International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19's Effect in Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Fatemeh Abbasi, Minoo Movahedi, Leila Mousavi Seresht, Farzaneh Nazari, Zahra Naeiji, Taraneh Arbabzadeh, Somayeh Khanjani","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_245_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_245_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health and the global economy. It has also been found to have potential effects on pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, and mother-to-infant transmission. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with pregnancy. A systematic review study was conducted by searching the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases according to PRISMA guidelines from December 1, 2019, to December 23, 2022. The results indicate that there was an increase in the rate of cesarean delivery among mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, the study found that the mode of delivery for pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 did not increase or decrease the risk of infection for newborns. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in maternal and infant mortality rates, as well as stillbirths and ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Research has shown that SARS-CoV-2 can potentially be transmitted during pregnancy, although vertical transmission is rare. However, additional data are needed to investigate this adverse effect, especially regarding reports of disease recurrence in mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Quality Policy and Strategy of the Health Services in Health Systems of Developing Countries: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Razieh Fallah, Mohammadreza Maleki, Aidin Aryankhesal, Aliakbar Haghdoost","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_397_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_397_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has always been argued that countries should not be inactive about the quality of health services. Therefore, a clear policy needs to be created regarding how quality of health services should be. The present scoping review was aimed to identify and map the available evidence regarding the National Quality Policy and Strategy (NQPS) of the health services in health systems of developing countries, graphically and tabularly. We followed the published methodological guidance of the Joanna Briggs Institute reviews. Also, we employed a narrative thematic synthesis integrated with the systematic analysis using the World Health Organization's approach of NQPS, and the multiple-streams framework of Kingdon. We included 33 records that met the inclusion criteria; these records were published between 2010 and 2019. Meanwhile, government documents were the most frequent records (61%). Zimbabwe, Indonesia, and Sudan were the most frequent locations (each one 8%). The Ministry of Health was in charge of the ultimate responsibility for developing the NQPS in all identified countries. Besides, 82% of the countries were in the development phase of NQPS formulation, and convergence of three streams was observed in Indonesia, Sudan, and Tanzania. It seems that the African countries were informed about their quality issues, and the need for having NQPS have been more popular with them. We recommend that future research focuses on examining NQPS in terms of prioritizing in the agenda-setting phase of the policy-making cycle, and also, document analysis of all identified NQPS based on the core eight interdependent elements related to the NQPS approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the Health Transformation Plan on Hospital Performance Indicators: A Meta-analysis Study in an EMRO Region Country.","authors":"Fatemeh Setoodehzadeh, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Mohammad Khammarnia, Fatemeh Bagher Barahouei","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_69_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_69_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To adapt to the changing conditions and respond to the needs of society, health systems need continuous changes and reforms in their structure and performance, and subsequently, they need to evaluate their indicators. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of the health system transformation plan (HTP) on the functional indicators and efficiency of hospitals in a country in the Middle East region (Iran). A systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using the online databases Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Pubmed, SID, Magiran, and Medlib from 2013 to 2022 using a combination of medical subject heading terms ('health system transformation plan [Mesh] OR 'health reform [Mesh] OR implementation of the health transformation plan [Mesh] ''AND ('performance indicators' [Mesh]) ''AND ('Iran' [Mesh]). STATA version 11 were used for data analysis. A total of 20 reports (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control) were identified for this study. The results showed that after the HTP, the indices of bed occupancy rate and bed turnover rate have increased and the index of bed turnover distance has decreased. On the other hand, after the implementation of this plan in hospitals, the average of patients' length of stay has increased. The implementation of HTP has improved most of the performance indicators of hospitals and has generally led to an increase in the productivity of hospitals compared to that before the implementation of the plan. However, efforts to strengthen weak performance indicators and identify effective indicators along with adopting correct policies to increase the overall efficiency of hospitals can be effective in improving HTP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of Clinical Practice Guideline for Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Isfahan Province.","authors":"Sayed Mohammad Hosseeini, Mohammad Jafari, Marzieh Tahmasebi, Payman Adibi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_284_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_284_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the presence of hepatic steatosis (accumulation of fat in the liver to over 5% of its weight) in the absence of secondary causes of fat accumulation in the liver such as excessive alcohol use. NAFLD is divided into two types: non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Therefore, in this clinical guideline, we sought to determine general and important policies for this disease and modify its managment approaches. We adapted this guideline for the management of NAFLD in Isfahan Province. This guideline was developed by clinical appraisal and review of the evidence, available clinical guidelines, and in consultation with members of the Isfahan Chamber of the Iranian Association of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Biopsy is recommended as the most reliable method (gold standard) to diagnose steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) are recommended as the test with the highest predictive value for advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD compared to other serologic tests. Among the noninvasive methods used to assess liver fibrosis, transient elastography (TE) is preferable to other methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142142338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutation Analysis of PAH Gene in Phenylketonuria Patients from the North of Iran: Identification of Three Novel Pathogenic Variants.","authors":"Hossein Jalali, Daniel Zamanfar, Muhammad Amirzadegan, Farshide Ghadami, Mahan Mahdavi, Mohammad Reza Mahdavi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_50_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are more than 1100 different pathogenic variants in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (<i>PAH</i>) gene that are responsible for phenylketonuria (PKU) diseases, and the spectrum of these mutations varies in different ethnic groups. The aim of the present study was to identify the frequency of pathogenic variants in all 13 exons of the <i>PAH</i> gene among patients with PKU in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces in the north of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty unrelated PKU patients from Mazandaran and Golestan provinces were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes using a Qiagen DNA extraction kit and polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and Sanger sequencing methods were applied to detect the variants. In the case of new variants, the InterVar online tool (PMID: 28132688) was used to classify the variants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one different pathogenic variants were observed among the 40 investigated patients. The c.106611G>A variant had the highest frequency (27.5%) in the region, and the c.168+5G>C, c.473G>A, and c.782 G>A variants were the other most frequent mutations with allelic frequencies of 7.5, 5, and 5%, respectively. Three novel pathogenic variants including c.773T>G, c.878 T>C, and c. 1245del variants were observed among the investigated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The introduction of pathogenic variants in the <i>PAH</i> gene in each ethnic group provides valuable data regarding the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and can be helpful for prenatal diagnosis programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Development and the Battle against Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).","authors":"Ram Kumar Garg","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_334_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_334_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Branched and Aromatic Amino Acids, Diet Inflammatory Index, and Anthropometric Indices on Mental Health.","authors":"Golnaz Majdizadeh, Mina Beytollahi, Abolghasem Djazayery, Ariyo Movahedi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_59_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_59_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health disorders are one of the most important and increasing health problems in the youth of today's societies. Some dietary intake and body mass status are factors that affect mental health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) and anthropometric and dietary inflammatory indices with mental health, including depression, anxiety, and stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, the data of 138 teenage girls aged 13-18 years were collected. Three-day 24-hour food recall and standard anthropometric methods were used to calculate the dietary inflammation intake score of normal and energy-adjusted diets. Mental health disorders were diagnosed by the DASS-21 questionnaire. Statistical analysis used Student's <i>t</i>-test, correlation, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data based on the study's statistical requirements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the findings, 59 (42%) of the girls had mental disorders, and 79 (58%) were healthy. The average weight of stressed people was significantly higher than that of healthy people, and the BMI of anxious people was significantly higher than that of nonanxious people (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between stress and weight and energy intake. Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between BCAAs and mental health. The average intake of BCAAs was significantly lower in patients (<i>P</i> = 0.01). The trend analysis showed significantly lower BCAA levels among the 4^th quartile of mental disorders. No significant relationship was observed between DII, AAA, and anthropometric indices. After adjustment of the results, no relationship was observed between mental health and the studied factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCAA might be related to mental health. Further studies in different age and sex groups are highly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Diabetes Self-Management: A Novel Smartphone Application Featuring a Scoring Algorithm for Tailored User Engagement.","authors":"Mohammad A Tebianian, Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_268_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_268_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We developed and evaluated an intelligent diabetes assistant application (Diabetter) for the self-management of diabetes. It suggested that increasing the patient's interest and participation in using smartphone apps is important for the effectiveness of diabetes management apps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After evaluating all-encompassing features for diabetes management, we divided the selected factors into sub-factors for use in the application. Then, we created the first high-fidelity prototype using related programs and conducted early user testing to validate and improve Diabetter. To handle the user transaction time and keep them motivated, we designed and implemented a scoring system based on the nudge theory rules within the app.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To evaluate Diabetter's impact on diabetes self-management, we measured HbA1c levels after a prolonged period. The Diabetter prototype was developed and modified in a revised version for better user interaction with the app. The scoring system increased the input of users' information, which resulted in more analysis and recommendations to users. Clinical studies showed that as a result of continuous input of information from users who had been using the application for a longer period of time, their HbA1c levels were within the healthy range.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results demonstrate that the Diabetter application has been able to play an effective role in diabetes self-management by increasing users' app usage time. However, future study is needed to provide a better interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary Functioning Kidneys Attenuate Renal Hemodynamics Responses to Angiotensin II in Male But Not in Female Rats.","authors":"Zahra Pezeshki, Mehdi Nematbakhsh","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_195_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_195_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>People with solitary functioning kidneys (SFK) are prone to renal failure with time. Accordingly, local renin angiotensin system (RAS) and renal functions in subjects with SFK may act differently compared to normal condition. This study was designed to determine the renal hemodynamics responses to angiotensin II (Ang. II) in SFK male and female rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty to sixty-day-old male and female Wistar rats were subjected to unilateral renal artery obstruction, and 28 days later basal renal hemodynamic responses to Ang. II were examined in SFK groups compared to sham groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated lower renal vascular resistance (RVR) and renal blood flow (RBF) responses to Ang. II in male SFK compared to sham group. Such observation was not seen in female animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An increase in renal metabolism due to hyperfunction, especially in SFK male rats, may cause a decrease in RVR. Moreover, the lower RBF response to Ang. II may be related to alteration to Ang. II receptors in the remnant kidneys in SFK rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Prior COVID-19 Infection with Risk of Breakthrough Infection Following Vaccination: A Cohort Study in Isfahan, Iran.","authors":"Amirreza Manteghinejad, Sina Rasti, Maryam Nasirian, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_173_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_173_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many people worldwide have developed a combination of natural and vaccine-induced immunity to COVID-19. This study investigated whether exposure to SARS-CoV-2 before full vaccination promotes protection against a breakthrough infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied a total of 2,902,545 people in the Isfahan COVID-19 Registry. All the participants had received two doses of either Sinopharm BIBP, ChAdOx1-nCoV-19, Gam-COVID-Vac, or BIV1-CovIran vaccines. A cohort study examined the association between prior COVID-19 infection and the risk of a breakthrough infection for each vaccine. Cohorts in each pair were matched by gender, age group, calendar week of the first dose, the interval between the first and second doses, and the proportion of healthcare workers. The probable virus variant for the previous infections was also considered. Each individual's follow-up started 14 days after their second vaccine dose until either the end of the study censoring date, occurrence of a COVID-19 infection, or death. The breakthrough infection risk was compared between each cohort pair by using the hazard ratio (HR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total breakthrough HRs (95% confidence interval) (previously infected over infection-naïve matched cohort) were 0.36 (0.23-0.55), 0.35 (0.32-0.40), 0.37 (0.30-0.46), and 0.43 (0.32-0.56) for the BIV1-CovIran, Sinopharm BIBP, Gam-COVID-Vac, and ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine groups, respectively. The breakthrough infection IRRs were approximately similar to the total HRs mentioned above.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection conferred additive immunity against breakthrough after vaccination, no matter which vaccine brand was injected. Such a result could guide health authorities to codify low-cost high-benefit vaccination protocols and protect the community's well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}