established with twenty treatments comprising two herbicides (glyphosate and hexazinone), uni- and bi-directional wiping methods, and five herbicide concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100% v/v basis). Data were collected 30 and 60 days after treatment (DAT). An ATV-mounted roto-type weed wiper experiment was established in a strip plot arrangement with mowing as the horizontal strip, the wiping method (uni-directional vs bi-directional) randomized as the vertical strip with three dosages of each herbicide for a total of 12 wiping treatments. Data were collected 35 and 90 DAT. The percent plant mortality was calculated using differences in pre- and post-treatment plant counts. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and log-logistic linear regression were used to analyze the data. The dose-response experiment showed that <jats:italic>S. indicus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> mortality increased with herbicide concentration and mortality was greater with the bi-directional wiping method compared to the uni-directional method. Treatments wiped bi-directionally with glyphosate at 70% v/v, hexazinone at 30% v/v and hexazinone at 60% v/v, resulted in <jats:italic>S. indicus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> mortality ranging from 75 to 98% by 90 DAT across all locations. The ATV-mounted weed-wiper experiment showed that mowing prior to herbicide application with weed-wipers decreased the efficacy of both herbicides. Overall, both experiments indicate that <jats:italic>S. indicus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> should be wiped bi-directionally using either glyphosate (70% v/v) or hexazinone (at least 30% v/v) to obtain satisfactory control. Further work should be conducted to determine if seasonality impacts the response of <jats:italic>S. indicus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>pyramidalis</jats:italic> to mowing and the application of these herbicides.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injection-based approaches for controlling Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) invasion in conservation efforts of the Patagonian forest","authors":"M. Florencia Spalazzi, Tomás Milani, Cecilia I. Nuñez, Martin A. Nuñez, François P. Teste","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.11","url":null,"abstract":"Invasion by nonnative woody species poses a major threat to the environment, biodiversity, and economies worldwide. Nahuel Huapi National Park in Argentina is a protected area for habitat conservation that harbors several invasive <jats:italic>Pinaceae</jats:italic> species, where Douglas-fir [<jats:italic>Pseudotsuga menziesii</jats:italic> (Mirb.) Franco] is one of the most aggressive and abundant conifer tree invaders. Management of invasions in protected areas must include efficient, easy to deploy, and cost-effective techniques, while reducing the impact on native ecosystems. Because the region has no control measures applied other than conventional felling, we analyzed the effectiveness of two systemic herbicides (glyphosate and aminopyralid + triclopyr) at two different concentrations, applied with the drill and fill method. We then quantified defoliation of <jats:italic>P. menziesii</jats:italic> trees after 6, 12, and 24 mo after application and performed an economic cost analysis to determine profitability. For the application, the trees were grouped into diameter at breast height classes and randomly assigned to one of the four treatments. Herbicide doses were adjusted according to tree size. We found that glyphosate at high concentrations completely defoliated 33% of the trees after 6 mo and 87% after 12 and 24 mo. Glyphosate at low concentrations defoliated almost 30% of the trees after 24 mo, most of which were smaller trees. The aminopyralid + triclopyr treatment did not produce significant defoliation at any of the tested concentrations. When compared with conventional felling, the drill and fill method was found to reduce removal costs by 98%. We observe that differences in costs are mainly due to dead trees that remain standing, decompose slowly, and do not generate costs associated with their removal and debris management. Drill and fill is a suitable method for treating scattered trees in a native forest community, with reduced environmental consequences compared with other removal techniques currently applied within conservation areas of the Patagonian forest.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal phenology and starch allocation patterns in populations of Oxycaryum cubense forma cubense and paraguayense in Mississippi, Louisiana, and Florida","authors":"Allison C. Squires, R. Wersal, G. Turnage, C. Mudge, Benjamin P. Sperry","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Phenological studies for Cuban bulrush [Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye] have been limited to the monocephalous form in Lake Columbus (Mississippi). Accordingly, there is little available information on potential phenological differences among Cuban bulrush forms (monocephalous vs. polycephalous) and populations in other geographic locations in the United States. Therefore, seasonal patterns of biomass and starch allocation in Cuban bulrush were quantified from two populations in Lake Columbus on the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway in Mississippi (monocephalous), two populations from Lake Martin in Louisiana (polycephalous), and two populations from Orange Lake in Florida (polycephalous). Monthly samples of Cuban bulrush inflorescence, emergent, and submersed tissue were harvested from two plots per state from October 2021 to September 2022. During monthly data collection, air temperature and photoperiod were recorded. Starch allocation patterns were similar among all sites, with starch storage being less than 1.5% dry weight for all plant tissues. Biomass was greatest in Lake Columbus (monocephalous; 600.7 g DW m-2) followed by Lake Martin (polycephalous; 392.3 g DW m-2) and Orange Lake (polycephalous; 233.85 g DW m-2). Peak inflorescence biomass occurred in the winter for the Lake Martin and Orange Lake populations, and in the summer for the Lake Columbus population. Inflorescence biomass in Lake Columbus had a positive relationship (r2=0.53) with warmer air temperatures. Emergent and submersed biomass generally had negative relationships with both photoperiod and temperature (r2=0.022-0.7789) in all sites. Peak biomass was also negatively related to temperature and photoperiod. Results from this study indicate that there are differences in biomass allocation between the two growth forms of Cuban bulrush and that growth can occur at temperatures below freezing. Low temperature tolerance may allow this species to expand its range further north than previously suspected.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of nonnative, invasive tree logs for commercial mushroom production","authors":"Kristen E. Bowers, Stephen D. Hight, Neil W. Miller, Alexander M. Gaffke, Jennifer E. Taylor","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Removal and disposal of nonnative trees is expensive and time-consuming. Using these nonnative trees as a substrate to produce edible mushrooms could diversify farming operations and provide additional income to small-scale farmers. This research compared the production of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) on nonnative tree logs to shiitake mushroom production on native oak (Quercus L.) logs, which are the traditional substrate. In a 2-yr study, we evaluated nonnative tree species as alternate substrates for growing shiitake mushrooms at farms in northern Florida and southern Georgia. A mix of native Quercus spp. and nonnative trees was targeted for removal on participating farms. Five nonnative tree species were initially tested for their ability to produce edible mushrooms, either shiitake or oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida). Of the nonnative trees we tested: Chinaberry (Melia azedarach L.), Chinese tallowtree [Triadica sebifera (L.) Small], silktree (Albizia julibrissin Durazz.), earleaf acacia (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.), and paperbark tree [Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.F. Blake], only T. sebifera produced shiitake mushrooms, and none produced native Florida oyster mushrooms. In on-farm trials, Quercus spp. logs produced more total mushrooms and more mushrooms per log and had a higher total mushroom yield per log. However, mushrooms produced on T. sebifera logs had higher mean weight per mushroom. Edible mushroom fungi can be used to recycle invasive, nonnative T. sebifera and transform their biomass from waste into an income-producing resource.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal carbonization of invasive plant biomass as a tool for its safe utilization and production of artificial humic substances","authors":"M. Kļaviņš, L. Ansone-Bērtiņa, J. Krūmiņš, O. Purmalis, L. Kļaviņa, Z. Vincevica-Gaile","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Invasive plants may cause significant environmental risks by affecting biological diversity, ecosystem services, agriculture, and forestry. Safe utilization of invasive plant biomass by obtaining new outcome products useful for bioeconomics is a challenging but promising solution. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) presents a sustainable and cost-effective approach to transforming invasive plant biomass into new products while simultaneously supporting carbon capture aims. This study utilized invasive plants such as lupine [Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.], Sosnowsky’s hogweed [Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.], and Japanese knotweed [Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc.] as biomass sources for HTC to produce artificial humic substances (AHS). The greatest impact on the yield of AHS (maximum gained yield 62%) has the duration of the HTC process (up to 6 h) and temperature of the treatment (from 160 up to 250 °C), as well as the catalyst used (an alkaline medium is preferable). During the HTC treatment, significant changes in the invasive plant biomass composition occur as indicated by the removal of labile components of organic matter. Obtained AHS are essentially similar to natural humic matter and have biostimulatory properties; thus, they can find application in agriculture and other areas of bioeconomics.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of dry heat and steam on germination of dry and imbibed seeds of the invasive garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.)","authors":"Elin L. Blomqvist, E. Orlikowska, Hanna Paikert, R. L. Eckstein","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Regularly mown road verges are an important habitat for conservation of grassland vegetation. Disturbance and movement of seed-contaminated soil during road construction and maintenance makes road verges susceptible to the establishment of invasive alien plants such as garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.). To combat spread of L. polyphyllus via seeds, we tested methods for seed destruction using heat. This study aimed at developing heat eradication methods for dry and imbibed L. polyphyllus seeds applying dry heat (88, 93, 98, 103 C at 1, 3, 5, 10 min) in a laboratory, steam (85, 90, 95 C at 3, 5, 10 min) in a test-box steaming device and (97 C at 10-17 min; dry seeds only) in a stationary soil-steaming machine (S30). In order to speed up water absorption and post-treatment germination, the imbibed seeds were manually scarified before the heat treatment and the dry seeds afterwards. Additionally, germination of two different age seed batches was tested applying dry heat (88, 98 C at 3, 5 min). The results showed that steam treatments inhibited seed germination more than dry heat in both dry and imbibed seeds. Germination dropped to < 5% when steamed at ≥ 90 C or dry-heated at > 100 C. Seed germination decreased with higher temperatures and longer exposure times. Imbibed seeds exhibited lower germination compared to dry seeds for dry and steam heat. Approximately 0.5% of dry seeds germinated when steamed using S30. 2022-collected seeds were less sensitive to dry heat than seeds from 2020. In conclusion, hot steam is more effective in reducing L. polyphyllus seed germination than dry heat. Thus, to successfully eradicate L. polyphyllus seeds in soil masses, we recommend steaming them at 97 C for at least 10 minutes.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excising the ghosts of invasions past: restoring native vegetation to soil infested with invasive swallow-worts","authors":"Emmett H. U. Snyder, Ian M. Jones, Melanie A. Sifton, Carla Timm, Courtney Stevens, Robert S. Bourchier, Sandy M. Smith","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.7","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive plants can gain a foothold in new environments by manipulating soil conditions through allelopathy or through the disruption of associations between native plants and their mycorrhizal associates. The resulting changes in soil conditions can affect the recovery of habitats long after the invasive plant has been removed. We conducted a series of greenhouse experiments to examine the effects of soil conditioned by pale swallow-wort [<jats:italic>Vincetoxicum rossicum</jats:italic> (Kleopow) Barbarich; Apocynaceae], on the growth of native plants. Additionally, we tested the effects of aqueous extracts of common milkweed (<jats:italic>Asclepias syriaca</jats:italic> L.; Apocynaceae), a related plant with known allelopathic effects, on the regrowth of <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic> from transplanted root crowns. Soil from a 15-yr-old <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic> infestation reduced seedling emergence in <jats:italic>A. syriaca</jats:italic> as well as in <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic> itself. Conversely, the same soil had no effect on the growth of mature <jats:italic>A. syriaca</jats:italic> plants. Soil conditioned by <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic> growth in the greenhouse had no effect on the biomass and percentage cover generated by two restoration seed mixes. Soil conditioned by <jats:italic>A. syriaca</jats:italic>, however, yielded lower biomass and percentage cover from both seed mixes. In contrast to the allelopathic effects of <jats:italic>A. syriaca</jats:italic> on seedlings, aqueous extracts of <jats:italic>A. syriaca</jats:italic> increased aboveground plant growth in <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic>. Our results suggest that the effects of <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic>–conditioned soil on native plants are concentrated at the seedling establishment phase. Additionally, the use of diverse native seed mixes shows great potential for restoring productivity to ecosystems affected by <jats:italic>V. rossicum</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and reinoculation of a gall-inducing fungus in the invasive Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) in Florida","authors":"Dale A. Halbritter, Min B. Rayamajhi, Paul Madeira, Jorge G. Leidi, Telmah Telmadarrehei, Carey Minteer","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.3","url":null,"abstract":"Stem galls and witch’s broom–like growths are locally abundant on the highly invasive Brazilian peppertree (<jats:italic>Schinus terebinthifolia</jats:italic>) at field sites in southern Florida where a thrips biological control agent (<jats:italic>Pseudophilothrips ichini</jats:italic>) is being released to reduce the invasive potential of the plant. Galls have also been observed on potted plants in nursery stock grown to feed laboratory colonies of the agent. Herein, our objective was to isolate and identify the causal agent of the galls and assess its ability to induce galls in naive plants. We obtained stem galls from both field- and nursery-grown plants, aseptically isolated a fungus in acidic potato dextrose agar, and purified fungal colonies. Stems of potted naive saplings were wound-inoculated with purified hyphal fragments from the purified colonies, which readily induced galls like those observed in the field and nursery. Simultaneous molecular analysis of the fungal DNA obtained from the galls of field and nursery plants, experimentally induced galls, and fungal colony isolates identified this gall-inducing fungus as <jats:italic>Cophinforma</jats:italic> sp. We demonstrated that this <jats:italic>Cophinforma</jats:italic> sp. can infect <jats:italic>S. terebinthifolia</jats:italic> stems via mechanical wounds and induce visibly discernible stem galls in saplings within 3 mo. This will serve as a model for galled plant production for assessing the impacts of the gall-inducing fungus on <jats:italic>S. terebinthifolia</jats:italic>, with potential for further study to investigate interactions between the thrips and this naturalized fungus, which may synergistically and/or additively enhance <jats:italic>S. terebinthifolia</jats:italic> management efficacy.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the influence of environmental factors on fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) germination and its management implications","authors":"Virender Singh Hooda, Bhagirath Singh Chauhan","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.8","url":null,"abstract":"Fireweed (<jats:italic>Senecio madagascariensis</jats:italic> Poir.) has invaded and colonized numerous habitats in the coastal areas of southeastern Australia and is a major weed in cultivated lands as well as in poorly grassed, neglected, and highly grazed pastures. To examine the seed germination ecology of two populations (Felton and Gatton) of <jats:italic>S. madagascariensis</jats:italic>, experiments were conducted in the laboratory and screenhouse. The germination of both populations increased as the alternating temperatures increased from the coolest temperatures (15/5 C) to warmer temperatures (25/15 C). However, the highest temperature regime (35/25 C) resulted in the lowest germination rates. The Gatton population exhibited greater tolerance to higher temperatures, resulting in significantly higher germination (2.4 times) than the Felton population at the highest alternating temperature of 35/25 C. Compared to the Felton population, the Gatton population demonstrated higher tolerance to salt and water stress. In comparison to alternating light and dark periods (12 h each) (97-98%), the germination of both populations of <jats:italic>S. madagascariensis</jats:italic> was significantly reduced under complete darkness (24 h) (33-39%). A screenhouse seed burial depth experiment revealed similar emergence of <jats:italic>S. madagascariensis</jats:italic> seedlings between the populations. The maximum emergence (60%) was observed for seeds placed at the soil surface, followed by a dramatic decline in seedling emergence with an increase in depth. No seedlings emerged from a burial depth of 4 cm. With the addition of wheat crop residue to the soil surface at rates comparable to 4 to 8 Mg ha<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>, seedling emergence of <jats:italic>S. madagascariensis</jats:italic> decreased significantly. Information acquired from this study could be utilized to manage and develop effective weed management strategies for controlling <jats:italic>S. madagascariensis</jats:italic> in different agroecological conditions.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fall or spring aminopyralid applications control Taeniatherum caput-medusae","authors":"Lisa C. Jones, Cody Beckley, Corey V. Ransom, Timothy S. Prather","doi":"10.1017/inp.2024.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Taeniatherum caput-medusae</jats:italic> (L.) Nevski is an invasive winter annual grass of western North American grasslands and rangelands that negatively impacts forage production, wildlife habitat, and ecosystem processes. Growth regulator herbicides, such as aminopyralid, applied in spring reduce invasive annual grass seed viability in greenhouse and California annual grassland experiments. Beginning in fall 2017, we tested combinations of sequential fall (preemergence, PRE) and spring (postemergence, POST) aminopyralid applications at low (103 g ae ha<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>) and high (206 g ae ha<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>) rates at two ecologically distinct sites in the Intermountain West. PRE and POST aminopyralid applications at low and high rates controlled <jats:italic>T. caput-medusae</jats:italic> by 76-100% the second summer after study initiation. At the Utah site (which is warmer, drier, and more degraded than the Idaho site), the high rate resulted in better control. The first summer, POST aminopyralid applications at low and high rates reduced seed viability 47-91% compared to nontreated seeds, with the greatest reductions seen in Utah, which was experiencing drought. Across study sites, reduced <jats:italic>T. caput-medusae</jats:italic> germination in one year was linked to improved control the following year. The Idaho site also had desirable perennial grasses on which we investigated non-target effects. In general, there was a correlation between high <jats:italic>T. caput-medusae</jats:italic> control and higher perennial grass cover, indicating that successful control can make desirable perennial grasses more vigorous in this system. The option of a spring aminopyralid application increases the management window for controlling invasive annual grasses by decreasing seed viability, thereby depleting short-lived seed banks.","PeriodicalId":14470,"journal":{"name":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140005816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}