International journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Causal role of oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Li-Yun Yuan, Wang-Ming Su, Liang-Pin Li, Xiao-Feng Tian, Xue-Li Zheng, Xiao-Yong Yuan","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.14","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate causal pathways between oxidative biomarkers and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analytical protocol was implemented, which utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics derived from the IEU OpenGWAS repositories. The investigation focused on 11 oxidative stress markers and AMD phenotypes, encompassing both wet and dry subtypes. The MR methodology incorporated inverse-variance weighted (IVW) calculations, MR-Egger statistical regression, weighted median approximation, and weighted mode assessments to estimate causative relationships. Sensitivity evaluations were conducted to verify result robustness and identify potential pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted elevated catalase (CAT) concentrations demonstrated significant associations with heightened risks of overall AMD (IVW OR=1.084, 95%CI: 1.021-1.151, <i>P</i>=0.008) and wet AMD phenotype (IVW OR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.047-1.247, <i>P</i>=0.007). Higher genetically predicted albumin concentrations corresponded with reduced AMD risk (IVW OR=0.827, 95%CI: 0.715-0.957, <i>P</i>=0.013) but increased wet AMD risk (IVW OR=1.229, 95%CI: 1.036-1.458, <i>P</i>=0.018). Reverse MR analysis revealed that genetically predicted dry AMD exhibited significant association with reduced albumin levels (IVW OR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.979-0.996, <i>P</i>=0.004), while wet AMD corresponded with decreased total bilirubin (TBIL) and paraoxonase (PON) activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results offer strong support for a causal link between markers of oxidative stress and the development of AMD, indicating that oxidative processes play a role in driving the disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1307-1316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal higher-order aberrations following small incision lenticule extraction for high myopic astigmatism correction.","authors":"Yin Liu, Cheng Hu, Juan Yu, Nian Xiang, Bo Zeng, Wen-Shan Jiang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.19","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the visual outcomes and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) of patients with high or low myopic astigmatism after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 157 eyes of 157 patients who underwent SMILE were included in this retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative study. All the eyes which were with the rule astigmatism were divided into high astigmatism group (HAG; astigmatism ≤-2.00 D, 73 eyes) and low astigmatism group (LAG; astigmatism ≥-1.00 D, 84 eyes). Visual and refractive examinations were performed, HOAs of the anterior surface, posterior surface, and total cornea of the eyes were evaluated preoperatively and 6mo postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the postoperative 6-month follow-up, uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better was achieved in 97% and 100% eyes in HAG and LAG respectively and 74% and 100% eyes were within -0.50 D. Vector analysis revealed no significant differences in the correction index (<i>P</i>=0.066), angle of error (<i>P</i>=0.091) or flattening index (<i>P</i>=0.987) between two groups. The magnitude of error was -0.37±0.31 D in HAG and -0.04±0.19 D in LAG (<i>P</i><0.001). Index of success (IOS) was 0.22±0.09 in the HAG and 0.50±0.46 in the LAG (<i>P</i><0.001). HOAs of most anterior, posterior and total cornea significantly increased after SMILE, especially the spherical aberration and coma. For HAG, the SMILE procedure induced significantly higher anterior, posterior and total cornea horizontal coma and total corneal total HOAs compared with LAG (<i>P</i><0.001) and these surgically induced HOAs predominantly originated from the anterior surface of the cornea.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SMILE surgery induces more HOAs and a mild under-correction of astigmatism in eyes with high astigmatism. The increment in HOAs after SMILE is related to preoperative astigmatism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1349-1356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive status and ocular characteristics of preschool children with retinopathy of prematurity after different treatments.","authors":"Wu-Yang Jiang, Man-Hong Li, Hao Wang, Dong Niu, Yu-Sheng Wang, Zi-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.15","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.15","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To compare the changes in preschool refractive status, ocular biological parameters, and higher-order aberrations in children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after retinal laser photocoagulation or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment and explore their underlying factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This observational study involved 118 eyes of 59 children, aged 3 to 6y, with ROP followed up between March 2023 and October 2024. They were divided into the laser, anti-VEGF, and anti-VEGF+laser groups. The laser group received a single session of laser photocoagulation. The anti-VEGF group received a single anti-VEGF treatment. The anti-VEGF+laser group received a single anti-VEGF treatment after birth followed by supplementary laser treatment within 2wk to 6mo. Ocular biological parameters were measured using IOL Master 700 and Pentacam HR. Right-eye higher-order aberrations were measured using the OPD-Scan III. Best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA), refractive statuses, ocular biological parameters, and higher-order aberrations were assessed and compared. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships among ocular biological parameters, higher-order aberrations, spherical equivalent (SE), and treatment methods. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationships between the SE and higher-order aberrations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The laser group had a higher incidence of myopia and a lower SE than the anti-VEGF group. The incidence of astigmatism and cylindrical power were significantly lower for the anti-VEGF than for the laser and anti-VEGF+laser groups (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). The anterior corneal surface astigmatism was higher for the laser and anti-VEGF+laser groups than for the anti-VEGF group. The anterior corneal surface K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and lens thickness were higher for the laser and anti-VEGF+laser groups than for the anti-VEGF group. The whole-eye higher-order aberration root mean square (RMS) values for the right eye were significantly higher for the laser and anti-VEGF+laser groups than for the anti-VEGF group. The whole-eye trefoil RMS values for the right eye were also significantly higher for the laser and anti-VEGF+laser groups than for the anti-VEGF group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Laser treatment was significantly associated with SE, anterior corneal surface curvature and astigmatism, lens thickness, whole-eye high-order aberrations, and whole-eye trefoil (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Children with ROP who received laser treatment have higher myopia and astigmatism than those who received anti-VEGF treatment. Children treated with laser or supplementary laser treatment have higher anterior corneal astigmatism, anterior corneal curvature, thicker lenses, whole-eye higher-order aberrations, and whole-eye trefoil. The cause of myopia in children with ROP after laser treatment is increased anterior corneal ","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1317-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of retinal Müller glia's phagocytic activity against hard exudates by conbercept <i>via</i> activation of PPARγ-CD36 axis in diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Ying-Ying Zhu, Shi-Yue Qin, Hai Xie, Yin-Ping Liu, Xiao-Sa Li, Chao-Yang Zhang, Yan-Chun Zhang, Jing-Fa Zhang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.07","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism(s) of conbercept on the phagocytosis of hard exudates (HEs) by Müller glia in diabetic retinopathy (DR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one eyes from 17 patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to examine the changes of HEs before and after intravitreal conbercept injection (IVC). <i>In vitro</i>, rat retinal Müller cell line (rMC-1) was cultured under high glucose and treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) with or without conbercept. Phagocytosis was analysed with immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and Western blot. Expressions of scavenger receptors (LOX-1, CD36) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Conbercept's effects on vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), VEGFR2, inflammation (NF-κB, IL-6, iNOS), and oxidative stress (ROS) were evaluated with Western blot and immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area of HEs showed minimal change after the first IVC (1.39±1.41 to 1.38±1.3 mm², <i>P</i>=0.938), but significantly decreased after the third IVC (0.45±0.66 mm², <i>P</i>=0.002). <i>In vitro</i>, conbercept enhanced the phagocytosis of Ox-LDL by rMC-1 cells under high glucose condition. Conbercept reduced ROS and inflammation (NF-κB, IL-6, iNOS) in high glucose-treated rMC-1 cells by suppression of VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway. The inhibition of NF-κB by conbercept further activated PPARγ-CD36 axis, increasing CD36 expression and promoting Ox-LDL uptake, thereby facilitating the clearance of HEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conbercept reduces HEs in DR by enhancing Müller glia phagocytosis possibly through activating PPARγ-CD36 axis, which is mediated by inhibition of VEGF signaling. Modulation of Müller glia phagocytic capacity might provide a novel therapeutic strategy to treat DR and DME.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1252-1261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on diabetic macular edema and the need for intravitreal injection.","authors":"Yoo-Ri Chung, Chungwoon Kim, Eunzee Lee, Kihwang Lee","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.16","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on diabetic macular edema (DME) and the need for intravitreal injections (IVT) in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were retrospectively collected from the medical records of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) taking either DPP4i or SGLT2i as secondary oral hypoglycemic agents in addition to metformin between January 2019 and July 2022. We compared the prevalence of DME and the need for IVT among patients treated with DPP4i or SGLT2i. Propensity score matching was performed using the following variables: age, duration of diabetes, blood glucose control (HbA1c) level, and severity of DR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 268 patients with DR were included in this study. More DPP4i users needed IVT than SGLT2i users (35.3% <i>vs</i> 18.0%, <i>P</i>=0.011), while the prevalence of DME was not different. The use of SGLT2i was associated with a lower need for IVT than DPP4i [odds ratio (OR) 0.404, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.198-0.823], and similar trends were observed after propensity score matching (OR 0.419, 95%CI 0.181-0.970). However, this tendency was not significant in multiple logistic regressions. For DME, the use of DPP4i was not a significant risk factor compared to SGLT2i.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of SGLT2i may be associated with a lower need for IVT for overall DR complications, while other factors may contribute to this effect. The effect of SGLT2i on the prevention of DME is not evident.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1326-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> endophthalmitis following central retinal artery occlusion.","authors":"Huang-Yi Lei, Feng Jiang, Zheng-Gao Xie","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.25","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1401-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between organophosphorus pesticides exposure and age-related macular degeneration risk in U.S. adults: analysis from interpretable machine learning approaches.","authors":"Yu-Xin Jiang, Si-Yu Gui, Xiao-Dong Sun","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.04","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the associations between urinary dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) exposure and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2008. Urinary DAP metabolites were used to construct a machine learning (ML) model for AMD prediction. Several interpretability pipelines, including permutation feature importance (PFI), partial dependence plot (PDP), and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analyses were employed to analyze the influence from exposure features to prediction outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1845 participants were included and 137 were diagnosed with AMD. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis evaluated Random Forests (RF) as the best ML model with its optimal predictive performance among eleven models. PFI and SHAP analyses illustrated that DAP metabolites were of significant contribution weights in AMD risk prediction, higher than most of the socio-demographic covariates. Shapley values and waterfall plots of randomly selected AMD individuals emphasized the predictive capacity of ML with high accuracy and sensitivity in each case. The relationships and interactions visualized by graphical plots and supported by statistical measures demonstrated the indispensable impacts from six DAP metabolites to the prediction of AMD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Urinary DAP metabolites of OPPs exposure are associated with AMD risk and ML algorithms show the excellent generalizability and differentiability in the course of AMD risk prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1214-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood amblyopia in a tertiary eye care center in western India.","authors":"Jai A Kelkar, Harsh H Jain, Aditya S Kelkar, Shreekant Kelkar","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.21","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of childhood amblyopia in a tertiary eye center in western India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective longitudinal hospital-based study of 1382 children aged ≤12y included in the National Institute of OphthalMology AmBlyopia StUdy in Indian Paediatric EyeS (NIMBUS) Study. Data on patient demographics, treatment approach, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the study cohort was 4.54±2.46y, with males constituting the majority (55.4%). The cause of amblyopia was refractive error in 73.2%, strabismus in 7.3%, and anisometropia in 6.8% of eyes. The majority of therapies comprised glasses (74.4%), followed by occlusion+glasses (10.3%), occlusion alone (7.3%), and surgery+patching+glasses (5.1%). The mean occlusion time was 2.46±1.14h. After a median follow-up of 10.00 (6-85)mo, the mean BCVA significantly improved from 0.85±0.41 to 0.55±0.42 logMAR. Subgroup analysis revealed BCVA gain for all etiologies, including refractive errors (<i>P</i><0.001), strabismus (<i>P</i><0.001), cataract (<i>P</i><0.001), and ptosis (<i>P</i><0.001). Additionally, eyes with refractive errors showed significantly better BCVA than eyes with cataracts (<i>P</i><0.001), strabismus (<i>P</i><0.001) and marginally better BCVA than eyes with ptosis (<i>P</i><0.05), both at the baseline and final visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Refractive errors are the commonest cause of amblyopia, followed by strabismus and anisometropia. Timely detection, optimal therapy, and periodic follow-up are crucial in bettering visual acuity regardless of the cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1369-1374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple imaging modalities in intraocular silicone oil emulsification and its related complications.","authors":"Jia-Wei Wang, Jing Su, Fei-Yan Ma, Jin Wang, Ying Liu, Jin-Xin Shi, Jing-Xue Ma, Dan-Yan Liu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.17","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate the manifestations and associated complications observed in patients with intraocular silicone oil (SO) emulsification through multiple imaging modalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, observational, retrospective study included 116 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with SO injection for retinal detachment (RD), followed by subsequent SO removal at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2013 to January 2023. Comprehensive records of ophthalmic examinations utilizing multiple imaging techniques were maintained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study comprised 56 females and 60 males, with a mean age of 52.75±13.6y. The mean follow-up duration for SO tamponade was 9.04±11.33mo (range: 1-84mo). Among the participants, 59 patients were diagnosed with SO emulsification, while 57 patients were in the SO unemulsified group. Patients with SO emulsification had a significantly prolonged SO tamponade duration (<i>P</i><0.01). Multiple imaging techniques revealed notable signs of SO emulsification and its complications, such as 4 cases (3.4%) with posterior corneal SO-like keratic precipitates (KP) observed by anterior segment photography, 23 cases (19.8%) exhibiting spherical high-reflection signals in the inter-retina, retinal pigment epithelium, or choroid detected by Spectralis spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), 4 cases (3.4%) showing slow movement of emulsified SO droplets within retinal vessels during fluorescein angiography (FFA), plain and enhanced head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of these four patients did not detect emulsified SO in the lateral ventricles, suprasellar cistern, subarachnoid space, third ventricle, fourth ventricle, or other intracranial locations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraocular emulsified SO can lead to damage in both anterior and posterior segment tissues, encompassing corneal degeneration, cataracts, glaucoma, retinal and choroid inflammation. Objective multiple imaging techniques such as anterior segment photography, SD-OCT, FFA, and MRI offer comprehensive evaluation and diagnosis of SO emulsification and its associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1333-1340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular involvement and visual prognosis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis.","authors":"Gonçalo Cavaco Tardão, Pedro Carreira, Filipe Moraes, Rita Carreira, Tomás Loureiro, Ana Vide Escada, Maria José Santos, Ana Melo Cardoso, Nuno Campos","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.13","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2025.07.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To characterize a Portuguese population of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to evaluate possible associations between clinical factors and ocular involvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with JIA in the previous 20y in Hospital Garcia de Orta were included. Data were assessed from Reuma.pt database. Associations between demographic (age and sex), clinical (articular involvement, extra-articular manifestations, biological therapy), laboratory data [anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies, rheumatoid factor, human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27), C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate] and ocular involvement were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 91 patients were included, 11 (12%) with previous episodes of uveitis. There was a statistically significant preponderance of early age at JIA diagnosis (mean 4.73 <i>vs</i> 9.58y, <i>P</i>=0.008), antinuclear antibodies positivity (<i>P</i>=0.01), and oligoarticular subtype (<i>P</i>=0.04) in the Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-U) group. Ocular complications occurred in 36.4% of patients (<i>n</i>=4): cataracts (<i>n</i>=2), band keratopathy (<i>n</i>=1) and posterior synechiae (<i>n</i>=1). The occurrence of complications was corelated with a shorter period between JIA diagnosis and the first JIA-U episode (mean 0.67 <i>vs</i> 4.88y, <i>P</i>=0.012) but not with age at JIA diagnosis or articular involvement. There was erythrocyte sedimentation rate elevation in the 12mo preceding uveitis (mean 40.5 mm/h, range 13-83).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The occurrence of JIA-U shortly after JIA diagnosis is shown to be a potential risk factor for ocular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 7","pages":"1302-1306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}