Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.

IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY
International journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-10-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.18240/ijo.2025.10.21
Yi-Ming Guo, Guan-Chen Liu, Jun-Han Wei, Jia-Qi Wang, Jie-Jing Bi, Juan Huang, Dang-Xia Zhou, Lu Ye
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of myopia and identify its associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.

Methods: In a school-based cross-sectional design, students ranging from kindergarten to high school across Xi'an were enrolled. Ophthalmic examinations were performed to assess refractive status via non-cycloplegic refraction. Myopia was defined as SE≤-0.5 D, with stratification into mild (SE: ≤-0.5 to >-3.0 D), moderate (SE: ≤-3.0 to >-6.0 D), and high myopia (SE≤-6.0 D). Data on potential risk factors such as age, gender, and educational level were obtained through structured questionnaires.

Results: The study included 156 416 participants, with 81 389 boys (52.0%) and 75 027 girls (48.0%). The prevalence rates of myopia were 65.67% for boys and 68.83% for girls. Data collection occurred over two consecutive years, 2021 and 2022, with 78 849 and 77 567 participants, respectively. The prevalence of myopia was 67.65% in 2021 and decreased slightly to 66.71% in 2022. The high myopia rates were 3.85% and 3.43% for these years, respectively. Analysis revealed significant risk factors including gender, age, and educational level, with a distinct positive correlation between increased educational level and higher myopia prevalence. Notably, both genders exhibited a significant decrease in moderate myopia over the study period, with reductions of 1.7% and 1.2%.

Conclusion: This comprehensive study underscores the substantial prevalence of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, marking it as a significant public health concern. The correlation with higher educational levels suggests the need for targeted interventions aimed at myopia prevention and management. These findings contribute critically to the body of knowledge necessary for formulating effective public health strategies in Xi'an and potentially other similar regions.

西安市学龄儿童和青少年近视患病率及危险因素分析
目的:了解西安市儿童青少年近视患病率及相关危险因素。方法:采用校本横断面设计,对西安市从幼儿园到高中的学生进行调查。通过非睫状体麻痹性屈光进行眼科检查以评估屈光状态。近视定义为SE≤-0.5 D,分为轻度(SE≤-0.5 ~ >-3.0 D)、中度(SE≤-3.0 ~ >-6.0 D)、高度(SE≤-6.0 D)。通过结构化问卷获得年龄、性别、教育程度等潜在危险因素的数据。结果:共纳入156 416名受试者,其中男孩81 389人(52.0%),女孩75 027人(48.0%)。男孩近视患病率为65.67%,女孩为68.83%。数据收集在2021年和2022年连续两年进行,分别有78849名和77567名参与者。2021年近视患病率为67.65%,2022年略有下降,为66.71%。高度率分别为3.85%和3.43%。分析发现,性别、年龄和受教育程度是影响近视发病率的重要因素,受教育程度的提高与近视发病率呈正相关。值得注意的是,在研究期间,男性和女性的中度近视发生率均显著下降,分别下降了1.7%和1.2%。结论:本综合研究强调了西安市学龄儿童和青少年近视的普遍存在,这是一个重要的公共卫生问题。与高等教育水平的相关性表明,需要有针对性的干预措施,以预防和管理近视。这些发现为西安和其他类似地区制定有效的公共卫生战略提供了必要的知识体系。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
7.10%
发文量
3141
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: · International Journal of Ophthalmology-IJO (English edition) is a global ophthalmological scientific publication and a peer-reviewed open access periodical (ISSN 2222-3959 print, ISSN 2227-4898 online). This journal is sponsored by Chinese Medical Association Xi’an Branch and obtains guidance and support from WHO and ICO (International Council of Ophthalmology). It has been indexed in SCIE, PubMed, PubMed-Central, Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, EMBASE , and DOAJ. IJO JCR IF in 2017 is 1.166. IJO was established in 2008, with editorial office in Xi’an, China. It is a monthly publication. General Scientific Advisors include Prof. Hugh Taylor (President of ICO); Prof.Bruce Spivey (Immediate Past President of ICO); Prof.Mark Tso (Ex-Vice President of ICO) and Prof.Daiming Fan (Academician and Vice President, Chinese Academy of Engineering. International Scientific Advisors include Prof. Serge Resnikoff (WHO Senior Speciatist for Prevention of blindness), Prof. Chi-Chao Chan (National Eye Institute, USA) and Prof. Richard L Abbott (Ex-President of AAO/PAAO) et al. Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Li-Xin Xie(Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering/Honorary President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society); Prof. Dennis Lam (President of APAO) and Prof. Xiao-Xin Li (Ex-President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society). Chief Editor: Prof. Xiu-Wen Hu (President of IJO Press). Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Yan-Nian Hui (Ex-Director, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA) and Prof. George Chiou (Founding chief editor of Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics). Associate Editors-in-Chief include: Prof. Ning-Li Wang (President Elect of APAO); Prof. Ke Yao (President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society) ; Prof.William Smiddy (Bascom Palmer Eye instituteUSA) ; Prof.Joel Schuman (President of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology,USA); Prof.Yizhi Liu (Vice President of Chinese Ophtlalmology Society); Prof.Yu-Sheng Wang (Director of Eye Institute of Chinese PLA); Prof.Ling-Yun Cheng (Director of Ocular Pharmacology, Shiley Eye Center, USA). IJO accepts contributions in English from all over the world. It includes mainly original articles and review articles, both basic and clinical papers. Instruction is Welcome Contribution is Welcome Citation is Welcome Cooperation organization International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO), PubMed, PMC, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Asia-Pacific, Thomson Reuters, The Charlesworth Group, Crossref,Scopus,Publons, DOAJ etc.
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