Fall or spring aminopyralid applications control Taeniatherum caput-medusae

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Lisa C. Jones, Cody Beckley, Corey V. Ransom, Timothy S. Prather
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Abstract

Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski is an invasive winter annual grass of western North American grasslands and rangelands that negatively impacts forage production, wildlife habitat, and ecosystem processes. Growth regulator herbicides, such as aminopyralid, applied in spring reduce invasive annual grass seed viability in greenhouse and California annual grassland experiments. Beginning in fall 2017, we tested combinations of sequential fall (preemergence, PRE) and spring (postemergence, POST) aminopyralid applications at low (103 g ae ha-1) and high (206 g ae ha-1) rates at two ecologically distinct sites in the Intermountain West. PRE and POST aminopyralid applications at low and high rates controlled T. caput-medusae by 76-100% the second summer after study initiation. At the Utah site (which is warmer, drier, and more degraded than the Idaho site), the high rate resulted in better control. The first summer, POST aminopyralid applications at low and high rates reduced seed viability 47-91% compared to nontreated seeds, with the greatest reductions seen in Utah, which was experiencing drought. Across study sites, reduced T. caput-medusae germination in one year was linked to improved control the following year. The Idaho site also had desirable perennial grasses on which we investigated non-target effects. In general, there was a correlation between high T. caput-medusae control and higher perennial grass cover, indicating that successful control can make desirable perennial grasses more vigorous in this system. The option of a spring aminopyralid application increases the management window for controlling invasive annual grasses by decreasing seed viability, thereby depleting short-lived seed banks.
秋季或春季施用氨吡菌酰胺可控制褐藻鳞茎藻(Taeniatherum caput-medusae
Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski 是一种入侵北美西部草地和牧场的冬季一年生草,对饲草生产、野生动物栖息地和生态系统过程有负面影响。在温室和加利福尼亚一年生草地实验中,春季施用的生长调节剂除草剂(如氨吡啉酸)可降低入侵的一年生草种子活力。从 2017 年秋季开始,我们在山间西部两个生态不同的地点测试了秋季(出苗前,PRE)和春季(出苗后,POST)按顺序施用氨吡菌酰胺的组合,施用量分别为低(103 g ae ha-1)和高(206 g ae ha-1)。在研究开始后的第二个夏天,低剂量和高剂量的氨吡菌酰胺在施用前和施用后可控制褐飞虱76%-100%。在犹他州的研究地点(与爱达荷州的研究地点相比,犹他州的气候更温暖、更干燥、退化程度更高),高用药量的控制效果更好。第一个夏天,在低施用量和高施用量下施用氨吡菌酰胺后,种子活力比未施用氨吡菌酰胺的种子降低了 47-91% ,其中犹他州的种子活力降低幅度最大,因为犹他州当时正经历干旱。在所有研究地点,头状花序蓟马发芽率的降低与第二年防治效果的改善有关。爱达荷州的研究地点还种植了理想的多年生草本植物,我们对这些草本植物的非目标效应进行了调查。总的来说,T. caput-medusae 的高控制率与较高的多年生草覆盖率之间存在相关性,这表明成功的控制可以使该系统中理想的多年生草更有活力。春季施用氨吡菌酰胺可降低种子活力,从而消耗短寿命种子库,从而增加控制入侵一年生禾本科植物的管理窗口期。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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