{"title":"Neuropsychiatric profile of Alzheimer's disease with hallucinations.","authors":"Antonina Luca, Maria Luca, Alessandro Serretti","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2589902","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2589902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of hallucinations in patients with AD and to assess its associated clinic-demographic and neuropsychiatric profile. Three hundred and eighty-one patients collected within the National Institute of Mental Health Genetics Initiative were included. Characteristics of hallucinators and non-hallucinators were compared by logistic regression. One hundred sixty-nine (44.4%) patients were hallucinators. Hallucinators presented a more severe AD than non-hallucinators with a lower MMSE (10.6 ± 8.9 versus 14.6 ± 8.9; OR 0.9; 95%CI 0.92-0.97; <i>p</i>-value < 0.001) and a higher CDRS (2.7 ± 1.0 versus 2.4 ± 1.1; OR 1.2; 95%CI 1.01-1.44; <i>p</i>-value 0.035). Hallucinators presented a more severe neuropsychological profile, characterised by apathy, verbal and physical aggressivity, and wandering. Hallucinations may represent a clinically useful tool for identifying patients who may require more intensive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"72-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145540567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electroconvulsive therapy and its image: between human rights, evidence, and clinical responsibility.","authors":"Pia Baldinger-Melich","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2610040","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2610040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai-Si Wen, Chang-Chang Song, Zhi-Ang Su, Qiu-Ling Lu, Can-Jin Deng, Jian-Xin Mai, Yue-Xi Peng, Hai-Dong Huang, Xin-Hu Yang
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of intermittent theta burst stimulation <i>versus</i> repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kai-Si Wen, Chang-Chang Song, Zhi-Ang Su, Qiu-Ling Lu, Can-Jin Deng, Jian-Xin Mai, Yue-Xi Peng, Hai-Dong Huang, Xin-Hu Yang","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2570712","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2570712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis compares intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating schizophrenia, focusing on efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from seven randomised trials (<i>N</i> = 440) were analysed. Outcomes included symptom severity (PANSS scales), cognitive function and adverse events. Effect sizes were calculated using RevMan version 5.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed for total psychopathology (SMD = -0.15), positive symptoms (SMD = 0.40) or general psychopathology (SMD = -0.58) (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). A reduction in negative symptoms was noted for iTBS compared to rTMS (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.82 to -0.03; <i>p</i> = 0.04; <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 70%). Three studies reported cognitive benefits with adjunctive iTBS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Safety outcomes, including discontinuation rates (RR = 0.77) and adverse events (headache/dizziness/fatigue), showed no group differences (<i>p</i> = 0.26-0.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>iTBS shows specific efficacy for schizophrenia-related negative symptoms <i>versus</i> rTMS, with comparable safety. Larger trials are needed to confirm clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145292294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giulio Verrienti, Ginevra Lombardozzi, Giuliano Albergo, Sergio De Filippis
{"title":"Trazodone in neurology, a new life for an old molecule - an updated, comprehensive, systematic review of clinical trials.","authors":"Giulio Verrienti, Ginevra Lombardozzi, Giuliano Albergo, Sergio De Filippis","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2572291","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2572291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The triazolopyridine derivative trazodone is approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults; according to the available literature, this molecule, through a specific dose-dependent profile of action, was found to be a potential therapeutic option in some neurological conditions. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the available evidence on the use of trazodone in neurological patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed was searched for articles published from inception until March 2025. Article reference lists were screened, and relevant articles were retrieved for consultation. Clinical trials specifically investigating trazodone in neurological populations were included, following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 69 records initially retrieved, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 13 randomised controlled trials and 1 retrospective study, with a total of 608 patients. Most of the included studies focused on individuals with dementia, while others explored its use in different neurological disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite being an older antidepressant, trazodone remains widely prescribed. Beyond treating depression in neurological patients, it may may be useful in the treatment of some neurological aspects. However, current evidence remains limited. Further high-quality research is necessary to better define the therapeutic potential of trazodone in the management of neurological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"12-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinjing Guo, Liang Zhou, Jiaming He, Xinkai Pan, Dingwen Liu, Jiaren Li, Qing Zhou, Long Wang
{"title":"Association between benign prostatic hyperplasia and depression and anxiety: a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study based on the UK biobank.","authors":"Jinjing Guo, Liang Zhou, Jiaming He, Xinkai Pan, Dingwen Liu, Jiaren Li, Qing Zhou, Long Wang","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2579053","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2579053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) commonly affects ageing men, with unclear long-term psychiatric effects. We examined these associations using cross-sectional, longitudinal and genetic data from the UK Biobank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our analysis of 229,001 UK Biobank individuals examined cross-sectional and prospective relationships between BPH and mental health. Logistic regression models investigated baseline associations, while 51,805 individuals followed for seven years and 171,228 following for 14.9 years assessed prospective hazards. To determine causality, Mendelian Randomisation (MR) was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, BPH is associated with higher odds of depression (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.34-1.51) and anxiety (OR 1.44, 1.36-1.53). Prospectively, BPH predicted incident depression (OR 1.41, 1.12-1.79) and anxiety (OR 1.48, 1.09-2.01) at seven years and increased depression and anxiety risk over 14.9 years (HR 1.38, 1.24-1.53) and 1.45, 1.30-1.61). Subgroup analysis indicates that BPH significantly raises depression and anxiety risk, particularly in those aged <60, employed, high income or less active. BPH causes depression (OR 1.003, 1.000-1.006), but not anxiety, while bidirectional MR showed that anxiety slightly protects against BPH risk (OR 0.998, 0.997-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BPH is associated with elevated risks of depression and anxiety, with genetic evidence supporting a causal link to depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of ketamine compared to electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression.","authors":"Guoguang Song, Ugwah-Oguejiofor Chinenye Jane","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2576205","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2576205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has long been considered the main method of treatment for patients with resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies have shown that ketamine infusion can also effectively improve treatment-resistant MDD. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of ketamine with ECT for treating treatment-resistant depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science from the inception to 2 October 2024, to identify clinical trials and randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of ketamine with ECT on treatment-resistant major depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies with 353 individuals in the ketamine group and 323 individuals in the ECT group were included. No significant differences were observed between ECT and ketamine in terms of response to treatment (RR 1.03, 95% CI (0.78, 1.37), I<sup>2</sup> = 77.14%, T<sup>2</sup> = 0.08), MADRS score (weighted mean difference (WMD) 0.98, 95% CI (-5.04, 7.00), I<sup>2</sup> = 94.74%, T<sup>2</sup> = 26.52), remission (RR 0.65, 95% CI (0.16, 2.64), I<sup>2</sup> = 89.77%, T<sup>2</sup> = 1.19), relapse (RR 0.93, 95% CI (0.50, 1.72), I<sup>2</sup> = 20.13%, T<sup>2</sup> = 0.04) and the number of those experiencing adverse events (RR 0.72, 95% CI (0.47, 1.10), I<sup>2</sup> = 0.00%, T<sup>2</sup> = 0.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that ketamine is not inferior to ECT for treating MDD; however, future studies are needed for validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical outcomes and serum prolactin levels in patients with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia following different management strategies.","authors":"Apiradee Sangngarm, Chompoonuch Werawattanachai, Kamonrat Somrak, Sipanut Silaket, Tuanthon Boonlue","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2593315","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2593315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of different management strategies (watchful waiting, dose reduction, switching and adjunctive treatments) on prolactin levels and clinical outcomes in patients with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted with 135 adult patients diagnosed with hyperprolactinaemia due to antipsychotic use. Patients were assigned to four management groups: watchful waiting, dose reduction, switching and adjunctive treatment (with aripiprazole). Prolactin levels and clinical symptoms (e.g. galactorrhea, gynaecomastia, menstrual irregularities) were assessed before and after intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline prolactin levels were comparable across groups. Post-intervention, all groups exhibited significant reductions in prolactin levels, with the largest decrease observed in the switching and adjunctive treatment group (mean change: -68.3 and -67.1 ng/mL, respectively). Clinical outcomes also improved, with a notable reduction in galactorrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.04), gynaecomastia (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and menstrual irregularities across all groups (<i>p</i> = 0.02). No significant changes were observed in sexual dysfunction, hirsutism or acne.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Management strategies for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia, particularly switching or adjunctive treatments, effectively reduce prolactin levels and improve related symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145587445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of IL-1β, IL-6, and inflammatory markers during exacerbation and after antipsychotic treatment in drug-free schizophrenia patients.","authors":"Salih Kalyoncu, Hasan Mervan Aytac, Oya Guclu","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2560349","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2560349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and inflammatory markers from the complete blood count in drug-free male schizophrenia (SCZ) patients during acute exacerbation with healthy controls and to evaluate changes after treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-one drug-free male SCZ patients hospitalised in an inpatient clinic and 61 healthy controls were included. Sociodemographic data, body measurements, and some scale scores were collected. Blood samples were drawn after 10-12 h of fasting to measure inflammatory parameters in patients (pre- and post-treatment) and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the control group, patients exhibited significantly higher neutrophil counts (5.13 vs. 4.51 × 10³/μL), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (2.43 vs. 1.85), C-reactive protein (CRP) (3.18 vs. 1.63 mg/L), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (5.57 vs. 3.20 mm/hr), while eosinophil levels (0.17 vs. 0.25 × 10³/μL) were significantly lower. Logistic regression indicated that eosinophil, CRP, and ESR predicted SCZ diagnosis. In the post-treatment period, IL-1β (2.65 to 1.61 ng/L) and IL-6 levels (1.42 to 0.92 ng/L) were significantly lower, while eosinophil levels (0.17 to 0.29 × 10³/μL) were significantly higher compared to the pre-treatment period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reductions in IL-1β and IL-6 after antipsychotic treatment support inflammatory processes in SCZ. Eosinophil, CRP, and ESR may serve as peripheral biomarkers .</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"240-249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The D-stress scale: a measure of stress based on a new approach.","authors":"Jean-Luc Ducher, Damien Fouques, Stéphane Locret, Lucia Romo","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2560350","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2560350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The perceived stress scale (PSS-10) assumes that stress results from perceived situational demands exceeding the perceived coping resources. However, today's hectic lifestyles may lead to stress even when demands can be met. We aimed to assess a new measure of stress, the D-Stress scale, which focuses on feelings of relentless pressure, irrespective of the coping resources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We administered our 10-item questionnaire to 1099 French-speaking adults (455 men, 642 women), aged 18-29 years, using an online platform (May-July 2022). Participants also completed the PSS-10 and measures of depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and correlations were run.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The D-Stress scores correlated highly with the PSS-10 perceived helplessness subscale (<i>r</i> = 0.714; 95% CI [0.684-0.742]), thus supporting the construct validity. The exploratory factor analysis revealed three underlying factors: one that related to experiencing external pressures (subscale 1), another that related to putting pressure on oneself (subscale 2), and a third that related to exhaustion (subscale 3). Subscale 1 was most strongly linked to depression/anxiety; the other two subscales were more strongly linked to demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The D-Stress scale can rapidly assess stress and could identify underlying sources to help target interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"250-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between heart rate variability and emotion dysregulation in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury.","authors":"Maya Aulya Saputri, Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi, Kamilaturrizqi Sakinah","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2551772","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2025.2551772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a strong predictor of increased future suicidal ideation and risk. The highest prevalence of NSSI is in adolescents. NSSI is performed as a maladaptive response to emotion regulation distress when facing an intense negative emotional load. One of the physiological markers of Emotion Dysregulation (ED) can be measured quantitatively through changes in Heart Rate Variability (HRV).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this review is to provide an overview about studies on HRV and ED in adolescents with NSSI to shed light on potential associations and to identify prospective approaches for future studies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Literature was searched through Pubmed using Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Emotion Dysregulation (ED), and Non Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) as the keywords. Inclusion criteria were full-text journal articles in English or Indonesian within the last 10 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies show that ED in certain mental disorders has been associated with HRV changes through the autonomic nervous system imbalance pathway. For individuals with ED, NSSI may serve certain perceived benefits, reinforcing its repetition whenever adverse events are encountered.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ED in adolescents with NSSI can be observed through HRV reduction. This approach may help improve adolescent mental health by reducing NSSI and preventing suicidal tendencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"193-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}