International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Letter to Editor: Comments on \"Association of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D Levels with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Cross-Sectional Study\".","authors":"Sarosh Ansar","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_9_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_9_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Appraisal of Causality Observational Studies: A Case-Study of the Effect of Tattoo on Malignant Lymphoma.","authors":"Mohammad A Mansournia, Maryam Nazemipour","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_471_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_471_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies are often used for assessing the causal effect of an exposure on the outcome though they suffer from several validity threats such as confounding, selection bias, measurement bias, over-adjustment bias, model misspecification/failure bias, and cognitive bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We illustrate how to appraise causality studies through a recently published paper assessing the effect of tattoo on malignant lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We argue how the study results should be cautiously interpreted in terms of bias in the design and analysis as well as the magnitude of the effect/impact measure values compatible with data. Also we show how a better understanding of the study results can be achieved by calculating some useful indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even with sophisticated analytic methods, causal inference from observational studies is a risky business, and so their results should be critically appraised.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Projections of Suicide and Medical Causes in India: A 56-Year Retrospective Analysis and Forecast (1966-2032) Using ARIMA Modelling.","authors":"Nivethitha Vivekanandan, Roy A Daniel, Sahanaa Yuvraj, Premanand Varadharajulu, Ragul Ganesh, Siddharth Upadhyay","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_309_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_309_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is a major global public health challenge, claiming over 700,000 lives annually. India has one of the highest burdens, with a suicide rate of 12.5 per 100,000 population. Yet, the contribution of medical causes, including chronic illness, substance abuse, and infertility to suicide, in India remains poorly characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed suicide trends in India from 1966 to 2022 using data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was applied to forecast suicide rates and medical causes for 2023-2032. Statistical analyses were performed using Python 3.7 and STATA 14.0, with trends stratified by age, gender, and cause. Model fit was assessed with Akaike Information Criterion and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Suicide mortality in India increased steadily from 1966 to 2022, rising from 360,553 deaths in 1964-1972 to 1,422,631 deaths in 2013-2022. Males constituted nearly 70% of all deaths (989,178 male vs. 433,294 female deaths in 2013-2022), with the 18-30-year age group being the most affected (34.3%). Among medical causes, illness and drug addiction were the predominant contributors, with 68.3% of illness-related suicides occurring in males during 2013-2022. The NCRB classifies \"illness\" as a composite category that includes chronic physical diseases, mental illness, HIV/AIDS, cancer, and neurological conditions, without providing a disease-wise breakdown. Infertility-related suicides remained comparatively low. ARIMA (0, 2, 1) forecasting indicated that suicide rates will rise from 12.8 per 100,000 in 2023 to 13.1 per 100,000 by 2032.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suicide in India is projected to continue rising, with young men disproportionately affected. Urgent, gender-sensitive interventions are needed, targeting chronic illness, substance abuse, and mental health support in underserved areas. Policy frameworks should prioritize integrating suicide prevention into primary care and chronic disease programs to mitigate future burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing the Data Elements for Patient Registry System for Membranous Nephropathy in Isfahan Province.","authors":"Firouzeh Moeinzadeh, Seyed Hamidreza Motafakeran, Mojgan Mortazavi, Shahrzad Shahidi, Golsa Ghasemi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_48_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_48_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Membranous nephropathy is one of the most common glomerulonephritis types in adults. Various treatment methods are applied for this disease. Establishing a patient registry system and analyzing the collected data can help identify the strengths and limitations of current treatment approaches. This enables the adoption of more effective therapies, preventing disease progression to end-stage renal disease. Furthermore, consolidating patient information into a unified electronic system has diverse applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This action research study utilized patient medical records (including hospital files, clinic cards, test reports, and prescriptions) as the primary data sources. In cases of incomplete information, data were collected from patients or their close relatives. Patient information was gathered using a checklist. Data analysis employed tests as necessary, depending on the objectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final version of the checklist consisted of three sections: demographic variables (age, gender, education level, residence, date of birth, occupation, and contact information), laboratory tests, pharmaceutical variables, and treatment protocols used for patients. This information was systematically collected for all patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Establishing a registry for membranous nephropathy in Isfahan is critical in improving treatment and control of this disease within the Iranian population. Comparing this data with similar studies from other regions can reveal epidemiological and clinical differences, which can be leveraged to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Certain Maternal and Neonatal Factors with Neonatal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels: Insights for Congenital Hypothyroidism Prevention.","authors":"Ebrahim Babaee, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Mina Khosravi, Laya Fathollahi, Amirhesam Moosazadeh","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_60_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_60_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the associations between certain maternal and neonatal factors and neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Understanding these associations may contribute to strategies for reducing the risk of congenital hypothyroidism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran in 2023 and included 1914 newborns. Data were collected from electronic health records. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the heel and placed on special filter paper for analysis. The data was analyzed using independent t-tests and unadjusted and adjusted linear regression at a 95% significance level using Stata software version 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 1914 newborns, with 47.8% female and 81.4% having Iranian parents. Sixty percent were delivered via cesarean section, and 6.4% had a birth weight of less than 2500 grams. Additionally, 15% had mothers over 35 years old, and 38.7% reported parental consanguinity. neonates born via cesarean section had lower mean TSH levels, while those with a low birth weight (<2,500 grams) and those born to mothers over 35 years old had higher TSH levels. The crude linear regression analysis showed that older maternal age, low birth weight, and cesarean section delivery were significantly associated with neonatal TSH levels. After adjusting for covariates, multiple linear regression analysis confirmed the association between higher TSH levels and maternal age over 35 years, low birth weight, and cesarean section delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study has identified certain maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal TSH levels. Low birth weight, maternal age over 35 years, and mode of delivery emerged as significant variables in this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Test: The Quiet Promise of Preventive Health and it is Unknowns.","authors":"Shweta Chauhan, Advait Vaibhav Puri","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_456_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_456_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scientometric Mapping of Global Lenacapavir and HIV Research: Dynamism, Visualization, and Emerging Patterns.","authors":"Fran Espinoza-Carhuancho, Miguel Cabanillas-Lazo, Julia Medina, Cesar Mauricio-Vilchez, Lucia Quispe-Tasayco, Frank Mayta-Tovalino","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_223_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_223_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lenacapavir, an HIV capsid inhibitor, has shown powerful promise for HIV treatment and prevention purposes. Its new mechanism of action, and other abilities to inhibit viral replication have shown a significant advance, especially in treatment-resistant cases. This bibliometric analysis aimed to assess the scientific literature that relates to lenacapavir particularly around HIV treatment and prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the RAMIBS guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on January 8, 2025, using Scopus. The search included documents mentioning \"lenacapavir\" or its synonyms combined with HIV-related terms published between 2019 and 2025. Documents not meeting these criteria or unavailable in full text were excluded. Data were analyzed using VOSviewer for keyword co-occurrence, Bibliometrix for descriptive and network analysis, and SciVal for advanced impact metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 156 documents from 101 sources were analyzed, showing an annual growth rate of 89.86%. The average document age was 2.03 years, with 12.29 citations per document. The study involved 990 authors, with an average of 8.36 co-authors per document and 24.36% international co-authorship. Gilead Sciences, Inc., and the University of Washington were the prominent contributors. Key journals included \"Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS\" and \"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.\" The USA led the international collaboration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the significant scientific output and collaboration in the field of lenacapavir and HIV research. The findings are useful for identifying key sources and authors, facilitating future research and collaboration. The findings highlight how crucial international collaboration is for driving progress in scientific research and tackling worldwide health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Levels of Serum Cholecalciferol and Cytokines in Individuals with Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Relevant Clinical Trials.","authors":"Mohamed J Saadh, Tamara Nazar Saeed, Karar H Alfarttoosi, Gaurav Sanghvi, R Roopashree, Vishal Thakur, L Lakshmi, Waam Mohammed Taher, Mariem Alwan, Mahmood Jasem Jawad, Ali M Ali Al-Nuaimi, Bagher Farhood","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_73_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_73_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study assesses the impact of vitamin D supplementation on serum cholecalciferol levels and some cytokines in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a thorough search for relevant RCTs in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using appropriate keywords until December 2024. We calculated weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through random-effects analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies were included. Combining data from four studies showed a significant increase in serum 25 (OH) cholecalciferol levels after supplementation (WMD: 23.72; 95% CI: 12.92, 34.52). However, results from two studies indicated no significant changes in serum CRP (WMD: -2.48; 95% CI: -7.42, 2.46) and IL-6 (WMD: -2.49; 95% CI: -6.89, 1.92) levels. Conversely, TNF-α significantly decreased after administration (WMD: -0.81; 95% CI: -1.18, -0.45). There were no significant changes in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels (WMD: 0.29; 95% CI: -0.43, 1.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a significant rise in serum 25 (OH) cholecalciferol and a significant decrease in TNF-α, with no notable changes in serum CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in CRC patients after vitamin D treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Necessity of Strengthening Iranian Health Research Evaluation System: From Count to Change.","authors":"Katayoun Falahat, Monir B Eftekhari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_415_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_415_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Health Promotion Programs on Incarcerated Individuals in Northern Mexico.","authors":"Sandra Guadalupe Chavarría Hidalgo, Mariana Varela Rascón, Janette Guadalupe Moreno González, Carlos Eduardo Cañedo Figueroa, Guillermo Eduardo Cuéllar Nevárez, Karla Elva Loza Solano, Yazmin Andrea Hernandez Acosta, Luis Arturo Camacho Silvas","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_411_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_411_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals deprived of liberty exhibit high health vulnerability due to limited access to medical services and insufficient health promotion efforts. Implementing education and self-care programs constitutes an essential strategy to improve their wellbeing. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in clinical parameters following the implementation of health promotion programs among incarcerated individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective pre-post intervention study was conducted between February 2023 and July 2024 at the Male Social Reintegration Center No. 1 in Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua, Mexico. Fifteen male inmates with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension participated in a structured health promotion program that included educational workshops on nutrition, physical activity, and chronic disease self-management. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis included paired Student's <i>t</i>-test and McNemar's test (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions were observed in blood glucose (174.1 ± 123.2 vs. 111.1 ± 57.4 mg/dL; <i>P</i> = 0.0017), systolic blood pressure (140.7 ± 18.3 vs. 117.3 ± 9.6 mmHg; <i>P</i> < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (92.0 ± 10.8 vs. 84.0 ± 7.4 mmHg; <i>P</i> = 0.0013), and waist circumference (83.6 ± 37.6 vs. 80.3 ± 35.7 cm; <i>P</i> = 0.0005), with a favorable trend in body mass index (<i>P</i> = 0.065).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health promotion programs had a positive impact on the control of chronic diseases among the incarcerated population studied. These findings highlight the need to strengthen sustainable interdisciplinary strategies that uphold the right to health in prison settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}