International journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Towards customized amblyopia treatment: occlusion therapy and axial growth in anisometropic amblyopia.","authors":"Masoud Khorrami-Nejad, Yasir Adil Shakor, Foroozan Narooie-Noori","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.02","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1896-1897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative diagnostic value of cylindrical dandruff and meibomian gland uneven atrophy for <i>Demodex</i> infestation in meibomian gland dysfunction.","authors":"Ya-Na Fu, Ying Li, Fan Zhang, Shuang-Qing Wu, Lin Liang, Xin-Xin Yu, Zu-Hui Zhang, Xiao-Yu Chen, Qi Dai","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.07","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic utility of meibomian gland uneven atrophy (UA) in identifying <i>Demodex</i> infestation among patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and to compare its diagnostic performance with that of cylindrical dandruff (CD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with MGD were prospectively enrolled and stratified into four groups (<i>n</i>=25/group) based on the presence/absence of CD and UA. Comparative analyses and multivariate adjustments were performed using <i>Demodex</i> detection confirmed by <i>in vivo</i> confocal microscopy and light microscopy. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 patients were recruited. The median age was 31.0y (range: 21.0-45.0y; Q1, Q3: 27.0-37.0y), including 29 males and 71 females. <i>Demodex</i> counts per eyelash and positivity rates were highest in the CD⁺UA⁺ group, followed by CD⁺UA^-, and CD^-UA⁺, and then CD^-UA^-. UA was associated with a 5.521-fold increased likelihood of <i>Demodex</i> positivity [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.098-14.531, <i>P</i>=0.001]; CD conferred a 6.460-fold increased risk (95%CI: 2.454-17.002, <i>P</i><0.001). Incorporating UA status significantly improved model fit (Δ<i>χ²</i>=14.096, <i>P</i><0.001). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for CD (in UA^-), UA (in CD^-), and CD+UA (CD^-UA^- and CD⁺UA⁺) were 0.776, 0.762, and 0.865, respectively. CD and UA demonstrated comparable sensitivity (CD: 87.5%, UA: 86.7%) and specificity (CD: 65.6%, UA: 65.7%), which improved to 90.9% and 82.1%, respectively, when both were combined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UA is a significant predictor of <i>Demodex</i> infestation, with diagnostic performance comparable to CD. Combined assessment of CD and UA offers high sensitivity and good specificity, providing a novel and practical tool and substantially reducing misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1939-1947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic comorbidities, seasonal onset, and antihypertensive medication use in primary angle-closure disease subtypes.","authors":"Xiao-Yue Zhang, Qian-Yi Wu, Zhi-Qiao Liang, Ye Lu, Kuan-Kuan Wu, Yao Ma, Hui-Juan Wu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.14","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate clinical characteristics, comorbidities, seasonal onset, and antihypertensive medication use among acute primary angle-closure (APAC), chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG), and primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study of 484 Chinese patients was conducted. Baseline demographics, hypertension and diabetes prevalence, antihypertensive medication use, and seasonal onset patterns were compared across primary angle-closure disease (PACD) subtypes. Seasonal variation was assessed using the von Mises distribution, with subgroup analyses stratified by systemic conditions and medication use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CPACG patients were older (median 71 <i>vs</i> 67y in APAC, <i>P</i><0.001) with higher hypertension (47.74% <i>vs</i> 31.16%, <i>P</i>=0.003) and diabetes prevalence (20.60% <i>vs</i> 10.05%, <i>P</i>=0.014). Multivariate analysis showed hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=1.85] and diabetes (OR=2.00) were significant predictors of CPACG <i>vs</i> APAC. A modest but significant seasonal peak of APAC onset was identified in early June. Subgroup analyses revealed significant shifts in seasonal patterns according to hypertension (<i>P</i>=0.023), diabetes (<i>P</i><0.001), and calcium channel blocker (CCB) use (<i>P</i>=0.025). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) use was absent in APAC patients but present in CPACG and PACS groups; CCB use was highest in APAC patients, though differences were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vascular and metabolic comorbidities are more prevalent in CPACG than APAC, suggesting their role in CPACG pathogenesis. The early-summer peak in disease onset points to possible environmental triggers. Seasonal variation in APAC onset appears to be influenced by systemic vascular conditions and antihypertensive medication use, supporting a multifactorial interaction between environmental, systemic, and pharmacologic factors in APAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1994-2002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical timing in combined ICRS and CXL for keratoconus.","authors":"Ali Dal","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.27","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2093-2094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in ophthalmic optical coherence tomography angiography: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Si-Yuan Zhu, Qing Zhang, Wei-Hua Yang, Wei Chi","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.19","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze research landscapes, hotspots, and trends in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to ophthalmic optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) from 2015 to 2024, aiming to reveal global collaborations and guide future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved publications from Web of Science Core Collection using AI and OCTA-related search terms. After screening, 237 articles were analyzed with CiteSpace (version 6.3.R1) for co-citation, collaboration, and keyword burst analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Annual publications grew rapidly since 2017. China (94 publications) and the US (86 publications) were the most productive and influential countries. Research focused on: deep learning algorithms and vessel segmentation, ocular disease diagnosis including diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, and automated vascular quantification and multimodal imaging. Key limitations included small sample sizes and limited algorithm generalizability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of AI with OCTA has significantly advanced the automation and precise quantitative analysis of ophthalmic vascular imaging, demonstrating substantial potential for diagnosing various retinal and choroidal diseases. Future efforts should focus on developing more robust and interpretable AI models, conducting large-scale, multi-center clinical validation, and establishing standardized imaging and analysis protocols to ultimately realize the widespread adoption of AI-OCTA technology in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2031-2040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability for lacrimal duct research: anatomical and histological evidence favors the rabbit model over the rat.","authors":"Shun-Guo Ma, Yuan Zhang, Hui-Yang Ai, Tian-Yu Zhou, Jing-Min Guo, Rong Liu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.04","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the histological and anatomical characteristics of the lacrimal duct system (LDS) in rabbits and rats and compare with that in humans to establish a suitable animal for LDS studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>New Zealand white rabbits (1.8-2 kg) and SD rats (250-300 g) were selected. Following tests were executed on their LDS, including anatomical measurements; computed tomographic dacryocystography; hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, Periodic Acid-Schiff staining, and scanning electron microscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although there were anatomical similarities between the rats and humans in LDS, the size of LDS was too small and the epithelial types differed from that of humans in LDS. The rabbit only had a lower lacrimal punctum and a lacrimal canaliculus, while they had the same types of lacrimal epithelium as human's and the size was suitable for clinical probing and intubation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Histologically, the lacrimal canaliculi of both rabbits and rats resemble those of humans, making both species applicable for biological studies targeting the lacrimal canaliculi. Nevertheless, the epithelial types of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct in rats differ significantly from humans, whereas those in rabbits are consistent with humans. Therefore, rabbits are more appropriate for biological research involving the nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sac.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1906-1913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high-intensity light on early lens-induced myopia in chicks: optical coherence tomography assessment.","authors":"Luo-Li Zhang, Yang-Yi Huang, Yu-Liang Wang, Xiao-Liao Peng, Tian Han, Xing-Tao Zhou","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.03","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of high-intensity light on ocular length and structural thickness in chick model of the early lens-induced myopia (LIM) by optical coherence tomography (OCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four-day-old chicks were monocularly covered with -10 D lenses for a period of 2d, exposed to either high-intensity light (HL, 10 000 lx) or normal-intensity light (NL, 500 lx) for 12h per day. A two-dimensional visualized swept-source OCT system was used to measure anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth, axial length, retinal thickness and choroidal thickness. The refractive error was measured with retinoscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 2d of treatment, the LIM eyes under NL condition experienced a greater myopic shift (<i>P</i>=0.028) and greater axial elongation (<i>P</i>=0.033) than those exposed to HL. ACD significantly increased in LIM eyes under NL condition when compared with baseline, while no statistical difference of ACD was found between day 2 and day 0 in LIM eyes under HL condition. LIM eyes all experienced the thinning of retinal thickness and choroidal thickness (all <i>P</i><0.05), with no statistically significant differences between NL and HL group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HL could reduce the development of LIM at an early stage. Under NL, hyperopic defocus appears to induce a deepening of ACD at the early stage; this effect could potentially be mitigated by HL. At an early stage, HL may have no significant effects on the changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in LIM eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1898-1905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic isolated medial rectus muscle rupture associated with an anatomic insertional variation: a case report.","authors":"So-Jin Kim, Donny W Suh, Donghun Lee","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.25","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2087-2090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual and refractive evaluation of two diffractive trifocal intraocular lens platforms with distant and near dominant light energy distributions.","authors":"Hyeck-Soo Son, So Hyun Yu, Kyungmin Koh, Gerd U Auffarth, Grzegorz Łabuz","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.11","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the visual, refractive, and optical performance of two diffractive trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) with analogous designs but different light distribution profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 54 eyes from 48 patients undergoing cataract surgery received either the Gemetric™ (GM; Hoya Surgical Optics, Singapore) or the Gemetric™ Plus (GMP; Hoya Surgical Optics) IOLs. Preoperative demographics were comparable between the two groups. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized for statistical analysis to adjust for inter-eye correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 patients (54 eyes) were included in the analysis, of which 30 patients (33 eyes) received the GM IOL and 18 patients (21 eyes) the GMP IOL. The mean age was 59.6±6.1y (range: 48-72) in the GM group and 61.6±5.8y (range: 49-69) in the GMP group (<i>P</i>=0.339). At 3mo postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in uncorrected distance visual acuity (VA) and uncorrected near vision at 40 cm. However, the GM group showed statistically significantly better outcomes in corrected distance VA (<i>P</i>=0.003) and uncorrected intermediate VA at 66 cm (<i>P</i>=0.033). Conversely, uncorrected near VA at 33 cm was significantly superior in the GMP group (<i>P</i>=0.048). The objective assessment of optical quality showed improved distance and intermediate performance with the GM, while the GMP performed better at near, consistent with the patients' measured visual outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adjusting light distribution in otherwise identical trifocal IOLs results in distinct clinical and optical advantages, allowing surgeons to tailor IOL selection to patients' specific visual demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"1971-1977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical intervention versus conservative management in optic disc pit maculopathy.","authors":"Zoé Dobbels, Matteo Mario Carlà, Nesrine Bokri, Sophie Bonnin, Raphaël Lejoyeux, Aude Couturier","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.17","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.10.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the functional and anatomical outcomes in patients with maculopathy related to an optic disc pit (ODP-M), managed with or without surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective monocentric study, included 52 patients (52 eyes) with ODP-M. Of these, 52% (<i>n</i>=27) were managed conservatively, while 48% (<i>n</i>=25) underwent surgery. Primary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomical parameters [central macular thickness (CMT), sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT)], as well as the rate of fluid resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 33.8±22.3y (range: 5-82y), with 27 females and 25 males. Median follow-up duration was 18.0mo [interquartile range (IQR) 7.0-41.5] for the non-surgical group and 15.0mo (IQR 9.0-48.0) for the surgical group. The surgical group demonstrated significantly greater BCVA improvement (mean change: -0.40±0.56 logMAR) compared with the non-surgical group (mean change: -0.03±0.19 logMAR; <i>P</i>=0.006). SFCT remained stable in the non-surgical group (mean change: +4.6±36.4 µm, <i>P</i>=0.74), and showed a greater decrease in the surgical group [mean change: -24.6 µm, 95% confidence interval (CI) -51.4 to +2.2 µm; <i>P</i>=0.06]. CMT decreased significantly in the surgical group (mean change: -392.2±287.9 µm, <i>P</i><0.001), whereas it remained stable in the non-surgical group (mean change: -79.7±233.4 µm, <i>P</i>=0.09). Spontaneous subretinal fluid reduction was observed in 25.9% (<i>n</i>=7) of non-surgical eyes, compared with 72.0% (<i>n</i>=18) of surgical eyes (<i>P</i><0.001), including complete fluid disappearance in 40.0% (<i>n</i>=10) of surgical cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical intervention appears more effective than conservative management in achieving subretinal fluid reduction and BCVA improvement in eyes with ODP-M.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 10","pages":"2018-2025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}