Emmett H. U. Snyder, Ian M. Jones, Melanie A. Sifton, Carla Timm, Courtney Stevens, Robert S. Bourchier, Sandy M. Smith
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Invasive plants can gain a foothold in new environments by manipulating soil conditions through allelopathy or through the disruption of associations between native plants and their mycorrhizal associates. The resulting changes in soil conditions can affect the recovery of habitats long after the invasive plant has been removed. We conducted a series of greenhouse experiments to examine the effects of soil conditioned by pale swallow-wort [Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich; Apocynaceae], on the growth of native plants. Additionally, we tested the effects of aqueous extracts of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.; Apocynaceae), a related plant with known allelopathic effects, on the regrowth of V. rossicum from transplanted root crowns. Soil from a 15-yr-old V. rossicum infestation reduced seedling emergence in A. syriaca as well as in V. rossicum itself. Conversely, the same soil had no effect on the growth of mature A. syriaca plants. Soil conditioned by V. rossicum growth in the greenhouse had no effect on the biomass and percentage cover generated by two restoration seed mixes. Soil conditioned by A. syriaca, however, yielded lower biomass and percentage cover from both seed mixes. In contrast to the allelopathic effects of A. syriaca on seedlings, aqueous extracts of A. syriaca increased aboveground plant growth in V. rossicum. Our results suggest that the effects of V. rossicum–conditioned soil on native plants are concentrated at the seedling establishment phase. Additionally, the use of diverse native seed mixes shows great potential for restoring productivity to ecosystems affected by V. rossicum.
入侵植物可以通过等位效应或通过破坏本地植物与其菌根伙伴之间的联系来操纵土壤条件,从而在新环境中站稳脚跟。由此导致的土壤条件变化会在入侵植物被移除后很长时间内影响栖息地的恢复。我们进行了一系列温室实验,以研究苍燕草[Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich; Apocynaceae]调节土壤条件对本地植物生长的影响。此外,我们还测试了普通乳草(Asclepias syriaca L.; Apocynaceae)的水提取物(一种已知具有等位异化作用的相关植物)对从移植根冠中重新生长的燕麦草的影响。15 年的 V. rossicum 侵染土壤降低了 A. syriaca 和 V. rossicum 本身的出苗率。相反,同样的土壤对成熟的 A. syriaca 植物的生长没有影响。在温室中生长的 V. rossicum 所调节的土壤对两种恢复性混合种子产生的生物量和覆盖率没有影响。然而,经 A. syriaca 改良过的土壤对两种混合种子产生的生物量和覆盖率都较低。与 A. syriaca 对幼苗的等位影响相反,A. syriaca 的水提取物却能增加 V. rossicum 的地上部植物生长。我们的研究结果表明,V. rossicum 调理土壤对本地植物的影响集中在幼苗生长阶段。此外,使用多样化的本地混合种子显示出恢复受 V. rossicum 影响的生态系统生产力的巨大潜力。
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.