International Journal of STD & AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Lung cancer screening among people with HIV, 2018-2023.","authors":"Subhashini A Sellers, Lindsay E Browne, Heather I Henderson, Amanda E Moy, Deana M Agil, Amy Durr, Claire E Farel, Joseph J Eron, Sonia Napravnik","doi":"10.1177/09564624261469254","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261469254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among persons with HIV (PWH) in the United States. Annual screening with low-dose chest computed tomography may reduce mortality, but uptake remains unclear. We sought to characterize lung cancer screening eligibility and uptake among PWH engaged in HIV care at a Southeastern tertiary care center.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis with 6 time points corresponding to each calendar year from 2018 through 2023 among PWH receiving care. Data were collected from electronic health records, clinical event adjudications, and patient-reported outcomes. Prevalence differences and 95% CIs were estimated across demographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsAmong 2798 PWH in care, 74% were men, 57% identified as non-Hispanic Black and the median age was 48 years (IQR: 35-57). Among all PWH, 62% had a history of smoking with a median pack-year history of 40 (IQR: 27-50) and 51% of these were current smokers. The proportion of PWH meeting United States Preventative Services Task Force screening criteria increased from 6% in 2018 to 15% by 2023 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, 13% of PWH were eligible for screening, among whom less than one-third (27%) received screening at least once during follow-up. Annual screening was 11% and 24% in 2018 and 2023, respectively, (<i>p</i> = 0.10).ConclusionsLung cancer screening utilization remains low, even among a high-risk population in the Southeastern United States. Understanding barriers to screening is needed to improve lung cancer outcomes among PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1086-1094"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching to long-acting anti-retroviral therapy with no baseline resistance data: is there value in proviral DNA sequencing? A single-centre pilot study.","authors":"Colin Fitzpatrick, Claire Norcross, Lena Paul, Amanda Clarke, Jonathan Roberts, Yvonne Gilleece","doi":"10.1177/09564624261462085","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261462085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1106-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving HIV testing rates in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in a low HIV prevalence region.","authors":"Richard Ford, Heewon Yoon, Angela C Bailey","doi":"10.1177/09564624261470104","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261470104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLocal HIV testing policy is based on clinician assessment of risk factors and HIV indicator conditions, with patient consent required before testing. This project aimed to increase HIV testing among hospital inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia, reduce reliance on clinician judgement, and promote more equitable testing practices.MethodsAdult hospital inpatients (aged ≥16 years) with community-acquired pneumonia discharged between July and November 2024 were included, irrespective of specialty, and assessed for evidence of HIV testing within the preceding 12 months. Weekly HIV testing rates were monitored throughout the project as a series of quality improvement measures were introduced. These included a hospital grand round presentation, safety briefing, targeted education, guideline updates, an electronic community-acquired pneumonia-HIV order set, and educational posters.ResultsA total of 894 hospital inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia were included, of whom 148 (17%) were tested for HIV. Testing rates increased from 4% at baseline to 29% following successive interventions and rose by 3.6% per week over the study period (IRR 1.036, 95% CI 1.01-1.063; <i>p</i> = 0.005). Pathway-embedded interventions produced more sustained improvements than education alone. Male patients were more likely to undergo HIV testing than female patients (19.8% vs 13.0%; χ² (1) = 7.67, <i>p</i> = 0.006), with the greatest disparity observed among patients aged 50-69 years (35.3% vs 8.6%; χ² (1) = 21.7, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Testing rates also differed significantly by age group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), being highest among patients aged 30-49 years and lowest among those aged ≥70 years. All 148 HIV tests were negative.ConclusionsHIV testing improved significantly following sequential interventions, with pathway-embedded system changes producing more sustainable improvements than education alone. Persistent age- and sex-related disparities suggest clinician risk perception continues to influence HIV testing practices. Low-prevalence settings should consider electronic testing pathways, automated prompts, and the feasibility of opt-out testing approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1095-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oropharyngeal lymphogranuloma venereum caused by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> genovariant L2b in men who have sex with men in Taiwan.","authors":"Pin-Cheng Chu, Nan-Yao Lee, Ming-Chi Li, Chin-Shiang Tsai","doi":"10.1177/09564624261476133","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261476133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) caused by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (CT) serovars L1-L3 has re-emerged among men who have sex with men (MSM), predominantly manifesting as anorectal disease. Oropharyngeal LGV remains poorly characterized, with only sporadic case reports in Western countries. Although CT genovariant L2b has been detected in an oropharyngeal specimen through surveillance in Taiwan, the clinical features of oropharyngeal LGV have not been described in Asia. We report two MSM living with HIV in Taiwan with oropharyngeal LGV. Case 1 was a 32-year-old asymptomatic patient and CT was identified through routine multi-site screening prompted by a rising rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titer. LGV was detected only at the oropharyngeal site, with a negative rectal specimen. Case 2, a 51-year-old man, presented with small oral ulcers resembling aphthous stomatitis, along with anorectal symptoms and amoebic liver abscess. Genovariant L2b was confirmed in both oropharyngeal and rectal specimens by <i>ompA</i> sequencing. In both cases, <i>Treponema pallidum</i> PCR on oropharyngeal specimens was negative despite elevated RPR titers. Case 1 received doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days for asymptomatic LGV carriage, while Case 2 received a 21-days course for symptomatic infection. Case 1 achieved microbiological cure confirmed by follow-up PCR testing. Case 2 demonstrated resolution of oral and anorectal symptoms, with microbiological cure confirmed at follow-up. These cases illustrate that oropharyngeal LGV may be asymptomatic or mimic common oral conditions. Multi-site CT testing and <i>ompA</i> genotyping should be considered in MSM with suspected STI, even in the absence of typical anorectal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1121-1125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psycho-social-cultural barriers among sexual minority men living with HIV in Nigeria.","authors":"Roberta E Emetu, Cecilia E Dagher, Zoe Carlin","doi":"10.1177/09564624261471213","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261471213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMen who have sex with men (MSM) in Nigeria experience a disproportionate burden of HIV, shaped by stigma, criminalization, and limited access to care. This study examined the multi-level social and structural factors influencing the lived experiences of MSM living with HIV in Nigeria.MethodsParticipants were recruited from a non-governmental organization in Lagos, Nigeria, for virtual interviews. The analysis was restricted to MSM (age: 21-33) living with HIV. Guided by the Social Ecological Model, interviews explored intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and structural influences on HIV-related experiences. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty-four MSM (median age = 25) were interviewed. Three primary themes emerged. At the interpersonal level, family functioned as both a source of support and a site of stigma, influencing disclosure, housing stability, and engagement in care. At the community level, religious institutions reinforced stigma through homophobic messaging and promotion of faith-based healing, contributing to concealment and reduced healthcare utilization. At the societal level, cultural norms and criminalizing policies, including the Same Sex Marriage Prohibition Act, created an environment of fear, violence, and social exclusion. These intersecting factors contributed to delayed testing, limited disclosure, and challenges in sustained HIV care engagement.ConclusionHIV-related experiences among MSM in Nigeria are shaped by interconnected social and structural forces across multiple levels. Effective interventions must extend beyond individual behavior change to address family dynamics, religious influences, and structural barriers, including criminalization, to improve HIV outcomes and quality of life among MSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1077-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and vaccination gaps for herpes zoster in people living with HIV: A multicenter multivariable study.","authors":"Veysel Akca, İlkay Akbulut, Gül Ruhsar Yılmaz, Bircan Kayaaslan, Fatma Eser, Setenay Nisa Baygüneş, Aliye Baştuğ, Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz, Alper Tahmaz, Nefise Öztoprak Çuvalcı, Zehra Karacaer, Tuba Damar Çakırca, İlknur Esen Yıldız, Mehmet Çabalak, Dilara Yaman, Damla Verendağ, Mehmet Ali Aşan, Ayhan Akbulut, Hatun Öztürk Çerik, Muhammed Bekçibaşı, Gülden Eser Karlıdağ, Firdevs Aksoy, Behice Kurtaran, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Turhan Togan","doi":"10.1177/09564624261436935","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261436935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeThe primary aim of this study was to determine the frequency of prior herpes zoster and its associated clinical and immunovirological factors, while secondary aims included evaluating varicella-zoster virus serostatus and vaccination rates.MethodsIn this multicenter, retrospective, and partially observational study, data from 1,289 people living with HIV between January 2020 and December 2024 were analyzed. Attitudes toward vaccination were also examined.ResultsA history of herpes zoster was identified in 5% of participants (n = 65). Individuals with an herpes zoster history were significantly older than those without (45.5 ± 13.1 vs 38.1 ± 12.9 years; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Herpes zoster history was strongly associated with advanced disease stage at diagnosis (<i>p</i> < 0.001), lower CD4 percentages (<i>p</i> = 0.020), reduced absolute CD4 counts (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and lower CD4/CD8 ratios (<i>p</i> = 0.006) in univariate analysis.Other factors significantly associated with herpes zoster history included prior viremia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), chronic lung disease (<i>p</i> = 0.006), syphilis (<i>p</i> = 0.016), hepatitis B virus coinfection (<i>p</i> < 0.001), malignancy (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and immunomodulatory drug use (<i>p</i> = 0.031). Lack of childhood varicella vaccination was also significantly associated with herpes zoster history (<i>p</i> = 0.003). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, lower CD4 count (aOR 0.992; <i>p</i> = 0.001), history of viremia (aOR 5.74; <i>p</i> = 0.004), malignancy (aOR 8.51; <i>p</i> = 0.007), and hepatitis B virus coinfection (aOR 23.56; <i>p</i> = 0.002) were independently associated with herpes zoster. herpes zoster-related pain was reported in 24 patients (36.9%) and was most frequently treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Herpes zoster vaccination coverage was notably low, and willingness to be vaccinated remained similarly limited in both groups.ConclusionHerpes zoster history among people living with HIV was associated with older age, advanced immunosuppression, viremia, and comorbidities, particularly hepatitis B virus and syphilis. Despite the considerable burden of herpes zoster and its complications, vaccination rates remain low. These findings highlight the need to identify high-risk groups and implement targeted vaccination strategies to reduce herpes zoster-related morbidity among people living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1067-1076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a clinical pathway for the use of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy in adherence challenged people living with HIV.","authors":"Siobhan Quirke, Dorarca Lynch, Gavin Kelly, Siobhan O'Regan, Catherine Keegan Hickey, Naoise Todd, Jess Sears, Nicola Boyle, Katie McDonough, Emma Devitt, Cliona Ni Cheallaigh, Catherine Fleming, Niamh Allen","doi":"10.1177/09564624261469251","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261469251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLong-acting injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine (LA-CAB/RPV) is approved for people with HIV (PWH) who have achieved virological suppression; however, evidence remains limited for individuals with adherence challenges including those with persistent viraemia. We evaluated the implementation of a structured clinical pathway delivering LA-CAB/RPV to such individuals, including initiating therapy for individuals with detectable viraemia, across two Irish HIV centres.MethodsThis prospective service evaluation assessed a multidisciplinary pathway designed to support LA-CAB/RPV delivery for adults unable to sustain adherence to oral antiretroviral therapy. Clinical and service outcomes during the first 16 months of implementation were analysed. We present results relating to virological control within the cohort, treatment discontinuation, and injection timeliness as a surrogate marker of retention in care.ResultsFifty-one individuals underwent suitability screening, of whom 12 initiated LA-CAB/RPV and had available follow-up data for this early analysis. Median age was 46 years. The cohort had substantial social complexity, including homelessness, unstable housing, substance use, and previous disengagement from care. Nine participants initiated treatment with detectable viraemia and three were virologically suppressed at baseline. Median follow-up was 24 weeks. All participants who commenced treatment with virological suppression maintained suppression throughout follow-up. Among those initiating with viraemia, three achieved virological suppression and three demonstrated substantial virological improvement; three discontinued treatment due to death, patient choice, or loss of contact. No confirmed virological failure or emergent resistance was observed. Thirty-four delayed injections were recorded, although most occurred within accepted dosing windows and retention in care remained favourable.ConclusionsA structured multidisciplinary pathway enabled delivery of LA-CAB/RPV to adherence-challenged individuals, including those with detectable viraemia at treatment initiation. Encouraging virological outcomes were observed despite substantial social complexity and imperfect attendance. These findings support further evaluation of LA-CAB/RPV in vulnerable populations traditionally underserved by conventional HIV care models.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1100-1105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From \"nice to have\" to non negotiable: Why peer support must be embedded at the heart of HIV care.","authors":"Garry Brough","doi":"10.1177/09564624261471451","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261471451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1062-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High PrEP uptake but poor persistence in the era of free PrEP.","authors":"Rohan Saini, Gary Whitlock","doi":"10.1177/09564624261470103","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261470103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"1108-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominance of non-16/18 high-risk human papilloma-virus (HPV) genotypes among female sex workers in Papua, Indonesia: Implications for vaccine coverage.","authors":"Eka Dian Ayu Agustina Fatem, Grace Fitriana Primasari Hau Mahu, Nuraliah Rusman, Dais Iswanto, Purwanto, Agnes Supraptiwi Rahayu","doi":"10.1177/09564624261485363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09564624261485363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundFemale sex workers face high occupational exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV), but to our knowledge no molecular HPV genotyping data have been published for Papua, Indonesia, where cervical screening reaches few women. Non-16/18 genotypes account for a large share of HPV infection across Asia, relevant to vaccine policy. We aimed to measure high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) prevalence, describe the genotypes present, and identify factors associated with HR-HPV positivity among FSWs in Jayapura.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, female sex workers attending a reproductive health centre in Jayapura, Papua, were recruited by consecutive sampling in August 2025. Cervical specimens were genotyped for HR-HPV with a real-time PCR assay distinguishing HPV16, HPV18 and a pooled channel covering 12 high-risk types. A structured questionnaire recorded age, duration of sex work, condom use, vaccination status, sexually transmitted infection history and sexual contact frequency. Candidate predictors were screened bivariately before multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 75 participants, 33 (44%; 95% CI 33-56) were HR-HPV positive. Of these, 30 (91%; 95% CI 76-98) carried at least one non-16/18 genotype, and only three were attributable to HPV16 or HPV18 alone. Three women (4%) reported prior HPV vaccination. After adjustment for sexual contact frequency, each additional year of age was associated with lower odds of HR-HPV positivity (adjusted odds ratio 0.928, 95% CI 0.871-0.990, <i>p</i> = 0.023). The association with sexual contact frequency was positive but not significant (1.322, 95% CI 0.986-1.773, <i>p</i> = 0.062). Condom use was associated bivariately but excluded from the final model owing to unstable estimates.ConclusionsHR-HPV infection is common among female sex workers in Papua and mostly involves non HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes, which the current quadrivalent national programme does not cover. These data support nonavalent vaccination and HPV-DNA screening for female sex workers, and make expanded screening in the general population a priority for provincial health authorities in Papua.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"9564624261485363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}