{"title":"EVOLUTION OF TAEKWONDO FROM SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL PRACTICE TO A MARTIAL SPORT","authors":"I. Dimitrov","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/74","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The evolution and development of each system follow the dynamic pace of everyday life, technological progress, consumer’s interests and needs satisfaction, adaptation to modern socio-economic conditions, and other important factors. The aim of the present study is to track peculiarities in the evolutionary development of taekwondo from spiritual and cultural practice to a martial art. The object of this study is the system of Taekwondo WT. The subject of our research are the stages in the development of Taekwondo WT, transformations in the legal framework of the World Taekwondo Feder-ation, and some specific and essential aspects of the system. The evolutionary stages in the transformation of Taekwondo WT, proposed by the author, are part of a wider concept related to its institutionalization. Various literature sources and key documents of the World Taekwondo Federation from different periods of the system were studied through the application of content analysis. The results indicate that Taekwondo WT is a system with a wide range and consumer interest. The inclusion of WT taekwondo as a major sport in the Olympic Games not only attracts more users, but also leads to dynamic transformations in the legal framework of the World Federation, to the implementation of technical devices to increase objectivity in competitions and to the launch of new products and services. In addition, different approaches are being adapted to increase the audience’s interest in WT taekwondo events, as well as different practices by sport clubs are being applied to meet the needs of the consumers. The reviewed WT taekwondo system, its current state and stages of development, clearly outline a departure from the ancient ideology and philosophy of the martial arts at the expense of a global scale and scope, leading to today’s typical goals - segmentation, meeting different consumer needs, achieving high sports results, more people involved, easy accessibility, etc.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"460 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125807007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asen Bukarev, Z. Stefanov, Dimitar Zagorski, O. Tishinov, I. Ivanov, Galina Rusimova, Ivan Janakiev
{"title":"AN INVESTIGATION OF LOWER EXTREMITY CONTROL OF ADOLESCENT FOOTBALL PLAYERS","authors":"Asen Bukarev, Z. Stefanov, Dimitar Zagorski, O. Tishinov, I. Ivanov, Galina Rusimova, Ivan Janakiev","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/32","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of the present experiment is to make a combined kinematics and dynamic analysis of test movements in adolescent football players and to perform an assessment of the muscle control of the lower limbs. 22 adolescent (12-years old) football players have been researched by means of a complex method for simultaneous registration of dynamometric and kinematic parameters of motor control. Two video cameras and a tens platform were used. The researched persons have been performing two test movements landing on the tens-platform from a standardized height of 35 centimeters and a jump and landing on the tens-platform. The analysis was effectuated by joining a software program for kinematic analysis “KINOVEA” and the dynamometric one by a specialized computer dynamometric system by a measuring platform. At the moment of maximum exertion, the angle between the thigh and the shank was measured. The distance between the knees at the moment of amortization was shot by means of the video camera placed in front. The juxtaposition of the change of the distances between the knee joints with the initial values shows a medialization in all researched persons. This is an indication of a deficit in the muscle control of the lower limbs. The coefficient of variation and the range demonstrate the presence of significant differences in the distance between the knee joints in different persons. The values in both tests prove to be rather close landing from a standardized height and a jump from a platform. In the angle of flexion at the moment of the maximum foothold reaction upon landing from a standardized height there are no big differences in the studied persons. In the jump from a platform the maximum values of the flexion are greater and the range of the values as well. This indicated to a greater individual dependency of the amortization phase of the landing on the very jump.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124790021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY IN THE DISCIPLINE WOMEN’S SINGLES BETWEEN BULGARIAN AND FOREIGN BADMINTON PLAYERS","authors":"Rumyana Ivanova","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/26","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study aims to investigate the performance in the discipline Women’s Singles among Bulgarian and foreign badminton players. Thirty matches - semi-finals and finals of international tournaments and state championships in badminton in 2020 and 2021 were studied. The contingent of the study was 5 Bulgarian elite badminton players training at Badminton Club “Aneta Yaneva NSA”. In addition, the playing efficiency of 10 foreign badminton athletes in the top 10 of the World Ranking List for 2020 - 2021 was studied for reference and comparison. Using the author’s methodology, 15 game indicators (strokes) were separated into three groups: attacking, defensive, and neutral, as well as the technical elements: service, meeting, and the realization efficiency of each individual indicator are derived. The mathematical-statistical methods of variation and alternative analysis are applied to process the obtained data. The results show a statistically significant difference in the game efficiency of the attacking type of shots (77% for the world elite badminton players compared to 35% for the Bulgarian players); defensive, respectively 7% of won plays by the foreign players compared to 46% by the Bulgarian badminton players; in the case of the neutral type of shots there were no significant differences in the two groups studied.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132929330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STUDY OF COORDINATION ABILITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO ANTICIPATION IN ATHLETES","authors":"Ilia Varbanov, Georgi Brestnichki","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/04","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination abilities are a set of human properties manifested in the training process and in competitive activity, which determines the success in the management of motor actions of different coordination levels (Lyach, 2002). According to Anochin (1979), an anticipation is a particular form of “overtaking reflection”, in which the image of the result of the action of its actual appearance (occurrence) is formed in the mind of man. Based on this statement, we will try to improve the performance of athletes. Improving the results by choosing the right action according to the feedback received after the first attempt and focusing attention and actions on rational and pragmatic implementation, which we expect to improve results and reduce repetitions in the study of new actions. In our view, a way to achieve this goal would be through work to improve the anticipation capabilities of athletes. The problem of anticipation in sports games is of utmost importance for achieving victory in the completion between offender and defender. Coordination of movements is related to coordination with objects, people, animals, and machines, the behavior and movement of which are often unpredictable (Videv, 2015). In turn, anticipation produces skill-actions (respectively, counteractions) that are confidently carried out within a fraction of a second, called “improvisation”, which is significantly increased by targeted multi-year preparation from childhood (7-8 years). Based on everything so far mentioned, we decided to test the coordination abilities of athletes and, at the same time, see how they would act in subsequent situations similar to the previous one to improve their performance by applying their anticipation skills. Our results point to our assertion that creating an image of your work and bringing anticipation actions into the implementation of performance, in this case, the implementation of various coordination exercises, would improve the performance of athletes.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115784688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EMOTIONS, FEELINGS, AND EXPERIENCES IN A MULTICULTURAL CLASSROOM","authors":"Mihail Georgiev, Ina Vladova","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/61","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bulgarian educational system is multicultural – in terms of ethnicity, religion, and mother language. The common ethnic groups in the country are Roma, who are the most heterogeneous minority community, Bulgarian Turks, Pomaks, Jews, Vlachs, Armenians, and others. Roma students often have learning difficulties with various etiologies. In these populations, some students do not speak or have a poor command of the Bulgarian language, both in writing and sometimes in spoken language. However, these children and young people need to be educated. Roma students and their parents need active communication and cooperation in this regard. The report presents the results of a study of the emotions and feelings experienced by teachers when working with Roma students and non-Roma students, as well as the emotions and feelings experienced by teachers in communication with the parents of these two groups of students. The research methodology contains eleven concepts characterizing different emotions and feelings and a five-point Likert-type scale measuring their degree of expression. The study was conducted on a sample of 193 teachers. The research results show that teachers often experience stress, fatigue, helplessness, and nervousness when working with Roma students. Joy, serenity, and enthusiasm are too low. When communicating with the parents of Roma students, the emotions experienced are identical. The work of the same teachers with non-Roma students is accompanied by positive emotions and experiences – joy, enthusiasm, vigilance, and calm. Negative emotions and experiences are of low expression. Teachers feel the same emotions and experiences, but in a different order, during their communication with parents of non-Roma students.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122711381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON COACHING EFFICACY AND LEADERSHIP STYLE AMONG BULGARIAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS","authors":"Gancho Prodanov, T. Iancheva","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/69","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to a number of authors, athletes ‘perceptions and evaluations of their coach’s effectiveness and behavior (real and preferred) influence athletes’ behavior and performance. The aim of the present study is to examine coaching efficacy expectations and leadership style among Bulgarian football players. Methods: The research was done among 73 football players (female-28, male-45) aged between 16 and 26 years. In order to fulfill the aim, we used: 1) Coaching Efficacy Scale (CES), Feltz et al., 1999; 2) Revised Leadership Scale for Sport (RLSS), Zhang et. el., 1997. Results and discussion: The results from the variation analysis showed similar levels in some of the components of coaching efficacy and leadership style. The comparative analysis revealed significant differences depending on the gender of the game strategy subscales and the way the coach makes decisions. There are established significant differences in the preferred behavior of the coach from the players on the social support and positive feedback subscales. The correlation analysis did not reveal strong relationships between the coaching efficacy subscales and the leadership style subscales. Accordingly, our results differ from the data published in the literature. The results from the regression analysis reveal that coaching efficacy does not directly affect the subscales of the leadership style, which differs from what is reported in the literature.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116323823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Stefanov, A. Antonov, Dimitar Zagorski, Galina Rusimova, I. Ivanov, Ognyan Tishinov
{"title":"AN EXPLORATIVE STUDY OF THE DEPENDABILITY OF THE EXECUTION ON ROUTINE SCORING GOAL IN FIELD HOCKEY","authors":"Z. Stefanov, A. Antonov, Dimitar Zagorski, Galina Rusimova, I. Ivanov, Ognyan Tishinov","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/33","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biomechanical analyzes of field hockey players have been developed. The analysis was made for shooting in the door by video recording from two high-speed video cameras. For each of the blows with the stick, kinematic analyzes were made both from a point of view in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blow on the ball, and from a rear point of view relative to the athlete. The aim of the development is to establish significant statistical regularities accompanying the repeatability of the stability of the motor habit in the effective execution of the blows on the ball in the hockey goal. Methods The scale of the shooting covers the athlete in general shooting. 8 control markers placed on the front of the stick, the right wrist, the right elbow, the right shoulder, the right and left knees, the right and left feet were used in the video recording from the lateral point of view. The same model for marking control markers is used when shooting the athlete from a rear view. The criterion for the selection of the studied points is to be visible when shooting. Additional lighting is used to increase the contrast required for automated kinematic analysis. Results and analysis Statistical analyzes of the shocks during the shooting were made, including the limit values of the linear velocities of the examined points by the athlete’s body during the execution of the shot in the door. The statistical processing includes variation, correlation, regression and anatomical analyses establishing the stability of the motor habit when performing the stroke by different athletes from the national hockey team. Statistically significant correlation and regression models were established connecting the instantaneous velocity of the blow with the stick on the hockey ball and the instantaneous values of the examined points of the athlete’s body.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127272699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNIQUES USED IN А TAEKWONDО COMPETITIONS BETWEEN 2009-2019","authors":"Nikol Chorbanova, Dimitar Avramov","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/16","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Practiced by millions of people around the world, taekwondo has quickly become a popular sport due to its technical innovation and spectacularity. The goal is to objectify the refereeing and make taekwondo even more attractive to the general public. Comparing technical performance in competitions spanning a decade would shed more light on the specific endurance needed by the modern taekwondo fighter. The aim of our study was to determine how the technical (quantitative and qualitative) indicators in competition have changed for the elite taekwondo athlete since the introduction of the electronic scoring system in 2009. The video analysis we performed on Sofia Grand Prix 2019 enabled us to compare the data with previously reported such from 2009. We discovered that the types of kicks used by the competitors amounted to 13 (2009) and 28 (2019). The variation analysis we performed showed that the average strikes per match were 76 (2009) and 193 (2019) with an average per round amounting at 25.33 (2009) and 64.33 (2019). The match-es with the most kicks 121 (2009) 208 (2019) were compared, as well as those with the least hits 40 (2009) and 108 (2019). In 2009, the competitors performed a kick every 4.73 seconds, while in 2019 every 1.86 seconds. Based on our findings we concluded that the number of kicks in a taekwondo match has increased twofold compared to 10 years ago, which means that the requirements for speed and strength endurance are even greater. Although the introduction of the electronic scoring system in taekwondo has led to a significant increment in the number and types of techniques in the taekwondo match, the technical indicators of the winners demonstrate that it is not necessary for the athlete to master the whole set of kicking techniques. It is enough to know 3 to 4 kicking techniques but to apply them successfully.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134312085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFECT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL TRAINING MODEL ON MOTOR ABILITIES DEVELOPMENT AND AEROBIC CAPACITY IN PEOPLE PRACTICING FUNCTIONAL TRAINING","authors":"M. Konchev, D. Zaykova, I. Bonova","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/29","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a current interest in optimizing the training load, which is expressed on the one hand in an increased degree of adaptation to physical exercises, and on the other - reducing the time for their implementation. The aim of the present study is to monitor changes in the level of development of motor abilities and the level of development of aerobic capacity in women and men practicing functional training through an experimental training model. Methods: The experiment involved 23 people (10 men and 13 women) practicing functional training. Within the 10-week period, they performed an experimental training model combining circuit training and Tabata protocol. We measured the physical fitness indicators by means of an adapted “Eurofit” battery, and the aerobic capacity of the participants by means of “Beep test”. Results: We report positive changes in the measured indicators of physical fitness and more significant improvements in the strength endurance of the upper limbs and abdominal muscles, explosive force of the lower limbs, and aerobic capacity. Conclusion: Our proposed experimental training methodology, applied for a period of 10 weeks has led to an improvement in functional capacity in women and men practicing functional training.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132376039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF USING BIOROW TECH SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING SOME TECHNICAL INDICATORS OF THE ROWING STROKE WITH NOVICE ROWERS","authors":"Daniela Oronova - Hristova, Krasimira Ivanova - Kunzova","doi":"10.37393/icass2022/20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/20","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The rowing technique is one of the main factors determining good sports results. Many different factors are combined in rowing, but only if the effective technique is understood and its key factors are mastered the rowers would be able to realize the full benefit from training. The primary purpose of the current research was to determine the effect on some technical indicators after the BioRow Tech system for ergometers was used in training university students – novice rowers. Methods of the experiment include measuring three variables: the positions of the handle, seat and trunk (at the level of the shoulder joint). The velocities of the legs, trunk, and arms were derived from measured points and used for analyses. BioRow Tech system produces three indicators displayed instantly for the rower to see: Catch Factor, Rowing Style Factor, and Finish Factor. Rowers receive real-time feedback after each stroke. The received results demonstrate an increase in all the above indicators within the groups of investigated students. It was determined that when rowing with different intensities, the Catch factor increased with an average of d%=75.17, P(t) = 86.6; the Rowing Style Factor with d%=23.25, P(t) = 95.7, and the Finish Factor with d%=33.86, P(t) = 68.3. The analysis of the results reveals a positive effect on improving the rowing stroke technical indicators. Using the BioRow Tech system on an ergometer could cut down the time novice rowers typically need to improve their rowing technique.","PeriodicalId":143321,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding book Vol.1","volume":"9 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113967590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}