International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Home based versus Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation on Mortality in Myocardial Infarction Survivors.","authors":"Fereshteh Beheshti-Nia, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Mahdi Mohammadi, Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Ghasem Yadegarfar","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_23_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_23_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI) is a health concern with different mortality rates even with advanced treatment. Home care is a new approach for monitoring and providing care to MI patients after discharge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of home based versus comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation recommendations on mortality among MI survivors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This randomized clinical trial at Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan, involved myocardial infarction survivors. Participants were divided into intervention (home based CR) and control (comprehensive CR) groups with a block randomization method. Mortality, returning to work, and rehospitalization rates of both groups were assessed and compared at 6, 12, and 60 months after MI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 259 participants were included in this study. Baseline variables were relatively similar in both groups. The odds of death in home care were 45% less than the control group (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.21 - 1.45, <i>P</i> = 0.229), and the odds of death changed 1,09 times by increasing each year of patients (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.18, <i>P</i> = 0.027). Also, returning to work was significantly higher in the intervention group during the 0-6-month period (intervention group = 99.08% vs. control group = 92.31% <i>P</i> = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found a 45% lower risk of death in the home based group, which was not statistically significant, possibly due to sample size limitations. However, the rate of returning to work activity was higher in the home based CR group. The home based method can be chosen as an alternative to comprehensive CR based on decision-making with the patient, specialists, and caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Stroke Mortality Among Adults in Southern Brazil: A Time Series Study (2000-2021).","authors":"Orivaldo F de Souza, Bárbara C de Santana Farias-Santos, Beatriz S Silva, Alessandra M G C Barbosa, Luiz C de Abreu","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_123_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_123_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Updated data on stroke mortality covering the period of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed. Therefore, this study analyzed the temporal trend of stroke mortality among adults in Paraná State, southern Brazil, between 2000 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A time series study was conducted using secondary data from adults. Joinpoint regression calculated the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) of mortality rate and proportional mortality from stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a decrease in the time trend of mortality rate (AAPC: -2.1; <i>P</i> < 0.05) and proportional mortality (AAPC: -4.0; <i>P</i> < 0.05) due to stroke in adults. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a sharp decline in proportional mortality (APC: -16.1; <i>P</i> < 0.05) in all adults, with a higher decrease in men (APC: -17.8; <i>P</i> < 0.05) and in the 40-49 years age group (APC: -27.4; <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a reduction in the mortality rate and proportional mortality from stroke among adults aged 20 years and older. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a sharp decline occurred in the proportion of stroke deaths among all-cause deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Sense of Coherence in the Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Survivors: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Hamiodreza Roohafza, Ali Safaei, Gholamreza Masoumi, Azam Soleimani, Masoumeh Sadeghi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_171_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_171_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) struggle with stressful consequences. Sense of coherence (SOC) seems to be associated with a person's capacity to face life incidents. This study aims to evaluate SOC's correlation with the major adverse cardiac events (MACE) among the AMI survivors. The study was designed and reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines and checklist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was part of the ST-elevated myocardial infarction cohort study in Isfahan (SEMI-CI) conducted on 724 AMI survivors followed for 2 years. The patients' demographics, medical history, and follow-up manifestations were recruited. The 13-item SOC questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the patients' SOC, and the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) questionnaire was used for psychosomatic disorder evaluation, including health anxiety, illness denial, irritable mood, and demoralization. MACE defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)-related death was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression assessments showed that the SOC level was an independent predictor for the development of MACE (OR: 0.67; 95%CI: 0.40-0.85). This finding was confirmed by the controlling factors, including demographic data (OR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.35-0.79), demographic factors and medical history (OR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.36-0.86), the previous ones plus clinical follow-up assessments (OR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.33-0.79), and all the evaluations plus psychosomatic factors (OR: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.42-0.92). Similar outcomes were achieved using SOC scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on this study, SOC was an independent MACE predictor in a large population of AMI patients through a 2-year follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Blockchain in Telemedicine: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Asghar Ehteshami, Mohammad Sattari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_348_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_348_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blockchain has many applications in healthcare and can improve mobile health applications, monitoring devices, electronic media record sharing and storage, clinical trial data, and insurance information storage. In this study, the aim was to investigate the application areas of blockchain and its impact in telemedicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study considers articles use blockchain for telemedicine. PubMed, Science direct, and Web of Science databases are considered as searchable databases. Information on authors' names, year of publication, country, application, privacy mechanism, blockchain platform, and encryption techniques are used. 249 studies were retrieved after the initial search. Finally, 16 cases had the necessary criteria to enter this study. The JBI checklist was applied to all 16 studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>China with 5 studies and Italy with 3 studies are the most important countries about blockchain in telemedicine that electronic health records are more used than others. Blockchain platforms are Ethereum, Internet of thing, cloud-service provider, and GPS. Encryption techniques are Attribute-based encryption: Decentralized identity: Order-preserving encryption- hashcode- Double blockchain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blockchain plays an important role in creating security for telemedicine technology. In the future, the use of technology will have a significant and important leap, which will attract the attention of many researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12919858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Today, Common Tomorrow: Strengthening Cervical Cancer Prevention in Low-Incidence Countries is Urgently Needed.","authors":"Wiebren A Tjalma","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_191_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_191_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Surveillance for <i>Listeria</i> Outbreaks: Bridging Human and Livestock Health.","authors":"Ankit K Badge, Nandkishor J Bankar, Sampurna Borbora, Obaid Noman","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_8_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_8_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Social Media User with Body Image Shame among University Students in Hail, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Mubashir Zafar, Layan Zaid Alhamashi, Rakan Yusef Al-Shwihani, Majed Saad Al-Shertan, Mohammed Obaid Aljulaidi, Shumukh Alshubrami, Rahaf Saadi Alazmi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_65_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_65_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The high frequency of use of social media among students has prompted worries about its impact on attitudes toward body image. Previous research indicates that exposure to idealized body representations on platforms like Instagram and TikTok may lead to a distorted reflection of body image. This study explores the association between social media use and students' body image shame, aiming to understand how these dynamics affect mental health and well-being.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A study was conducted among university students; a total of 504 students were selected through stratified random sampling from different colleges of the university. Participants were recruited through campus-wide announcements and different social media applications. Data were analyzed and used correlation and regression analyses to identify a significant association between social media users and attitude toward body image shame. <i>P</i> value 0.005 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results found that a distinguished frequency of body image shame among study participants, with 81.0% experiencing internal shame and 74.8% reporting external shame. Used of social media was significantly associated with body image shame, as participants with high social media usage (>3 hours per day) had increased odds of experiencing internal (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) = 19.48, <i>P</i> = 0.000) and external shame (AOR = 6.12, <i>P</i> = 0.005) compared to those using social media for less than one hour daily.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study results found a positive association between social media habit and body image shame among students. Higher social media engagement correlates with increased internal and external shame, particularly among older and married participants. Awareness programs and interventions are needed to promote healthy social media habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Economic Inequality in under-5 Mortality in India from 2000 to 2022.","authors":"Subrat K Pradhan, Pranati Pradhan, Udayana Nayak, Bharati Panda, Satya Swaroop Tripathy, Sanjeeb K Mishra","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_371_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_371_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Under-5 mortality serves as a critical indicator of the population's overall health and effectiveness of the healthcare system. Reduction in under-5 mortality is a key global health goal, access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation. Disparities in under-5 mortality according to gender and economic status have not been well explored in India. This study aims at assessing the inequalities of under-5 mortality in India from 2000 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit was used to investigate the inequalities. Different summary measures like difference, ratio, population attributable risk, and population attributable fraction (PAF) were used. For each measure, point estimate and confidence interval were estimated. The data source was UN IGME.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In India, there is a declining pattern of under-5 mortality in females, that is, 96.6, 78.2, 61.0, 44.9, 32.6, and 29.2 in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022, respectively. The difference in gender-related inequality gradually decreased from 9.6 in 2000 to 0.2 in 2022. The difference in wealth-related inequality gradually decreased from 81.9 in 2000 to 28.9 in 2022. There was a significant decrease in PAF in economic status in 2005, that is, -49.4, as compared to -49.9 in 2000, which gradually increased to -48.8 in 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In India, under-5 mortality has decreased between the years 2000 and 2022. Gender-related inequalities of under-5 mortality have decreased significantly between the years 2000 and 2022, but economic status-related inequality still persists, which can be addressed by successful interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Risk of Diabetes Among Indian Population Aged ≥45 Years: Evidence from Longitudinal Aging Study in India.","authors":"Anshul Mamgai, Pritam Halder, Baridalyne Nongkynrih","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_178_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_178_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population at risk of developing diabetes in future is large and the number of people with diabetes is expected to rise. With sensitivity of 72.5% and a specificity of 60.1%, Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) can play an important role to screen the risk of diabetes. The objective was to determine the diabetes risk among Indian population aged 45 years and above using the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS). Additionally, the state-wise risk of diabetes was estimated and its association with various risk factors in this population was determined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used the baseline LASI (Longitudinal Ageing Study in India) wave 1 (2017-18) data. LASI was a household survey of adults aged ≥ 45 years and their spouses. It followed a multistage stratified area probability cluster sampling design. This age group was selected to determine the early onset of chronic diseases in this group. The outcome variable was the IDRS score calculated using age category, abdominal obesity-waist circumference (cm), physical activity and family history of diabetes. The data extracted from the LASI dataset included socio-demographic characteristics including sex, education, residence and the monthly per capita expenditure (MPCE) quintile. Metabolic and behavioural factors, such as BMI, self-reported hypertension status, consumption of tobacco and hyperlipidemia were also included along with development of diseases like stroke, chronic heart disease, chronic bone/joint diseases, cataract and neurological/psychiatric disorders. Statistical analysis used: Univariate and multivariate analysis using ordinal regression was done on the extracted data, with the calculated IDRS as the dependent variable. <i>P</i> value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This analysis included 52,063 non-diabetic individuals ≥45 years. Half (46.3%) (95% CI: 45.8-46.7) of the LASI population had a high risk of diabetes. Only a small proportion (4.5%) (95% CI: 4.3-4.6) had a low risk of diabetes. The proportion of population with high IDRS varied from 24% to 75%. The highest proportion of individuals with high IDRS were seen in the states/UTs of Lakshadweep, Kerala, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Goa. In contrast, Nagaland, Assam, Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh showed the lowest proportion of individuals in high IDRS category. Females and urban population had 2.26- and 1.62-times the odds of being in the high-risk category of IDRS, respectively. The underweight population had 78% odds of being at high risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this population, half were at high risk for diabetes, with a wide variation in the risk among the states. A significant proportion of individuals may be unaware of their diabetes status. Targeted interventions can be applied on this high-risk population. This may include early diagnosis and promotion of a healthy lifestyle.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Management and Work-Life Balance: A New Academic Paradigm.","authors":"Poonam Sharma, Lisa Chadha, Rajwant Kaur, Inu Arya","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_146_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_146_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of work-life balance (WLB) has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly within the academic sector, where faculty face unique challenges due to the multifaceted demands of teaching, research, and administration. This manuscript examines the significance of WLB for academicians, emphasizing the hurdles they encounter in achieving balance, including the pressures of a publish-or-perish culture and the frequent blurring of boundaries between professional and personal time. Despite the perceived flexibility of academic work, many faculty members find it challenging to disengage from professional obligations, resulting in heightened stress and reduced personal time. To address these challenges, the manuscript introduces the emerging \"hourly need\" approach, which advocates for real-time management of daily stressors to mitigate burnout and enhance sustainable productivity. Additionally, it outlines effective strategies for promoting WLB, such as institutional support for flexible work arrangements, effective time management practices, and the implementation of wellness programs. By cultivating a culture that prioritizes work-life balance, academic institutions can significantly improve faculty well-being, retention, and overall job satisfaction. Ultimately, this manuscript aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding work-life balance in academia, providing insights and recommendations that enable academicians to navigate their professional and personal lives more effectively. Through this exploration, it seeks to underscore the critical importance of WLB in fostering a healthy and productive academic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}