International journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Resveratrol mitigates hypoxia-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis <i>via</i> inhibition of TRPA1 channel in retinal pigment epithelial cells.","authors":"Mehmet Argun, Mustafa Nazıroğlu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.03","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the modulator action of resveratrol (RSV) through the suppression of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) on the hypoxia (HPO)-caused oxidative degeneration and apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE19).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The control (CNT), RSV (50 µmol/L for 24h), HPO (200 µmol/L CoCl₂ for 24h), and HPO+RSV groups were induced in the ARPE19. Apoptosis, caspases (caspases 3, 8, and 9), oxidants [lipid peroxidation, oxygen free radical (OFR), and dysfunction of mitochondrial membrane], antioxidants (glutathione and glutathione peroxidase), Ca²⁺, Zn²⁺ levels, live cell number and percentage were all measured in the cells of four groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HPO increased Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ fluorescence intensity in the cells. It also upregulated the apoptosis, caspases, and oxidant indicators while downregulating the antioxidants, and the count of live cells. TRPA1 agonist (cinnamonaldehyde) further upregulated these indicators (all <i>P</i><0.05). When the HPO-induced increase in TRPA1 activation was treated with RSV and the TRPA1 antagonist (AP18), cell viability and antioxidants rose while the oxidant and apoptotic indicators decreased due to TRPA1 suppression (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPO exposure through TRPA1-mediated Ca²⁺ signaling, induces mitochondrial oxidative cell cytotoxicity and death, which may offer a treatment option for HPO-induced retinal disorders linked to increased OFR and Ca²⁺ influx.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1676-1686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood myopia in the modern environment: modifiable risk factors and evidence-based prevention.","authors":"Farheen Tariq, Shi-Long Huang, Bing-Xin Ren, Ju Zhang, Xiao Lin, Xin-Hai Wang, Hua Gao","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.20","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aimed to summarize modifiable environmental and lifestyle risk factors for childhood myopia and evaluate evidence-based preventive strategies for family, school, and public health practice. Following the PRISMA-ScR framework, relevant studies on children aged 5-18y published up to January 2026 were retrieved from mainstream databases, and eligible literature was synthesized according to study design and evidence level. Reduced outdoor activity, excessive near-work and screen exposure, urban residence, insufficient sleep, and gene-environment interaction are major risk factors for childhood myopia. Daily outdoor activity of 1-2h or longer confers protective effects <i>via</i> promoting retinal dopamine release and inhibiting axial elongation, whereas prolonged close work and excessive screen time notably elevate myopia risk. Optimizing outdoor time, regulating ocular use habits, ensuring sufficient sleep, and implementing school-based interventions are core evidence-based preventive measures, and wearable devices and objective biomarkers can facilitate behavioral management and intervention evaluation. In conclusion, childhood myopia is influenced by multiple adjustable factors; increased outdoor exposure is the most effective preventive measure, and combined behavioral and policy interventions are essential to curb the global prevalence of childhood myopia and prevent subsequent severe visual complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1847-1857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and effectiveness of Bian-stone and moxibustion in treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction.","authors":"Ran Hao, Xue-Mei Bai, Da-Lan Jing, Xiao-Dan Jiang, Xue-Min Li","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.06","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To propose a novel Bian-stone and moxibustion (BSM) therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) treatment, and to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety based on objective ocular surface parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 140 patients with MGD were enrolled in this randomized controlled study and equally allocated (1:1 ratio) into the BSM group and the intense pulsed light (IPL) group. Patients in the BSM group received 30-minute BSM treatment every other day. Subjects in the IPL group completed four independent treatment sessions. The evaluated outcomes included the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), eyelid margin morphology, meibomian gland (MG) morphology and function, tear film breakup time (TBUT), ocular surface staining (OSS) score, Schirmer's test (ST), and tear meniscus height (TMH). All assessments were performed at baseline, as well as at 1- and 3-month follow-ups after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BSM group consisted of 24 males and 47 females with a mean age of 59.04±16.50y, while the IPL group included 27 males and 42 females with a mean age of 60.39±15.90y. No significant differences in age, sex distribution, and clinical history were observed between the two groups. At 1 and 3mo post-treatment, the BSM group exhibited significant improvements in OSDI scores, eyelid margin hyperemia and neovascularization, MG expression, secretion status and gland loss, conjunctival hyperemia, and TBUT. Notably, the BSM group achieved superior improvements in OSDI scores and eyelid neovascularization compared with the IPL group at the 3-month follow-up. Additionally, significant reductions in eyelid margin edema and irregularity were only observed in the BSM group at 3mo after intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BSM therapy can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and restore tear film homeostasis in patients with MGD, serving as a promising and viable therapeutic approach for MGD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1711-1719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Pocket\" technique: a multiple-layer amniotic membrane transplant approach for managing graft-versus-host disease-associated corneal perforations.","authors":"Fang-Ting Li, Qin Zhang, Xiao-Xin Li","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.22","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe a modified technique using multiple-layer amniotic membrane (AM) to manage corneal perforations in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case series included three eyes from 3 patients with GVHD and corneal perforation who underwent AM transplantation between 2019 and 2020. AM was collected from human placenta shortly after the cesarean section. During surgery, the AM was folded and sutured into the wound to create an \"AM pocket\" into which small AM debris was placed. The pocket was then closed using a 10-0 nylon suture and covered with an AM seal. After re-epithelization and AM scarring, sutures were removed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 3 patients achieved successful wound closure with a single surgery, and corneal thickness remained >300 µm at the 6-month follow-up. Visual acuity improved in patients with peripheral perforation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The \"Pocket\" AM transplantation technique is an effective option and recommend for treating acute corneal perforations in patients with GVHD. Our modified AM transplantation method provided definitive wound closure and successfully repaired wounds of various sizes without recurrent corneal melting or perforations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1878-1882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monthly variations and climatic factors on acute primary angle-closure admissions: a 5-year retrospective hospital-based study in Shenzhen, China.","authors":"Ai-Xia Jin, Jiao Si, Yu-Fei Tao, Ming-Min Yang, Xiao-Hua Pan, Yan-Ting Feng, Di Gong, Ning Fan","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.15","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the monthly distribution of acute primary angle-closure (APAC) admissions in a specialized hospital in Shenzhen and its association with climatic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 5-year retrospective study of APAC inpatients from 2017 to 2021 at Shenzhen Eye Hospital were conducted. The medical records were retrieved and climate information was obtained from the government website. The monthly APAC admissions and evaluated the correlation with climatic factors were compared, including precipitation, air pressure, temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, and evaporation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean age of 997 APAC inpatients was 64.63±9.89y, with females predominating (72.12%) and exhibiting significantly shorter axial lengths than males (22.26±0.89 <i>vs</i> 22.87±0.87 mm, <i>P</i><0.001). APAC admissions peaked in May, especially for males ≤65y. Significant positive correlations were identified between admissions and humidity (<i>r</i>=0.498, <i>P</i><0.01) as well as precipitation (<i>r</i>=0.306, <i>P</i><0.05), while evaporation correlated negatively (<i>r</i>=-0.333, <i>P</i><0.05). Males exhibited elevated APAC risk under high humidity [odds ratio (OR)=2.76, <i>P</i>=0.038], while increased air pressure (OR=0.12; 95%CI: 0.07-0.19), higher temperature (OR=0.22; 95%CI: 0.15-0.31), and greater evaporation (OR=0.92; 95%CI: 0.90-0.94) each exerted protective effects against such humidity-associated risk (all <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated relative humidity in May is the primary climatic driver, significantly increasing the risk of APAC attack in males ≤65y. However, these correlations are not significant in female, suggesting the possibility of an associated confounding factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1792-1799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Comparison of visual acuity and optical quality between higher-order aspheric monofocal and standard intraocular lenses\".","authors":"Ankita Bandyopathyay, Suraj Kumar Chaurasiya","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.25","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1891-1892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial outer membrane protein FUNDC2 contributes to ferroptosis as a potential upstream regulator in retinitis pigmentosa.","authors":"Jie-Yu Chen, Ya-Fen Huang, Yu Hong","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.02","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the key role of the mitochondrial outer membrane protein FUN14 domain-containing 2 (FUNDC2) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) ferroptosis during retinitis pigmentosa (RP) progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unbiased label-free proteomics was employed to identify differentially expressed proteins in the RPE of a sodium iodate (SI)-induced rat model. <i>In vitro</i> experiments were conducted using human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 cells. The effects of SI treatment and FUNDC2 knockdown on cell viability and the expression of ferroptosis-protective molecules, including glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), and solute carrier family 25 member 11 (SLC25A11) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proteomic analysis revealed that FUNDC2 was significantly upregulated in the RPE of SI-induced rats. In ARPE-19 cells, SI treatment significantly increased FUNDC2 expression while decreasing the levels of ferroptosis-protective molecules. Functional experiments demonstrated that knocking down FUNDC2 effectively rescued SI-induced loss of cell viability and restored GPX4 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide the first evidence that FUNDC2 acts as a potential upstream regulator of RPE ferroptosis in RP, at least partially by negatively regulating GPX4. Consequently, FUNDC2 is a potential therapeutic target for the future treatment of RP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1667-1675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular pressure profiles between ipsilateral surgically and contralateral medically-controlled in primary open angle glaucoma patients.","authors":"Tze Suen Chow, Farrah Jaafar, Rona Asnida Nasaruddin, Chenshen Lam, Norshamsiah Md Din","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.07","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the fluctuating characteristics, mean value and peak value of intraocular pressure (IOP) between medically and surgically controlled eyes in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) based on a 12-hour daytime diurnal curve (12-DDC) and water drinking test (WDT). Additionally, this study evaluated the consistency of 12-DDC outcomes measured on two separate days.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional observational study. Eligible POAG patients with unilateral medically and contralateral surgically controlled IOP <i>via</i> functional augmented trabeculectomy bleb were enrolled. Diurnal IOP was detected every 3h from 8:00 <i>a.m.</i> to 8:00 <i>p.m.</i> over two consecutive days to establish the 12-DDC. The WDT was performed subsequent to the completion of diurnal IOP measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 POAG patients were included, with a mean age of 65.5±7.3y, predominantly male (<i>n</i>=17, 81.0%), and of Malay ethnicity (<i>n</i>=13, 61.9%). The medically controlled eyes exhibited significantly greater diurnal IOP fluctuation (4.6±1.7 mm Hg) compared with surgically controlled eyes (3.0±1.5 mm Hg, <i>P</i>=0.005). Similarly, the peak IOP derived from WDT was significantly higher in medically controlled eyes (19.6±4.1 mm Hg) than in surgical counterparts (11.2±3.4 mm Hg, <i>P</i><0.001). A strong and significant positive correlation was identified between peak IOP values of 12-DDC and WDT. For surgically controlled eyes, 12-DDC measurements obtained on two different days showed excellent consistency at all corresponding time points, with Kappa values ranging from 0.88 to 0.95.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under the condition of consistent physiological background affecting IOP circadian variation in the same individual, surgically controlled eyes demonstrate a superior IOP profile with lower fluctuation and peak IOP compared with medically controlled eyes in POAG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1720-1730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic glycosylation as a potential molecular link between Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma.","authors":"Rui-Zi Liu, Qing-Ping Liu, Ming-Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.19","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and glaucoma are prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorders affecting the brain and the eye, respectively. Despite their distinct clinical manifestations, both conditions share convergent pathological features, including neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and metabolic stress, suggesting common upstream regulatory mechanisms. Protein glycosylation, a fundamental post-translational modification, has emerged as a key modulator of neuronal survival, protein aggregation, and inflammatory signaling in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize recent advances in enzymatic glycosylation that are mechanistically relevant to both AD and glaucoma, with particular emphasis on N-linked glycosylation (N-glycosylation) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation). We focus on key enzymes, including O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), O-GlcNAcase (OGA), and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), and describe their roles in regulating neuronal viability, microglial activation, trabecular meshwork function, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival. Integrating evidence from cerebral and ocular systems, we propose two glycosylation-dependent regulatory axes: the OGT/OGA-O-GlcNAc axis as an upstream metabolic and stress sensor, and the GnT-III-bisecting GlcNAc-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) axis as a downstream modulator of neuroinflammatory cell-cell interactions. We discuss the potential of glycosylation signatures as biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and aqueous humor, and the feasibility of enzyme-targeted modulation as a therapeutic strategy. Collectively, this enzyme-centered framework provides a conceptual and regulatory perspective on potential links between AD and glaucoma, highlighting opportunities for translational research while acknowledging current evidence gaps that warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1837-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive ocular metastases involving choroid, optic disc, and ciliary body more than 20y after mastectomy: a case report.","authors":"Li-Ping Wang, Guo-Ping Wang, Xue-Jing Lu","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.23","DOIUrl":"10.18240/ijo.2026.09.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"19 9","pages":"1883-1885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}