International journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Systemic diseases to the mechanism of primary open angle glaucoma.","authors":"Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Qing-Qing Mu, Li-Qiao Ge, Yan Liu, Xu Liu, Rui-Xue Zhang, Jun Jia, Jia-Xing Duan, Guo-Xin Shi, Yuan He","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.21","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder involving genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and systemic abnormalities, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Based on baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), POAG is classified into two subtypes: high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). This review summarizes and integrates recent research advances, focusing on the roles of systemic disorders including cardiovascular, endocrine, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases, as well as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), in the onset and progression of POAG from an integrated eye-brain-body axis perspective. Current evidence suggests that optic nerve damage in POAG involves multiple interconnected pathological pathways, such as IOP-related mechanical stress, hemodynamic disturbances, impaired neurovascular coupling, microvascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Among them, dysfunctions of the eye-brain axis, gut-eye axis, and ocular lymphatic-glymphatic system serve as key regulatory networks that mediate and integrate the aforementioned pathological processes. The two subtypes display distinct pathogenic features: HTG is primarily driven by elevated IOP, whereas NTG relies more on IOP-independent mechanisms and is more susceptible to systemic influences. This integrative perspective deepens our understanding of POAG pathogenesis and provides a novel theoretical foundation for early diagnosis, multidimensional intervention, and precision therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2047-2063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"100 years International Council of Ophthalmology.","authors":"Peter Wiedemann","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.01","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1893-1895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycloplegia is required for accurate refraction of young adults in epidemiologic studies.","authors":"Xiao-Jie Feng, Yuan-Zhen Liu, Wen-Jia Cai, Xiao-Qian Deng, Ian G Morgan, Ming-Guang He, Xiao-Hu Ding","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.18","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To quantify the impact of the measurement of non-cycloplegic refraction on estimates of refraction and classification of refractive status in young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 825 young adults (mean age 26.6±3.3y; 56.7% female) from the Guangzhou Twin Eye Study. All participants underwent both non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic autorefraction. Error in refraction was defined as the difference between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a cut-off of -0.50 D for non-cycloplegic refraction to diagnose myopia, the prevalence of myopia was overestimated (90.2% <i>vs</i> 87.0%), resulting in the identification of 3.2% (26/825) pseudo-myopes. After increasing the threshold to -0.75 D, the overall prevalence (87.5%) was approximately equivalent to that with cycloplegic refraction, 9 of the 26 pseudo-myopes would have been re-classified correctly as emmetropes, but 13 genuine myopes would have been re-classified incorrectly as emmetropes. Lack of cycloplegia resulted in a significant myopic shift compared to cycloplegic refraction. Notably, 25.6% of participants exhibited a clinically significant myopia refractive shift of ≥0.50 D, and 5.7% demonstrated a large shift of ≥1.00 D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At a threshold of -0.75 D, the calculated prevalence of myopia is close to that obtained with cycloplegic refraction. However, threshold adjustment does not solve the mis-classification problem, because while it will eliminate some pseudo-myopes, it will also eliminate some genuine myopes. Our study confirms that non-cycloplegic refraction leads to significant measurement errors in young adults, highlighting the necessity of cycloplegia for accurate epidemiologic assessment of myopia prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2026-2030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of corneal stromal demarcation line depth after corneal collagen cross-linking with two different UV energy levels in keratoconus: a comparative study using AS-OCT and <i>in vivo</i> confocal microscopy.","authors":"Tian Liang, Qi Li, Kun Zhou, Wen-Jia Cao, Di Shen, Yu Cheng, Xiao-Huan Ma, Wei Wei","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.09","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare <i>in vivo</i> confocal microscopy (IVCM) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in evaluating demarcation line depth (DLD) after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) performed under different ultraviolet (UV) energy levels in keratoconus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case series. This study included 216 participants (328 eyes) who underwent CXL with either high (7.2 J/cm²) or low (1.8 J/cm²) UV energy. DLD was assessed by IVCM and AS-OCT at 3, 6, and ≥12mo postoperatively. The high-energy group consisted of participants with progressive keratoconus who received CXL treatment, while the low-energy group included participants with refractive errors who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted <i>in situ</i> keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) Xtra.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The high-energy group included 111 participants (144 eyes, mean age 23.39±7.30y, 68 males), and low-energy group included 105 participants (184 eyes, mean age 22.95±5.84y, 53 males). At 3 and 6mo, as well as at the final follow-up, visibility of the demarcation line was consistently superior with IVCM compared with AS-OCT (all <i>P</i><0.001). At 3mo, the mean DLD measured by IVCM was 382.2±91.12 µm in the high-energy group and 192.53±58.76 µm in the low-energy group, while AS-OCT recorded 354.74±78.82 µm and 196.51±55.57 µm, respectively. Both modalities demonstrated significantly deeper demarcation line with higher UV energy (<i>P</i><0.05), and no significant difference was observed between IVCM and AS-OCT measurements within each energy group (<i>P</i>>0.05). Furthermore, a significant monotonic temporal trend toward shallower IVCM-detected DLD was observed in both energy groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with AS-OCT, IVCM provides clearer and more reliable visualization of the corneal stromal demarcation line after CXL. While both modalities yield comparable depth measurements, IVCM maintains higher visibility across different energy levels and during follow-up at various time points, making it a preferred modality for postoperative assessment in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1955-1963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-26a-5p inhibits high glucose-induced Müller cells apoptosis by mediating PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.","authors":"Rui Shi, De-Rong Tang, Di Li, Yu-Wen Yang, Hong-Bo Li, Dan-Dan Liu, Xiao-Yu Gong, Jing Qin","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.06","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the functions of microRNA-26a-5p (miR-26a-5p) in the high glucose (HG)-induced rat retinal Müller cells (rMC-1) apoptosis and its possible mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>rMC-1 cells were transfected with miR-26a-5p mimics or phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) siRNA under HG conditions. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) staining. PTEN/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway activation was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The miR-26a-5p-PTEN interaction was validated by dual-luciferase assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HG significantly suppressed miR-26a-5p expression and induced apoptosis in rMC-1 cells. Overexpression of miR-26a-5p attenuated HG-induced apoptosis by directly targeting PTEN, as confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, which demonstrated that miR-26a-5p directly binds to the PTEN 3'-UTR, resulting in a 50% reduction in luciferase activity (<i>P</i><0.01). Consistent with this, miR-26a-5p overexpression downregulated PTEN expression, enhanced PI3K/Akt phosphorylation, and suppressed the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 (all <i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upregulation of miR-26a-5p protects rMC-1 from HG-induced apoptosis by targeting PTEN <i>via</i> regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway and inflammatory responses. miR-26a-5p may be a potential therapeutic target for diabetic retinal neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1929-1938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microglia in retinal vascular diseases: inflammatory mechanism and therapeutic target.","authors":"Jing Xu, Hua Yang, Kai-Ming Chen, Meng-Jiao Zhang, Dan Wang, Li-Ke Xie, Xiao-Feng Hao","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.22","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal vascular diseases (RVDs) are leading causes of vision impairment and blindness, often associated with systemic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Despite treatment advancements, managing RVDs, particularly retinal vein occlusion (RVO), remains challenging due to the lack of a definitive cure and reliance on controlling complications. Microglia, the retina's resident immune cells, play a crucial role in maintaining retinal health, regulating inflammation, and modulating angiogenesis. In pathological conditions, microglia adopt heterogeneous and context-dependent activation states, contributing to both inflammatory injury and vascular repair. Studies suggest that modulating microglial activation and their secreted cytokines may provide novel therapeutic strategies for RVDs. This review examines the role of microglia in RVDs and their potential as therapeutic targets, exploring strategies such as inhibiting microglial activation, regulating pro-angiogenic factor secretion, and targeting specific signaling pathways. Future research should focus on understanding the specific roles of microglial subtypes, their contributions to disease progression, and developing targeted therapies for early diagnosis and treatment of RVDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2064-2075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of macular status on intraocular lens power estimation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy eyes undergoing phacovitrectomy.","authors":"Jin-Qu Huang, Yao Ou, Zheng-Gen Wu, Tsz-Kin Ng, Yong-Qun Xiong, Han-Fu Wu, Dong-Jie Li, Jun-Tao Liu, Qin Zeng, Gui-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.12","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the refractive outcomes and effect of the macular status in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and significant vitreous hemorrhage received with combined phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy (phacovitrectomy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study recruited 176 eyes, including 86 PDR eyes with severe vitreous hemorrhage, who received phacovitrectomy with intraocular lens implantation, and 90 eyes who underwent phacoemulsification only for cataracts (control group). Postoperative follow-up visits documented best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and refractive outcomes at each examination. Postoperative refractive outcomes were quantified as spherical equivalents. The primary outcome measure was the refractive prediction error (PE). The PE and absolute prediction error (AE) were employed as key metrics. Additionally, the number and percentage of patients achieving refractions within ±0.25 diopters (D), ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, ±1.00 D, and ±2.00 D of the target refractive outcome were documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean age was 64.4±10.5y. There were 98 (55.7%) female and 78 (44.3%) male patients. In the PDR eyes with the phacovitrectomy surgery, mean PE (-0.008±0.872 D) and AE (0.662±0.563 D) by ultrasound biometry showed no statistically significant differences as compared to the control group (PE: 0.117±0.621 D, <i>P</i>=0.277; AE: 0.506±0.375 D, <i>P</i>=0.118). Subgroup analysis showed that the PE was significantly different in eyes with macular thickening (-0.471±0.955 D) compared to those without macular thickening (0.161±0.781 D, <i>P</i>=0.002). The PE was negatively correlated with macular thickening in multivariate model analysis [<i>β</i>=-0.568, 95% confidence interval: -0.987 to -0.150, <i>P</i>=0.008].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined phacovitrectomy for PDR with severe vitreous hemorrhage exhibits no ultrasound biometry discrepancies as compared to those received phacoemulsification alone. However, the patients with macular thickening show a noticeable myopic shift.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1978-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer and zone-specific study of corneal optical density in dry eye disease: links to tear film metrics.","authors":"Arghavan Baniasadi, Mehdi Khabazkhoob, Abdollah Farzaneh, Payam Nabovati","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.08","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the differences in corneal optical density (COD) between young patients with dry eye and healthy controls, as well as to evaluate the correlations with tear film parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 30 patients with dry eye and 60 age-matched controls (aged 18-35y). All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmic evaluation, including visual acuity testing, refraction, the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear break-up time (TBUT), the Schirmer's test, corneal staining, and Pentacam densitometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The groups were matched for age (21.93±2.88y <i>vs</i> 20.80±2.27y) and sex (females: 60.0% <i>vs</i> 63.3%; <i>P</i>>0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in refraction parameters, best-corrected visual acuity, or mean keratometry when comparing the two groups (all <i>P</i>>0.05). Patients with dry eye exhibited significantly poorer tear parameters including OSDI (25.5±10.6 <i>vs</i> 8.3±6.6, <i>P</i><0.001), TBUT (6.2±2.2s <i>vs</i> 12.9±6.4s, <i>P</i><0.001), and Schirmer score (20.9±11.2 <i>vs</i> 26.0±11.4 mm, <i>P</i>=0.02). Dry eye patients displayed a significantly higher average COD in the midperipheral zone (6-10 mm) for both the anterior (18.81±2.15 <i>vs</i> 17.25±1.66, <i>P</i><0.001) and central layers (11.56±1.35 <i>vs</i> 10.78±0.90, <i>P</i>=0.002) compared to the controls. The anterior COD in the 6-10 mm zone (<i>β</i>=0.329, <i>P</i><0.001) and the middle COD in the 6-10 mm zone (<i>β</i>=0.267, <i>P</i>=0.006) showed a statistically significant direct relationship with OSDI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Young patients with dry eye exhibit increased COD, especially in the anterior and middle corneal layers, which correlates with symptom severity. These results imply that corneal densitometry could act as an objective measure of dry eye severity, supplementing traditional clinical evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1948-1954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy during cataract surgery in eyes with diabetic macular edema: a five-year retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Xi Chen, Ai-Ai Dai, Tao-Ran Zhang, Xiu-Fen Yang, Ying-Xiang Huang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.16","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the long-term outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy during cataract surgery in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective clinical study. Patients with DME scheduled for cataract surgery were included. Prior to surgery, DME was considered adequately controlled, defined as a central subfield thickness (CST) of ≤300 µm without evidence of significant intraretinal or subretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography. Participants were divided into two groups: 18 patients underwent cataract surgery alone, and 10 received both cataract surgery and anti-VEGF therapy concurrently. The study compared the timing of the initial postoperative anti-VEGF injection and the frequency of injections over 5y. Postoperative outcomes, particularly improvements in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and changes in CST, were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 patients were enrolled, with 10 patients undergoing combined cataract surgery and anti-VEGF therapy (3 males, 62.8±4.4y), while 18 patients (7 males, 70.0±13.6y) underwent cataract surgery alone. The combined therapy group had a significantly longer interval before the initial postoperative anti-VEGF injection (12.2±5.7wk) compared to the cataract-only group (4.4±1.6wk). The combined therapy group also required significantly fewer total anti-VEGF injections over 1, 3, and 5y, with the most notable difference in the first year. There was significant improvement in BCVA from pre- to postoperative stages across all eyes. However, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative BCVA and CST between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concurrent anti-VEGF therapy during cataract surgery is associated with lower early postoperative DME recurrence and a longer interval to the first postoperative anti-VEGF injection. This combined approach may reduce early treatment burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2010-2017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy in the management of uncontrolled Posner-Schlossman syndrome: a retrospective study.","authors":"Lin Jing, Yu He, Han-Ying Fan, Su-Zhen Wang, Mei Xin, Liu-Zhi Zeng","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.23","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the efficacy and safety of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in the treatment of Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on participants diagnosed with PSS and uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) who underwent GATT between 2023 and 2024. Clinical outcome measures including visual acuity, IOP, gonioscopic findings, complications, and relapses were collected for postoperative visits: 1d, 1wk, 1, 3, 6mo and 1y.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven participants (mean age 43.00±13.82y, 5 females and 6 males) were enrolled. Nine participants were followed up for 12mo after the surgery, 1 participant underwent trabeculectomy to decrease the uncontrolled IOP, another participant was followed up for 6mo because of loss of follow-up. The mean IOP before GATT was 33.64±6.21 mm Hg (range: 23-46 mm Hg). The mean number of antiglaucoma medications prior to surgery was 2.73±0.66. At 6mo after the surgery, the mean IOP decreased to 17.36±6.17 mm Hg (47.15%±17.35% reduction). Nine participants were followed up for 12mo, and their mean IOP decreased to 16.22±2.49 mm Hg, with an average IOP reduction of 46.83%±16.93% (<i>P</i><0.01). The number of anti-glaucoma medications significantly decreased to 0.91±0.83 at the last follow-up (<i>P</i><0.05). Two eyes were considered treatment failures due to reintervention and uncontrolled IOP. The preoperative IOP of qualified success cases were significantly lower than that of failed cases. The most common complications were intraoperative anterior chamber blood reflux (100%) and IOP spikes (45.45%), both of which resolved within 1wk. During the follow-up period, 7 participants experienced recurrent attacks of PSS. Nevertheless, peak IOP during relapse was significantly reduced compared to preoperative values (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GATT seems to be a reliable and effective method for the management of PSS with uncontrolled IOP. Higher preoperative IOP maybe the factor of surgical failure. Although it may not prevent relapse of PSS, it might potentially reduce the peak IOP. Longer-term follow-up and a larger sample size are recommended for more in-depth analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2076-2082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}