International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 and its Outcomes on Incidence, Lethality and Mortality from COVID-19 in the City of São Paulo, Brazil.","authors":"Renata M M Pimentel, Hugo Macedo, Luiz Carlos de Abreu, Edige Felipe de Sousa Santos, Claudio Leone","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_403_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_403_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze the effects of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on the incidence, lethality and mortality from COVID-19, in the city of São Paulo, in the period 2020-2022. This is a population-based time series study, with official public data, relating to the period from 2020 to 2022. The population data were extracted from the Municipal Health Department of São Paulo, according to the geographic division of the Regional Health Coordination (CRS). The Prais-Winsten regression model was used, calculating the percentage variation of daily change (DPC). This procedure made it possible to classify the trend of epidemiological rates as increasing, decreasing or stationary. It was observed that the city of São Paulo recorded that 17% of its total population was infected at least once by the SARS CoV-2 virus, with a fatal outcome in 0.4% of its total population. When comparing the differences between the CRS, it was observed that the North region had a higher lethality rate at the beginning of the pandemic, decreasing significantly over the period. The Central region, in 2021, showed an increasing trend different from the other regions. Regarding mortality, the North, Center and West coordinators showed decreasing trends in all periods analyzed, unlike the East, Southeast and South coordinators, which in 2020 showed stationary trends. It is concluded that there was a reduction in the epidemiological outcomes of COVID-19 after the mass application of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Strategies to increase vaccination coverage should be implemented in all regions of the city of São Paulo, especially in those with high social vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Vitamin B12, Hemoglobin, and Ferritin Deficiency in Patients with Morbid Obesity and Changes in their Blood Levels after Bariatric Surgery.","authors":"Saad Younas, Muhammad Bilal","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_289_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_289_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Early Child Development and Care for Hospitalized Small and Sick Children: A Holistic Approach to Pediatric Health.","authors":"Abhay Gaidhane, Manoj Patil, Shital Telrandhe, Zahiruddin Quazi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_193_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_193_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For children aged 0-5 years, hospitalization is a very stressful experience. Even, the older children are quite tense during hospitalization for a serious illness, and want their parents to be available there. Play is a key aspect for any developing child which helps in promoting the child's growth and development. Toys are the 'tools' of play and age-appropriate toys can be helpful for reducing the trauma and stressful feelings during hospitalization. Appropriate use of toys and play therapy will aid in enhancing the recovery from the illness. Play therapy can be included in the care and treatment plan of hospitalized children. This review aimed to assess the available evidences in literature regarding effectiveness of Play therapy for harnessing development in hospitalized children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was made in PubMed using keywords \"play therapy\"[Title/Abstract] AND \"Hospitalization\"[Title/Abstract]; \"Child Development\"[Title/Abstract] AND \"Play Sessions\"[Title/ Abstract]; \"Play\"[Title/Abstract] AND \"Hospitalization\"[Title/Abstract]; \"Play Therapy\" AND \"Child Development\"[Title/Abstract]; \"Therapeutic Play Session\"[Title/Abstract], \"Effectiveness\" AND \"Play Therapy\"[Title/Abstract]; \"play therapy\"[MeSH Terms] AND \"child development\"[MeSH Terms]. Studies over the last 10 years were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 125 published articles were obtained. After screening and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 31 studies were shortlisted and imported to Zotero for further analysis. Most of the studies have established the effectiveness of Play Therapy in hospital settings in promoting the cognitive, behavioral, and socioemotional development and in reducing the hospitalization-related anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A dedicated play session can be incorporated into the healthcare management protocols for pediatric inpatient settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Echocardiography in Facilitating Detection of Malnutrition-Induced Cardiovascular Effects in Low-Resource Settings.","authors":"Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava, Prateek Sudhakar Bobhate, Abhay Tidake","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_149_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_149_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malnutrition has been acknowledged as a major public health concern, as the medical and socioeconomic impacts are serious and lasting for individuals, family members, communities, and nations. The purpose of the current article is to explore the cardiovascular consequences of malnutrition, enlist the clinical utility of echocardiography, enumerate the public health applications of echocardiography, identify challenges in the implementation, and propose public health recommendations to overcome the identified challenges. The inclusion of echocardiography in malnutrition has the potential to bridge diagnostic gaps by facilitating the detection of early cardiac changes even in asymptomatic persons and ensuring that targeted interventions can be implemented in resource-constrained settings. Regardless of the utility of echocardiography in the detection and monitoring of malnutrition-related cardiac problems, the full-fledged implementation of the same in low- and middle-income nations has its share of challenges. In conclusion, echocardiography is an effective tool to detect the cardiovascular effects of malnutrition. The integration of echocardiography into public health initiatives can provide vital insights into the burden of malnutrition-related cardiac dysfunction, and this calls for the need to overcome the potential challenges to improve health outcomes in underserved populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scientometric Exploration of <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i> in Cancer Gastric: Impact, Trends, and Collaboration Dynamics.","authors":"Harold Benites-Goñi, Dacio Cabrera, Cesar Mauricio-Vilchez, Arnaldo Munive-Degregori, Fran Espinoza-Carhuancho, Frank Mayta-Tovalino","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_279_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_279_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (Hp) has been widely linked to various gastric pathologies, including gastric cancer (GC). Understanding how scientific production in this area has been structured, developed, and impacted is key to guiding future research and clinical strategies. To scientometrically explore the oncological literature related to Hp and GC, evaluating its volume, impact, collaboration, and thematic evolution between 2019 and 2025.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive scientometric study with an exploratory approach was conducted. The search was performed in Scopus on June 7, 2025, using the strategy with Boolean operators and broad terms related to Hp and GC. Documents published between January 2019 and June 2025 were selected. The analysis was performed using SciVal, Bibliometrix (R), and VOSviewer, exploring performance indicators, collaborative networks, and thematic evolution. The report was guided by the Reporting and Measurement of Items for Bibliometric or Scientometric Studies in Health Sciences (RAMIBS) guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4573 documents discussed were obtained from 1445 sources. The number of documents obtained each year declined on average (-8.74%), with an average of 14.09 citations per document (high collaboration rate at 20%), with high impact authors (P. Malfertheiner, h-index 99, countries such as China, Japan, and United States), and the leading journals of Helicobacter and Gastroenterology for productivity and impact in the field. The amount of output was highly concentrated based upon Bradford's Law (46 core journals identified) and there was a strong bibliographic core (in co-citation), whilst thematic evolution showed that the focus of scholarship has evolved from virulence factors focused to integrative approaches around antimicrobial resistance, microbiome, and artificial intelligence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The field of research on Hp and GC is an established and collaborative domain currently undergoing a methodological change. The study presents the roadmap that provides guidance for future scientific production and making editorial and clinical decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Utility Analysis of High-Intensity Statins; Atorvastatin 40 and 80 mg versus Rosuvastatin 20 mg from Egyptian Public Payer's Perspective: A Markov Model.","authors":"Ahmed Ibrahim, Dalia ElSherbiny, Mohammed A Alhussaini, Areej Masroja, Islam Anan","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_370_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_370_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dyslipidemia is a significant burden correlated with the risk of developing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, no available studies compare the cost-utility analysis of high-intensity statins for managing Egyptian patients with dyslipidemia. The study aimed to measure the cost-utility of different high-intensity statins in managing patients with dyslipidemia within the Egyptian public sector.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A half-cycle corrected Markov model with six mutually exclusive health states was developed to reflect the real practice of managing patients with dyslipidemia upon the physician's decision to use atorvastatin 40 and 80 mg vs. rosuvastatin 20 mg. A 1-year cycle length was applied, and a 10-year time horizon was selected to reflect the long-term consequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 10 years horizon, atorvastatin 40 mg was associated with the lowest annual cost per percent LDL-C reduction, followed by rosuvastatin 20 mg and atorvastatin 80 mg. Atorvastatin 40 mg generated a total of 4.152 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), with incremental 0.0012 QALYs, versus rosuvastatin 20 mg, with savings of 3,245 egyptian pounds (EGP). Atorvastatin 80 mg produced a total of 4,159 QALYs, with an incremental 0.0084 QALYs, versus rosuvastatin 20 mg at an incremental cost of 435 EGPs, representing a more cost-effective option under the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold in Egypt of 139,000 EGPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atorvastatin 40 mg was shown to be strongly dominant over rosuvastatin 20 mg, with numerically higher QALY outcomes and lower associated costs. Atorvastatin 80 mg is considered a cost-effective option versus rosuvastatin 20 mg, with an incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) value significantly below the WTP threshold.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Influence of Warning Labels on E-cigarette Products and Their Efficacy in Shaping User Perceptions Toward Smoking Cessation.","authors":"Shamyl Zehra, Daniyal Rashid","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_299_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_299_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern and Disease Activity and Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Elmira Ramezani, Mehrnaz Nikkhah, Farshad Teymoori, Mehrnaz Morvaridi, Mohammadreza Vafa, Nasser Ebrahimi Daryani","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_247_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_247_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diets with higher inflammatory potential may partially worsen inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate the association between a diet's proinflammatory potential based on empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score, IBD activity score, and patient's quality of life.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among 475 outpatients with IBD. We assessed the EDIP score, which consists of 14 dietary parameters using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The short form of quality of life of inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire-9 (IBDQ-9), simple clinical colitis activity index questionnaire (SCCAI), the Crohn's disease activity index questionnaire (SCDAI), the international physical activity questionnaire, and a demographic questionnaire were also completed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The beta coefficient of specific disease activity scores per each unit increment in the EDIP score was -2.31 (-64.0, 59.2) <i>P</i> value of 0.9 and -0.72 (-1.98, 0.54) <i>P</i> value of 0.2 in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients, respectively, based on the final model of regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, education level, marital status, disease duration, and energy intake. The beta coefficient of quality of life in all participants per each unit increment in the EDIP score was -14.1 (-20.0, -8.2) <i>P</i> value of < 0.001 after adjustments mentioned above.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary adjustments may modulate patients' quality of life with IBD. It should be confirmed by further studies with, well-designed studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Mineral Density Loss in Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Matched Case-control Study.","authors":"Elham Sadat Azimi, Aysa Shaygannejad, Saeed Vaheb, Mohammad Yazdan Panah, Mohammad Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein Mokhtari Jazi, Fereshteh Ashtari, Vahid Shaygannejad, Omid Mirmosayyeb","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_29_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_29_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior studies have linked bone marrow density (BMD) with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, the risk of BMD loss and associated factors in relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and NMOSD patients remains insufficiently evaluated. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis and identify associated factors in RRMS and NMOSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This matched case-control study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran, between November 2022 and November 2023. Patients diagnosed with RRMS and NMOSD, along with healthy controls (HCs), underwent densitometry of the femoral neck and lumbar spine regions. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined according to the WHO criteria, and associated risk factors were identified through logistic and linear regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 30 RRMS and 30 NMOSD patients, as well as 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), were included. The odds of osteopenia or osteoporosis did not significantly differ between RRMS patients and HCs (odds ratio (OR) =1.7, <i>P</i> = 0.34). In contrast, NMOSD patients had a higher probability of developing these conditions than HCs (OR = 3.3, <i>P</i> = 0.02). BMD loss in RRMS was associated significantly with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (OR = 1.1, <i>P</i> = 0.013), while in NMOSD, significant relationships were found with age (OR = 1.3, <i>P</i> = 0.013), EDSS (OR = 3.4, <i>P</i> = 0.02), physical activity (OR = 0.2, <i>P</i> = 0.02), ALP (OR = 1.2, <i>P</i> = 0.02), 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (vitamin D3) (OR = 0.9, <i>P</i> = 0.034), and phosphorus levels (OR = 0, <i>P</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although no association was found between RRMS and BMD loss, NMOSD increased the risk of BMD loss threefold compared with HCs. Clinicians are advised to routinely evaluate these patients and their risk factors for BMD loss and implement preventive measures accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on \"Hypertension Exacerbates Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation\".","authors":"Manahil Rashid, Shamyl Zehra","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_247_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_247_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148329913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}