Janatin Hastuti, Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati, Madarina Julia
{"title":"Childhood High Adiposity has no Advantage for Height in Adulthood: Cross-Sectional Studies in Indonesian Children to Young Adults.","authors":"Janatin Hastuti, Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati, Madarina Julia","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_95_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_95_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is associated with faster linear growth; nonetheless, its benefit to the mature height of Indonesian children is questionable. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adiposity and height growth of Indonesian children, adolescents, and young adults aged 7 to 23 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Height and skinfolds at triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and calf were measured in 2,520 children, adolescents, and young adults aged 7 to 23 years (boys = 1,116, girls = 1,404). Central adiposity (subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds) and peripheral adiposity (triceps and calf skinfolds) were projected against heights in each age group. The ANCOVA test and partial correlation were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With the exception of ages 8 to 12 years, boys were always taller than girls after controlling for age and central or peripheral adiposity. Boys with higher central and peripheral adiposity were taller than their peers up to the age of 17 (<i>r</i> = 0.30-0.72, <i>P</i> < 0.05, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Girls with central adiposity grew taller than their thinner peers until the age of 14 (<i>r</i> = 0.17-0.50, <i>P</i> < 0.05, <i>P</i> < 0.01), whereas girls with peripheral adiposity benefit from this advantage over a more extended period of time. Afterward, adiposity did not offer any benefit on heights.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with high adiposity who were taller at an earlier age have no significant advantage over their thinner peers in terms of adult height.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Locus of Hope-Based Intervention to Address Mental Health Services Gap in Promoting Positive Mental Health.","authors":"Justin Vianey M Embalsado","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_357_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_357_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Tavassoli, Shahrzad Shahidi, Gholamreza Askari, Naser Tavakoli, Cain C T Clark, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
{"title":"The Efficacy of Zinc Gluconate Supplementation in the Improvement of Malnutrition Indices and Skin Abnormalities in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mohammad Tavassoli, Shahrzad Shahidi, Gholamreza Askari, Naser Tavakoli, Cain C T Clark, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_206_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_206_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemodialysis patients often suffer from several complications such as malnutrition and skin abnormalities. We hypothesized that zinc supplementation may improve these complications. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of zinc gluconate supplementation on malnutrition and skin abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this parallel randomized, double-blind, clinical trial, patients in the zinc group received 210 mg zinc gluconate (equivalent to 30 mg elemental zinc) per day. Skin abnormalities (i.e. xerosis and pruritus), body composition, anthropometric variables, handgrip strength, and appetite (including hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption) were measured at the beginning and end of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-seven hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to the zinc (<i>n</i> = 44) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 43) group for 12 weeks, After this period, 75 patients (<i>N</i> = 38 in the zinc group and 37 in the placebo group) remained in the study. In this study, no specific side effects of zinc supplementation were observed and twelve participants were lost to follow-up (<i>n</i> = 6 in each group) because of migration, kidney transplantation, death, dialysis access infection, and personal reasons. Zinc supplementation had beneficial effects on hunger) 95% CI: 9/55 (3/67-15/42)), desire to eat) 95% CI: 7/03 (1/82-12/24)), and prospective food consumption) 95% CI: 3/46 (0/3-14/1)) compared with placebo. Also, zinc improved pruritus) 95% CI: -0/52 (-0/82 to - 0/22)). We observed no changes in body composition, anthropometric variables, handgrip strength, and xerosis in the zinc group compared with the placebo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This randomized clinical trial showed that zinc supplementation yielded beneficial effects on appetite and pruritus in hemodialysis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Selected B Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, and B12) on Acute Colitis Induced Experimentally in Rats.","authors":"Niloufar Dalayeli, Valiollah Hajhashemi, Ardeshir Talebi, Mohsen Minaiyan","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_232_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_232_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition and lack of micronutrients are seen in many patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Considering that vitamins play an important role in preventing or protecting against inflammation at the metabolic, physiological, and pathological levels, this research was aimed to investigate the effect of a number of vitamin B groups in improving UC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental colitis was induced by rectal administration of acetic acid (3%) in male Wistar rats, and mega doses of thiamine (20 mg/kg), riboflavin (15 mg/kg), pyridoxine (30 mg/kg), and cyanocobalamin (250 μg/kg) alone or in combination were administered intraperitoneally for 5 days. In another group, normal dose (1/10 of the above-mentioned doses) of four vitamins in combination was administered for 15 days (started 10 days before colitis induction). Colon tissues were weighted and evaluated in terms of macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Normal dose of four vitamins in combination form and mega dose of thiamine caused a significant increase in the body weight of animals. All treatments except for pyridoxine (mega dose) diminished ulceration index, total colitis index, and colon weight compared to the control group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly in all treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative properties of selected B vitamins improved experimental colitis regardless of the dosage and duration of treatment. Despite its beneficial effect on biochemical markers, pyridoxine had the least effect in reducing the pathological features of colitis. More studies are needed to confirm the effect of these vitamins in the clinical setting of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oropharyngeal Colostrum Administration in Premature Infants: Impact on Immune Status and Incidence of Common Morbidities.","authors":"Majid Mohammadizadeh, Azadeh Jafari, Behzad Barekatain","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_132_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_132_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enteral feeding of preterm infants with maternal colostrum has well-known effects on protecting them, especially against serious infections. This study was conducted to determine whether oropharyngeal administration of colostrum to these infants, soon after birth, has any additional effect on their clinical outcomes and stimulation of their immune system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 preterm infants ≤30 weeks' gestation with birth weight ≤1500 g were randomly assigned to receive oropharyngeal colostrum (OAC group) or distilled water (DW group). Primary outcomes were urinary concentration of IgA on days 1, 8, and 15 of birth and incidence of late onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Data were analyzed by independent samples <i>t</i>-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Chi-square test using SPSS v. 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of LOS, NEC, CLD, and mortality and the mean duration of hospitalization and the time to reach full enteral feeding were similar in both groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The mean of urinary IgA levels increased significantly from the 1<sup>st</sup> day of birth to the 15<sup>th</sup> day of birth in the OAC group (<i>P</i> = 0.013) but decreased significantly from the 1<sup>st</sup> day of birth to the 8<sup>th</sup> and 15<sup>th</sup> days of birth in the DW group (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Results of repeated measures ANOVA test regarding the impact of the two interventions during the studied times on the level of IgA showed that the differences between the means were statistically significant [F (2,116) = 5.12, <i>P</i> = 0.007].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum within the first days of life in preterm infants increases the concentration of IgA in urine. The impact of this immune response on common morbidities of these infants, particularly extremely low gestational age neonates, still needs to be investigated more in other larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum 25-Hydroxy Cholecalciferol in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.","authors":"Reza Ramezani, Parivash Ghorbaninejad, Masoumeh Eslahi, Leila Sheikhi, Fatemeh Abbasi, Mohaddeseh Hasanzadeh, Saba Mohammadpour, Alireza Milajerdi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_133_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_133_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Earlier studies about the influence of vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation on patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) reported inconsistent results. Current comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of Vit D supplementation on clinical and subclinical factors in patients with IBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of Vit D supplementation in IBD patients, published up to March 2023. Data were analyzed by the random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's <i>Q</i> test and I-square (<i>I</i> <sup>2</sup>) statistic. The mean differences (MDs) were calculated as the summary effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included nine related articles, and our findings indicated that vitamin D administration increased serum vitamin D levels compared to placebo (weighted mean difference (WMD): 12.08; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 9.06, 15.09; <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 97.01%; <i>P</i> < 0.001) in IBD patients. However, it had no significant influence on disease activity (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.27; 95% CI: -0.42, 0.95; I<sup>2</sup> = 91.7%; <i>P</i> < 0.001) or serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD: -1.42; 95% CI: -3.90, 1.06; I<sup>2</sup> = 41.9%; <i>P</i> = 0.262).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current meta-analysis showed a significant effect of Vit D supplementation on increasing serum cholecalciferol. However, no significant effects of Vit D supplementation on the disease activity and serum levels of CRP were seen. Further studies are needed to expand current knowledge in this issue and found a significant increment in serum 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol concentrations following Vit D supplementation in IBD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Lifestyle Impact.","authors":"Shashi Mathur, Pratibha Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_297_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_297_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory infections, a global health priority according to the World Health Organization, cause around 7.5 million deaths annually, constituting 14% of global mortality. Beyond severe health implications, these diseases exacerbate social disparities and impose a substantial economic burden. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combines chronic bronchitis (airway inflammation) and emphysema (air sac destruction) caused by prolonged exposure to irritants, and poor lifestyle choices lead to airway blockage and breathing difficulties. Lifestyle choices significantly influence health trajectories, evidenced by a consistent increase in \"positive comfort\" over time. A Chinese study highlights the correlation between adopting a healthy lifestyle and increased life expectancy. European health initiatives address these challenges, emphasizing early detection through large-scale health camps to identify new cases and assess severity. Exacerbation and infections are primary triggers, with bacteria and viruses requiring antibiotic interventions. Awareness campaigns targeting causes, symptoms, and prevention, including childhood infection initiatives with influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, are crucial. Motivating smoking cessation and encouraging whole grain, fruit, and vegetable consumption mitigate lung oxidative damage. Promoting physical activity and addressing environmental pollution contribute to overall lung health. Timely nutritional evaluations for newly diagnosed cases manage obesity and malnutrition and prevent further lung function deterioration. There is growing attention toward the influence of poor lifestyle choices like sedentary lifestyle, environmental exposure, and unhealthy dietary patterns on the increased risk of COPD development besides smoking. This essay explores these factors, recognizing the intricate interplay between lifestyle and COPD prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating the Efficacy of Irisin Injection in Mimicking the Molecular Responses Induced by Endurance Exercise in Mouse Liver Tissue.","authors":"Shirin Shahabi, Fahimeh Esfarjani, Saeed Zamani, Fahimeh Zamani Rarani, Bahman Rashidi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_124_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_124_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity has been found to improve liver health by reducing oxidative stress (OS), possibly through the protein irisin. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) help regulate the body's response to stress and maintain cellular health. This study aimed to investigate the expression of the HSP70 gene and protein, miR-223a, and serum irisin levels in the liver after 8 weeks of endurance exercise or irisin injection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one mice were randomly assigned to a control group, an endurance training group, and an irisin injection group. The expression of the HSP70 gene and miR-223a was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while HSP70 protein levels were measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot analysis. The concentration of irisin in the mouse serum was evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The endurance training and irisin injection groups exhibited a significant increase in the HSP70 gene (405.30% and 816.03%, respectively) and protein expression (173.89% in IHC, 36.76% in Western blot for endurance training; 206.73% in IHC, 59.80% in Western blot for irisin injection) as well as elevated serum irisin levels (49.75% for endurance training and 60.65% for irisin injection) compared with the control group. In contrast, miR-223a expression decreased in both the endurance training (21.37%) and irisin injection (52.80%) groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05 in all cases). Mice in the irisin injection group demonstrated higher levels of the HSP70 gene (81.28%) and protein expression (11.99% in IHC and 16.84% in Western blot) and lower miR-223a levels (39.97%) than those in the endurance training group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concludes that irisin administration can replicate the effects of long-term endurance exercise on HSP70 and miR-223a and may have a more significant impact on their production than exercise training alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanie Hosseini, Mohammad Javad Askari, Hossein Rouhani, Mohammad Hossein Nikbakht, Farinaz Shirban, Mohammad Bagherniya, Gholamreza Askari
{"title":"The Associate between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index and Periodontal Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Hanie Hosseini, Mohammad Javad Askari, Hossein Rouhani, Mohammad Hossein Nikbakht, Farinaz Shirban, Mohammad Bagherniya, Gholamreza Askari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_355_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_355_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown that the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with different health outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between DII and oral health. We aimed to assess the association between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and periodontal disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 213 Iranian participants. E-DII was calculated based on the data obtained by the food frequency questionnaire. The plaque control index was measured by the O'Leary method. Gingivitis was evaluated based on the signs of inflammation in the gums. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) are based on the number of decayed, filled, and missed teeth resulting from caries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the score of E-DII among subjects in the last tertile of the E-DII was ≥ -0.33/. Therefore, participants of the present study did not consume a high proinflammatory diet. No significant correlation between E-DII and dental plaque control index (r = 0.046, <i>P</i> = 0.518), gingival index (r = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.998), and DMFT (r = -0.021, <i>P</i> = 0.762) was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, inflammatory diet and plaque and gingival index were not associated; it should also be investigated in prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}