International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Physician Suicide Code as a Health Warning.","authors":"Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan, Omid Barghi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_5_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_5_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Effects of Crocin, a Key Carotenoid Component in Saffron, Against Nicotine-Triggered Neurodegeneration in Rat Hippocampus: Possible Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis.","authors":"Mina Gholami, Daniel J Klionsky, Majid Motaghinejad","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_41_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_41_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nicotine is a behavioral stimulant that in high doses, through the neuro-inflammatory and oxidative stress pathway, can induce apoptosis and autophagy leading to cell death. Previous data indicate that crocin has neuroprotective properties. The aim of the current study is to investigate crocin's neuroprotective effects against nicotine-triggered neuro-inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in rat hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy adult male Wistar rats were divided into the following seven groups: Group one received normal saline (0.2 ml/rat), group two was treated with nicotine 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally, groups 3 to 6 were treated simultaneously with nicotine and crocin (10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), group 7 was treated with crocin-alone (80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The period of the mentioned agent administration was 21 days. On the 22^nd day, an open field test (OFT) was used for evaluation of anxiety and motor activity changes. Inflammatory and oxidative stress factors and also apoptosis and autophagy biomarkers were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All mentioned doses of crocin could decrease the nicotine-induced OFT behavioral changes. Crocin also could decrease levels of hippocampal TNF/TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor), IL1B/IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), unphosphorylated and phosphorylated forms of JNK, BECN1 (beclin 1), BAX (BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator), and phosphorylated/inactive forms of BCL2 (BCL2 apoptosis regulator) in nicotine-dependent rats. Crocin treatments also caused increases in the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) content and activity of CAT (catalase) and mitochondrial complex enzymes in nicotine-addicted subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Crocin can modulate JNK-BCL2-BECN1 or JNK-BCL2-BAX signaling pathways and reduce neuronal oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and exert neuroprotective effects against nicotine-induced neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines Among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Letter to Editor.","authors":"Omid Mirmosayyeb, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Aram Zabeti, Vahid Shaygannejad","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_11_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_11_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Radiation from Welding in Australia.","authors":"Lin Fritschi, Tim Driscoll, Ha Nguyen, Renee N Carey","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_250_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_250_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is produced during welding and can cause damage to both the eyes (ocular) and the skin (dermal). We aimed to investigate the protection used by welders to reduce their exposure to ocular and dermal UVR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Australia that asked welders about their welding tasks and the control measures they used to protect against UVR exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 634 respondents, of whom 411 undertook welding themselves, 36 supervised other welders, and 130 both supervised and welded. Dermal UVR exposure occurred in 7.8% of welders and 14.4% of supervisors, whereas ocular UVR exposure occurred in 16.8% of welders and 33.1% of supervisors. The use of personal control measures was much lower among supervisors than welders; however, the presence of warning signs or barriers was reported more often by supervisors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the well-known acute and chronic effects of exposure to UVR from welding, there are still many welders and supervisors who do not use adequate protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes Care: An Online Web-Based Tool for Improving the Health Outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Deepak Anil, D Sunil Kumar, S Rajendra Prasad, Arun Gopi, Hari Prakash, Deepika Yadav, M R Narayana Murthy","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_121_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_121_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is a chronic medical condition with severe complications, mainly caused by unhealthy lifestyles in genetically susceptible individuals. There has been a growing interest in the role of mobile health technologies in achieving better self-efficacy in managing diabetes. This study attempts to assess the impact of a web-based model on improving the diabetes status among Type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary care hospital in southern India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Mysuru, southern India, for 6 months. Diabetes Care (https://www.diabetes-care.co.in/), which is an online website that can be used as a risk prediction tool for uncontrolled diabetes and recommends lifestyle changes, was used by 456 diabetes patients for 6 months. We assessed the change in glycosylated haemoglobin levels at the beginning and after 6 months of using the software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean HbA1c value at the start of the study was 8.039% ± 1.981. The HbA1c value assessed after 6 months post-intervention showed an improvement of 7.794% ± 1.853 with a mean difference of 0.245. A paired T-test showed a statistically significant association with a <i>P</i> value of 0.049.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence from this study suggests that intervention using a web-based model focusing on risk prediction and educational intervention showed an improvement in the diabetic status of the patients with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Mental Health in the Philippines: A Response to the Call to Revolutionize Mental Health Services Toward Positive Well-being.","authors":"Justin Vianey M Embalsado","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_362_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_362_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information-seeking Behavior of Iranian Young Adults (18-28 Years Old) Regarding HPV on Social Media: A Preventive Approach to HPV.","authors":"Masoomeh Latifi, Nader Alishan Karami, Leili Allahbakhshian, Narges Aghaesmaeili, Hatav Ghasemi Tehrani","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_337_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_337_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health information-seeking behavior refers to individuals' targeted actions to satisfy their health information needs and search for relevant disease-related information. Nowadays, social media platforms provide a great opportunity for meeting health information needs and delivering preventive education regarding human papillomavirus (HPV). The purpose of this study is the information-seeking behavior of Iranian young adults (18-28 years old) regarding HPV on social media, a preventive approach to HPV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 among Iranian boys and girls aged 18-28 years. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 3840 participants. The data collection tool was Longo's Health Information-Seeking Behavior Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that Iranian youth aged 18-28 were more inclined to seek information on social media about the transmission routes and preventive measures for HPV. The primary informational need regarding transmission was \"I want to know the main route of HPV transmission is through vaginal and anal intercourse?\", and regarding prevention, it was \"Can condoms prevent HPV infection?\" Additionally, the findings indicated that young individuals sought information about HPV after their first sexual encounter. Most of the information needs of the youth were fulfilled through YouTube, Instagram, and WhatsApp, mainly in video format. Approximately 85.10% of the youth were satisfied with the information obtained from social media. The results revealed a significant and positive relationship between the health information needs of young adults (18-28 years old) in the area of HPV and personal factors. Gender, age, marital status, education level, history of HPV infection, and engaging is unprotected extramarital sex were identified as significant influential factors on the level of information needs of young individuals, especially regarding HPV preventive measures (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Health authorities and disease control and prevention centers need to harness the potential of social media in meeting the informational needs of youth and providing education and awareness, especially concerning the transmission and prevention of HPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors of Hip Fracture in Elderly: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma, Soudabeh Yarmohammadi, Esmaeil Fakharian, Robbert J Gobbens, Mehrdad Mahdian, Zahra Batooli, Mohammad-Sajjad Lotfi, Masoumeh Abedzadeh-Kalahroudi, Reza Fadaei Vatan, Gholamreza Reza Khosravi, Mohammad Reza Fazel, Mojtaba Sehat","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_169_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_169_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hip fracture causes significant disabilities in many elderly people. Many studies around the world have identified various risk factors for the hip fracture. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the risk factors of hip fractures. This study is a systematic review of risk factors for hip fractures. All published papers in English and Persian languages on patients in Iran and other countries between 2002 - 2022 were examined. The search strategy used keywords matching the mesh, including : predictors, hip fracture, and disability. Articles were selected from international databases (PubMed, Proquest ,Web of Sience, Scopus, Google scholar and Persian(Sid,Magiran), and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias. The study has identified several factors that were significantly correlated with the risk of hip fracture, including age, cigarette and alcohol consumption, visual and hearing problems, low BMI levels, history of falling, weakness, and diseases such as stroke, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, diabetes, dementia, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, liver and kidney diseases, bone density, osteoporosis, vertebral fracture, and hyperthyroidism. However, the study did not find any significant correlations between the consumption of calcium and vitamin D, history of fractures, cognitive disorders, schizophrenia, and household income, and the risk of hip fracture. The results of this study reveal the determining role of some risk factors in hip fracture in older persons. Therefore, it is recommended that health policy makers provide the possibility of early intervention for some changeable factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Mental Health Promotion to Address Suicide Rates: Hope Intervention on Suicide.","authors":"Justin Vianey Mercado Embalsado","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_360_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_360_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Family Physician Program after a Decade of Implementation from the Perspective of People: A Qualitative Study from Iran.","authors":"Behnam Honarvar, Kamran B Lankarani, Hassan Joulaei, Saeed Shahabi, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh, Yasamin Khosravaninezhad, Fatemeh Shaygani, Yasamin Kaheni, Niloofar R Rad","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_343_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_343_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A decade after the implementation of the Urban Family Physician Program (UFFP) in Fars province, southern Iran, we aimed to reveal people's opinions regarding the strengths and challenges of this program, which help policymakers for evidence-based improvement of this program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this thematic content analysis qualitative study, which was performed in 2023, one adult individual of each family under the coverage of UFPP was selected using a purposeful sampling method. Then, an in-depth and semi-structured phone interview was conducted with each participant. Interviews were continued until the achievement of data saturation. The trustworthiness of data was checked according to Guba and Lincoln criteria. Data analysis was accomplished using MAXQDA software version 10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 participants with a mean age of 41 ± 12 years old were interviewed. Extracted strengths points of UFPP consisted of 390 meaning units, 41 open codes, 16 subcategories, 9 categories, and 3 themes, of which the main themes consisted of proper governance, adequate service provision, and promoting community health. In contrast, the challenges of this program comprised 127 meaning units, 54 open codes, 17 subcategories, 7 categories, and 3 themes, the main themes of which included weak governance, inefficient service provision, and limitation of resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After a decade of implementation, people demonstrated contradictory opinions about many aspects of UFPP. Strength points should encourage policymakers to advocate more for this program and extend it to the other provinces of Iran, whereas weak points should be used for its revisions and improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}