Predictive analysis of dry eye diagnosis and digital screen usage: a cross-sectional study.

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

International journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-10-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.18240/ijo.2025.10.05

Rekha Ghimire, Raju Kaiti, Ranjila Shyangbo, Santosh Paudel, Youbraj Neupane

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: To characterize the ocular surface characteristics in the Nepalese population across all age groups who have used digital screens for extended durations over several years.

Methods: In a cross-sectional, observational study, 144 digital screen users were assessed for dry eye disease (DED) using subjective and objective measures. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) Questionnaire evaluated symptoms, followed by clinical assessments, including slit lamp biomicroscopy, tear breakup time (TBUT), Oxford Scheme grading, and Schirmer I test. DED was diagnosed if a patient had an OSDI score over 13 and at least two clinical signs (OSDI, Schirmer I test, or ocular staining). The prevalence of DED was calculated based on the proportion of patients meeting these criteria.

Results: Of the 144 participants (mean age: 34.6±15.2y), 78 (54.2%) were female. The use of digital screens varied between 2-8h (mean duration: 4.1±2.7h) per day. The mean OSDI score, TBUT score, and the Schirmer I scores were 22.7±10.5 (max-min: 24.4-20.9), 6.8±4.2s (max-min: 7.5-6.1), and 12.3±4.6 mm (max-min: 13.1-11.5) respectively with 95% confidence interval (β=1.96), and a two-tailed statistical significance level of 5% (α=0.05). With increased screen use, TBUT shortened and OSDI scores increased significantly (P<0.01), though Schirmer I scores were unaffected (P>0.05). The prevalence of DED ranged from 6.3% to 22.9% in those using screens for more than 2h, with an overall prevalence of 67.4% among digital screen users.

Conclusion: There is a significant association between prolonged use of digital screens and clinical markers of dry eye signs and symptoms.

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干眼症诊断和数字屏幕使用的预测分析：一项横断面研究。

目的：描述尼泊尔所有年龄组使用数字屏幕数年的人的眼表特征。方法：在一项横断面观察性研究中，采用主观和客观测量方法对144名数字屏幕用户进行干眼病（DED）评估。眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷评估症状，随后进行临床评估，包括裂隙灯生物显微镜、泪液破裂时间（TBUT）、牛津方案评分和Schirmer I试验。如果患者OSDI评分超过13分，并且至少有两种临床症状（OSDI、Schirmer I试验或眼部染色），则诊断为DED。根据符合这些标准的患者比例计算DED的患病率。结果：144例参与者（平均年龄：34.6±15.2岁）中，女性78例（54.2%）。每天使用数字屏幕的时间为2-8小时（平均4.1±2.7小时）。平均OSDI评分、TBUT评分和Schirmer I评分分别为22.7±10.5 （max-min: 24.4-20.9）、6.8±4.2s （max-min: 7.5-6.1）和12.3±4.6 mm (max-min: 13.1-11.5)， 95%可信区间（β=1.96），双尾统计学显著性水平为5% （α=0.05）。随着屏幕使用次数的增加，TBUT缩短，OSDI评分显著升高（PP < 0.05）。在使用屏幕超过2小时的人群中，DED的患病率从6.3%到22.9%不等，而在数字屏幕用户中，DED的总体患病率为67.4%。结论：长时间使用数字屏幕与干眼体征和症状的临床指标有显著相关性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of ophthalmology Medicine-Ophthalmology

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

7.10%

发文量

3141

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： · International Journal of Ophthalmology-IJO (English edition) is a global ophthalmological scientific publication and a peer-reviewed open access periodical (ISSN 2222-3959 print, ISSN 2227-4898 online). This journal is sponsored by Chinese Medical Association Xi’an Branch and obtains guidance and support from WHO and ICO (International Council of Ophthalmology). It has been indexed in SCIE, PubMed, PubMed-Central, Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, EMBASE , and DOAJ. IJO JCR IF in 2017 is 1.166. IJO was established in 2008, with editorial office in Xi’an, China. It is a monthly publication. General Scientific Advisors include Prof. Hugh Taylor (President of ICO); Prof.Bruce Spivey (Immediate Past President of ICO); Prof.Mark Tso (Ex-Vice President of ICO) and Prof.Daiming Fan (Academician and Vice President, Chinese Academy of Engineering. International Scientific Advisors include Prof. Serge Resnikoff (WHO Senior Speciatist for Prevention of blindness), Prof. Chi-Chao Chan (National Eye Institute, USA) and Prof. Richard L Abbott (Ex-President of AAO/PAAO) et al. Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Li-Xin Xie(Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering/Honorary President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society); Prof. Dennis Lam (President of APAO) and Prof. Xiao-Xin Li (Ex-President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society). Chief Editor: Prof. Xiu-Wen Hu (President of IJO Press). Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Yan-Nian Hui (Ex-Director, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA) and Prof. George Chiou (Founding chief editor of Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics). Associate Editors-in-Chief include: Prof. Ning-Li Wang (President Elect of APAO); Prof. Ke Yao (President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society) ; Prof.William Smiddy (Bascom Palmer Eye instituteUSA) ; Prof.Joel Schuman (President of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology,USA); Prof.Yizhi Liu (Vice President of Chinese Ophtlalmology Society); Prof.Yu-Sheng Wang (Director of Eye Institute of Chinese PLA); Prof.Ling-Yun Cheng (Director of Ocular Pharmacology, Shiley Eye Center, USA). IJO accepts contributions in English from all over the world. It includes mainly original articles and review articles, both basic and clinical papers. Instruction is Welcome Contribution is Welcome Citation is Welcome Cooperation organization International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO), PubMed, PMC, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Asia-Pacific, Thomson Reuters, The Charlesworth Group, Crossref,Scopus,Publons, DOAJ etc.