International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"What Do We Know about The Potential Toxicity of Turmeric and Curcumin Derivatives.","authors":"Mohammad Nemati, Reyhaneh Rabiee, Faezeh Ghanbari-Gohari, Negar Mosayeb, Fatemeh Almasi, Maryam Zeydi, Omid Sadeghi, Alireza Milajerdi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_7_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_7_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turmeric is a well-known compound in traditional medicine and its derivatives, such as curcumin, have been used for years to prevent, treat, and improve symptoms of various diseases due to their beneficial properties. Curcumin is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Many studies have investigated the effects of curcumin as a dietary supplement on human health, and positive results have been reported. However, curcumin has low bioavailability, so several new derivatives have been produced to overcome this limitation. Most studies conducted so far have not reported any serious toxic effects from consuming turmeric, curcumin, and its derivatives. However, side effects have been associated with the consumption of these supplements in some human studies. There are also concerns regarding the use of higher doses of curcumin and its long-term use. Our review of the published human studies suggests that consuming turmeric, curcumin, and its derivatives has no major side effects. However, a few adverse effects have been reported in some studies, such as gastrointestinal complications like flatulence, abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. Side effects are more commonly reported in studies conducted on patients. Due to the specific physical conditions of patients and drug treatments, it is better to consult a health expert before consuming turmeric or curcumin. According to studies, it appears that consuming 6000 mg/day of curcumin is safe in the short term. However, further studies, especially on forms of curcumin with improved bioavailability, are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypercalciuria, an Old but still Bold issue in Children.","authors":"Alaleh Gheissari, Alireza Merrikhi, Yahya Madihi, Mohammadreza Mousavi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_295_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_295_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) represents a significant health concern among children. Given the influence of childhood health on adult well-being, the high levels of salt intake prevalent in the Iranian population, and the immediate and long-term effects of hypercalciuria, we have decided to assess the incidence of IH in children who are beginning their primary education, along with various related factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This survey was conducted on 653 children of first-degree primary school age (5-7 years old) in Isfahan, Iran from January 2018 to June 2019. A questionnaire containing demographic and laboratory data was filled out for all participants. The measurement of the fasting spot urine calcium-to-creatinine ratio was used to assess hypercalciuria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 295 out of 653 participants were male. About 56% of the pupils belonging to families who had more than 1-3 times of fast food per week, were hypercalciuric. After two times evaluation of abnormal results, 40.2% had hypercalciuria and 28.6% had hyperuricosuria. The mean values of mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and platelet to lymphocyte ratio, all serving as indicators of endothelial dysfunction, were slightly elevated in hypercalciuric pupils compared to their non-hypercalciuric counterparts, <i>P</i> < 0.05. The average of three blood pressure measurements, ages of bladder control, and also bladder indices were not different between these two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the countries on the stone belt, hypercalciuria is a common laboratory finding in children at the age of entering primary school. In patients with not only isolated microscopic hematuria but also with lower urinary tract symptoms, hypercalciuria should be kept in mind. However, the role of hypercalciuria and its risk factors in inducing endothelial dysfunction must be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Assessment Tools in Clinical Practice - Agreement Between Different CVD Risk Scores Among Patients Attending NCD Clinic in a Tertiary Care Setting: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Debkumar Pal, Snehapriya Suresh, A Priyadharshini, Kajal Das, Priyamadhaba Behera, Manish Taywade, Binod Kumar Patro","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_400_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_400_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to compare performance of three cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation tools; the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk prediction tool, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ACC/AHA ASCVD) Risk Estimator, and Framingham risk score (FRS) in estimating the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, observational, hospital-based study involving 200 high-risk study participants, who visited a non-communicable disease clinic in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. The 10-year CVD risk was estimated using the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator, FRS, and the WHO/ISH risk prediction tool. We used kappa statistics to determine agreement among these CVD risk estimators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) age of study participants was 54.07 (9.15) years, and the majority (63.5%) were males. About 96% of the participants were diabetic, 33.5% were hypertensive, and 16% were current smokers. About 18%, 20.5%, and 0.5% were classified as high-risk using the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator, FRS, and WHO/ISH risk tools, respectively. The agreement was moderate between the ASCVD risk estimator and FRS (Kappa 0.541, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and fair between the ASCVD risk Estimator and WHO/ISH (Kappa 0.305, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and between FRS and WHO/ISH (Kappa 0.314, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A higher level of agreement was found between FRS and ASCVD risk scores compared to the WHO-ISH risk score. The WHO-ISH risk score identified most study participants in the lower-risk category, contrary to the FRS and ASCVD risk scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictive Ability and Trend of Continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMets) Score as a Marker for the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome among Iranian Adults from 2007 to 2025 Using STEPS Studies.","authors":"Faeze Abbaspour, Ramin Heshmat, Saba Maleki Birjandi, Kimiya Gohari, Ali Sheidaei, Gita Shafiee","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_189_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_189_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to establish a nationally representative Continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMetS) sample of Iranian adults, validate its predictive ability for MetS components, determine age- and gender-specific cutoff points, and assess 15-year trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analytical cross-sectional study utilized data from the nationally representative four WHO STEPS surveys (2005-2021) among adults aged 25-60 with complete metabolic measurements. cMetS was calculated by combining residuals of waist circumference, mean arterial pressure, glucose, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides. A lower cMetS score suggests a more favorable metabolic profile. Optimal cutoff points for cMetS were determined using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. To assess the validity of our cutoff, we conducted two distinct phases. In addition, a generalized additive model predicted cMetS values until 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 18030 adults, 8419 (46.7%) had MetS in 2021. The overall cMetS cutoff point for predicting the presence of MetS was 0.47 with sensitivity 80.09% (79.39-80.79), specificity 81.94% (81.27-82.61), and AUC 89.20% (88.65-89.75). In 2020, the overall cMetS score for both genders was 0.22 (95% Prediction Interval [PI]: 0.20-0.24), with men having a higher score of 0.34 (95% PI: 0.3-0.37) compared to women at 0.13 (95% PI: 0.11-0.15). Projections indicate that the overall cMetS score is expected to decrease to 0.2 (95% PI: 0.15-0.25) by 2025. The 15-year trend of cMetS scores indicated a declining pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This comprehensive study across the nation affirmed the reliability of the cMetS score within a sample of Iranian adults based on population data and is significant for its provision of a nationally representative viewpoint on the adult population of Iran, introducing a novel approach for assessing trends in cMetS scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Innovative Pillow for Reducing Intraocular Pressure During Sleep.","authors":"Mohammad Mohammadi, Elon H C van Dijk, Alireza Attar","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_258_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_258_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Food Insecurity: A Public Health Crisis Demanding Immediate Action.","authors":"Aanchal Bijlwan","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_294_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_294_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adopting a Comprehensive Approach to Improve Nutritional Status among Critically Ill Children in Low-Resource Settings: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava, Prateek Sudhakar Bobhate, Nishigandha Meshram, Jidnyasa Bhure","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_244_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_244_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Critically ill children account for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality reported among the pediatric age group in low-resource settings. The objectives of the article are to ascertain the nutritional needs of critically ill children, enlist the identified challenges in maintaining nutrition among critically ill children in low-resource settings, and propose targeted public health interventions to overcome these identified challenges. The results obtained from a review article that studied the cases admitted in pediatric critical care units revealed that almost 48-84% of the pediatric patients were malnourished, which happens to be a key factor accounting for poor clinical outcomes. A wide range of challenges and gaps have been identified about the management of pediatric critical illnesses in low-resource settings. Acknowledging the high prevalence of malnourishment among critically ill children, the nutritional needs, and the presence of multiple factors at the policy level, health system level, and family level, the need of the hour is to adopt a comprehensive plan to reduce the existing burden of malnutrition. In conclusion, children from low-resource settings are quite vulnerable to malnutrition and other predisposing factors, which can affect the prognosis of the children. This calls for the need to adopt a comprehensive public health approach, involving different sectors to ensure that critically ill children receive the nutritional care they require for quick recovery and wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unfortunate Exposures of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Amid the Negligence of the Healthcare System.","authors":"Hossein Sadeghnezhad, Hakimeh Sabeghi, Seyyed Abolfazl Vagharseyyedin","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_198_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_198_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap in Health Disparities between Low-Middle Income Countries (LMIC) and High-Income Countries (HIC).","authors":"Manoj Patil, Abhay Gaidhane, Shital Telrandhe, Zahiruddin Quazi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_219_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_219_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Good health is the basic right of every human being. Health inequality and disparities between low-middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs) presents a substantial global health challenge. The differences in life expectancy, maternal health indicators, neonatal and child mortality indicators, burden of infectious diseases clearly point to the disparities between developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. This paper attempts to explore the reasons for these disparities, examines current approaches to mitigate them, and proposes the measures to enhance equity and equality in global health. The gaps in healthcare infrastructure, access to resources, policy priorities, and socioeconomic factors are critical in explaining the stark differences in health outcomes between these countries. Additionally, innovative solutions such as community-based health programs, international partnerships and digital health interventions are essential to bridge these gaps and achieve sustainable health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticoagulant Therapy in Coronary Artery Ectasia for the Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease.","authors":"Mohsen Safari, Zeinab Safari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_364_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_364_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal dilation of coronary arteries. This predisposes patients to thrombotic events and ischemic heart disease (IHD) due to turbulent flow and stasis. While antiplatelet therapy has been the cornerstone of management, anticoagulants are increasingly advocated to mitigate thrombus formation in ectatic segments. We conducted a PRISMA compliant search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library up to 2025, using terms like \"coronary artery ectasia,\" \"anticoagulant therapy,\" and \"ischemic heart disease.\" Included were peer reviewed studies comparing anticoagulants (warfarin or Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)) to antiplatelets in CAE patients, reporting IHD outcomes. Data extraction focused on study design, demographics, interventions, and endpoints; quality was assessed via Cochrane Risk of Bias and Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta analysis calculated risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); heterogeneity via I². Subgroups analyzed anticoagulant type and CAE etiology. 13 studies (n = 5,700 patients) were included. Anticoagulants reduced IHD risk (RR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.64 0.81; <i>P</i> < 0.001; I² =47%), with DOACs showing greater efficacy (RR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.54 0.79) than warfarin (RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70 0.96). Major bleeding was higher with anticoagulants (RR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.20 1.75; <i>P</i> < 0.01), but lower for DOACs versus warfarin. No mortality difference (RR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.86 1.12; <i>P</i> = 0.74). Anticoagulants, particularly DOACs, offer superior IHD prevention in CAE but increase bleeding risk. Personalized therapy is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}