Modulation of Blood Lead Level and Liver Function Tests in Iranian Opium Users.

IF 1.5 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

International Journal of Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_52_23

Mohammad Reza Eskandarion, Maryam Kohansal, Maral Chavoshi, Maryam Forutan, Raheb Ghorbani, Farid Heidari, Reza Azizian, Mehdi Norouzi, Bashir Nazparvar, Mohsen Tabasi, Maryam Akhgari

{"title":"Modulation of Blood Lead Level and Liver Function Tests in Iranian Opium Users.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Eskandarion, Maryam Kohansal, Maral Chavoshi, Maryam Forutan, Raheb Ghorbani, Farid Heidari, Reza Azizian, Mehdi Norouzi, Bashir Nazparvar, Mohsen Tabasi, Maryam Akhgari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_52_23","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Opium users are at risk of lead poisoning. Therefore, this study aimed to compare opium users with healthy controls in terms of blood lead levels (BLLs), blood biochemistry, and liver function tests.Methods: A total of 100 people participated in the study. Biological samples (blood and urine) obtained from participants were prepared before analysis for the detection of opium alkaloids (morphine, codeine, papaverine, noscapine,…), amphetamine-type stimulants, and other licit and illicit drugs. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to calculate BLLs. We evaluated biochemical parameters and function tests. All statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS. In addition, biochemical parameters and liver function tests were evaluated.Results: The BLLs of opium addicts living in Tehran and healthy controls were 18.8 and 7.1 g/dL, respectively. A strong correlation was observed between the route of opium consumption and the average amount of BLL ± SEM (P = 0.037). As compared with the control group, opium users showed a statistically significant (p 0.001) association between the serum levels of the enzyme's aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin and an increase in white blood cell and hematocrit levels.Conclusions: Results of the present study showed that opium users had elevated BLLs in comparison to the control group, which profoundly affected biochemical parameters and liver enzymes.","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"16 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303400/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_52_23","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Opium users are at risk of lead poisoning. Therefore, this study aimed to compare opium users with healthy controls in terms of blood lead levels (BLLs), blood biochemistry, and liver function tests.

Methods: A total of 100 people participated in the study. Biological samples (blood and urine) obtained from participants were prepared before analysis for the detection of opium alkaloids (morphine, codeine, papaverine, noscapine,…), amphetamine-type stimulants, and other licit and illicit drugs. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to calculate BLLs. We evaluated biochemical parameters and function tests. All statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS. In addition, biochemical parameters and liver function tests were evaluated.

Results: The BLLs of opium addicts living in Tehran and healthy controls were 18.8 and 7.1 g/dL, respectively. A strong correlation was observed between the route of opium consumption and the average amount of BLL ± SEM (P = 0.037). As compared with the control group, opium users showed a statistically significant (p 0.001) association between the serum levels of the enzyme's aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin and an increase in white blood cell and hematocrit levels.

Conclusions: Results of the present study showed that opium users had elevated BLLs in comparison to the control group, which profoundly affected biochemical parameters and liver enzymes.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

伊朗鸦片使用者血铅水平和肝功能测试的调节

背景：鸦片使用者有铅中毒的危险。因此，本研究旨在比较鸦片使用者与健康对照者的血铅水平（BLLs）、血液生化和肝功能测试。方法：共100人参与研究。在分析检测鸦片生物碱（吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、诺斯卡平……）、安非他明类兴奋剂和其他合法和非法药物之前，准备了从参与者身上获得的生物样本（血液和尿液）。原子吸收光谱法计算bll。我们评估了生化参数和功能测试。所有统计分析均采用SPSS软件进行。同时进行生化指标和肝功能检测。结果：德黑兰地区鸦片依赖者和健康对照者的bll分别为18.8和7.1 g/dL。吸食鸦片途径与BLL±SEM平均含量有较强的相关性（P = 0.037）。与对照组相比，鸦片使用者血清中谷氨酰基转移酶、γ -谷氨酰基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶和总胆红素水平与白细胞和红细胞压积水平的增加具有统计学意义（p 0.001）。结论：本研究结果表明，与对照组相比，鸦片使用者的bll升高，这深刻影响了生化参数和肝酶。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Preventive Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

4.80%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： International Journal of Preventive Medicine, a publication of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, is a peer-reviewed online journal with Continuous print on demand compilation of issues published. The journal’s full text is available online at http://www.ijpvmjournal.net. The journal allows free access (Open Access) to its contents and permits authors to self-archive final accepted version of the articles on any OAI-compliant institutional / subject-based repository. The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Preventive Medicine. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.