Andrea Siobhan Kierans, Areeb Lutfi, Maaz Khan Afghan, Sahrish Khan, Sana Javaid, Brian Michael Currie, Juan Rocca, Benjamin Samstein, Encouse Golden, Elizabeta Popa, Erika Hissong, Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi
{"title":"Spectrum of Findings Seen in Patients With <i>IDH1/2-Mutant</i> Cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Andrea Siobhan Kierans, Areeb Lutfi, Maaz Khan Afghan, Sahrish Khan, Sana Javaid, Brian Michael Currie, Juan Rocca, Benjamin Samstein, Encouse Golden, Elizabeta Popa, Erika Hissong, Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi","doi":"10.1177/10668969241271397","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241271397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCholangiocarcinoma-with a growing incidence rate and poor prognosis-is not an uncommon cancer. Molecular profiling can reveal actionable aberrations in at least a third of the tumors. This is especially so in the case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), where mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes (<i>IDH1/2</i>) make up 15%-20% of these tumors. <i>IDH1/2</i> mutant ICC is a rare disease that has not been adequately reported. To expand the spectrum of findings seen in these patients, we present a single institution case series.Methods and resultsWe descriptively characterize the clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings of 12 such patients. <i>IDH1/2</i> mutant ICC was found in elderly women, with two-thirds of patients having additional co-mutations. Anecdotally, patients who did receive systemic and/or locoregional therapies had long-term durable outcomes.ConclusionOur findings indicate an increasing need to personalize an approach for these patients with specific molecular alterations. With the advent of the <i>IDH1</i> inhibitor ivosidenib and other inhibitors in this space, <i>IDH1/2</i> mutation have both prognostic and predictive value. Our series builds upon the patterns and findings seen in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"417-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monica Mishra, Pavithra Ayyanar, Sagar Ranjan Tripathy, Manoj Kumar Das
{"title":"Urothelial Carcinoma with Trophoblastic Differentiation-A Report with Review.","authors":"Monica Mishra, Pavithra Ayyanar, Sagar Ranjan Tripathy, Manoj Kumar Das","doi":"10.1177/10668969241266934","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241266934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundUrothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation is a rare type of urothelial carcinoma that poses a diagnostic challenge.Case detailsA 50-year-old man presented with hematuria for 4 months duration. Ultrasonography examination showed polypoidal lesions along the right lateral wall and near the right vesicoureteric junction of the urinary bladder. The transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) specimen showed marked necrosis and urothelial tumor cells arranged in nests, sheets, and papillae, admixed with multinucleated large cells. Deep muscle and extensive lymphovascular invasion were noted. The tumor cells were diffuse immunopositive for GATA3 and focal positive for p63 and SALL4. Large multinucleated tumor cells were immunopositive for β-hCG, GATA3, inhibin-α, and PLAP, focally positive for SALL4 while negative for p63. The patient denied further treatment and succumbed to the disease after 8 months of the TURBT procedure.ConclusionWe report a rare invasive urothelial carcinoma with trophoblastic differentiation and discuss the differential diagnosis and literature review.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"490-494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tumour Budding Is a Useful Predictor to Identify High-Risk Stage II Colon Cancer Patients After Curative Surgery.","authors":"Mehmet Zengin, Özlem Tanas Işıkçı","doi":"10.1177/10668969241265017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241265017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aim.</i> Although it is now accepted in the literature that tumour budding (TB) is a useful survival indicator in colon cancer (CC), there are still uncertainties about daily use. Here we methodologically examined the role of TB on survival in CC. <i>Methods.</i> In our study, we examined colon cancer patients who had surgery up to 15 years before presentation. TB was calculated separately using different comprehensive methodological methods. <i>Results.</i> We first investigated an optimal evaluation method. Relationship with prognostic factors was better (Venous invasion [p = .001], advanced pT [p = .003], perineural invasion [p = .040], MSS [p = .016], advanced size [p = .001], tumour obstruction [p = .005], margin involvement [p = .043], and nodal involvement [p = .028]) in Method-1. Similarly, with the same method, the success of the cut-off value, the correlation of TB data (r = .724), and the repeatability of the method (Κappa = .53-.75) were quite good (ROC = .816 [.707-.925]). Then, survival analysis was performed using the best three methods, including this method. In univariate analysis using Method-1, survival analyses were worse in high TB patients (RFS: 81%, p < .001; OS: 84%, p < .001). Multivariate analyses using the same method confirmed that high TB for RFS and OS was an independent poor prognostic parameter for survival (p = .002, Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.42 [1.13-1.80]) and OS (p = .014, HR: 1.38 [1.07-1.79]). <i>Conclusions.</i> With our study, we showed that tumour budding calculated by the standard method is a very valuable prognostic parameter in stage II CC and can contribute to the detection of patients with poor prognosis in stage II CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"363-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of its Histopathology, Genetics, and Differential Diagnosis.","authors":"Behtash G Nezami, Gregory T MacLennan","doi":"10.1177/10668969241256111","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241256111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the predominant subtype of renal epithelial tumor, accounting for roughly 2% of all malignancies. Clinically, it often presents in the sixth to seventh decade of life, predominantly in men. Pathologically, these tumors exhibit a distinctive golden yellow cut surface, usually arising from the renal cortex. Their microscopic features are characterized by solid and nested architectures of cells with clear or eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and a prominent vascular network. A hallmark genetic feature is the inactivation of the <i>VHL</i> gene situated on chromosome 3p25. The majority of ccRCCs are sporadic (over 95%), typically presenting as a single mass; and a small percentage have a hereditary basis, often associated with VHL disease, characterized by multiple bilateral tumors with an earlier onset. Immunohistochemically, ccRCC tumors express PAX8, CA9 box like pattern, and CD10 but are generally negative for AMACR (35% positive) and KRT7 (15% positive). The prognosis of ccRCC is largely determined by its TNM stage, ISUP/WHO nucleolar grade, and the presence of specific aggressive features. This review article delves into the detailed gross, microscopic, molecular, and clinical features of ccRCC, offering comprehensive insights into its diagnosis, management, and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Douglas Jian-Xian Wu, James D Brooks, Carol Rizkalla, Ankur R Sangoi
{"title":"Incidence and Pitfalls of Adipose Tissue Encountered in Prostatic Transurethral Resections and Related Specimens.","authors":"Douglas Jian-Xian Wu, James D Brooks, Carol Rizkalla, Ankur R Sangoi","doi":"10.1177/10668969241265032","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241265032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the presence of adipose tissue and its involvement by prostatic cancer (extraprostatic extension) is well-recognized in prostate biopsies, adipose tissue in transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP) is largely unexplored. Herein, 200 consecutive TURPs and related specimens were reviewed, including a separate 3-year analysis of specimens containing prostatic cancer, with the following data collected: presence of fat, presence of cancer within fat, and quantity of fat. For specimens with both fat and prostatic cancer, specimen weight and tumor volume were recorded. Within the 200 consecutive TURPs and related specimens, adipose tissue was identified in 20%; 55% had 2.5 mm of adipose tissue; the number of fragments with adipose tissue ranged from 1 to 14. No correlation between specimen weight and measured extent of adipose tissue or number of fragments with adipose tissue was identified. Of all the specimens with prostatic cancer, 15/56 (27%) involved adipose tissue, with two specimens with large cancer volume (>90%) demonstrating extensive involvement of adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is frequently present within TURP and related specimens with variability in extent. The etiology behind encountering adipose tissue is uncertain, and it could represent resection into peri-prostatic fat, intraprostatic fat, or bladder neck fat sampling. Although encountering adipose tissue involved by cancer in TURP and related specimens may imply extraprostatic extension (pT3a), further studies are needed to corroborate these findings as well as to determine if these should be included in reported synoptics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pensi P H Lam, Ray T W Lum, Joyce W Y Chan, Rainbow W H Lau, Calvin S H Ng, Joshua J X Li
{"title":"Neuroendocrine Lesions Arising From Mediastinal Teratoma-A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Pensi P H Lam, Ray T W Lum, Joyce W Y Chan, Rainbow W H Lau, Calvin S H Ng, Joshua J X Li","doi":"10.1177/10668969241261552","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241261552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background.</i> Neuroendocrine lesions arising from mediastinal teratomas are rare tumors with only small number of patients reported in literature. The behavior of these lesions appears to be different from traditional neuroendocrine neoplasms. A comprehensive review will be valuable for histologic assessment and treatment planning for similar cases. <i>Case presentation.</i> We present an example of a 57-year-old man who presented with cough. Subsequent work-up revealed an anterior mediastinal mass of 2.1 cm on computed tomography. The patient underwent robot-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy. Histological examination revealed a mature cystic teratoma with a neuroendocrine component consisting of clusters of tumor cells with round to oval nuclei and a \"salt-and-pepper\" chromatin pattern. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to cytokeratin, synaptophysin, chromogranin, and INSM1, with a Ki-67 proliferative index of 4%. A histological diagnosis was mature teratoma with well-differentiated low-grade neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid) was made. The patient was well and without disease after complete surgical excision at 10 months. <i>Literature review.</i> Literature reviewed yielded 13 examples of neuroendocrine lesions arising from mediastinal teratomas. No disease-related mortality was reported, even in lesions with high-grade neuroendocrine, carcinomatous, or immature teratomatous components. <i>Conclusions.</i> Surgical removal is the mainstay of treatment of these lesions, and the presence of a neuroendocrine component does not appear to negatively affect prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"466-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Variations in Epithelial Lining of Duplication Cysts Cannot be Explained by Known Theories.","authors":"Servet Melike Akıncı, Özlem Boybeyi, Diclehan Orhan, Tutku Soyer","doi":"10.1177/10668969241265041","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241265041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives.</i> Duplication cysts are found in any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the oropharynx to anus. Although duplication cysts usually have similar epithelium with the adjacent organ, respiratory epithelium in the enteric duplication cysts is rarely reported. This study was performed to evaluate the variations in the epithelial lining of duplication cysts and its clinical implications. <i>Methods.</i> Patients diagnosed with duplication cysts between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed to assess their histopathological results, clinical aspects, treatment options, and demographic characteristics. <i>Results.</i> Twenty-five patients were included. The mean age was 4 years, male-to-female ratio was 15:10. The localizations of duplication cysts were ileum (n = 12), duodenum(n = 4), stomach(n = 3), jejunum(n = 2), colon(n = 2), thoracoabdominal(n = 2), and rectum(n = 1). Most common presentation was abdominal pain (36%). Intestinal (48%) and gastric (40%) epithelia were the most common finding. Four patients (16%) had respiratory epithelium: two in foregut duplication cysts, one each in ileal, and rectal duplications. Twenty-four percentage of patients had associated anomalies. Surgical interventions were performed on 22 patients. <i>Conclusion.</i> Duplication cysts show a wide range of epithelial linings. Respiratory epithelium can be found in not only foregut duplication cysts but also midgut and hindgut duplication cysts. Although the presence of respiratory epithelium did not have any impact on clinical findings, none of the previous theories explain the presence of respiratory epithelium different from foregut duplications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"384-388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shurui Wu, Meihong Wang, Qinghai Zhou, Haowen Tang, Zhanbo Wang
{"title":"The Expression and Clinicopathological Significance of BRAF V600E and Mucin 6 in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Shurui Wu, Meihong Wang, Qinghai Zhou, Haowen Tang, Zhanbo Wang","doi":"10.1177/10668969241266930","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241266930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aim.</i> The study aims to explore the expression levels and clinicopathological significance of BRAF V600E and mucin 6 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. <i>Method.</i> Immunohistochemistry for BRAF V600E and mucin 6 was performed in 110 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Subsequently, a comprehensive review of medical records and clinicopathological analysis was undertaken. <i>Results.</i> BRAF V600E expression was detected in 11 patients (10%); mucin 6 expression was observed in 19 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma specimens (17%). Thereafter, Cox regression models indicated that positive expression of either MUC6 positive (hazard ratio = 0.091, 95% confidence interval = 0.034-0.247, <i>P</i> < .001) and BRAF V600E positive (hazard ratio =0.150, 95% confidence interval = 0.058-0.388, <i>P</i> < .001) was significantly linked with longer overall survival for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients. <i>Conclusion.</i> The study concludes that positive expression of BRAF V600E and mucin 6 could potentially implied significant survival benefits for patients diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanie Bourgeau, Carrie B Marshall, Jeffrey T Schowinsky, Bennie Lindeque, Michael R Clay
{"title":"Synthetic Electrospun Fiber Matrix May Resemble Fungal Hyphae Over the Course of Tissue Regeneration: A Retrospective Review.","authors":"Melanie Bourgeau, Carrie B Marshall, Jeffrey T Schowinsky, Bennie Lindeque, Michael R Clay","doi":"10.1177/10668969241265016","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241265016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral soft tissue resections offer unique wound care challenges, often leaving large surgical deficits that are slow to heal and prone to infection. Musculoskeletal surgeons have taken to utilizing a synthetic electrospun fiber matrix (SEFM) to aid in soft tissue repair. SEFM is an engineered, fully resorbable, electrospun fiber matrix engineered to mimic human extracellular matrix supporting cell ingrowth, retention, and differentiation. In addition, in vitro studies have shown SEFM to be effective at inhibiting growth of the most common bacterial and fungal organisms found in surgical site infections. However, little is reported about the histologic features of intact and resorbing SEFM in vivo. Upon investigation, it was observed that the SEFM may resemble fungal hyphae during its 1-3 week degradation via hydrolysis. Special stains for fungi and acid-fast bacilli display positivity in SEFM, further complicating precise diagnosis. Although these specimens should still be carefully evaluated for fungal organisms, it is important to note these potential pitfalls to avoid misdiagnosis, avoid the premature removal of SEFM, and avoid initiation of inappropriate anti-fungal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"389-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuan Pham, Joshua M Peterson, Hasanain Hasan, Mariangela Gomez
{"title":"Uterine Angioleiomyoma: Clinical and Histopathologic Differentiation of an Underrecognized Mimicker of Uterine Leiomyoma.","authors":"Tuan Pham, Joshua M Peterson, Hasanain Hasan, Mariangela Gomez","doi":"10.1177/10668969241256117","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10668969241256117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angioleiomyoma is an uncommon benign neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that arises from perivascular smooth muscle cells. This soft tissue neoplasm usually occurs in the dermal or subcutaneous tissues of the extremities, head and neck, or trunk with fewer than 40 reported angioleiomyomas arising in the uterine corpus. Herein we report a uterine angioleiomyoma in a 44-year-old G5P4 Hispanic woman with a longstanding history of recurrent abdominal pain, pelvic organ prolapse, abnormal uterine bleeding, anemia, and hypertension. The patient underwent surgical treatment with total laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy and a uterosacral ligament suspension. Uterine angioleiomyoma was diagnosed post-operatively based on gross and microscopic features. The location of the uterine angioleiomyoma within the myometrium corresponded with contrast enhancement apparent on preoperative imaging. This and other uterine angioleiomyomas have characteristic imaging, macroscopic, and microscopic features which distinguish it from leiomyoma. Enhancing awareness of this underrecognized entity will facilitate precise diagnosis and thereby enable improved understanding of the clinicopathological characteristics of uterine angioleiomyoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14416,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"430-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}