International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Hospitalisation outcomes for patients with severe mental illness treated by female vs. male psychiatry residents.","authors":"Amit Yaniv-Rosenfeld,&nbsp;Ariel Rosenfeld,&nbsp;Hagai Maoz","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2236162","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2236162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recent literature suggests that female physicians provide higher quality of care compared to their male counterparts across a variety of physical medical conditions. We examine whether a similar phenomenon is observed for psychiatry residents treating hospitalised psychiatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 300 hospitalised patient records from Shalvata Mental Healthcare Centre (Hod Hasharon, Israel). Resident-patient sex matchings were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in terms of residents' age and patients' age, medical condition and hospitalisation history. Male and female patients treated by female residents presented shorter hospitalisations (58 and 54 days compared to 67 and 66 days, respectively, <i>p < .</i>05), longer time to next hospitalisation (269 and 179 days compared to 179 and 123 days, respectively, <i>p < .</i>01), lower 30-day readmission rate (37% and 35% compared to 10% and 19%, respectively, <i>p < .</i>05), higher levels of family involvement during hospitalisation (2.6 and 2.7 points compared to 2.1 and 1.9 points, respectively, <i>p < .</i>01) and higher chances of obtaining rehabilitation services (39% and 34% vs. 23% and 17%, respectively, <i>p < .</i>05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hospitalised patients treated by female psychiatry residents are associated with better hospitalisation outcomes compared to those cared for by male residents. KEY POINTSBoth male and female patients treated by female residents presented better hospitalisation outcomes.These hospitalisation outcomes include shorter hospitalisation periods, longer time to next hospitalisation, lower 30-day remission rate, significantly higher levels of family involvement and higher chances of obtaining rehabilitation services.Further work is needed in order to investigate the sources and reasons for the identified differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"338-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9899438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating postpartum affective and/or anxiety disorders in a mother-baby day hospital: preliminary results.","authors":"Alba Roca-Lecumberri,&nbsp;Anna Torres,&nbsp;Susana Andrés,&nbsp;Cristina López,&nbsp;Carmen Naranjo,&nbsp;Ester Roda,&nbsp;Lluïsa Garcia-Esteve,&nbsp;Estel Gelabert","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2236169","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2236169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Women experiencing perinatal mental-health illness have unique needs. The present study analyzes preliminary data about the effectiveness of MBDH in treating postpartum women with affective and anxiety disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 33 mothers with affective and/or anxiety disorders treated at the MBDH with their babies between March 2018 and December 2019. All women were assessed at admission, discharge and three months after discharge. Outcomes included symptoms of depression (EPDS) and anxiety (STAI-S), mother-infant bonding (PBQ) and functional impairment (HoNOs). We also assessed the clinical significance of changes in patients' scores on these scales and patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At discharge, no patients still met the full criteria for the main diagnosis. Between admission and discharge, symptoms of depression and anxiety, mother-infant bonding, functional impairment and autonomy in caring for babies improved significantly. These gains were maintained at three months follow-up. Patient satisfaction was high.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary results suggest that multidisciplinary intervention for postpartum women with affective or anxiety disorders at the MBDH improves maternal psychopathology, mother-infant bonding and mothers' ability to care for their babies. MBDHs are a promising approach for delivering specialised perinatal mental-health care for mother-baby dyads.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"344-350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9911883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in patients with methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"Ali Baran Tanrıkulu,&nbsp;Hilal Kaya,&nbsp;Zekiye Çatak","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2237557","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2237557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methamphetamine use disorder causes significant crises, which have individual, familial, and social consequences. Identifying inflammatory biomarkers for methamphetamine use disorder may be useful for following the inflammatory status of patients in clinical assessment. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) and neutrophil/albumin ratio (NAR) levels can be used as inflammatory biomarkers in methamphetamine use disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 139 treatment-seeking participants who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for methamphetamine use disorder and 139 sociodemographically matched controls. Only hospitalised patients were included. An independent sample t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and binominal logistic regression analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CAR (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and NAR (<i>p</i> = 0.048) levels were significantly higher in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder when compared with healthy controls. The CAR level was found to be a significant predictor of group membership in regression analysis for methamphetamine use disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAR may be a potential inflammatory biomarker for patients with methamphetamine use disorder. CAR as a relatively easier-to-measure biomarker could be beneficial to follow the inflammatory status and treatment response of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"351-358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10204568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing for the next pandemic by understanding the impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on patients with eating Disorders: observations from an inpatient setting.","authors":"Patrizia Todisco,&nbsp;Paolo Meneguzzo,&nbsp;Alice Garolla,&nbsp;Athos Antoniades,&nbsp;Paris Vogazianos,&nbsp;Federica Tozzi","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2221318","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2221318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed eating disorder (ED) services worldwide. Data suggests a worsening of psychopathology and an increased request for specialised treatments. Still, the studies are mostly based on experimental protocols with underpowered short-term opportunistic experimental designs. Thus, this study aims to assess the clinical and psychological differences between patients admitted to a specialised ED Unit before and after the COVID-19 breakout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients admitted from June 2014 to February 2022 in a specialised EDs Unit were enrolled. A total sample of 498 individuals was enrolled in this retrospective study, collecting demographic and psychopathological data at admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa has been reported, with lower age and higher levels of specific and general psychopathology, especially linked to body uneasiness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results are put into the context of the preparation for the next pandemic that may require similar mitigation measures as COVID-19 to ensure the impact on existing and new patients. Covering an extended period with validated tools, our results might help psychiatric services to reassess their treatment pathways after the pandemic, helping clinicians to delineate future treatment interventions.KEYPOINTSAfter the COVID-19 breakdown, there was an increase in the admission of patients with anorexia nervosa to specialised services.More severe psychopathology was not accompanied by lower body mass index.Specialised eating disorders services should face sudden changes in patients' requests for treatment.Understanding the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting mitigation measures taken can lead to better preparations for the next pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9967896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cheers and a thank-you note from the founding chief-editor.","authors":"Siegfried Kasper","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2270365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2270365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"319-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41235125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution and trends of hikikomori: a bibliometrics analysis.","authors":"Wan Mohd Hirwani Wan Hussain","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2233580","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2233580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hikikomori is the Japanese term for the phenomenon of young adults isolating themselves from society and becoming reclusive. This study aims to examine the evolution and distribution of hikikomori, as well as identify the major players and institutions involved in hikikomori research. The searches, which were conducted in Scopus database identified 286 academic research works pertaining to hikikomori research. The findings indicate that hikikomori has attracted the attention of academic researchers in both the East and the West, with a consistent increase in research output since the Internet revolution over the past decade. The study highlights the potential for additional research on hikikomori and provides a benchmark for new researchers entering the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":" ","pages":"385-396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9781661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questions arising from the application of the ICD-11 diagnoses of complex post traumatic stress disorder and personality disorder.","authors":"Andrew White,&nbsp;Anna Hudson","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2022.2158109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2022.2158109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an overlap between the International Classification of Diseases for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics- 11th Revision (ICD-11) diagnoses of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) and personality disorder. When the latter is comorbid with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this may allow for a false positive CPTSD diagnosis. This fact has both clinical implications and throws into relief theoretical questions about the ontology of trauma and personality disorder-related pathology. These questions are presented as a call for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 3","pages":"301-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10139011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in empathy and clinical symptoms in chronic schizophrenia patients: a large sample study based on a Chinese Han population.","authors":"Yanli Li,&nbsp;Yongjie Zhou,&nbsp;Yuchen Li,&nbsp;Rui-Chen-Xi Luo,&nbsp;Pallavi B Ganapathi,&nbsp;Hanjing Emily Wu,&nbsp;Huanzhong Liu,&nbsp;Dongmei Wang,&nbsp;Xiangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2023.2171889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2023.2171889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Empathy is social cognition and reduced empathy in schizophrenia (SCZ) has been noted; however, whether there are gender differences in empathy remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore this issue by examining a large sample of the population with SCZ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 987 SCZ patients (M/<i>F</i> = 638/349). The empathy was assessed by The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was adopted to assess their clinical psychiatric symptoms and their ability to recognise the facial emotions of others was assessed by the Pictures Of Facial Affect (POFA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female SCZ patients had higher IRI total score than male patients. In male patients, Pearson correlation analysis showed that empathy was negatively correlated with PANSS total score and negative symptom subscale scores, but positively correlated with anger identification. In female patients, IRI total score was negatively correlated with PANSS total score as well as its positive and negative symptom subscale scores (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are gender differences in the empathy of SCZ patients, with female patients having greater empathy and a correlation with their clinical symptoms. This gender difference may provide potential clinical value for the treatment of SCZ.KEY POINTSFemale SCZ were more likely to empathise than males;Female patients had more severe clinical symptoms than males;There were gender differences in the association between certain specific clinical presentations and empathy.In future studies, it may be useful to investigate gender differences in schizophrenia empathy for the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 3","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10141087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lindsay Bottoms,&nbsp;Montserrat Prat Pons,&nbsp;Naomi A Fineberg,&nbsp;Luca Pellegrini,&nbsp;Oliver Fox,&nbsp;David Wellsted,&nbsp;Lynne M Drummond,&nbsp;Jemma Reid,&nbsp;David S Baldwin,&nbsp;Ruihua Hou,&nbsp;Samuel Chamberlain,&nbsp;Nick Sireau,&nbsp;Dominique Grohmann,&nbsp;Keith R Laws","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2022.2151474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2022.2151474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the efficacy of exercise in reducing OCD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Scopus and grey literature until March 2022. The study was preregistered at Prospero (CRD42021283931). We included randomised controlled and pre-post trials assessing physical activity as an intervention for OCD. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane ROBINS-I tool and the RoB2 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 6 trials (<i>N</i> = 92); 2 were RCTS and 4 were pre-post design studies. A random-effects meta-analysis of pre-post data identified a large reduction of OCD symptoms following exercise (<i>g</i> = 1.33 [95%CI 1.06-1.61]; <i>k</i> = 6). Exercise was also associated with significant pre-post reductions in anxiety (<i>g</i> = 0.71 [95%CI 0.37-1.05; <i>k</i> = 4) and depression (<i>g</i> = 0.57 [95%CI 0.26-0.89]; <i>k</i> = 2). Risk of bias was moderate-high in uncontrolled trials on the ROBINS-I and RCTs showed 'some concerns' on the RoB2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise was associated with a large pre-post reduction of OCD symptoms; however, few trials were of robust quality and all were at risk of bias. Further well-powered and better quality RCTs are required to assess the role of exercise as an intervention for OCD.KEY POINTSStudies exploring exercise as an adjunct therapy for OCD have small participant numbers, therefore a systematic review and meta-analysis is needed to estimate potential efficacy.Pre-post analysis shows that exercise was associated with a large reduction of OCD symptomsThe current systematic review and meta-analysis points to the potential for exercise to be beneficial for the treatment for OCD symptoms. However, more well-powered and better controlled RCTs are required to fully assess the benefit of exercise for the treatment of OCD symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 3","pages":"232-242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10141976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype is associated with affective temperaments, clinical severity and worse treatment outcomes in bipolar disorders: results from a two-center, cross-sectional study.","authors":"Giulia Menculini,&nbsp;Luca Jr Steardo,&nbsp;Norma Verdolini,&nbsp;Martina D'Angelo,&nbsp;Elena Chipi,&nbsp;Federica Cirimbilli,&nbsp;Laura Orsolini,&nbsp;Umberto Volpe,&nbsp;Pasquale De Fazio,&nbsp;Alfonso Tortorella","doi":"10.1080/13651501.2022.2160763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2022.2160763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study was aimed at investigating the clinical correlates of evening chronotype in a population of subjects suffering from bipolar disorders (BD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed chronotype using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. We administered the brief Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, and San Diego, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Alda Scale to evaluate affective temperaments, impulsiveness, and response to mood stabilisers. We performed bivariate analyses and ran a logistic regression model to analyse clinical variables associated with evening chronotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our sample (<i>n</i> = 178), subjects with an evening chronotype (<i>n</i> = 56, 31.5%) more often suffered from BD type I and reported higher prevalence of seasonality, antidepressant-induced mood switches, psychotic, aggressive, mixed, and anxiety features, and substance use disorders. The number of lifetime suicide attempts and mood episodes was higher in this subgroup. Depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious temperament scores were higher among evening-chronotype subjects, who also displayed greater levels of impulsiveness and worse treatment response. At the logistic regression, evening chronotype was associated with depressive and irritable temperaments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subjects with evening chronotype display higher clinical severity and worse BD course. Clinicians should evaluate the presence of evening chronotype in BD subjects, especially in those with irritable or depressive temperament.Key pointsEvening chronotype is a frequent clinical feature in subjects suffering from bipolar disorders (BD);Affective temperaments, particularly depressive and irritable, are associated with evening chronotype in BD;Evening chronotype underpins higher severity of the clinical picture in BD, as well as a worse response to mood stabiliser treatment;Circadian preferences should be systematically assessed in subjects suffering from BD, with particular attention to evening preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":14351,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 3","pages":"248-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10514165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}