International journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of LED exposure on contrast sensitivity and protective efficacy of blue-blocking lenses.","authors":"Dolvin Monterio, Elizebeth Olive Akansha Manoj Kumar, Mousumi Ghosh, Radhika Poojary, Judy Jose, Judith Shefali Jathanna, Manasa Bhandarkar, Nagarajan Theruveethi","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.18","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To measure the contrast sensitivity (CS) using computer-based Chart2020 software pre- and post-white light exposure with and without blue-blocking lenses (BBLs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included participants aged 18 to 25y (<i>n</i>=30 eyes), where baseline CS was measured before the experiment. Following this, the participants were exposed to two white light-emitting diodes (LEDs; 450 lx each), placed at a 45-degree angle from the participant's eye and 80 cm from the light source. All participants were randomly divided into three groups (BBL1- Placebo lens, BBL2- Crizal Prevencia, BBL3- Duravision) by sequential randomisation, which was double-blinded. Post-light exposure, the CS was measured monocularly with a calibrated computer-based CS Chart-2020 software at different log units.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CS measured using Chart-2020 software at 0.8, 1.5, 6, 12, and 18 cpd pre- and post-white LED exposure with and without BBLs showed a significant difference (<i>P</i><0.05) in contrast threshold and log contrast at 6 cpd and 18 cpd (<i>P</i><0.05) and showed no significant differences in 0.8, 1.5, 12 cpd (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that exposure to white LEDs can diminish CS, while BBLs may ameliorate these negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1944-1948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-acylethanolamine acid amidase inhibitor-loaded polymeric micelles in the treatment of dry eye disease.","authors":"Yang Zhao, Pan Zhou, Bang-Yan Zhou, Wen-Xuan Zeng, Qi-Yue Du, Fang-Yu Chen, Jie Ren, Hong-Wei Fu, Yan Qiu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.01","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate F96, a N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) inhibitor, as a novel drug for treating dry eye disease (DED) and to enhance its corneal retention time by utilizing nanometer micelles to improve therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study compared nanomicelles encapsulating doxorubicin with an aqueous solution of doxorubicin to assess the ability of the nanomicelles to prolong drug retention on the ocular surface. Dry eye was induced in mice through subcutaneous injections of scopolamine hydrobromide. The efficacy of F96 was evaluated using various clinical assessments, including the phenol red cotton test, Oregon green dextran staining, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, and Terminal dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Doxorubicin micelles exhibited significantly prolonged retention compared to the aqueous solution. By 15min, the corneal fluorescence intensity of the micelle group was markedly higher than that of theaqueous solution group (<i>P</i><0.05), and this enhanced effect persisted for at least 4h. Furthermore, mice treated with F96 demonstrated superior outcomes in tear production, corneal staining, and goblet cell density compared to the control groups. Specifically, F96-mPPP significantly increased tear secretion (3.35±0.45 <i>vs</i> 1.85±0.51 mm in the vehicle group, <i>P</i><0.001), restored conjunctival goblet cell density (54.5±4.5 <i>vs</i> 31.3±3.0, <i>P</i><0.01), and reduced corneal fluorescein staining scores (3.4±0.32 <i>vs</i> 6.5±0.72, <i>P</i><0.001). Additionally, F96-mPPP treatment markedly decreased TUNEL-positive cells in the corneal epithelium, indicating suppression of apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>F96 nanometer micelles have the potential to serve as a promising novel approach for effectively alleviating ocular surface damage in the treatment of dry eye disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1815-1822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micropulse laser therapy at 532, 577, and 810 nm for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Raphaela M Fuganti, Danielle M Cadide, Maikon V Fuganti, Dillan Cunha Amaral, Ricardo Noguera Louzada, Antonio M Casella","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.23","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of 532, 577, and 810 nm lasers as an initial treatment for non-resolving central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-randomized cohorts, observational studies, and case series (>10 cases) assessing these lasers for non-resolving CSC with ≥3mo of follow-up were included. Non-resolving CSC was defined as persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) for >3-6mo. Searches were conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase (January 17, 2025). Two authors independently performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. The primary outcome was SRF resolution on optic cherence tomography (OCT) at 3-6mo. Central retinal thickness (CRT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were secondary outcomes. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and heterogeneity was assessed using <i>I²</i> and <i>Q</i> statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies (3 RCTs, 21 non-RCTs) involving 829 non-resolving CSC eyes (77.6% male, mean age 45.36y) were included. SRF resolution was 59% (95%CI: 0.51-0.67; <i>I²</i> =72.6%), showing no significant difference between lasers. Trim-and-fill adjustment raised SRF resolution to 65% (95%CI: 0.44-0.81). CRT significantly decreased by 126.32 µm (95%CI: 95.99-156.65; <i>P</i><0.0001; <i>I²</i> =95.7%), with the largest reduction noted for the 810 nm laser. BCVA change was 0.10 logMAR (95%CI: -0.03 to 0.22; <i>P</i>=0.13; <i>I²</i> =96.6%), indicating no significant visual improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This Meta-analysis supports the use of 532, 577, and 810 nm subthreshold micropulse lasers as equally effective in resolving SRF in non-resolving CSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1980-1989"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single subconjunctival injection formulation with a 5-fluorouracil-poly(lactic) acid controlled-release system for glaucoma filtration surgery.","authors":"Jing-Jing Zhang, Feng Gao, Kai-Xin Deng, Wen-Xue Guan, Yao-Yao Sun","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.02","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) mesoporous poly(lactic) acid (PLA) delivery system for glaucoma filtration surgery suitable for a single subconjunctival implantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 5-FU was infiltration-loaded into mesoporous PLA. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> release experiments and ocular toxicology evaluation of the formulation were performed. The antiproliferative effect of this 5-FU-PLA tablet after glaucoma filtration surgery in rabbits was evaluated. Pathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to further validate the inhibitory effect of this sustained release system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Various drug formulations were tested, and two 5-FU-PLA tablets, namely 1.5P15 (5-FU 1.5 mg+PLA 15 000 Da) and 2.5P15 (5-FU 2.5 mg+PLA 15 000 Da), had the most suitable release profiles <i>in vitro</i>. Further <i>in vivo</i> studies confirmed the safety and sustained-release profiles of both drugs. Both 5-FU-PLA tablets, relative to the free drugs, significantly inhibited tissue proliferation after glaucoma filtration and improved surgical success. Western blot showed that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were inhibited by 5-FU after filtration surgery, with the effects of the 5-FU-PLA tablets being more lasting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tested 5-FU-PLA tablets provide a sustained release of 5-FU, which may be used for a single subconjunctival implantation to inhibit proliferation after filtration surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1823-1833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of outcomes after early congenital cataract surgery in eyes with/without microcornea.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Zhang-Liang Li, Jia-Ying Wu, Yun-E Zhao","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.08","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To find out intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of congenital cataract surgery in eyes with microcornea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective consecutive case series study compared outcomes after congenital cataract surgery in eyes with/without microcornea. Infants (<1 year old) who underwent lensectomy surgery left aphakic were included. Microphthalmos was defined as an eye that has a horizontal corneal diameter less than or equal to 9.0 mm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 40 infants (54 eyes) in the microcornea group and 58 (87 eyes) in the control group. The two groups were age- and sex-matched. The microcornea group showed significantly smaller corneal diameter (<i>P</i><0.001), steeper corneal keratometry (<i>P</i>=0.001), thinner lens thickness (<i>P</i><0.001), and shorter axial length (AL, <i>P</i><0.001). And microcornea increased the incidence of poor pupil dilation (<i>P</i><0.01). The two groups showed no significant differences in postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity, central corneal thickness (CCT), AL, and the incidence of strabismus and nystagmus at the last follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although microcornea have different features from normal ones, the one-year follow-up after surgery has shown that early surgical intervention for congenital cataracts in eyes with microcornea can result in favourable outcomes with an acceptable rate of postoperative complications. Regular follow-up and timely management of postoperative complications are crucial for successful outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1875-1879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staged surgical treatment of complicated initial cataract in patients with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Karina I Konovalova, Michael M Shishkin, Rinat R Faizrakhmanov, Dilara B Babaeva","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.10","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of second-stage phacoemulsification (PE) of complicated initial cataract after vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) in patients with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Totally 216 patients with PDR and complicated initial cataract who underwent surgery were included. These patients were divided into four groups according to their management. In the 1^st group patients were subjected to a two-step surgical procedure: VRS with silicone oil tamponade was performed as the first step, followed by the second step, PE+intraocular lens (IOL) implantation+silicone oil removal. In the 2^nd group PE was performed simultaneously with VRS and silicone oil tamponade. The second step differed in the removal of silicone oil from the vitreous cavity. Patients Ia (<i>n</i>=17) and IIa (<i>n</i>=17) subgroups had their tear liquid samples being examined before surgery and on the 2^nd day after the 1^st phase. In subgroups Ib and IIb, an angiogenesis inhibitor was implanted 10-14d before VRS at a dose of 0.5 mg once. In the 3^rd group patients were subjected to a two-step surgical procedure: VRS with gas tamponade performed as the 1^st step in their treatment; followed by the 2^nd step, PE and the IOL implantation. In the 4^th group PE performed simultaneously with VRS with gas tamponade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in subgroup Ia and group III had better functional results than those in subgroup IIa and group IV, respectively (<i>P</i><0.001). More marked inflammatory response (2-3 points) was statistically significant in patients of the IIa subgroup (<i>P</i><0.001) and group IV (<i>P</i><0.001) in comparison with the patients in the Ia and group III respectively. The IIa subgroup (<i>n</i>=9; 14.5%) showed higher incidence of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) than the Ia (<i>n</i>=2; 3.2%), <i>P</i>=0.027. There also was a higher rate of NVG in group IV (<i>n</i>=6; 19.3%) compared to group III (<i>n</i>=1; 3.1%), <i>P</i>=0.04. Subgroup IIa revealed a 2 to 2.5 times higher concentration of interleukin 8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) compared to subgroup Ia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PE of initial cataract at the second stage after VRS in patients with advanced PDR provides a sparing approach to surgical treatment in this category of patients and allows to improve anatomical and functional results of VRS. In addition, it contributes to reduction of number and severity of postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1888-1893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of hyperreflective walls as a biomarker for the management of cystoid macular edema.","authors":"Zhang-Rong Yang, Chang Li, Dong-Jun Xing, Gao-Xu Wei, Ce-Ce Zhao, Miao Zhou, Xiao-Han Ma, Yi Zhao, Shu Yang, Rong-Guo Yu, Zhi-Qing Li","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.11","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the prevalence and clinical implications of hyperreflective walls (HRW) in foveal cystoid spaces in patients with cystoid macular edema (CME) caused by retinal diseases and noninfectious uveitis (NIU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 443 eyes with CME secondary to diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), and NIU. Demographic data, HRW features, and other spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) biomarkers were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HRW was observed in 40.9% of DME eyes (present, <i>n</i>=77, 38 males, 58.30±12.04y; absent, <i>n</i>=111, 50 males, 55.95±10.56y), 32.5% of RVO eyes (present, <i>n</i>=49, 22 males, 64.53±11.90y; absent, <i>n</i>=102, 42 males, 60.67±11.73y), 31.4% of nAMD eyes (present, <i>n</i>=16, 8 males, 70.13±7.75y; absent, <i>n</i>=35, 13 males, 73.91±9.11y), 57.1% of RP eyes (present, <i>n</i>=12, 4 males, 40.50±12.06y; absent, <i>n</i>=9, 4 males, 44.11±14.32y), and 18.8% of uveitic macular edema (UME) eyes (present, <i>n</i>=6, 3 males, 30.83±16.23y; absent, <i>n</i>=26, 12 males, 43.46±17.58y). HRW was significantly associated with vitreoretinal abnormalities [odds ratio (OR), 2.202; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.342-3.613; <i>P</i>=0.002], hyperreflective foci (OR, 3.33; 95%CI, 1.884-5.883; <i>P</i><0.001), inner retinal layer disorganization (OR, 1.816; 95%CI, 1.087-3.035; <i>P</i>=0.023), external limiting membrane disruptions (OR, 3.476; 95%CI, 1.839-6.574; <i>P</i><0.001), and disrupted ellipsoid zone length (OR, 1.001; 95%CI, 1.000-1.002; <i>P</i>=0.04), and a high HRW height in the foveal cystoid spaces (OR, 1.003; 95%CI, 1.001-1.006; <i>P</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HRW in foveal cystoid spaces is a common OCT finding in CME and is associated with more severe retinal structural damage and worse visual acuity. HRW may be utilized as a prognostic OCT biomarker for disease severity and treatment response in patients with CME. This study suggests that early detection of HRW and optimization of treatment strategies may improve patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 9","pages":"1697-1704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal relationship between multiple types of food intake and myopia: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Sha-Sha Zhang, Jiao-Jiao Liang, Yun Feng, Xia Hong, Yi-Jia Zhao, Ling Chen, Ping Lin","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.14","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the causal relationship between dietary intake and myopia using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the IEU Open GWAS database were utilized to examine associations between myopia and various dietary factors. MR analysis, incorporating both univariable and multivariable approaches, assessed the impact of food intake on myopia risk through five analytical methods, with inverse variance weighted (IVW) serving as the primary reference. Sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity assessment, horizontal pleiotropy evaluation, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to validate the MR findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariable MR analysis identified a causal link between food intake and myopia. Consumption of breaded fish, canned soup, sweet biscuits, and certain fruits correlated with a lower risk of myopia, whereas intake of low-calorie hot chocolate and cereal was associated with an increased risk. Multivariable MR analysis further confirmed that breaded fish consumption exerted a direct protective effect against myopia, particularly when consumed alongside other dietary components. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between specific dietary factors and myopia development, offering valuable insights for further research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MR analysis provides evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between breaded fish intake and myopia, underscoring its relevance in targeted myopia prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 9","pages":"1718-1729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal multimodal-imaging and functional tests in a mitochondrial disease with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.","authors":"Xiao-Hong Liu, Xi Shen, Yi-Sheng Zhong","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.19","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phenotypes of the adenine-to-guanine transition at position 3243 of mitochondrial DNA (m.3243A>G) are highly variable, with different symptoms observed in different patients. These include mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS); maternally inherited diabetes and deafness syndrome (MIDD); other syndromic conditions; or non-syndromic mitochondrial disorders. Renal involvement associated with this mutation generally manifests as subnephrotic proteinuria, progressive deterioration of kidney function, and increased morbidity. The retinopathies linked to the m.3243A>G mutation have heterogeneous presentations, characterized by variable degrees of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy and hyperpigmentation at the posterior pole. As a severe phenotype of the m.3243A>G mutation, MELAS combined with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is rare. We herein firstly reported in detail the ophthalmic manifestations of a patient with this condition. Additionally, we reviewed the literature on fundus, ophthalmic electrophysiology, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings related to the m.3243A>G mutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 9","pages":"1770-1776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of intravitreal anti-VEGF for myopic choroidal neovascularization.","authors":"Jing-Yao Liu, Ju-Ping Liu, Xiao-Rong Li","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.09","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.09.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To report the 24mo outcomes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) in routine clinical practice and simultaneously evaluated the real-world safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients who received intravitreal injections of VEGF inhibitors of either ranibizumab (0.5 mg) or conbercept (0.5 mg) for mCNV were analyzed from 1 January 2017 to 1 January 2022. The primary outcome variables were mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) changes. The secondary outcome variables included IOP changes, the period of mCNV re-treatment, and ocular adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 83 patients aged 56.40±15.36y with axial length 29.67±2.09 mm were included. In visual acuity, the mean logMAR BCVA at baseline was 0.81±0.43. After the initial improvement at 1, 3, and 6mo (<i>P</i><0.05), from month 12 onwards, no statistical difference compared to baseline was found. The mean CMT from 1mo onwards had a statistically significant decrease compared with baseline CMT (<i>P</i><0.05). The regression model showed better baseline BCVA and thicker baseline CMT, significantly associated with the final outcomes. In univariate analysis, choosing 3+<i>pro re nata</i> (PRN) as the initial injection treatment regimen was associated with better BCVA at 24mo [hazard ratio (HR)=-0.65, 95%CI: -1.23, -0.07, <i>P</i>=0.048]. However, the difference was not significant in multivariate analysis (HR=-0.59, 95%CI: -1.21, 0.03, <i>P</i>=0.089). Regarding mCNV recurrence, the mean period (<i>P</i>=0.725) and the proportion of mCNV reactivation (<i>P</i>=1.00) were similar between ranibizumab and conbercept. Kaplan-Meier plot also analyzed that the median time of re-injection was not significantly different among gender, drug, and initial injection treatment regimen. No systemic adverse events related to the therapy were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BCVA gains achieved by the end of our study maintain generally sustained at the 24-mo follow-up. The findings also indicate that ranibizumab and conbercept demonstrate comparable efficacy and safety profiles. Additionally, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy using 1+PRN regimen, offers certain advantages in both efficacy and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 9","pages":"1681-1688"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}